Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an · Tafsir · in Arabic
الرعد
Ar-Ra'd
The Thunder · Medinan · 43 ayahs
13:1Page 249
الٓمٓرۚ تِلۡكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِۗ وَٱلَّذِيٓ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ ١
Alif, Lām, Meem, Rā.1 These are the verses of the Book; and what has been revealed to you from your Lord is the truth, but most of the people do not believe.
No commentary for this ayah
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ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي رَفَعَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ بِغَيۡرِ عَمَدٖ تَرَوۡنَهَاۖ ثُمَّ ٱسۡتَوَىٰ عَلَى ٱلۡعَرۡشِۖ وَسَخَّرَ ٱلشَّمۡسَ وَٱلۡقَمَرَۖ كُلّٞ يَجۡرِي لِأَجَلٖ مُّسَمّٗىۚ يُدَبِّرُ ٱلۡأَمۡرَ يُفَصِّلُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ لَعَلَّكُم بِلِقَآءِ رَبِّكُمۡ تُوقِنُونَ ٢
It is Allāh who erected the heavens without pillars that you [can] see; then He established Himself above the Throne1 and made subject2 the sun and the moon, each running [its course] for a specified term. He arranges [each] matter; He details the signs that you may, of the meeting with your Lord, be certain.
﴿بِغَيۡرِ عَمَدࣲ﴾: بغيرِ دَعائمَ.
﴿تَرَوۡنَهَا﴾: كما تَرَوْنَ خَلْقَ السمواتِ البديعَ.
﴿ٱسۡتَوَىٰ﴾: علا وارتفعَ، استواءً يليقُ بجَلالِه وعَظَمتِه.
﴿ٱلۡعَرۡشِ﴾: سريرِ المُلْكِ الذي استوى عليه الرحمنُ، وتَحملُه الملائكةُ، وهو أعظمُ المخلوقاتِ، وهو سَقْفُ الجنةِ.
﴿وَسَخَّرَ ٱلشَّمۡسَ وَٱلۡقَمَرَ﴾: ذلَّلهما لمنافعِ الخَلْقِ ومصالِحهِم.
﴿يُدَبِّرُ ٱلۡأَمۡرَ﴾: يَقضي أمورَ الدنيا والآخرةِ، ويُصَرِّفها وحدَه على أكملِ الوجوهِ.
﴿يُفَصِّلُ ٱلۡـَٔايَـٰتِ﴾: يُبَيِّنُ دَلائلَ وحدانيتِه وقُدْرَتِه.
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وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي مَدَّ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا رَوَٰسِيَ وَأَنۡهَٰرٗاۖ وَمِن كُلِّ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ جَعَلَ فِيهَا زَوۡجَيۡنِ ٱثۡنَيۡنِۖ يُغۡشِي ٱلَّيۡلَ ٱلنَّهَارَۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ٣
And it is He who spread the earth and placed therein firmly set mountains and rivers; and from all of the fruits He made therein two mates; He causes the night to cover the day. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.
﴿مَدَّ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ﴾: بَسَطَها، وهَيَّأها للاستقرارِ والعيشِ فيها.
﴿رَوَ ٰسِيَ﴾: جبالًا تُثبِّتُها؛ لئلا تضطرِبَ.
﴿زَوۡجَيۡنِ﴾: صِنْفَين في اللونِ، أو الطَّعْم، أو القَدْرِ، ونحوِها.
﴿يُغۡشِي ٱلَّيۡلَ ٱلنَّهَارَ﴾: يجعلُ الليلَ يُغَطِّي النَّهارَ ويَسْتُره بظُلْمتِه، بإدخالِه على النَّهارِ، أو العكس.
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وَفِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ قِطَعٞ مُّتَجَٰوِرَٰتٞ وَجَنَّٰتٞ مِّنۡ أَعۡنَٰبٖ وَزَرۡعٞ وَنَخِيلٞ صِنۡوَانٞ وَغَيۡرُ صِنۡوَانٖ يُسۡقَىٰ بِمَآءٖ وَٰحِدٖ وَنُفَضِّلُ بَعۡضَهَا عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ فِي ٱلۡأُكُلِۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَعۡقِلُونَ ٤
And within the land are neighboring plots and gardens of grapevines and crops and palm trees, [growing] several from a root or otherwise,1 watered with one water; but We make some of them exceed others in [quality of] fruit. Indeed in that are signs for a people who reason.
﴿قِطَعࣱ﴾: بقاعٌ مختلفةٌ في الأوصافِ والأحوالِ.
﴿وَجَنَّـٰتࣱ﴾: بساتينُ.
﴿وَنَخِيلࣱ صِنۡوَانࣱ﴾: النخيلُ المتفرعُ الذي يجمَعُه أصلٌ ومَنبَتٌ واحدٌ.
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۞ وَإِن تَعۡجَبۡ فَعَجَبٞ قَوۡلُهُمۡ أَءِذَا كُنَّا تُرَٰبًا أَءِنَّا لَفِي خَلۡقٖ جَدِيدٍۗ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِرَبِّهِمۡۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلۡأَغۡلَٰلُ فِيٓ أَعۡنَاقِهِمۡۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِۖ هُمۡ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ ٥
And if you are astonished,1 [O Muḥammad] - then astonishing is their saying, "When we are dust, will we indeed be [brought] into a new creation?" Those are the ones who have disbelieved in their Lord, and those will have shackles2 upon their necks, and those are the companions of the Fire; they will abide therein eternally.
﴿وَإِن تَعۡجَبۡ﴾: أي: من عَدَمِ إيمانِ الكفّار.
﴿ٱلۡأَغۡلَـٰلُ﴾: جَمْعُ غُلٍّ، وهو الطَّوقُ، أو القيدُ يُقَيَّدُ به، فيُجْعَلُ العُنُقُ في وسَطِه.
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وَيَسۡتَعۡجِلُونَكَ بِٱلسَّيِّئَةِ قَبۡلَ ٱلۡحَسَنَةِ وَقَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِن قَبۡلِهِمُ ٱلۡمَثُلَٰتُۗ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغۡفِرَةٖ لِّلنَّاسِ عَلَىٰ ظُلۡمِهِمۡۖ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَشَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ ٦
They impatiently urge you to bring about evil before good,1 while there has already occurred before them similar punishments [to what they demand]. And indeed, your Lord is the possessor of forgiveness for the people despite their wrongdoing, and indeed, your Lord is severe in penalty.
﴿خَلَتۡ﴾: مَضَتْ.
﴿ٱلۡمَثُلَـٰتُ﴾: جَمْعُ مَثُلَة، وهي عقوباتُ اللهِ التي تكونُ مَثَلًا يَرْدَعُ.
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وَيَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوۡلَآ أُنزِلَ عَلَيۡهِ ءَايَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦٓۗ إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مُنذِرٞۖ وَلِكُلِّ قَوۡمٍ هَادٍ ٧
And those who disbelieved say, "Why has a sign not been sent down to him from his Lord?" You are only a warner, and for every people is a guide.
﴿لَوۡلَآ﴾: هَلّا.
﴿ءَايَةࣱ﴾: مُعْجِزَةٌ محسوسةٌ، كناقةِ صالحٍ.
﴿هَادٍ﴾: داعٍ يرشُدُهم، وهو نبيُّهم.
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ٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُ مَا تَحۡمِلُ كُلُّ أُنثَىٰ وَمَا تَغِيضُ ٱلۡأَرۡحَامُ وَمَا تَزۡدَادُۚ وَكُلُّ شَيۡءٍ عِندَهُۥ بِمِقۡدَارٍ ٨
Allāh knows what every female carries1 and what the wombs lose [prematurely] or exceed.2 And everything with Him is by due measure.
﴿وَمَا تَغِيضُ ٱلۡأَرۡحَامُ﴾: ما تَنْقُصُه قبلَ اكتمالِ الحَمْلِ في بِنْيتِه أو مُدَّتِه، أو ما تُسْقِطُه ميتًا.
﴿وَمَا تَزۡدَادُ﴾: ما يَزْدادُه الحَمْلُ في جِسْمِه، أو مُدَّتِه، أو عَدَدِه.
﴿بِمِقۡدَارٍ﴾: بقَدْرٍ عندَ اللهِ لا يتعدّاه ولا يَنْقُصُ عنه.
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عَٰلِمُ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ ٱلۡكَبِيرُ ٱلۡمُتَعَالِ ٩
[He is] Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, the Grand, the Exalted.
﴿ٱلۡغَيۡبِ﴾: ما خَفِيَ عن الأبصارِ والحواسِّ.
﴿وَٱلشَّهَـٰدَةِ﴾: ما هو مشاهَدٌ وحاضِرٌ.
﴿ٱلۡكَبِيرُ﴾: في ذاتِه وأسمائِه وصفاتِه.
﴿ٱلۡمُتَعَالِ﴾: المُسْتَعْلي على جميعِ خَلْقِه بذاتِه وقُدْرتِه وقَهْرِه.
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سَوَآءٞ مِّنكُم مَّنۡ أَسَرَّ ٱلۡقَوۡلَ وَمَن جَهَرَ بِهِۦ وَمَنۡ هُوَ مُسۡتَخۡفِۭ بِٱلَّيۡلِ وَسَارِبُۢ بِٱلنَّهَارِ ١٠
It is the same [to Him] concerning you whether one conceals [his] speech or publicizes it and whether one is hidden by night or conspicuous [among others] by day.
﴿سَوَآءࣱ﴾: يستوي في عِلْمِ اللهِ تعالى.
﴿مَّنۡ أَسَرَّ ٱلۡقَوۡلَ﴾: الذي أخفاه.
﴿مُسۡتَخۡفِۭ بِٱلَّيۡلِ﴾: مُسْتَتِرٌ بأعمالِه في ظُلْمَةِ الليلِ عن الأَعْيُنِ.
﴿وَسَارِبُۢ بِٱلنَّهَارِ﴾: ذاهبٌ في طريقِه وعَمَلِه نهارًا يُبْصِرُه كلُّ أحدٍ.
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لَهُۥ مُعَقِّبَٰتٞ مِّنۢ بَيۡنِ يَدَيۡهِ وَمِنۡ خَلۡفِهِۦ يَحۡفَظُونَهُۥ مِنۡ أَمۡرِ ٱللَّهِۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُغَيِّرُ مَا بِقَوۡمٍ حَتَّىٰ يُغَيِّرُواْ مَا بِأَنفُسِهِمۡۗ وَإِذَآ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ بِقَوۡمٖ سُوٓءٗا فَلَا مَرَدَّ لَهُۥۚ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن دُونِهِۦ مِن وَالٍ ١١
For him [i.e., each one] are successive [angels]1 before and behind him who protect him by the decree of Allāh.2 Indeed, Allāh will not change the condition of a people until they change what is in themselves. And when Allāh intends for a people ill,3 there is no repelling it. And there is not for them besides Him any patron.
﴿لَهُۥ﴾: أي: لله، أو للمذكورِ من أحوالِ الإنسانِ.
﴿مُعَقِّبَـٰتࣱ﴾: ملائكةٌ حَفَظَةٌ يتعاقبون على الإنسان ليلًا ونهارًا.
﴿يَحۡفَظُونَهُۥ مِنۡ أَمۡرِ ٱللَّهِ﴾: بسبب أمرِ اللهِ لهم بحِفْظِه ورعايتِه.
﴿وَالٍ﴾: وليٍّ ناصرٍ يتولّى أمورَهم ويَدْفَعُ عنهم ما هم فيه.
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هُوَ ٱلَّذِي يُرِيكُمُ ٱلۡبَرۡقَ خَوۡفٗا وَطَمَعٗا وَيُنشِئُ ٱلسَّحَابَ ٱلثِّقَالَ ١٢
It is He who shows you lightning, [causing] fear and aspiration, and generates the heavy clouds.
﴿خَوۡفࣰا﴾: من الصواعقِ المُحْرِقَةِ.
﴿وَطَمَعࣰا﴾: في نزولِ المَطَرِ.
﴿وَيُنشِئُ﴾: يُوجِدُ.
﴿ٱلسَّحَابَ ٱلثِّقَالَ﴾: المُحَمَّلَةَ بالماءِ، فتَثْقُلُ لكثرةِ مائِها.
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وَيُسَبِّحُ ٱلرَّعۡدُ بِحَمۡدِهِۦ وَٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ مِنۡ خِيفَتِهِۦ وَيُرۡسِلُ ٱلصَّوَٰعِقَ فَيُصِيبُ بِهَا مَن يَشَآءُ وَهُمۡ يُجَٰدِلُونَ فِي ٱللَّهِ وَهُوَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡمِحَالِ ١٣
And the thunder exalts [Allāh] with praise of Him - and the angels [as well] from fear of Him - and He sends thunderbolts and strikes therewith whom He wills while they dispute about Allāh; and He is severe in assault.
﴿وَهُمۡ يُجَـٰدِلُونَ فِي ٱللَّهِ﴾: والكفارُ يُجادِلون في وحْدانيةِ اللهِ وقدرتِه على البعثِ.
﴿ٱلۡمِحَالِ﴾: المكايَدَةِ والقوةِ والبَطْشِ بأعدائِه.
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لَهُۥ دَعۡوَةُ ٱلۡحَقِّۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِهِۦ لَا يَسۡتَجِيبُونَ لَهُم بِشَيۡءٍ إِلَّا كَبَٰسِطِ كَفَّيۡهِ إِلَى ٱلۡمَآءِ لِيَبۡلُغَ فَاهُ وَمَا هُوَ بِبَٰلِغِهِۦۚ وَمَا دُعَآءُ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ إِلَّا فِي ضَلَٰلٖ ١٤
To Him [alone] is the supplication of truth. And those they call upon besides Him do not respond to them with a thing, except as one who stretches his hands toward water [from afar, calling it] to reach his mouth, but it will not reach it [thus].1 And the supplication of the disbelievers is not but in error [i.e., futility].
﴿دَعۡوَةُ ٱلۡحَقِّ﴾: دعوةُ التوحيدِ.
﴿فِي ضَلَـٰلࣲ﴾: في غايةِ البُعْدِ عن الصوابِ؛ بسببِ إشراكِهم مع اللهِ غيرَه.
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وَلِلَّهِۤ يَسۡجُدُۤ مَن فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ طَوۡعٗا وَكَرۡهٗا وَظِلَٰلُهُم بِٱلۡغُدُوِّ وَٱلۡأٓصَالِ۩ ١٥
And to Allāh prostrates whoever is within the heavens and the earth, willingly or by compulsion, and their shadows [as well] in the mornings and the afternoons.
﴿وَلِلَّهِ يَسۡجُدُ﴾: يخضَعُ لعظمَتِه، وينقادُ لأحكامِه.
﴿طَوۡعࣰا وَكَرۡهࣰا﴾: يخضعُ له المؤمنون مُختارين، والكافِرُون رغمًا عنهم؛ لأنّ قدرتَه نافذةٌ في الكلِّ.
﴿وَظِلَـٰلُهُم﴾: وتنقادُ وتخضعُ لعظمةِ اللهِ ظلال المخلوقات، فهي تحتَ قَهْرِه ومشيئتِه.
﴿بِٱلۡغُدُوِّ﴾: جَمْعُ غَداة، وهي أولُ النهار.
﴿وَٱلۡـَٔاصَالِ﴾: جَمْعُ أصِيل، وهو آخِرُ النَّهارِ.
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قُلۡ مَن رَّبُّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ قُلِ ٱللَّهُۚ قُلۡ أَفَٱتَّخَذۡتُم مِّن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوۡلِيَآءَ لَا يَمۡلِكُونَ لِأَنفُسِهِمۡ نَفۡعٗا وَلَا ضَرّٗاۚ قُلۡ هَلۡ يَسۡتَوِي ٱلۡأَعۡمَىٰ وَٱلۡبَصِيرُ أَمۡ هَلۡ تَسۡتَوِي ٱلظُّلُمَٰتُ وَٱلنُّورُۗ أَمۡ جَعَلُواْ لِلَّهِ شُرَكَآءَ خَلَقُواْ كَخَلۡقِهِۦ فَتَشَٰبَهَ ٱلۡخَلۡقُ عَلَيۡهِمۡۚ قُلِ ٱللَّهُ خَٰلِقُ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡوَٰحِدُ ٱلۡقَهَّٰرُ ١٦
Say, "Who is Lord of the heavens and earth?" Say, "Allāh." Say, "Have you then taken besides Him allies not possessing [even] for themselves any benefit or any harm?" Say, "Is the blind equivalent to the seeing? Or is darkness equivalent to light? Or have they attributed to Allāh partners who created like His creation so that the creation [of each] seemed similar to them?"1 Say, "Allāh is the Creator of all things, and He is the One, the Prevailing."2
﴿فَتَشَـٰبَهَ ٱلۡخَلۡقُ﴾: أي: خَلْقُ اللهِ وخَلْقُ الشُّركاءِ.
﴿ٱلۡوَ ٰحِدُ﴾: الذي لا شبيهَ له ولا شريكَ، المستحِقُّ للعبادة.
﴿ٱلۡقَهَّـٰرُ﴾: الغالبُ على ما سواه، وكلُّ شيءٍ تحتَ قَهْرِه ومشيئتِه.
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أَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَسَالَتۡ أَوۡدِيَةُۢ بِقَدَرِهَا فَٱحۡتَمَلَ ٱلسَّيۡلُ زَبَدٗا رَّابِيٗاۖ وَمِمَّا يُوقِدُونَ عَلَيۡهِ فِي ٱلنَّارِ ٱبۡتِغَآءَ حِلۡيَةٍ أَوۡ مَتَٰعٖ زَبَدٞ مِّثۡلُهُۥۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَضۡرِبُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡحَقَّ وَٱلۡبَٰطِلَۚ فَأَمَّا ٱلزَّبَدُ فَيَذۡهَبُ جُفَآءٗۖ وَأَمَّا مَا يَنفَعُ ٱلنَّاسَ فَيَمۡكُثُ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَضۡرِبُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡأَمۡثَالَ ١٧
He sends down from the sky, rain, and valleys flow according to their capacity, and the torrent carries a rising foam. And from that [ore] which they heat in the fire, desiring adornments and utensils, is a foam like it. Thus Allāh presents [the example of] truth and falsehood. As for the foam, it vanishes, [being] cast off; but as for that which benefits the people, it remains on the earth. Thus does Allāh present examples.
﴿بِقَدَرِهَا﴾: بقَدْرِ تفاوُتِها صِغَرًا وكِبَرًا.
﴿زَبَدࣰا﴾: ما يَعْلُو على وجهِ الماءِ عند جَرَيانِه، وهو الغُثاءُ.
﴿رَّابِيࣰا﴾: مرتفعًا طافيًا فوقَ الماءِ.
﴿وَمِمَّا يُوقِدُونَ عَلَيۡهِ فِي ٱلنَّارِ﴾: ومن المعادن التي يُوقِدُ الناسُ النارَ عليها لصَهْرِها.
﴿ٱبۡتِغَآءَ حِلۡيَةٍ﴾: طَلَبًا للزِّينة كالذَّهَبِ.
﴿أَوۡ مَتَـٰعࣲ﴾: أو طَلَبًا لمنافعَ ينتفعون بها كالنُّحاسِ.
﴿زَبَدࣱ مِّثۡلُهُۥ﴾: الخَبَثُ الطافي عند إذابةِ المعادنِ، كالذي كان فوقَ الماءِ، لا فائدةَ منهما.
﴿جُفَآءࣰ﴾: مَرْمِيًّا به، أو مُتَفرِّقًا.
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لِلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَجَابُواْ لِرَبِّهِمُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَسۡتَجِيبُواْ لَهُۥ لَوۡ أَنَّ لَهُم مَّا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗا وَمِثۡلَهُۥ مَعَهُۥ لَٱفۡتَدَوۡاْ بِهِۦٓۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ سُوٓءُ ٱلۡحِسَابِ وَمَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمِهَادُ ١٨
For those who have responded to their Lord is the best [reward], but those who did not respond to Him - if they had all that is in the earth entirely and the like of it with it, they would [attempt to] ransom themselves thereby. Those will have the worst account, and their refuge is Hell, and wretched is the resting place.
﴿ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ﴾: الجنةُ.
﴿لَٱفۡتَدَوۡاْ بِهِۦٓ﴾: لَبَذَلُوه فِداءً لأنفسِهم يومَ القيامةِ.
﴿سُوٓءُ ٱلۡحِسَابِ﴾: الحسابُ السِّيِّئُ على ما قَدَّموه مِن عَمَلٍ.
﴿ٱلۡمِهَادُ﴾: الفِراشُ والمستَقَرُّ.
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۞ أَفَمَن يَعۡلَمُ أَنَّمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ ٱلۡحَقُّ كَمَنۡ هُوَ أَعۡمَىٰٓۚ إِنَّمَا يَتَذَكَّرُ أُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِ ١٩
Then is he who knows that what has been revealed to you from your Lord is the truth like one who is blind? They will only be reminded who are people of understanding -
﴿أَعۡمَىٰٓ﴾: لا يُبْصِرُ الحَقَّ ولا يَتَّبِعُه.
﴿أُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَلۡبَـٰبِ﴾: أصحابُ العقولِ السليمةِ.
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ٱلَّذِينَ يُوفُونَ بِعَهۡدِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا يَنقُضُونَ ٱلۡمِيثَٰقَ ٢٠
Those who fulfill the covenant of Allāh and do not break the contract,
﴿بِعَهۡدِ ٱللَّهِ﴾: ما أمَرَ اللهُ به.
﴿ٱلۡمِيثَـٰقَ﴾: العهدَ المؤكَّدَ الذي عاهدُوا اللهَ عليه.
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وَٱلَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ مَآ أَمَرَ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦٓ أَن يُوصَلَ وَيَخۡشَوۡنَ رَبَّهُمۡ وَيَخَافُونَ سُوٓءَ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ٢١
And those who join that which Allāh has ordered to be joined1 and fear their Lord and are afraid of the evil of [their] account,
No commentary for this ayah
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وَٱلَّذِينَ صَبَرُواْ ٱبۡتِغَآءَ وَجۡهِ رَبِّهِمۡ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأَنفَقُواْ مِمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡ سِرّٗا وَعَلَانِيَةٗ وَيَدۡرَءُونَ بِٱلۡحَسَنَةِ ٱلسَّيِّئَةَ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ عُقۡبَى ٱلدَّارِ ٢٢
And those who are patient, seeking the face [i.e., acceptance] of their Lord, and establish prayer and spend from what We have provided for them secretly and publicly and prevent evil with good - those will have the good consequence of [this] home1 -
﴿ٱبۡتِغَآءَ وَجۡهِ رَبِّهِمۡ﴾: طَلَبًا لرِضاه.
﴿وَيَدۡرَءُونَ﴾: يَدْفَعُون، أو يُتْبِعُونَ.
﴿عُقۡبَى ٱلدَّارِ﴾: العاقبةُ المحمودةُ في الآخرةِ.
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جَنَّٰتُ عَدۡنٖ يَدۡخُلُونَهَا وَمَن صَلَحَ مِنۡ ءَابَآئِهِمۡ وَأَزۡوَٰجِهِمۡ وَذُرِّيَّٰتِهِمۡۖ وَٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ يَدۡخُلُونَ عَلَيۡهِم مِّن كُلِّ بَابٖ ٢٣
Gardens of perpetual residence; they will enter them with whoever were righteous among their forefathers, their spouses and their descendants. And the angels will enter upon them from every gate, [saying],
﴿جَنَّـٰتُ عَدۡنࣲ﴾: دارُ إقامةٍ خالدين فيها.
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سَلَٰمٌ عَلَيۡكُم بِمَا صَبَرۡتُمۡۚ فَنِعۡمَ عُقۡبَى ٱلدَّارِ ٢٤
"Peace [i.e., security] be upon you for what you patiently endured." And excellent is the final home.
﴿سَلَـٰمٌ عَلَيۡكُم﴾: تحيةٌ خاصةٌ بكم، وسَلِمْتُم من كلِّ سوءٍ.
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وَٱلَّذِينَ يَنقُضُونَ عَهۡدَ ٱللَّهِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مِيثَٰقِهِۦ وَيَقۡطَعُونَ مَآ أَمَرَ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦٓ أَن يُوصَلَ وَيُفۡسِدُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمُ ٱللَّعۡنَةُ وَلَهُمۡ سُوٓءُ ٱلدَّارِ ٢٥
But those who break the covenant of Allāh after contracting it and sever that which Allāh has ordered to be joined and spread corruption on earth - for them is the curse, and they will have the worst home.1
﴿ٱللَّعۡنَةُ﴾: الطَّرْدُ من رحمةِ اللهِ.
﴿سُوٓءُ ٱلدَّارِ﴾: العاقبةُ السيئةُ في الآخرةِ، وهي النارُ.
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ٱللَّهُ يَبۡسُطُ ٱلرِّزۡقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَقۡدِرُۚ وَفَرِحُواْ بِٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَمَا ٱلۡحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنۡيَا فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ إِلَّا مَتَٰعٞ ٢٦
Allāh extends provision for whom He wills and restricts [it]. And they rejoice in the worldly life, while the worldly life is not, compared to the Hereafter, except [brief] enjoyment.
﴿وَيَقۡدِرُ﴾: يُضَيِّق الرزقَ على مَن يشاءُ؛ لحكمةٍ.
﴿وَفَرِحُواْ﴾: أي: الكفارُ، فَرَحَ طُغْيانٍ وبَطَرٍ.
﴿مَتَـٰعࣱ﴾: شيءٌ قليلٌ يُتَمَتَّعُ به، سريعُ الزَّوالِ.
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وَيَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوۡلَآ أُنزِلَ عَلَيۡهِ ءَايَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦۚ قُلۡ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُضِلُّ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهۡدِيٓ إِلَيۡهِ مَنۡ أَنَابَ ٢٧
And those who disbelieved say, "Why has a sign not been sent down to him from his Lord?" Say, [O Muḥammad], "Indeed, Allāh leaves astray whom He wills and guides to Himself whoever turns back [to Him] -
﴿لَوۡلَآ﴾: هَلّا.
﴿ءَايَةࣱ﴾: مُعْجِزَةٌ محسوسةٌ، كناقةِ صالحٍ.
﴿وَيَهۡدِيٓ﴾: يُرْشِدُ ويُوَفِّقُ.
﴿مَنۡ أَنَابَ﴾: الذي رَجَعَ إلى اللهِ وطَلَبَ رِضْوانَه.
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ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَتَطۡمَئِنُّ قُلُوبُهُم بِذِكۡرِ ٱللَّهِۗ أَلَا بِذِكۡرِ ٱللَّهِ تَطۡمَئِنُّ ٱلۡقُلُوبُ ٢٨
Those who have believed and whose hearts are assured by the remembrance of Allāh. Unquestionably, by the remembrance of Allāh hearts are assured."
﴿تَطۡمَئِنُّ﴾: تَسْكُنُ وتستأنِسُ.
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ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ طُوبَىٰ لَهُمۡ وَحُسۡنُ مَـَٔابٖ ٢٩
Those who have believed and done righteous deeds - a good state is theirs and a good return.
﴿طُوبَىٰ لَهُمۡ﴾: عَيْشٌ وحالٌ طيبةٌ في الآخرةِ.
﴿مَـَٔابࣲ﴾: مَرْجِعٍ.
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كَذَٰلِكَ أَرۡسَلۡنَٰكَ فِيٓ أُمَّةٖ قَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِن قَبۡلِهَآ أُمَمٞ لِّتَتۡلُوَاْ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَيۡكَ وَهُمۡ يَكۡفُرُونَ بِٱلرَّحۡمَٰنِۚ قُلۡ هُوَ رَبِّي لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ عَلَيۡهِ تَوَكَّلۡتُ وَإِلَيۡهِ مَتَابِ ٣٠
Thus have We sent you to a community before which [other] communities have passed on so you might recite to them that which We revealed to you, while they disbelieve in the Most Merciful. Say, "He is my Lord; there is no deity except Him. Upon Him I rely, and to Him is my return."
﴿كَذَ ٰلِكَ أَرۡسَلۡنَـٰكَ﴾: كما أرْسَلْنا الُمرْسَلين قبلَك أرْسَلْناك.
﴿خَلَتۡ﴾: مَضَتْ.
﴿تَوَكَّلۡتُ﴾: اعتمَدْتُ على ربي، وفوَّضْتُ أمري إليه.
﴿مَتَابِ﴾: مَرْجِعي وتَوْبتي.
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وَلَوۡ أَنَّ قُرۡءَانٗا سُيِّرَتۡ بِهِ ٱلۡجِبَالُ أَوۡ قُطِّعَتۡ بِهِ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ أَوۡ كُلِّمَ بِهِ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰۗ بَل لِّلَّهِ ٱلۡأَمۡرُ جَمِيعًاۗ أَفَلَمۡ يَاْيۡـَٔسِ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَن لَّوۡ يَشَآءُ ٱللَّهُ لَهَدَى ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعٗاۗ وَلَا يَزَالُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ تُصِيبُهُم بِمَا صَنَعُواْ قَارِعَةٌ أَوۡ تَحُلُّ قَرِيبٗا مِّن دَارِهِمۡ حَتَّىٰ يَأۡتِيَ وَعۡدُ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُخۡلِفُ ٱلۡمِيعَادَ ٣١
And if there was any Qur’ān [i.e., recitation] by which the mountains would be removed or the earth would be broken apart or the dead would be made to speak,1 [it would be this Qur’ān], but to Allāh belongs the affair entirely. Then have those who believed not accepted that had Allāh willed, He would have guided the people, all of them? And those who disbelieve do not cease to be struck, for what they have done, by calamity - or it will descend near their home - until there comes the promise of Allāh. Indeed, Allāh does not fail in [His] promise.
﴿سُيِّرَتۡ بِهِ ٱلۡجِبَالُ﴾: نُقِلَتْ عن أماكنِها.
﴿قُطِّعَتۡ بِهِ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ﴾: شُقِّقَتْ به، فتَصِيرُ عيونًا وأنهارًا.
﴿كُلِّمَ بِهِ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ﴾: بأَنْ تُحْيا، ويُقْرَأَ عليهم فَيفْهَمُوه كالأحياءِ.
﴿أَفَلَمۡ يَاْيۡـَٔسِ﴾: أفلم يَعْلَمْ ويتبيَّنْ.
﴿قَارِعَةٌ﴾: مصيبةٌ تَنْزِلُ بهم وتُهْلِكُهُم.
﴿وَعۡدُ ٱللَّهِ﴾: النصرُ عليهم، أو قيامُ الساعةِ.
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وَلَقَدِ ٱسۡتُهۡزِئَ بِرُسُلٖ مِّن قَبۡلِكَ فَأَمۡلَيۡتُ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ثُمَّ أَخَذۡتُهُمۡۖ فَكَيۡفَ كَانَ عِقَابِ ٣٢
And already were [other] messengers ridiculed before you, and I extended the time of those who disbelieved; then I seized them, and how [terrible] was My penalty.
﴿فَأَمۡلَيۡتُ﴾: أمْهَلْتُ مدةً طويلةً.
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أَفَمَنۡ هُوَ قَآئِمٌ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ نَفۡسِۭ بِمَا كَسَبَتۡۗ وَجَعَلُواْ لِلَّهِ شُرَكَآءَ قُلۡ سَمُّوهُمۡۚ أَمۡ تُنَبِّـُٔونَهُۥ بِمَا لَا يَعۡلَمُ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أَم بِظَٰهِرٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡقَوۡلِۗ بَلۡ زُيِّنَ لِلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مَكۡرُهُمۡ وَصُدُّواْ عَنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِۗ وَمَن يُضۡلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِنۡ هَادٖ ٣٣
Then is He who is a maintainer of every soul, [knowing] what it has earned, [like any other]? But to Allāh they have attributed partners. Say, "Name them. Or do you inform Him of that1 which He knows not upon the earth or of what is apparent [i.e., alleged] of speech?"2 Rather, their [own] plan has been made attractive to those who disbelieve, and they have been averted from the way. And whomever Allāh sends astray - there will be for him no guide.
﴿قَآئِمٌ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ نَفۡسِۭ﴾: رقيبٌ وحافظٌ عليها، وهو اللهُ.
﴿قُلۡ سَمُّوهُمۡ﴾: اذكُروا أسماءَ الشُّركاءِ وصِفاتِهم.
﴿أَم بِظَـٰهِرࣲ مِّنَ ٱلۡقَوۡلِ﴾: بل أتُسَمُّونهم شركاءَ بقولٍ باطِلٍ لا حقيقةَ له.
﴿زُيِّنَ﴾: حَسَّنَ الشَّيطانُ.
﴿مَكۡرُهُمۡ﴾: كفْرُهم وقولُهم الباطِلَ.
﴿هَادࣲ﴾: أحدٍ يُوَفِّقُه إلى الخيرِ.
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لَّهُمۡ عَذَابٞ فِي ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَاۖ وَلَعَذَابُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ أَشَقُّۖ وَمَا لَهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ مِن وَاقٖ ٣٤
For them will be punishment in the life of [this] world, and the punishment of the Hereafter is more severe. And they will not have from Allāh any protector.
﴿لَّهُمۡ عَذَابࣱ فِي ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا﴾: بالقَتْلِ والأسْرِ وغيرِهما.
﴿وَاقࣲ﴾: مانعٍ وعاصمٍ.
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۞ مَّثَلُ ٱلۡجَنَّةِ ٱلَّتِي وُعِدَ ٱلۡمُتَّقُونَۖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُۖ أُكُلُهَا دَآئِمٞ وَظِلُّهَاۚ تِلۡكَ عُقۡبَى ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَواْۚ وَّعُقۡبَى ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٱلنَّارُ ٣٥
The example [i.e., description] of Paradise, which the righteous have been promised, is [that] beneath it rivers flow. Its fruit is lasting, and its shade. That is the consequence for the righteous, and the consequence for the disbelievers is the Fire.
﴿أُكُلُهَا دَآئِمࣱ﴾: ثَمَرُها لا انقطاعَ لأنواعِه.
﴿وَظِلُّهَا﴾: دائمٌ لا يزولُ.
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وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُمُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ يَفۡرَحُونَ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَۖ وَمِنَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابِ مَن يُنكِرُ بَعۡضَهُۥۚ قُلۡ إِنَّمَآ أُمِرۡتُ أَنۡ أَعۡبُدَ ٱللَّهَ وَلَآ أُشۡرِكَ بِهِۦٓۚ إِلَيۡهِ أَدۡعُواْ وَإِلَيۡهِ مَـَٔابِ ٣٦
And [the believers among] those to whom We have given the [previous] Scripture rejoice at what has been revealed to you, [O Muḥammad], but among the [opposing] factions are those who deny part of it [i.e., the Qur’ān]. Say, "I have only been commanded to worship Allāh and not associate [anything] with Him. To Him I invite, and to Him is my return."
﴿ٱلۡكِتَـٰبَ﴾: التوراةَ والإنجيلَ.
﴿وَمِنَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابِ﴾: مَن تَحزَّبَ على الكفرِ من اليهودِ والنصارى.
﴿وَإِلَيۡهِ مَـَٔابِ﴾: مَرْجِعي إلى اللهِ وحدَه.
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وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَنزَلۡنَٰهُ حُكۡمًا عَرَبِيّٗاۚ وَلَئِنِ ٱتَّبَعۡتَ أَهۡوَآءَهُم بَعۡدَ مَا جَآءَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡعِلۡمِ مَا لَكَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ مِن وَلِيّٖ وَلَا وَاقٖ ٣٧
And thus We have revealed it as an Arabic legislation.1 And if you should follow their inclinations after what has come to you of knowledge, you would not have against Allāh any ally or any protector.
﴿وَكَذَ ٰلِكَ أَنزَلۡنَـٰهُ حُكۡمًا عَرَبِيࣰّا﴾: وكما أنزَلْنا الكتبَ على الأنبياءِ بلسانِهم، أنزَلْنا القرآنَ بلغةِ العربِ؛ لتَحْكُمَ به.
﴿وَلِيࣲّ﴾: ناصرٍ يَليِ أمْرَك، ويَدْفَعُ عنك.
13:38Page 254
وَلَقَدۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا رُسُلٗا مِّن قَبۡلِكَ وَجَعَلۡنَا لَهُمۡ أَزۡوَٰجٗا وَذُرِّيَّةٗۚ وَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُولٍ أَن يَأۡتِيَ بِـَٔايَةٍ إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۗ لِكُلِّ أَجَلٖ كِتَابٞ ٣٨
And We have already sent messengers before you and assigned to them wives and descendants. And it was not for a messenger to come with a sign except by permission of Allāh. For every term is a decree.
﴿بِـَٔايَةٍ﴾: مُعْجِزَةٍ دالَّةٍ على صِدْقِه.
﴿لِكُلِّ أَجَلࣲ كِتَابࣱ﴾: لكلِّ أمرٍ قضاه اللهُ كتابٌ وأجَلٌ كَتَبَه عنده، أو لكلِّ وقتٍ حُكْمٌ معيَّن يُكتَبُ على العباد.
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يَمۡحُواْ ٱللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُ وَيُثۡبِتُۖ وَعِندَهُۥٓ أُمُّ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ٣٩
Allāh eliminates what He wills or confirms, and with Him is the Mother of the Book.1
﴿وَيُثۡبِتُ﴾: يُبْقي ما يشاءُ من الأحكامِ وغيرِها وفْقَ حِكْمَتِه.
﴿أُمُّ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبِ﴾: أصلُه، وهو اللَّوحُ المحفوظُ الذي لا يَتغيَّرُ.
13:40Page 254
وَإِن مَّا نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعۡضَ ٱلَّذِي نَعِدُهُمۡ أَوۡ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيۡكَ ٱلۡبَلَٰغُ وَعَلَيۡنَا ٱلۡحِسَابُ ٤٠
And whether We show you part of what We promise them or take you in death, upon you is only the [duty of] notification, and upon Us is the account.
No commentary for this ayah
13:41Page 254
أَوَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاْ أَنَّا نَأۡتِي ٱلۡأَرۡضَ نَنقُصُهَا مِنۡ أَطۡرَافِهَاۚ وَٱللَّهُ يَحۡكُمُ لَا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكۡمِهِۦۚ وَهُوَ سَرِيعُ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ٤١
Have they not seen that We set upon the land, reducing it from its borders?1 And Allāh decides; there is no adjuster of His decision. And He is swift in account.
﴿نَنقُصُهَا مِنۡ أَطۡرَافِهَا﴾: نَفْتحُ أرضَ المشركين من جوانبِها، ونُلْحِقُها ببلادِ المسلمين.
﴿لَا مُعَقِّبَ لِحُكۡمِهِۦ﴾: لا رادَّ ولا مُبْطِلَ لحُكْمِه وقضائِه.
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وَقَدۡ مَكَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ فَلِلَّهِ ٱلۡمَكۡرُ جَمِيعٗاۖ يَعۡلَمُ مَا تَكۡسِبُ كُلُّ نَفۡسٖۗ وَسَيَعۡلَمُ ٱلۡكُفَّٰرُ لِمَنۡ عُقۡبَى ٱلدَّارِ ٤٢
And those before them had plotted, but to Allāh belongs the plan entirely. He knows what every soul earns, and the disbelievers will know for whom is the final home.
﴿مَكَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ﴾: احتالُوا في خُفْيةٍ للكيدِ مِن رُسُلِهم.
﴿فَلِلَّهِ ٱلۡمَكۡرُ جَمِيعࣰا﴾: لا يَلْتفِتُ إلى تدبيرِ غيرِه، فهو المُبطِلُ لمكْرِهم.
﴿عُقۡبَى ٱلدَّارِ﴾: العاقبةُ المحمودةُ في الآخرةِ.
13:43Page 255
وَيَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَسۡتَ مُرۡسَلٗاۚ قُلۡ كَفَىٰ بِٱللَّهِ شَهِيدَۢا بَيۡنِي وَبَيۡنَكُمۡ وَمَنۡ عِندَهُۥ عِلۡمُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ٤٣
And those who have disbelieved say, "You are not a messenger." Say, [O Muḥammad], "Sufficient is Allāh as Witness between me and you, and [the witness of] whoever has knowledge of the Scripture."1
﴿وَمَنۡ عِندَهُۥ عِلۡمُ ٱلۡكِتَـٰبِ﴾: وكَفَتْ شهادةُ علماءِ اليهودِ والنصارى ممَّن آمَنَ برسالتي.
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences