Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an · Tafsir · in Arabic
الجاثية
Al-Jathiyah
The Crouching · Meccan · 37 ayahs
﴿حمٓ﴾: سَبقَ الكلامُ على الحروف المقطَّعة أولَ سورة البقرة.
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تَنزِيلُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡحَكِيمِ ٢
The revelation of the Book is from Allāh, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
No commentary for this ayah
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إِنَّ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٣
Indeed, within the heavens and earth are signs for the believers.
No commentary for this ayah
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وَفِي خَلۡقِكُمۡ وَمَا يَبُثُّ مِن دَآبَّةٍ ءَايَٰتٞ لِّقَوۡمٖ يُوقِنُونَ ٤
And in the creation of yourselves and what He disperses of moving creatures are signs for people who are certain [in faith].
﴿وَمَا يَبُثُّ﴾: وما يَنْشُرُ ويُفَرِّقُ.
﴿دَآبَّةٍ﴾: ما يَدِبُّ عَلى الأرضِ غَيرَ الإنْسانِ.
﴿يُوقِنُونَ﴾: يَعْلَمُونَ حَقائِقَ الأَشْياءِ، فيُقِرُّونَ بِها.
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وَٱخۡتِلَٰفِ ٱلَّيۡلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ وَمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مِن رِّزۡقٖ فَأَحۡيَا بِهِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَا وَتَصۡرِيفِ ٱلرِّيَٰحِ ءَايَٰتٞ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَعۡقِلُونَ ٥
And [in] the alternation of night and day and [in] what Allāh sends down from the sky of provision [i.e., rain] and gives life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness and [in His] directing of the winds are signs for a people who reason.
﴿وَٱخۡتِلَـٰفِ ٱلَّيۡلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ﴾: تَعاقُبِهِما، أو تَفاوَتِهِما بالطُّولِ والقِصَرِ والظُّلْمَةِ والضِّياءِ.
﴿رِّزۡقࣲ﴾: مَطَرٍ يَكُونُ مِنهُ القُوتُ.
﴿وَتَصۡرِيفِ ٱلرِّيَـٰحِ﴾: تَبْدِيلِ اللهِ سبحانه وتعالى للرِّياحِ صُعُودًا ونُزُولًا، واخْتلِافِ جِهاتِ هُبُوبِها.
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تِلۡكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱللَّهِ نَتۡلُوهَا عَلَيۡكَ بِٱلۡحَقِّۖ فَبِأَيِّ حَدِيثِۭ بَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ وَءَايَٰتِهِۦ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٦
These are the verses of Allāh which We recite to you in truth. Then in what statement after Allāh and His verses will they believe?
No commentary for this ayah
﴿وَيۡلࣱ﴾: هَلاكٌ شَدِيدٌ.
﴿أَفَّاكٍ﴾: كَذّابٍ.
﴿أَثِيمࣲ﴾: كَثِيرِ الآثامِ.
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يَسۡمَعُ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِ ثُمَّ يُصِرُّ مُسۡتَكۡبِرٗا كَأَن لَّمۡ يَسۡمَعۡهَاۖ فَبَشِّرۡهُ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٖ ٨
Who hears the verses of Allāh recited to him, then persists arrogantly as if he had not heard them. So give him tidings of a painful punishment.
No commentary for this ayah
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وَإِذَا عَلِمَ مِنۡ ءَايَٰتِنَا شَيۡـًٔا ٱتَّخَذَهَا هُزُوًاۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ مُّهِينٞ ٩
And when he knows anything of Our verses, he takes them in ridicule. Those will have a humiliating punishment.
﴿هُزُوًا﴾: مَوْضِعَ سُخْرِيةٍ واسْتِخْفافٍ.
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مِّن وَرَآئِهِمۡ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَلَا يُغۡنِي عَنۡهُم مَّا كَسَبُواْ شَيۡـٔٗا وَلَا مَا ٱتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡلِيَآءَۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ ١٠
Before them1 is Hell, and what they had earned will not avail them at all nor what they had taken besides Allāh as allies. And they will have a great punishment.
﴿مِّن وَرَآئِهِمۡ﴾: من أمامِهم.
﴿وَلَا يُغۡنِي عَنۡهُم﴾: ولا يَنْفَعُهُم.
﴿أَوۡلِيَآءَ﴾: نُصَراءَ.
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هَٰذَا هُدٗىۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِ رَبِّهِمۡ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ مِّن رِّجۡزٍ أَلِيمٌ ١١
This [Qur’ān] is guidance. And those who have disbelieved in the verses of their Lord will have a painful punishment of foul nature.
﴿رِّجۡزٍ﴾: أسْوأِ العَذابِ.
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۞ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَكُمُ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ لِتَجۡرِيَ ٱلۡفُلۡكُ فِيهِ بِأَمۡرِهِۦ وَلِتَبۡتَغُواْ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ١٢
It is Allāh who subjected to you the sea so that ships may sail upon it by His command and that you may seek of His bounty; and perhaps you will be grateful.
﴿ٱلۡفُلۡكُ﴾: السُّفُنُ.
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وَسَخَّرَ لَكُم مَّا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗا مِّنۡهُۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ١٣
And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth - all from Him. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.
No commentary for this ayah
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قُل لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ يَغۡفِرُواْ لِلَّذِينَ لَا يَرۡجُونَ أَيَّامَ ٱللَّهِ لِيَجۡزِيَ قَوۡمَۢا بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ١٤
Say, [O Muḥammad], to those who have believed that they [should] forgive those who expect not the days of Allāh [i.e., of His retribution] so that He may recompense a people1 for what they used to earn.
﴿يَغۡفِرُواْ﴾: يَعْفُوا ويَتجاوَزُوا.
﴿لَا يَرۡجُونَ﴾: لا يَخافُونَ.
﴿أَيَّامَ ٱللَّهِ﴾: بأسَهُ ووَقائِعَه ونِقَمَهُ.
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مَنۡ عَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَلِنَفۡسِهِۦۖ وَمَنۡ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيۡهَاۖ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمۡ تُرۡجَعُونَ ١٥
Whoever does a good deed - it is for himself; and whoever does evil - it is against it [i.e., the self or soul]. Then to your Lord you will be returned.
﴿فَعَلَيۡهَا﴾: فَعَلى نَفْسِهِ جَنى.
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وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡحُكۡمَ وَٱلنُّبُوَّةَ وَرَزَقۡنَٰهُم مِّنَ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتِ وَفَضَّلۡنَٰهُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٦
And We did certainly give the Children of Israel the Scripture and judgement1 and prophethood, and We provided them with good things and preferred them over the worlds.
﴿ٱلۡكِتَـٰبَ﴾: التَّوْراةَ والإنْجِيلَ.
﴿وَٱلۡحُكۡمَ﴾: الفَهْمَ للكِتابِ والعِلْمَ بِالسُّنَنِ الَّتي لم تَنْزِلْ في الكِتابِ.
﴿ٱلۡعَـٰلَمِينَ﴾: عالمَي أهلِ زَمانِهِم.
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وَءَاتَيۡنَٰهُم بَيِّنَٰتٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِۖ فَمَا ٱخۡتَلَفُوٓاْ إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلۡعِلۡمُ بَغۡيَۢا بَيۡنَهُمۡۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقۡضِي بَيۡنَهُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ فِيمَا كَانُواْ فِيهِ يَخۡتَلِفُونَ ١٧
And We gave them clear proofs of the matter [of religion]. And they did not differ except after knowledge had come to them - out of jealous animosity between themselves. Indeed, your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that over which they used to differ.
﴿بَيِّنَـٰتࣲ﴾: دَلالاتٍ تُبَيِّنُ الحقَّ مِنَ الباطِلِ.
﴿ٱلۡعِلۡمُ﴾: الكتابُ والنُّبُوَّةُ والدَّلائِلُ الواضِحَةُ الَّتِي تُفَرِّقُ بين الحقِّ والباطِلِ.
﴿بَغۡيَۢا﴾: ظُلْمًا وحَسَدًا.
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ثُمَّ جَعَلۡنَٰكَ عَلَىٰ شَرِيعَةٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ فَٱتَّبِعۡهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ أَهۡوَآءَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٨
Then We put you, [O Muḥammad], on an ordained way concerning the matter [of religion]; so follow it and do not follow the inclinations of those who do not know.
﴿شَرِيعَةࣲ﴾: مِنهاجٍ واضِحٍ.
﴿مِّنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ﴾: مِن أمْرِ الدِّينِ.
﴿أَهۡوَآءَ﴾: ما تَمِيلُ نُفُوسُهُم إلَيهِ مِمّا يُخالِفُ شَرْعَ اللهِ.
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إِنَّهُمۡ لَن يُغۡنُواْ عَنكَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيۡـٔٗاۚ وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٖۖ وَٱللَّهُ وَلِيُّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١٩
Indeed, they will never avail you against Allāh at all. And indeed, the wrongdoers are allies of one another; but Allāh is the protector of the righteous.
﴿يُغۡنُواْ﴾: يَدْفَعُوا.
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هَٰذَا بَصَٰٓئِرُ لِلنَّاسِ وَهُدٗى وَرَحۡمَةٞ لِّقَوۡمٖ يُوقِنُونَ ٢٠
This [Qur’ān] is enlightenment for mankind and guidance and mercy for a people who are certain [in faith].
﴿بَصَـٰٓئِرُ﴾: جَمْعُ بصِيرةِ، وهي الحُجَّةُ فِيما يحتاجُونَ إليهِ مِنَ الأحْكامِ.
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أَمۡ حَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱجۡتَرَحُواْ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ أَن نَّجۡعَلَهُمۡ كَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ سَوَآءٗ مَّحۡيَاهُمۡ وَمَمَاتُهُمۡۚ سَآءَ مَا يَحۡكُمُونَ ٢١
Or do those who commit evils think We will make them like those who have believed and done righteous deeds - [make them] equal in their life and their death?1 Evil is that which they judge [i.e., assume].
﴿ٱجۡتَرَحُواْ﴾: اكْتَسَبُوا.
﴿سَوَآءࣰ مَّحۡيَاهُمۡ وَمَمَاتُهُمۡ﴾: مُسْتَويةً حالةُ حياتِهِم وحالاتُ موتِهِم.
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وَخَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلِتُجۡزَىٰ كُلُّ نَفۡسِۭ بِمَا كَسَبَتۡ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ٢٢
And Allāh created the heavens and earth in truth and so that every soul may be recompensed for what it has earned, and they will not be wronged.
No commentary for this ayah
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أَفَرَءَيۡتَ مَنِ ٱتَّخَذَ إِلَٰهَهُۥ هَوَىٰهُ وَأَضَلَّهُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ عِلۡمٖ وَخَتَمَ عَلَىٰ سَمۡعِهِۦ وَقَلۡبِهِۦ وَجَعَلَ عَلَىٰ بَصَرِهِۦ غِشَٰوَةٗ فَمَن يَهۡدِيهِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ٱللَّهِۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ ٢٣
Have you seen he who has taken as his god his [own] desire, and Allāh has sent him astray due to knowledge1 and has set a seal upon his hearing and his heart and put over his vision a veil? So who will guide him after Allāh? Then will you not be reminded?
﴿وَخَتَمَ عَلَىٰ سَمۡعِهِۦ﴾: وطَبَع عَلى سَمْعِهَ، فَلا يَسْمَعُ مَواعِظَ اللهِ.
﴿غِشَـٰوَةࣰ﴾: غِطاءً فَلا يَنْتَفِعُ بِبَصَرِهِ.
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وَقَالُواْ مَا هِيَ إِلَّا حَيَاتُنَا ٱلدُّنۡيَا نَمُوتُ وَنَحۡيَا وَمَا يُهۡلِكُنَآ إِلَّا ٱلدَّهۡرُۚ وَمَا لَهُم بِذَٰلِكَ مِنۡ عِلۡمٍۖ إِنۡ هُمۡ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ ٢٤
And they say, "There is not but our worldly life; we die and live,1 and nothing destroys us except time." And they have of that no knowledge; they are only assuming.
﴿ٱلدَّهۡرُ﴾: مُرورُ السِّنينَ والأَيّامِ.
﴿عِلۡمٍ﴾: يَقِينٍ بَلْ يَقُولُونَ ذَلكَ تَخَرُّصًا.
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وَإِذَا تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتُنَا بَيِّنَٰتٖ مَّا كَانَ حُجَّتَهُمۡ إِلَّآ أَن قَالُواْ ٱئۡتُواْ بِـَٔابَآئِنَآ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ٢٥
And when Our verses are recited to them as clear evidences, their argument is only that they say, "Bring [back] our forefathers, if you should be truthful."
No commentary for this ayah
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قُلِ ٱللَّهُ يُحۡيِيكُمۡ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمۡ ثُمَّ يَجۡمَعُكُمۡ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ لَا رَيۡبَ فِيهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٢٦
Say, "Allāh causes you to live, then causes you to die; then He will assemble you for the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt, but most of the people do not know."
No commentary for this ayah
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وَلِلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَيَوۡمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يَوۡمَئِذٖ يَخۡسَرُ ٱلۡمُبۡطِلُونَ ٢٧
And to Allāh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. And the Day the Hour appears - that Day the falsifiers will lose.
﴿ٱلۡمُبۡطِلُونَ﴾: الَّذِينَ أبْطَلُوا في دَعْواهُم للهِ شَرِيكًا.
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وَتَرَىٰ كُلَّ أُمَّةٖ جَاثِيَةٗۚ كُلُّ أُمَّةٖ تُدۡعَىٰٓ إِلَىٰ كِتَٰبِهَا ٱلۡيَوۡمَ تُجۡزَوۡنَ مَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ ٢٨
And you will see every nation kneeling [from fear]. Every nation will be called to its record [and told], "Today you will be recompensed for what you used to do.
﴿جَاثِيَةࣰ﴾: بارِكَةً عَلى الرُّكَبِ مُسْتَوفِزَةً.
﴿كِتَـٰبِهَا﴾: كِتابِ أعْمالِها.
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هَٰذَا كِتَٰبُنَا يَنطِقُ عَلَيۡكُم بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسۡتَنسِخُ مَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ ٢٩
This, Our record, speaks about you in truth. Indeed, We were having transcribed1 whatever you used to do."
﴿كِتَـٰبُنَا﴾: كِتابُ أعْمالِكُم الَّذِي دوَّنَتْهُ ملائِكَتِي.
﴿نَسۡتَنسِخُ﴾: نَأمُرُ الحَفَظَةَ أن تَكْتُبَ.
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فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فَيُدۡخِلُهُمۡ رَبُّهُمۡ فِي رَحۡمَتِهِۦۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡمُبِينُ ٣٠
So as for those who believed and did righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them into His mercy. That is what is the clear attainment.
No commentary for this ayah
45:31Page 501
وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ أَفَلَمۡ تَكُنۡ ءَايَٰتِي تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَٱسۡتَكۡبَرۡتُمۡ وَكُنتُمۡ قَوۡمٗا مُّجۡرِمِينَ ٣١
But as for those who disbelieved, [it will be said], "Were not Our verses recited to you, but you were arrogant and became a criminal people?
No commentary for this ayah
45:32Page 501
وَإِذَا قِيلَ إِنَّ وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقّٞ وَٱلسَّاعَةُ لَا رَيۡبَ فِيهَا قُلۡتُم مَّا نَدۡرِي مَا ٱلسَّاعَةُ إِن نَّظُنُّ إِلَّا ظَنّٗا وَمَا نَحۡنُ بِمُسۡتَيۡقِنِينَ ٣٢
And when it was said, 'Indeed, the promise of Allāh is truth and the Hour [is coming] - no doubt about it,' you said, 'We know not what is the Hour. We assume only assumption, and we are not convinced.'"
﴿بِمُسۡتَيۡقِنِينَ﴾: بِمُتَحَقِّقِينَ.
45:33Page 502
وَبَدَا لَهُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتُ مَا عَمِلُواْ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُواْ بِهِۦ يَسۡتَهۡزِءُونَ ٣٣
And the evil consequences of what they did will appear to them, and they will be enveloped by what they used to ridicule.
﴿وَبَدَا﴾: وظَهَرَ.
﴿وَحَاقَ﴾: ونَزَلَ وأَحاطَ.
45:34Page 502
وَقِيلَ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ نَنسَىٰكُمۡ كَمَا نَسِيتُمۡ لِقَآءَ يَوۡمِكُمۡ هَٰذَا وَمَأۡوَىٰكُمُ ٱلنَّارُ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن نَّٰصِرِينَ ٣٤
And it will be said, "Today We will forget you as you forgot the meeting of this Day of yours, and your refuge is the Fire, and for you there are no helpers.
﴿نَنسَىٰكُمۡ﴾: نَتْرُكُكُم في عَذابِ جَهَنَّمَ.
﴿وَمَأۡوَىٰكُمُ﴾: ومَسْكَنُكُم.
45:35Page 502
ذَٰلِكُم بِأَنَّكُمُ ٱتَّخَذۡتُمۡ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ هُزُوٗا وَغَرَّتۡكُمُ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنۡيَاۚ فَٱلۡيَوۡمَ لَا يُخۡرَجُونَ مِنۡهَا وَلَا هُمۡ يُسۡتَعۡتَبُونَ ٣٥
That is because you took the verses of Allāh in ridicule, and worldly life deluded you." So that Day they will not be removed from it, nor will they be asked to appease [Allāh].
﴿هُزُوࣰا﴾: مُسْتَهْزَأً بِها.
﴿وَغَرَّتۡكُمُ﴾: وخَدَعَتْكُم.
﴿لَا يُخۡرَجُونَ مِنۡهَا﴾: أي مِنَ النّارِ.
﴿يُسۡتَعۡتَبُونَ﴾: يُرْضِيهِم أحَدٌ بِتَمْكِينِهِم مِنَ التَّوبَةِ.
45:36Page 502
فَلِلَّهِ ٱلۡحَمۡدُ رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَرَبِّ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٣٦
Then, to Allāh belongs [all] praise - Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, Lord of the worlds.
No commentary for this ayah
45:37Page 502
وَلَهُ ٱلۡكِبۡرِيَآءُ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٣٧
And to Him belongs [all] grandeur within the heavens and the earth, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
﴿ٱلۡكِبۡرِيَآءُ﴾: السُّلطانُ والعَظَمَةُ.
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences