Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'anAli 'Imran · 3:96–186

Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an · Tafsir · in Arabic

Ali 'Imran 3:96–186

3:96Page 62

إِنَّ أَوَّلَ بَيۡتٖ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ لَلَّذِي بِبَكَّةَ مُبَارَكٗا وَهُدٗى لِّلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٩٦

Indeed, the first House [of worship] established for mankind was that at Bakkah [i.e., Makkah] - blessed and a guidance for the worlds.

﴿بِبَكَّةَ﴾: بمكةَ.

﴿مُبَارَكࣰا﴾: تُضاعَفُ فيه الحَسَناتُ.

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فِيهِ ءَايَٰتُۢ بَيِّنَٰتٞ مَّقَامُ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَۖ وَمَن دَخَلَهُۥ كَانَ ءَامِنٗاۗ وَلِلَّهِ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ حِجُّ ٱلۡبَيۡتِ مَنِ ٱسۡتَطَاعَ إِلَيۡهِ سَبِيلٗاۚ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ عَنِ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٩٧

In it are clear signs [such as] the standing place of Abraham. And whoever enters it [i.e., the Ḥaram] shall be safe. And [due] to Allāh from the people is a pilgrimage to the House - for whoever is able to find thereto a way. But whoever disbelieves [i.e., refuses] - then indeed, Allāh is free from need of the worlds.1

﴿ءَايَـٰتُۢ﴾: علاماتٌ.

﴿مَّقَامُ إِبۡرَ ٰ⁠هِيمَ﴾: وهو الحَجَرُ الذي كان يَقِفُ عليه حين كان يرفعُ القَواعدَ من البيت.

﴿سَبِيلࣰا﴾: سَعَةً.

﴿وَمَن كَفَرَ﴾: ومَن جَحَدَ وُجوبَه.

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قُلۡ يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لِمَ تَكۡفُرُونَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ عَلَىٰ مَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ٩٨

Say, "O People of the Scripture, why do you disbelieve in the verses of Allāh while Allāh is Witness over what you do?"

﴿لِمَ تَكۡفُرُونَ بِـَٔايَـٰتِ ٱللَّهِ﴾: لِمَ تُنْكِرُون ما في كتبِكم من دلائلَ على أن الدينَ هو الإسلامُ؟

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قُلۡ يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لِمَ تَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ مَنۡ ءَامَنَ تَبۡغُونَهَا عِوَجٗا وَأَنتُمۡ شُهَدَآءُۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ بِغَٰفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعۡمَلُونَ ٩٩

Say, "O People of the Scripture, why do you avert from the way of Allāh those who believe, seeking to make it [seem] deviant, while you are witnesses [to the truth]? And Allāh is not unaware of what you do."

﴿تَصُدُّونَ﴾: تمنعون.

﴿عِوَجࣰا﴾: مَيْلًا عن القصدِ، والاستقامةِ.

﴿شُهَدَآءُ﴾: عالِمُون أنّ ما جِئْتُ به هو الحقُّ.

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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِن تُطِيعُواْ فَرِيقٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ يَرُدُّوكُم بَعۡدَ إِيمَٰنِكُمۡ كَٰفِرِينَ ١٠٠

O you who have believed, if you obey a party of those who were given the Scripture, they would turn you back, after your belief, [to being] unbelievers.

﴿يَرُدُّوكُم بَعۡدَ إِيمَـٰنِكُمۡ كَـٰفِرِينَ﴾: يُلْقُوا إليكم الشُّبَهَ، فتَرْجِعُوا جاحِدِين للحقِّ.

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وَكَيۡفَ تَكۡفُرُونَ وَأَنتُمۡ تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡكُمۡ ءَايَٰتُ ٱللَّهِ وَفِيكُمۡ رَسُولُهُۥۗ وَمَن يَعۡتَصِم بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ هُدِيَ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ ١٠١

And how could you disbelieve while to you are being recited the verses of Allāh and among you is His Messenger? And whoever holds firmly to Allāh1 has [indeed] been guided to a straight path.

﴿ءَايَـٰتُ ٱللَّهِ﴾: القرآنُ الكريمُ.

﴿وَفِيكُمۡ رَسُولُهُۥ﴾: يُبَلِّغُها لكم، وهو حُجَّةٌ أخرى للهِ عليكم.

﴿يَعۡتَصِم بِٱللَّهِ﴾: يتمسَّكْ بدِينِه، وطاعتِه.

﴿هُدِيَ﴾: وُفِّقَ.

﴿صِرَ ٰ⁠طࣲ﴾: طريقٍ.

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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِۦ وَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنتُم مُّسۡلِمُونَ ١٠٢

O you who have believed, fear Allāh as He should be feared and do not die except as Muslims [in submission to Him].

﴿مُّسۡلِمُونَ﴾: مُذْعِنُون له بالطاعةِ.

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وَٱعۡتَصِمُواْ بِحَبۡلِ ٱللَّهِ جَمِيعٗا وَلَا تَفَرَّقُواْۚ وَٱذۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ إِذۡ كُنتُمۡ أَعۡدَآءٗ فَأَلَّفَ بَيۡنَ قُلُوبِكُمۡ فَأَصۡبَحۡتُم بِنِعۡمَتِهِۦٓ إِخۡوَٰنٗا وَكُنتُمۡ عَلَىٰ شَفَا حُفۡرَةٖ مِّنَ ٱلنَّارِ فَأَنقَذَكُم مِّنۡهَاۗ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَهۡتَدُونَ ١٠٣

And hold firmly to the rope1 of Allāh all together and do not become divided. And remember the favor of Allāh upon you - when you were enemies and He brought your hearts together and you became, by His favor, brothers. And you were on the edge of a pit of the Fire, and He saved you from it. Thus does Allāh make clear to you His verses that you may be guided.

﴿وَٱعۡتَصِمُواْ بِحَبۡلِ ٱللَّهِ﴾: وتمسَّكُوا بدينِ اللهِ.

﴿فَأَلَّفَ﴾: فجَمَعَ.

﴿إِخۡوَ ٰ⁠نࣰا﴾: مُتَحابِّين.

﴿شَفَا﴾: حافَةٍ وطَرفٍ.

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وَلۡتَكُن مِّنكُمۡ أُمَّةٞ يَدۡعُونَ إِلَى ٱلۡخَيۡرِ وَيَأۡمُرُونَ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَيَنۡهَوۡنَ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ١٠٤

And let there be [arising] from you a nation inviting to [all that is] good, enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong,1 and those will be the successful.

﴿أُمَّةࣱ﴾: جماعةٌ.

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وَلَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ تَفَرَّقُواْ وَٱخۡتَلَفُواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتُۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ ١٠٥

And do not be like the ones who became divided and differed after the clear proofs had come to them. And those will have a great punishment

﴿كَٱلَّذِينَ تَفَرَّقُواْ﴾: من أهلِ الكتابِ.

﴿ٱلۡبَيِّنَـٰتُ﴾: الحُجَجُ الواضحاتُ.

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يَوۡمَ تَبۡيَضُّ وُجُوهٞ وَتَسۡوَدُّ وُجُوهٞۚ فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡوَدَّتۡ وُجُوهُهُمۡ أَكَفَرۡتُم بَعۡدَ إِيمَٰنِكُمۡ فَذُوقُواْ ٱلۡعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَكۡفُرُونَ ١٠٦

On the Day [some] faces will turn white and [some] faces will turn black. As for those whose faces turn black, [to them it will be said], "Did you disbelieve [i.e., reject faith] after your belief? Then taste the punishment for what you used to reject."

﴿تَبۡيَضُّ وُجُوهࣱ﴾: هم أهلُ السَّعادَةِ.

﴿وَتَسۡوَدُّ وُجُوهࣱ﴾: هم أهلُ الشَّقاءِ.

﴿أَكَفَرۡتُم﴾: فُيقال لهم توبيخًا

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وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ٱبۡيَضَّتۡ وُجُوهُهُمۡ فَفِي رَحۡمَةِ ٱللَّهِۖ هُمۡ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ ١٠٧

But as for those whose faces turn white, [they will be] within the mercy of Allāh. They will abide therein eternally.

No commentary for this ayah

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تِلۡكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱللَّهِ نَتۡلُوهَا عَلَيۡكَ بِٱلۡحَقِّۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ظُلۡمٗا لِّلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٠٨

These are the verses of Allāh. We recite them to you, [O Muḥammad], in truth; and Allāh wants no injustice to the worlds [i.e., His creatures].

﴿بِٱلۡحَقِّ﴾: بالصِّدْقِ واليقينِ.

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وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ تُرۡجَعُ ٱلۡأُمُورُ ١٠٩

To Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And to Allāh will [all] matters be returned.

﴿تُرۡجَعُ ٱلۡأُمُورُ﴾: مَصِيرُ أمْرِ جميعِ الخَلْقِ، فيُجازي كُلًّا بما يستحِقُّ.

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كُنتُمۡ خَيۡرَ أُمَّةٍ أُخۡرِجَتۡ لِلنَّاسِ تَأۡمُرُونَ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَتَنۡهَوۡنَ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِ وَتُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِۗ وَلَوۡ ءَامَنَ أَهۡلُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَكَانَ خَيۡرٗا لَّهُمۚ مِّنۡهُمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ وَأَكۡثَرُهُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ١١٠

You are the best nation produced [as an example] for mankind. You enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and believe in Allāh. If only the People of the Scripture had believed, it would have been better for them. Among them are believers, but most of them are defiantly disobedient.

﴿كُنتُمۡ﴾: أنتم يا أمةَ محمدٍ ﷺ، على الشَّرْطِ المذكورِ.

﴿ٱلۡفَـٰسِقُونَ﴾: الخارِجُون عن دينِ اللهِ.

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لَن يَضُرُّوكُمۡ إِلَّآ أَذٗىۖ وَإِن يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ يُوَلُّوكُمُ ٱلۡأَدۡبَارَ ثُمَّ لَا يُنصَرُونَ ١١١

They will not harm you except for [some] annoyance. And if they fight you, they will show you their backs [i.e., retreat]; then they will not be aided.

﴿إِلَّآ أَذࣰى﴾: إلا ما يُؤْذِي أسماعَكم من الكَذِبِ على اللهِ والتحريفِ.

﴿يُوَلُّوكُمُ ٱلۡأَدۡبَارَ﴾: يُهْزَموا.

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ضُرِبَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلذِّلَّةُ أَيۡنَ مَا ثُقِفُوٓاْ إِلَّا بِحَبۡلٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَحَبۡلٖ مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَبَآءُو بِغَضَبٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَضُرِبَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡمَسۡكَنَةُۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ يَكۡفُرُونَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَيَقۡتُلُونَ ٱلۡأَنۢبِيَآءَ بِغَيۡرِ حَقّٖۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا عَصَواْ وَّكَانُواْ يَعۡتَدُونَ ١١٢

They have been put under humiliation [by Allāh] wherever they are overtaken, except for a rope [i.e., covenant] from Allāh and a rope [i.e., treaty] from the people [i.e., the Muslims].1 And they have drawn upon themselves anger from Allāh and have been put under destitution. That is because they disbelieved in [i.e., rejected] the verses of Allāh and killed the prophets without right. That is because they disobeyed and [habitually] transgressed.

﴿ٱلذِّلَّةُ﴾: الهَوانُ والصَّغارُ.

﴿ثُقِفُوٓاْ﴾: وُجِدُوا.

﴿إِلَّا بِحَبۡلࣲ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ﴾: إلا بعَهْدٍ من الله يأمَنُون به على أنفسِهم.

﴿وَحَبۡلࣲ مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ﴾: بذِمَّةٍ من الناسِ.

﴿وَبَآءُو﴾: واستحَقُّوا غَضَبَ اللهِ.

﴿ٱلۡمَسۡكَنَةُ﴾: ذُلُّ الفاقةِ والفقرِ.

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۞ لَيۡسُواْ سَوَآءٗۗ مِّنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ أُمَّةٞ قَآئِمَةٞ يَتۡلُونَ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ ءَانَآءَ ٱلَّيۡلِ وَهُمۡ يَسۡجُدُونَ ١١٣

They are not [all] the same; among the People of the Scripture is a community1 standing [in obedience], reciting the verses of Allāh during periods of the night and prostrating [in prayer].

﴿أُمَّةࣱ قَآئِمَةࣱ﴾: جماعةٌ ثابتةٌ على الحقِّ.

﴿ءَانَآءَ ٱلَّيۡلِ﴾: جَمْعُ إنى، وهي ساعاتُه.

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يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَيَأۡمُرُونَ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَيَنۡهَوۡنَ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِ وَيُسَٰرِعُونَ فِي ٱلۡخَيۡرَٰتِۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ ١١٤

They believe in Allāh and the Last Day, and they enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and hasten to good deeds. And those are among the righteous.

No commentary for this ayah

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وَمَا يَفۡعَلُواْ مِنۡ خَيۡرٖ فَلَن يُكۡفَرُوهُۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١١٥

And whatever good they do - never will it be denied them. And Allāh is Knowing of the righteous.

﴿فَلَن يُكۡفَرُوهُ﴾: فلن يُعْدَمُوا ثوابَه.

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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَن تُغۡنِيَ عَنۡهُمۡ أَمۡوَٰلُهُمۡ وَلَآ أَوۡلَٰدُهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيۡـٔٗاۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِۖ هُمۡ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ ١١٦

Indeed, those who disbelieve - never will their wealth or their children avail them against Allāh at all, and those are the companions of the Fire; they will abide therein eternally.

﴿لَن تُغۡنِيَ﴾: لن تَدْفَعَ عنهم.

﴿مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ﴾: من عذابِ اللهِ.

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مَثَلُ مَا يُنفِقُونَ فِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا كَمَثَلِ رِيحٖ فِيهَا صِرٌّ أَصَابَتۡ حَرۡثَ قَوۡمٖ ظَلَمُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ فَأَهۡلَكَتۡهُۚ وَمَا ظَلَمَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَلَٰكِنۡ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١١٧

The example of what they spend in this worldly life is like that of a wind containing frost which strikes the harvest of a people who have wronged themselves [i.e., sinned] and destroys it. And Allāh has not wronged them, but they wrong themselves.

﴿مَا يُنفِقُونَ﴾: في وجوهِ الخيرِ.

﴿صِرٌّ﴾: بَرْدٌ شديدٌ.

﴿أَصَابَتۡ حَرۡثَ قَوۡمࣲ﴾: هَبَّتْ علىَ زَرْعِ قومٍ كانوا يَرْجُون خيرَه. وكذلك إنفاقُ الكافرِ لا ينفَعُه.

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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ بِطَانَةٗ مِّن دُونِكُمۡ لَا يَأۡلُونَكُمۡ خَبَالٗا وَدُّواْ مَا عَنِتُّمۡ قَدۡ بَدَتِ ٱلۡبَغۡضَآءُ مِنۡ أَفۡوَٰهِهِمۡ وَمَا تُخۡفِي صُدُورُهُمۡ أَكۡبَرُۚ قَدۡ بَيَّنَّا لَكُمُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِۖ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡقِلُونَ ١١٨

O you who have believed, do not take as intimates those other than yourselves [i.e., believers], for they will not spare you [any] ruin. They wish you would have hardship. Hatred has already appeared from their mouths, and what their breasts conceal is greater. We have certainly made clear to you the signs, if you will use reason.

﴿بِطَانَةࣰ مِّن دُونِكُمۡ﴾: أصفياءَ مِن دونِ المؤمنين، تُطْلِعُونَهم على أسرارِكم.

﴿لَا يَأۡلُونَكُمۡ خَبَالࣰا﴾: لا يُقَصِّرُون في إفسادِ حالِكم.

﴿مَا عَنِتُّمۡ﴾: مَشَقَّتَكم.

﴿ٱلۡـَٔايَـٰتِ﴾:: الحُجَجَ.

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هَٰٓأَنتُمۡ أُوْلَآءِ تُحِبُّونَهُمۡ وَلَا يُحِبُّونَكُمۡ وَتُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡكِتَٰبِ كُلِّهِۦ وَإِذَا لَقُوكُمۡ قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَإِذَا خَلَوۡاْ عَضُّواْ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡأَنَامِلَ مِنَ ٱلۡغَيۡظِۚ قُلۡ مُوتُواْ بِغَيۡظِكُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ١١٩

Here you are loving them but they are not loving you, while you believe in the Scripture - all of it.1 And when they meet you, they say, "We believe." But when they are alone, they bite their fingertips at you in rage. Say, "Die in your rage. Indeed, Allāh is Knowing of that within the breasts."

﴿وَتُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡكِتَـٰبِ كُلِّهِۦ﴾: وتؤمنون بالكُتُبِ المنَّزلَةِ كلها، وهم لا يُؤمنون بكتابِكم.

﴿مِنَ ٱلۡغَيۡظِ﴾: من شِدَّةِ الغَضَبِ.

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إِن تَمۡسَسۡكُمۡ حَسَنَةٞ تَسُؤۡهُمۡ وَإِن تُصِبۡكُمۡ سَيِّئَةٞ يَفۡرَحُواْ بِهَاۖ وَإِن تَصۡبِرُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ لَا يَضُرُّكُمۡ كَيۡدُهُمۡ شَيۡـًٔاۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا يَعۡمَلُونَ مُحِيطٞ ١٢٠

If good touches you, it distresses them; but if harm strikes you, they rejoice at it. And if you are patient and fear Allāh, their plot will not harm you at all. Indeed, Allāh is encompassing of what they do.

﴿كَيۡدُهُمۡ﴾: أذى مَكْرِهم.

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وَإِذۡ غَدَوۡتَ مِنۡ أَهۡلِكَ تُبَوِّئُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ مَقَٰعِدَ لِلۡقِتَالِۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ ١٢١

And [remember] when you, [O Muḥammad], left your family in the morning to post the believers at their stations for the battle [of Uḥud] - and Allāh is Hearing and Knowing -

﴿غَدَوۡتَ مِنۡ أَهۡلِكَ﴾: خَرَجْتَ من بيتِك يومَ أُحُدٍ.

﴿تُبَوِّئُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ﴾: تَتَّخِذُ لهم.

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إِذۡ هَمَّت طَّآئِفَتَانِ مِنكُمۡ أَن تَفۡشَلَا وَٱللَّهُ وَلِيُّهُمَاۗ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٢٢

When two parties among you were about to lose courage, but Allāh was their ally; and upon Allāh the believers should rely.

﴿طَّآئِفَتَانِ﴾: هما بنو سَلِمَةَ وبنو حارثةَ، حَدَّثَتْهم أنفسُهم يومَ أُحُدٍ بالرُّجوعِ عن لقاءِ العدوِّ، ولكنَّ اللهَ عَصَمَهم.

﴿تَفۡشَلَا﴾: تَجْبُنا.

﴿وَلِيُّهُمَا﴾: الدافعُ عنهما الضَّعْفَ.

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وَلَقَدۡ نَصَرَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِبَدۡرٖ وَأَنتُمۡ أَذِلَّةٞۖ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ١٢٣

And already had Allāh given you victory at [the battle of] Badr while you were weak [i.e., few in number]. Then fear Allāh; perhaps you will be grateful.

﴿أَذِلَّةࣱ﴾: قليلو العَدَدِ والعُدَّةِ.

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إِذۡ تَقُولُ لِلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ أَلَن يَكۡفِيَكُمۡ أَن يُمِدَّكُمۡ رَبُّكُم بِثَلَٰثَةِ ءَالَٰفٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ مُنزَلِينَ ١٢٤

[Remember] when you said to the believers, "Is it not sufficient for you that your Lord should reinforce you with three thousand angels sent down?

﴿مُنزَلِينَ﴾: من السماءِ يُقاتِلون معكم.

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بَلَىٰٓۚ إِن تَصۡبِرُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ وَيَأۡتُوكُم مِّن فَوۡرِهِمۡ هَٰذَا يُمۡدِدۡكُمۡ رَبُّكُم بِخَمۡسَةِ ءَالَٰفٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ مُسَوِّمِينَ ١٢٥

Yes, if you remain patient and conscious of Allāh and they [i.e., the enemy] come upon you [attacking] in rage, your Lord will reinforce you with five thousand angels having marks [of distinction]."

﴿وَيَأۡتُوكُم﴾: ويأتي كفارُ مكةَ لقتالِكم.

﴿مِّن فَوۡرِهِمۡ هَـٰذَا﴾: مِن ساعَتِهم هذه.

﴿مُسَوِّمِينَ﴾: مُعْلِمِين أنفسَهم بعلاماتٍ واضِحاتٍ.

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وَمَا جَعَلَهُ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بُشۡرَىٰ لَكُمۡ وَلِتَطۡمَئِنَّ قُلُوبُكُم بِهِۦۗ وَمَا ٱلنَّصۡرُ إِلَّا مِنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡحَكِيمِ ١٢٦

And Allāh made it not except as [a sign of] good tidings for you and to reassure your hearts thereby. And victory is not except from Allāh, the Exalted in Might, the Wise -

﴿وَمَا جَعَلَهُ﴾: وما جَعَلَ هذا الإمدادَ بالملائكةِ.

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لِيَقۡطَعَ طَرَفٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ أَوۡ يَكۡبِتَهُمۡ فَيَنقَلِبُواْ خَآئِبِينَ ١٢٧

That He might cut down a section of the disbelievers or suppress them so that they turn back disappointed.

﴿لِيَقۡطَعَ طَرَفࣰا﴾: ليُهلِكَ فريقًامن الكفّارِ بالقَتْلِ.

﴿أَوۡ يَكۡبِتَهُمۡ﴾: أو يُغِيظَهم، ويُحْزِنَهم.

﴿فَيَنقَلِبُواْ خَآئِبِينَ﴾: فيعودُوا غيرَ ظافِرين بمَطْلَبِهم.

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لَيۡسَ لَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ شَيۡءٌ أَوۡ يَتُوبَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ أَوۡ يُعَذِّبَهُمۡ فَإِنَّهُمۡ ظَٰلِمُونَ ١٢٨

Not for you, [O Muḥammad, but for Allāh], is the decision whether He should [cut them down] or forgive them or punish them, for indeed, they are wrongdoers.

No commentary for this ayah

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وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ يَغۡفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ١٢٩

And to Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills. And Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

No commentary for this ayah

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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَأۡكُلُواْ ٱلرِّبَوٰٓاْ أَضۡعَٰفٗا مُّضَٰعَفَةٗۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ ١٣٠

O you who have believed, do not consume usury, doubled and multiplied, but fear Allāh that you may be successful.

﴿أَضۡعَـٰفࣰا مُّضَـٰعَفَةࣰ﴾: كانوا في الجاهليةِ إذا حانَ موعِدُ السَّدادِ يقولُ المقترضُ: أخِّرْ عني، وأَزِيدُك.

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وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱلنَّارَ ٱلَّتِيٓ أُعِدَّتۡ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٣١

And fear the Fire, which has been prepared for the disbelievers.

No commentary for this ayah

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وَأَطِيعُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَٱلرَّسُولَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُرۡحَمُونَ ١٣٢

And obey Allāh and the Messenger that you may obtain mercy.

No commentary for this ayah

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۞ وَسَارِعُوٓاْ إِلَىٰ مَغۡفِرَةٖ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ وَجَنَّةٍ عَرۡضُهَا ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتُ وَٱلۡأَرۡضُ أُعِدَّتۡ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١٣٣

And hasten to forgiveness from your Lord and a garden [i.e., Paradise] as wide as the heavens and earth, prepared for the righteous

No commentary for this ayah

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ٱلَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ فِي ٱلسَّرَّآءِ وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ وَٱلۡكَٰظِمِينَ ٱلۡغَيۡظَ وَٱلۡعَافِينَ عَنِ ٱلنَّاسِۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٣٤

Who spend [in the cause of Allāh] during ease and hardship and who restrain anger and who pardon the people - and Allāh loves the doers of good;

﴿ٱلسَّرَّآءِ﴾: في اليُسْرِ وسَعَةِ العيشِ.

﴿وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ﴾: الضِّيقِ والشدةِ.

﴿وَٱلۡكَـٰظِمِينَ﴾: الذين يُمْسِكون مافي أنفسِهم من الغيظِ بالصبر.

﴿وَٱلۡعَافِينَ﴾: والذين يَصْفَحُون عمَّن ظَلَمَهم.

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وَٱلَّذِينَ إِذَا فَعَلُواْ فَٰحِشَةً أَوۡ ظَلَمُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ ذَكَرُواْ ٱللَّهَ فَٱسۡتَغۡفَرُواْ لِذُنُوبِهِمۡ وَمَن يَغۡفِرُ ٱلذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا ٱللَّهُ وَلَمۡ يُصِرُّواْ عَلَىٰ مَا فَعَلُواْ وَهُمۡ يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٣٥

And those who, when they commit an immorality or wrong themselves [by transgression], remember Allāh and seek forgiveness for their sins - and who can forgive sins except Allāh? - and [who] do not persist in what they have done while they know.

﴿فَـٰحِشَةً﴾: هي الفعْلَةُ القبيحةُ الخارجةُ عَمّا أذِنَ اللهُ.

﴿ظَلَمُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ﴾: بارتكابِ مادونَ الفاحشةِ.

﴿ذَكَرُواْ ٱللَّهَ﴾: ذكَروا وعيدَه على المعصية.

﴿وَلَمۡ يُصِرُّواْ﴾: ولم يَثْبُتوا على ما أتَوا من الذُّنوبِ.

﴿وَهُمۡ يَعۡلَمُونَ﴾: قُبْحَه.

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أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ جَزَآؤُهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّهِمۡ وَجَنَّٰتٞ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۚ وَنِعۡمَ أَجۡرُ ٱلۡعَٰمِلِينَ ١٣٦

Those - their reward is forgiveness from their Lord and gardens beneath which rivers flow [in Paradise], wherein they will abide eternally; and excellent is the reward of the [righteous] workers.

﴿أَجۡرُ ٱلۡعَـٰمِلِينَ﴾: ثوابُ المطيعين.

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قَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ سُنَنٞ فَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلۡمُكَذِّبِينَ ١٣٧

Similar situations [as yours] have passed on before you, so proceed throughout the earth and observe how was the end of those who denied.

﴿خَلَتۡ﴾: مضَتْ.

﴿سُنَنࣱ﴾: ماسَنَّه اللهُ في الأممِ المكذِّبة والسُّنَّةُ: المثالُ المُتَّبَعُ.

﴿عَـٰقِبَةُ ٱلۡمُكَذِّبِينَ﴾: قد أُمْهِلُ المكذِّبين وأسْتَدْرِجُهم إلى أجَلٍ، ثم أُحِلُّ بهم عُقوبتي، وهذا ماحدَث مع المشركين يومَ أُحُدٍ.

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هَٰذَا بَيَانٞ لِّلنَّاسِ وَهُدٗى وَمَوۡعِظَةٞ لِّلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١٣٨

This [Qur’ān] is a clear statement to [all] the people and a guidance and instruction for those conscious of Allāh.

﴿هَـٰذَا﴾: الذي أوضَحْتُه لكم بما تَقَدَّم أو القرآنُ.

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وَلَا تَهِنُواْ وَلَا تَحۡزَنُواْ وَأَنتُمُ ٱلۡأَعۡلَوۡنَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١٣٩

So do not weaken and do not grieve, and you will be superior if you are [true] believers.

﴿وَلَا تَهِنُواْ﴾: ولا تضْعُفُوا بالذي نالَكم يومَ أُحُدٍ.

﴿ٱلۡأَعۡلَوۡنَ﴾: الغالِبُون على عَدُوِّكم بالنصرِ.

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إِن يَمۡسَسۡكُمۡ قَرۡحٞ فَقَدۡ مَسَّ ٱلۡقَوۡمَ قَرۡحٞ مِّثۡلُهُۥۚ وَتِلۡكَ ٱلۡأَيَّامُ نُدَاوِلُهَا بَيۡنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَلِيَعۡلَمَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَيَتَّخِذَ مِنكُمۡ شُهَدَآءَۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٤٠

If a wound should touch you - there has already touched the [opposing] people a wound similar to it. And these days [of varying conditions] We alternate among the people so that Allāh may make evident those who believe and [may] take to Himself from among you martyrs - and Allāh does not like the wrongdoers -

﴿قَرۡحࣱ﴾: جِراْحٌ وقَتْلٌ يومَ أُحُد.

﴿مِّثۡلُهُۥ﴾: يومَ بدرٍ.

﴿نُدَاوِلُهَا﴾: يُصَرِّفُها اللهُ، فيظفَرُ المؤمنُ بالكافر، والكافرُ بالمؤمن.

﴿وَيَتَّخِذَ مِنكُمۡ شُهَدَآءَ﴾: ويُكَرِّمَ أقوامًا بالشهادةِ.

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وَلِيُمَحِّصَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَيَمۡحَقَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٤١

And that Allāh may purify the believers [through trials] and destroy the disbelievers.

﴿وَلِيُمَحِّصَ﴾: ولِيَخْتبرَ.

﴿وَيَمۡحَقَ﴾: ويُهْلِكَهم.

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أَمۡ حَسِبۡتُمۡ أَن تَدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ وَلَمَّا يَعۡلَمِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ جَٰهَدُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَيَعۡلَمَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ١٤٢

Or do you think that you will enter Paradise while Allāh has not yet made evident those of you who fight in His cause and made evident those who are steadfast?

﴿وَلَمَّا يَعۡلَمِ﴾: أي: عِلْمًا ظاهرًا للخَلْقِ.

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وَلَقَدۡ كُنتُمۡ تَمَنَّوۡنَ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن تَلۡقَوۡهُ فَقَدۡ رَأَيۡتُمُوهُ وَأَنتُمۡ تَنظُرُونَ ١٤٣

And you had certainly wished for death [i.e., martyrdom] before you encountered it, and you have [now] seen it [before you] while you were looking on.

﴿ٱلۡمَوۡتَ﴾: أسبابَه. وكان قومٌ من الصَّحابة مِمَّنْ لم يَشْهدوا بدرًا تمنَّوا أن يجاهِدُوا.

﴿فَقَدۡ رَأَيۡتُمُوهُ﴾: حَصَلَ ذلك يومَ أُحُدٍ، ولكن فَرَّ بعضُهم، وصَبَر بعضُهم.

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وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٞ قَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِن قَبۡلِهِ ٱلرُّسُلُۚ أَفَإِيْن مَّاتَ أَوۡ قُتِلَ ٱنقَلَبۡتُمۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَعۡقَٰبِكُمۡۚ وَمَن يَنقَلِبۡ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيۡهِ فَلَن يَضُرَّ ٱللَّهَ شَيۡـٔٗاۚ وَسَيَجۡزِي ٱللَّهُ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ ١٤٤

Muḥammad is not but a messenger. [Other] messengers have passed on before him. So if he was to die or be killed, would you turn back on your heels [to unbelief]? And he who turns back on his heels will never harm Allāh at all; but Allāh will reward the grateful.

﴿خَلَتۡ﴾: مَضَتْ، فسوف يَقْبِضُه اللهُ إليه عند انقضاءِ أجَلِه.

﴿ٱنقَلَبۡتُمۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَعۡقَـٰبِكُمۡ﴾: ارتَددْتُم عن دينِكم.

﴿فَلَن يَضُرَّ ٱللَّهَ﴾: فلن يُوهِنَ ذلك عزةَ اللهِ ولا سُلطانَه، وإنما يَضُرُّ نفسَه.

﴿ٱلشَّـٰكِرِينَ﴾: على نِعْمَةِ الإسلامِ، الثابتين على دينِهم.

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وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفۡسٍ أَن تَمُوتَ إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ كِتَٰبٗا مُّؤَجَّلٗاۗ وَمَن يُرِدۡ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا نُؤۡتِهِۦ مِنۡهَا وَمَن يُرِدۡ ثَوَابَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ نُؤۡتِهِۦ مِنۡهَاۚ وَسَنَجۡزِي ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ ١٤٥

And it is not [possible] for one to die except by permission of Allāh at a decree determined. And whoever desires the reward of this world - We will give him thereof; and whoever desires the reward of the Hereafter - We will give him thereof. And We will reward the grateful.

﴿بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ﴾: بقَدَرِه حتى يَسْتوفيَ مُدَّتَه.

﴿كِتَـٰبࣰا﴾: كَتَبَ اللهُ ذلك كتابًا.

﴿مُّؤَجَّلࣰا﴾: مؤقتًا لا يتقدَّمُ على أجَلهِ ولا يتأخَّرُ.

﴿نُؤۡتِهِۦ مِنۡهَا﴾: أي: ما قُسِم له فيها من رزقٍ.

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وَكَأَيِّن مِّن نَّبِيّٖ قَٰتَلَ مَعَهُۥ رِبِّيُّونَ كَثِيرٞ فَمَا وَهَنُواْ لِمَآ أَصَابَهُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَا ضَعُفُواْ وَمَا ٱسۡتَكَانُواْۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ١٤٦

And how many a prophet [fought in battle and] with him fought many religious scholars. But they never lost assurance due to what afflicted them in the cause of Allāh, nor did they weaken or submit. And Allāh loves the steadfast.

﴿وَكَأَيِّن﴾: كثيرٌ.

﴿رِبِّيُّونَ كَثِيرࣱ﴾: جموعٌ كثيرةٌ من أصحابِهم، أو علماءُ.

﴿وَهَنُواْ﴾: ضَعُفُوا.

﴿وَمَا ٱسۡتَكَانُواْ﴾: ما ذَلُّوا لعَدُوِّهم.

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وَمَا كَانَ قَوۡلَهُمۡ إِلَّآ أَن قَالُواْ رَبَّنَا ٱغۡفِرۡ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا وَإِسۡرَافَنَا فِيٓ أَمۡرِنَا وَثَبِّتۡ أَقۡدَامَنَا وَٱنصُرۡنَا عَلَى ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٤٧

And their words were not but that they said, "Our Lord, forgive us our sins and the excess [committed] in our affairs and plant firmly our feet and give us victory over the disbelieving people."

﴿وَإِسۡرَافَنَا﴾: من الذُّنوبِ الكَبائرِ.

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فَـَٔاتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَحُسۡنَ ثَوَابِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٤٨

So Allāh gave them the reward of this world and the good reward of the Hereafter. And Allāh loves the doers of good.

﴿ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا﴾: بالنصر، والتمكينِ في الأرض.

﴿وَحُسۡنَ ثَوَابِ ٱلۡـَٔاخِرَةِ﴾: وخيرَ جزاءِ الآخرةِ.

﴿وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ﴾: مَن أحسنَ عبادتَه لربِّه.

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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِن تُطِيعُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ يَرُدُّوكُمۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَعۡقَٰبِكُمۡ فَتَنقَلِبُواْ خَٰسِرِينَ ١٤٩

O you who have believed, if you obey those who disbelieve, they will turn you back on your heels, and you will [then] become losers.

﴿يَرُدُّوكُمۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَعۡقَـٰبِكُمۡ﴾: يُضِلُّوكم عن طريقِ الحقِّ.

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بَلِ ٱللَّهُ مَوۡلَىٰكُمۡۖ وَهُوَ خَيۡرُ ٱلنَّٰصِرِينَ ١٥٠

But Allāh is your protector, and He is the best of helpers.

﴿مَوۡلَىٰكُمۡ﴾: ناصِرُكم.

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سَنُلۡقِي فِي قُلُوبِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱلرُّعۡبَ بِمَآ أَشۡرَكُواْ بِٱللَّهِ مَا لَمۡ يُنَزِّلۡ بِهِۦ سُلۡطَٰنٗاۖ وَمَأۡوَىٰهُمُ ٱلنَّارُۖ وَبِئۡسَ مَثۡوَى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٥١

We will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve for what they have associated with Allāh of which He had not sent down [any] authority.1 And their refuge will be the Fire, and wretched is the residence of the wrongdoers.

﴿سَنُلۡقِي فِي قُلُوبِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱلرُّعۡبَ﴾: لأنّ المشركين عَزَمُوا على استئصالِ المسلمين بعد أُحُدٍ، ولكنَّ اللهَ قَذَفَ فيهم الرُّعْبَ، فرجَعوا عَمّا هَمُّوا به.

﴿سُلۡطَـٰنࣰا﴾: دليلًا على استحقاقِها العبادةَ.

﴿مَثۡوَى﴾: مكانُ الإقامةِ.

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وَلَقَدۡ صَدَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَعۡدَهُۥٓ إِذۡ تَحُسُّونَهُم بِإِذۡنِهِۦۖ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا فَشِلۡتُمۡ وَتَنَٰزَعۡتُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَمۡرِ وَعَصَيۡتُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ مَآ أَرَىٰكُم مَّا تُحِبُّونَۚ مِنكُم مَّن يُرِيدُ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَمِنكُم مَّن يُرِيدُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةَۚ ثُمَّ صَرَفَكُمۡ عَنۡهُمۡ لِيَبۡتَلِيَكُمۡۖ وَلَقَدۡ عَفَا عَنكُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ ذُو فَضۡلٍ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٥٢

And Allāh had certainly fulfilled His promise to you when you were killing them [i.e., the enemy] by His permission until [the time] when you lost courage and fell to disputing about the order [given by the Prophet (ﷺ)] and disobeyed after He had shown you that which you love.1 Among you are some who desire this world, and among you are some who desire the Hereafter. Then He turned you back from them [defeated] that He might test you. And He has already forgiven you, and Allāh is the possessor of bounty for the believers.

﴿صَدَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَعۡدَهُۥٓ﴾: حَقَّقَ ما وعَدَكم مِن نَصْرٍ في أُحُدٍ قبلَ تَرْكِ الرُّماةِ مقاعِدَهم.

﴿تَحُسُّونَهُم﴾: تستأصِلُونهم بالقَتْلِ.

﴿فَشِلۡتُمۡ﴾: جَبُنتم. وجواب «إذا» مقدرٌ: امتُحِنْتُم.

﴿وَتَنَـٰزَعۡتُمۡ﴾: اختلَفْتم: هل تَبْقَون في مَواقِعِكم، أو تتركونها للغَنائم؟

﴿صَرَفَكُمۡ﴾: رَدَّكم عنهم بالهزيمةِ.

﴿لِيَبۡتَلِيَكُمۡ﴾: ليَخْتَبِرَكم.

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۞ إِذۡ تُصۡعِدُونَ وَلَا تَلۡوُۥنَ عَلَىٰٓ أَحَدٖ وَٱلرَّسُولُ يَدۡعُوكُمۡ فِيٓ أُخۡرَىٰكُمۡ فَأَثَٰبَكُمۡ غَمَّۢا بِغَمّٖ لِّكَيۡلَا تَحۡزَنُواْ عَلَىٰ مَا فَاتَكُمۡ وَلَا مَآ أَصَٰبَكُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٥٣

[Remember] when you [fled and] climbed [the mountain] without looking aside at anyone while the Messenger was calling you from behind. So Allāh repaid you with distress upon distress so you would not grieve for that which had escaped you [of victory and spoils of war] or [for] that which had befallen you [of injury and death]. And Allāh is [fully] Aware of what you do.

﴿تُصۡعِدُونَ﴾: تَسِيرون في مستوى الأرضِ وبُطونِ الأوديةِ هاربين.

﴿وَلَا تَلۡوُۥنَ﴾: لاتَلْتَفِتُون إلى أحَدٍ.

﴿فِيٓ أُخۡرَىٰكُمۡ﴾: في الطائفةِ المتأخرةِ.

﴿فَأَثَـٰبَكُمۡ﴾: فجازاكم.

﴿غَمَّۢا بِغَمࣲّ﴾: الغَمُّ الأولُ ما أُشيعَ من قَتْل الرسولِ ﷺ، والثاني: ما نالهم من القَتْلِ والجِراحِ.

﴿عَلَىٰ مَا فَاتَكُمۡ﴾: من نَصْرٍ وغنيمةٍ. وفَعَلَ بكم ذلك تدريبًا لاحتمالِ الشدائدِ.

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ثُمَّ أَنزَلَ عَلَيۡكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ ٱلۡغَمِّ أَمَنَةٗ نُّعَاسٗا يَغۡشَىٰ طَآئِفَةٗ مِّنكُمۡۖ وَطَآئِفَةٞ قَدۡ أَهَمَّتۡهُمۡ أَنفُسُهُمۡ يَظُنُّونَ بِٱللَّهِ غَيۡرَ ٱلۡحَقِّ ظَنَّ ٱلۡجَٰهِلِيَّةِۖ يَقُولُونَ هَل لَّنَا مِنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ مِن شَيۡءٖۗ قُلۡ إِنَّ ٱلۡأَمۡرَ كُلَّهُۥ لِلَّهِۗ يُخۡفُونَ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِم مَّا لَا يُبۡدُونَ لَكَۖ يَقُولُونَ لَوۡ كَانَ لَنَا مِنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ شَيۡءٞ مَّا قُتِلۡنَا هَٰهُنَاۗ قُل لَّوۡ كُنتُمۡ فِي بُيُوتِكُمۡ لَبَرَزَ ٱلَّذِينَ كُتِبَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡقَتۡلُ إِلَىٰ مَضَاجِعِهِمۡۖ وَلِيَبۡتَلِيَ ٱللَّهُ مَا فِي صُدُورِكُمۡ وَلِيُمَحِّصَ مَا فِي قُلُوبِكُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ١٥٤

Then after distress, He sent down upon you security [in the form of] drowsiness, overcoming a faction of you, while another faction worried about themselves, thinking of Allāh other than the truth - the thought of ignorance, saying, "Is there anything for us [to have done] in this matter?" Say, "Indeed, the matter belongs completely to Allāh." They conceal within themselves what they will not reveal to you. They say, "If there was anything we could have done in the matter, we [i.e., some of us] would not have been killed right here." Say, "Even if you had been inside your houses, those decreed to be killed would have come out to their death beds." [It was] so that Allāh might test what is in your breasts and purify what is in your hearts. And Allāh is Knowing of that within the breasts.

﴿أَمَنَةࣰ﴾: أمانًا.

﴿طَآئِفَةࣰ مِّنكُمۡ﴾: هم أهلُ الإخلاصِ.

﴿أَهَمَّتۡهُمۡ أَنفُسُهُمۡ﴾: خَلاصُ أنفسِهم من القَتْلِ، وهم المنافقون.

﴿ظَنَّ ٱلۡجَـٰهِلِيَّةِ﴾: بأنّ الإسلامَ لن تقومَ له قائمةٌ.

﴿هَل لَّنَا مِنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ مِن شَيۡءࣲ﴾: هل كان لنا من اختيارٍ في الخروجِ للقتالِ؟

﴿يُخۡفُونَ﴾: من الحَسْرةِ على خروجِهم للقتالِ.

﴿إِلَىٰ مَضَاجِعِهِمۡ﴾: إلى المواضع التي كُتِبَ عليهم أنْ يُقْتَلَوا فيها.

﴿مَا فِي صُدُورِكُمۡ﴾: من الشَّكِّ، والنفاق.

﴿وَلِيُمَحِّصَ﴾: ليمِيزَ الخبيثَ من الطَّيِّبِ.

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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوۡاْ مِنكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِ إِنَّمَا ٱسۡتَزَلَّهُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ بِبَعۡضِ مَا كَسَبُواْۖ وَلَقَدۡ عَفَا ٱللَّهُ عَنۡهُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٞ ١٥٥

Indeed, those of you who turned back on the day the two armies met [at Uḥud] - it was Satan who caused them to slip because of some [blame] they had earned. But Allāh has already forgiven them. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Forbearing.

﴿تَوَلَّوۡاْ﴾: فَرُّوا.

﴿ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِ﴾: أي: يومَ أُحُدٍ، والجَمْعان: المؤمنون، والمشركون.

﴿ٱسۡتَزَلَّهُمُ﴾: أوْقَعَهم.

﴿مَا كَسَبُواْ﴾: من الذُّنوبِ.

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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَقَالُواْ لِإِخۡوَٰنِهِمۡ إِذَا ضَرَبُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أَوۡ كَانُواْ غُزّٗى لَّوۡ كَانُواْ عِندَنَا مَا مَاتُواْ وَمَا قُتِلُواْ لِيَجۡعَلَ ٱللَّهُ ذَٰلِكَ حَسۡرَةٗ فِي قُلُوبِهِمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحۡيِۦ وَيُمِيتُۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ١٥٦

O you who have believed, do not be like those who disbelieved and said about their brothers when they traveled through the land or went out to fight, "If they had been with us, they would not have died or have been killed," so Allāh makes that [misconception] a regret within their hearts. And it is Allāh who gives life and causes death, and Allāh is Seeing of what you do.

﴿كَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ﴾: من المنافقين.

﴿ضَرَبُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ﴾: سَفَرًا للبحث عن معاشِهم فماتوا.

﴿غُزࣰّى﴾: غازين.

﴿ذَ ٰ⁠لِكَ﴾: هذا القولُ.

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وَلَئِن قُتِلۡتُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡ مُتُّمۡ لَمَغۡفِرَةٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَحۡمَةٌ خَيۡرٞ مِّمَّا يَجۡمَعُونَ ١٥٧

And if you are killed in the cause of Allāh or die - then forgiveness from Allāh and mercy are better than whatever they accumulate [in this world].

﴿مِّمَّا يَجۡمَعُونَ﴾: ممّا يجْمَعُه أهلُ الدنيا.

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وَلَئِن مُّتُّمۡ أَوۡ قُتِلۡتُمۡ لَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ تُحۡشَرُونَ ١٥٨

And whether you die or are killed, unto Allāh you will be gathered.

No commentary for this ayah

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فَبِمَا رَحۡمَةٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ لِنتَ لَهُمۡۖ وَلَوۡ كُنتَ فَظًّا غَلِيظَ ٱلۡقَلۡبِ لَٱنفَضُّواْ مِنۡ حَوۡلِكَۖ فَٱعۡفُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَٱسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ وَشَاوِرۡهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَمۡرِۖ فَإِذَا عَزَمۡتَ فَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُتَوَكِّلِينَ ١٥٩

So by mercy from Allāh, [O Muḥammad], you were lenient with them. And if you had been rude [in speech] and harsh in heart, they would have disbanded from about you. So pardon them and ask forgiveness for them and consult them in the matter. And when you have decided, then rely upon Allāh. Indeed, Allāh loves those who rely [upon Him].

﴿فَبِمَا رَحۡمَةࣲ﴾: فبرحمةٍ.

﴿فَظًّا﴾: سَيِّئَ الخُلُقِ جافيًا.

﴿لَٱنفَضُّواْ﴾: لَتَفرَّقُوا عنك.

﴿وَشَاوِرۡهُمۡ﴾: لتقتديَ بك الأمةُ، وذلك في غير ما ورَدَ به الشَّرعُ.

﴿فَإِذَا عَزَمۡتَ﴾: عَقِبَ المُشاورةِ، وقَصَدْتَ إمضاءَ الأمرِ.

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إِن يَنصُرۡكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فَلَا غَالِبَ لَكُمۡۖ وَإِن يَخۡذُلۡكُمۡ فَمَن ذَا ٱلَّذِي يَنصُرُكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦۗ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٦٠

If Allāh should aid you, no one can overcome you; but if He should forsake you, who is there that can aid you after Him? And upon Allāh let the believers rely.

No commentary for this ayah

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وَمَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَن يَغُلَّۚ وَمَن يَغۡلُلۡ يَأۡتِ بِمَا غَلَّ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ ثُمَّ تُوَفَّىٰ كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ مَّا كَسَبَتۡ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ١٦١

It is not [attributable] to any prophet that he would act unfaithfully [in regard to war booty]. And whoever betrays, [taking unlawfully], will come with what he took on the Day of Resurrection. Then will every soul be [fully] compensated for what it earned, and they will not be wronged.

﴿أَن يَغُلَّ﴾: أن يَخُونَ أصحابَه بأن يأخذَ من الغنيمةِ غيرَ ما اخْتَصَّه اللهُ.

﴿بِمَا غَلَّ﴾: بما أخَذَه حاملًا له ليُفضحَ به.

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أَفَمَنِ ٱتَّبَعَ رِضۡوَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ كَمَنۢ بَآءَ بِسَخَطٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَمَأۡوَىٰهُ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ١٦٢

So is one who pursues the pleasure of Allāh like one who brings upon himself the anger of Allāh and whose refuge is Hell? And wretched is the destination.

﴿كَمَنۢ بَآءَ بِسَخَطࣲ﴾: كمَن رَجَعَ بغضبٍ شديدٍ.

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هُمۡ دَرَجَٰتٌ عِندَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ بَصِيرُۢ بِمَا يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٦٣

They are [varying] degrees in the sight of Allāh, and Allāh is Seeing of whatever they do.

﴿هُمۡ دَرَجَـٰتٌ﴾: ذوو دَرَجاتٍ، فدَرجاتُ مَنِ اتَّبعَ رضوانَه ليسَتْ كدرجاتِ الآخَرين.

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لَقَدۡ مَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ إِذۡ بَعَثَ فِيهِمۡ رَسُولٗا مِّنۡ أَنفُسِهِمۡ يَتۡلُواْ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ وَيُزَكِّيهِمۡ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبۡلُ لَفِي ضَلَٰلٖ مُّبِينٍ ١٦٤

Certainly did Allāh confer [great] favor upon the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from themselves, reciting to them His verses and purifying them and teaching them the Book [i.e., the Qur’ān] and wisdom,1 although they had been before in manifest error.

﴿مَنَّ﴾: أنعمَ.

﴿مِّنۡ أَنفُسِهِمۡ﴾: من أهلِ لسانِهم.

﴿وَيُزَكِّيهِمۡ﴾: ويُطَهِّرُهم.

﴿وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ﴾: والسُّنَّةَ.

﴿وَإِن كَانُواْ﴾: وإنّهم كانوا.

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أَوَلَمَّآ أَصَٰبَتۡكُم مُّصِيبَةٞ قَدۡ أَصَبۡتُم مِّثۡلَيۡهَا قُلۡتُمۡ أَنَّىٰ هَٰذَاۖ قُلۡ هُوَ مِنۡ عِندِ أَنفُسِكُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ١٦٥

Why [is it that] when a [single] disaster struck you [on the day of Uḥud], although you had struck [the enemy in the battle of Badr] with one twice as great, you said, "From where is this?" Say, "It is from yourselves [i.e., due to your sin]." Indeed, Allāh is over all things competent.

﴿مُّصِيبَةࣱ﴾: يومَ أُحدٍ.

﴿أَصَبۡتُم مِّثۡلَيۡهَا﴾: يومَ بدرٍ من المشركين.

﴿أَنَّىٰ هَـٰذَا﴾: كيف يكونُ هذا، ونحن مسلمون فينا نبيُّ اللهِ؟

﴿مِنۡ عِندِ أَنفُسِكُمۡ﴾: عقوبةٌ لكم بسببِ مخالفتِكم أمْرَ رسولِكم.

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وَمَآ أَصَٰبَكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِ فَبِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ وَلِيَعۡلَمَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٦٦

And what struck you on the day the two armies met [at Uḥud] was by permission of Allāh that He might make evident the [true] believers

﴿يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِ﴾: يومَ أُحُدٍ.

﴿فَبِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ﴾: بعِلْمِه.

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وَلِيَعۡلَمَ ٱلَّذِينَ نَافَقُواْۚ وَقِيلَ لَهُمۡ تَعَالَوۡاْ قَٰتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَوِ ٱدۡفَعُواْۖ قَالُواْ لَوۡ نَعۡلَمُ قِتَالٗا لَّٱتَّبَعۡنَٰكُمۡۗ هُمۡ لِلۡكُفۡرِ يَوۡمَئِذٍ أَقۡرَبُ مِنۡهُمۡ لِلۡإِيمَٰنِۚ يَقُولُونَ بِأَفۡوَٰهِهِم مَّا لَيۡسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا يَكۡتُمُونَ ١٦٧

And that He might make evident those who are hypocrites. For it was said to them, "Come, fight in the way of Allāh or [at least] defend." They said, "If we had known [there would be] battle, we would have followed you." They were nearer to disbelief that day than to faith, saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts. And Allāh is most knowing of what they conceal -

﴿ٱدۡفَعُواْ﴾: كونوا عَوْنًا لنا بتكثيرِكم سَوادَنا.

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ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُواْ لِإِخۡوَٰنِهِمۡ وَقَعَدُواْ لَوۡ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُواْۗ قُلۡ فَٱدۡرَءُواْ عَنۡ أَنفُسِكُمُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ١٦٨

Those who said about their brothers while sitting [at home], "If they had obeyed us, they would not have been killed." Say, "Then prevent death from yourselves, if you should be truthful."

﴿لَوۡ أَطَاعُونَا﴾: بتَرْكِ الخروجِ من المدينةِ.

﴿فَٱدۡرَءُواْ﴾: فادفَعُوا.

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وَلَا تَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ قُتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَمۡوَٰتَۢاۚ بَلۡ أَحۡيَآءٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ يُرۡزَقُونَ ١٦٩

And never think of those who have been killed in the cause of Allāh as dead. Rather, they are alive with their Lord, receiving provision,

﴿أَحۡيَآءٌ﴾: حياةً بَرْزَخيةً.

﴿عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ﴾: في الجنةِ.

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فَرِحِينَ بِمَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ وَيَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ بِٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَلۡحَقُواْ بِهِم مِّنۡ خَلۡفِهِمۡ أَلَّا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ ١٧٠

Rejoicing in what Allāh has bestowed upon them of His bounty, and they receive good tidings about those [to be martyred] after them who have not yet joined them - that there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve.

﴿وَيَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ﴾: ويَفْرحون.

﴿أَلَّا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ﴾: فيما يَسْتقبلون من أمورِ الآخرةِ.

﴿وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ﴾: على مافاتَهم في الدنيا.

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۞ يَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ بِنِعۡمَةٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَفَضۡلٖ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجۡرَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٧١

They receive good tidings of favor from Allāh and bounty and [of the fact] that Allāh does not allow the reward of believers to be lost -

No commentary for this ayah

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ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَجَابُواْ لِلَّهِ وَٱلرَّسُولِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَآ أَصَابَهُمُ ٱلۡقَرۡحُۚ لِلَّذِينَ أَحۡسَنُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ وَٱتَّقَوۡاْ أَجۡرٌ عَظِيمٌ ١٧٢

Those [believers] who responded to Allāh and the Messenger after injury had struck them. For those who did good among them and feared Allāh is a great reward -

﴿ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَجَابُواْ﴾: هم الذين خرجُوا يَتَعَقَّبون المشركين في «حمراءِ الأسَدِ»، بعد هزيمتِهم في أُحُدٍ.

﴿ٱلۡقَرۡحُ﴾: الجراحُ من معركةِ أُحُدٍ.

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ٱلَّذِينَ قَالَ لَهُمُ ٱلنَّاسُ إِنَّ ٱلنَّاسَ قَدۡ جَمَعُواْ لَكُمۡ فَٱخۡشَوۡهُمۡ فَزَادَهُمۡ إِيمَٰنٗا وَقَالُواْ حَسۡبُنَا ٱللَّهُ وَنِعۡمَ ٱلۡوَكِيلُ ١٧٣

Those to whom people [i.e., hypocrites] said, "Indeed, the people have gathered against you, so fear them." But it [merely] increased them in faith, and they said, "Sufficient for us is Allāh, and [He is] the best Disposer of affairs."1

﴿قَالَ لَهُمُ ٱلنَّاسُ﴾: هم بعضُ المشركين، قالوا: إن أبا سفيان ومَن معه سيعودون إليكم.

﴿حَسۡبُنَا ٱللَّهُ﴾: اللهُ كافِينا.

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فَٱنقَلَبُواْ بِنِعۡمَةٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَفَضۡلٖ لَّمۡ يَمۡسَسۡهُمۡ سُوٓءٞ وَٱتَّبَعُواْ رِضۡوَٰنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ ذُو فَضۡلٍ عَظِيمٍ ١٧٤

So they returned with favor from Allāh and bounty, no harm having touched them. And they pursued the pleasure of Allāh, and Allāh is the possessor of great bounty.

﴿فَٱنقَلَبُواْ﴾: فرَجَعُوا من حمراءِ الأسَدِ.

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إِنَّمَا ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوۡلِيَآءَهُۥ فَلَا تَخَافُوهُمۡ وَخَافُونِ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١٧٥

That is only Satan who frightens [you] of his supporters. So fear them not, but fear Me, if you are [indeed] believers.

﴿يُخَوِّفُ أَوۡلِيَآءَهُۥ﴾: يُخَوِّفُكم بأوليائِه.

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وَلَا يَحۡزُنكَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِي ٱلۡكُفۡرِۚ إِنَّهُمۡ لَن يَضُرُّواْ ٱللَّهَ شَيۡـٔٗاۚ يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَلَّا يَجۡعَلَ لَهُمۡ حَظّٗا فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ ١٧٦

And do not be grieved, [O Muḥammad], by those who hasten into disbelief. Indeed, they will never harm Allāh at all. Allāh intends that He should give them no share in the Hereafter, and for them is a great punishment.

﴿حَظࣰّا﴾: نصيبًا.

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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱشۡتَرَوُاْ ٱلۡكُفۡرَ بِٱلۡإِيمَٰنِ لَن يَضُرُّواْ ٱللَّهَ شَيۡـٔٗاۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ١٧٧

Indeed, those who purchase disbelief [in exchange] for faith - never will they harm Allāh at all, and for them is a painful punishment.

﴿ٱشۡتَرَوُاْ﴾: استبدلُوا.

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وَلَا يَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ أَنَّمَا نُمۡلِي لَهُمۡ خَيۡرٞ لِّأَنفُسِهِمۡۚ إِنَّمَا نُمۡلِي لَهُمۡ لِيَزۡدَادُوٓاْ إِثۡمٗاۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ مُّهِينٞ ١٧٨

And let not those who disbelieve ever think that [because] We extend their time [of enjoyment] it is better for them. We only extend it for them so that they may increase in sin, and for them is a humiliating punishment.

﴿وَلَا يَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ﴾: إذا أطَلْنا أعمارَهم، ومَتَّعْناهم.

﴿إِنَّمَا نُمۡلِي لَهُمۡ﴾: نُؤَخِّرُ أجَلَهم، وعذابَهم.

﴿إِثۡمࣰا﴾: ظلمًا وطُغيانًا.

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مَّا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيَذَرَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ عَلَىٰ مَآ أَنتُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ حَتَّىٰ يَمِيزَ ٱلۡخَبِيثَ مِنَ ٱلطَّيِّبِۗ وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيُطۡلِعَكُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡتَبِي مِن رُّسُلِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُۖ فَـَٔامِنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِۦۚ وَإِن تُؤۡمِنُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ فَلَكُمۡ أَجۡرٌ عَظِيمٞ ١٧٩

Allāh would not leave the believers in that [state] you are in [presently] until He separates the evil from the good. Nor would Allāh reveal to you the unseen. But [instead], Allāh chooses of His messengers whom He wills, so believe in Allāh and His messengers. And if you believe and fear Him, then for you is a great reward.

﴿لِيَذَرَ﴾: لِيَدَعَ.

﴿عَلَىٰ مَآ أَنتُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ﴾: من التباسِ المؤمن مِنكم بالمنافقِ.

﴿عَلَى ٱلۡغَيۡبِ﴾: الذي يَعْلَمُه من عبادِه، فتَعْرِفُوا المؤمنَ منهم من المنافقِ، ولكنه يَمِيزُهم بالمِحَنِ.

﴿يَجۡتَبِي﴾: يَصْطَفي مِن رُسُله ليُطْلِعَه على شيءٍ من غيبهِ.

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وَلَا يَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَبۡخَلُونَ بِمَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ هُوَ خَيۡرٗا لَّهُمۖ بَلۡ هُوَ شَرّٞ لَّهُمۡۖ سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مَا بَخِلُواْ بِهِۦ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۗ وَلِلَّهِ مِيرَٰثُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٞ ١٨٠

And let not those who [greedily] withhold what Allāh has given them of His bounty ever think that it is better for them. Rather, it is worse for them. Their necks will be encircled by what they withheld on the Day of Resurrection. And to Allāh belongs the heritage of the heavens and the earth. And Allāh, of what you do, is [fully] Aware.

﴿سَيُطَوَّقُونَ﴾: سيكونُ طَوْقًا من نارٍ يُوضَعُ في أعناقِهم.

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لَّقَدۡ سَمِعَ ٱللَّهُ قَوۡلَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ فَقِيرٞ وَنَحۡنُ أَغۡنِيَآءُۘ سَنَكۡتُبُ مَا قَالُواْ وَقَتۡلَهُمُ ٱلۡأَنۢبِيَآءَ بِغَيۡرِ حَقّٖ وَنَقُولُ ذُوقُواْ عَذَابَ ٱلۡحَرِيقِ ١٨١

Allāh has certainly heard the statement of those [Jews] who said, "Indeed, Allāh is poor, while we are rich." We will record what they said and their killing of the prophets without right and will say, "Taste the punishment of the Burning Fire.

﴿ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ﴾: هم اليهودُ.

﴿إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ فَقِيرࣱ﴾: يَطْلبُ منا أن نُقْرِضَه مالًا، وهذا للتشكيكِ على المسلمين.

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ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيكُمۡ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَيۡسَ بِظَلَّامٖ لِّلۡعَبِيدِ ١٨٢

That is for what your hands have put forth and because Allāh is not ever unjust to [His] servants."

﴿بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيكُمۡ﴾: من المعاصي.

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ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَهِدَ إِلَيۡنَآ أَلَّا نُؤۡمِنَ لِرَسُولٍ حَتَّىٰ يَأۡتِيَنَا بِقُرۡبَانٖ تَأۡكُلُهُ ٱلنَّارُۗ قُلۡ قَدۡ جَآءَكُمۡ رُسُلٞ مِّن قَبۡلِي بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ وَبِٱلَّذِي قُلۡتُمۡ فَلِمَ قَتَلۡتُمُوهُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ١٨٣

[They are] those who said, "Indeed, Allāh has taken our promise not to believe any messenger until he brings us an offering which fire [from heaven] will consume." Say, "There have already come to you messengers before me with clear proofs and [even] that of which you speak. So why did you kill them, if you should be truthful?"

﴿عَهِدَ إِلَيۡنَآ﴾: في التوراةِ.

﴿بِقُرۡبَانࣲ﴾: بصَدَقَةٍ يُتَقَرَّبُ بها إلى الله، فتنزلُ نارٌ من السماءِ فتحرقُها.

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فَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقَدۡ كُذِّبَ رُسُلٞ مِّن قَبۡلِكَ جَآءُو بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ وَٱلزُّبُرِ وَٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ٱلۡمُنِيرِ ١٨٤

Then if they deny you, [O Muḥammad] - so were messengers denied before you, who brought clear proofs and written ordinances and the enlightening Scripture.1

﴿بِٱلۡبَيِّنَـٰتِ﴾: بالمعجزاتِ الواضحاتِ.

﴿وَٱلزُّبُرِ﴾: الكتبِ التي أنزلها اللهُ.

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كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ ذَآئِقَةُ ٱلۡمَوۡتِۗ وَإِنَّمَا تُوَفَّوۡنَ أُجُورَكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۖ فَمَن زُحۡزِحَ عَنِ ٱلنَّارِ وَأُدۡخِلَ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ فَقَدۡ فَازَۗ وَمَا ٱلۡحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنۡيَآ إِلَّا مَتَٰعُ ٱلۡغُرُورِ ١٨٥

Every soul will taste death, and you will only be given your [full] compensation on the Day of Resurrection. So he who is drawn away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise has attained [his desire]. And what is the life of this world except the enjoyment of delusion.

﴿مَتَـٰعُ ٱلۡغُرُورِ﴾: مُتْعَةٌ زائلةٌ، فلا تَغْترُّوا بها.

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۞ لَتُبۡلَوُنَّ فِيٓ أَمۡوَٰلِكُمۡ وَأَنفُسِكُمۡ وَلَتَسۡمَعُنَّ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ وَمِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَشۡرَكُوٓاْ أَذٗى كَثِيرٗاۚ وَإِن تَصۡبِرُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ فَإِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ مِنۡ عَزۡمِ ٱلۡأُمُورِ ١٨٦

You will surely be tested in your possessions and in yourselves. And you will surely hear from those who were given the Scripture before you and from those who associate others with Allāh much abuse. But if you are patient and fear Allāh - indeed, that is of the matters [worthy] of resolve.

﴿لَتُبۡلَوُنَّ﴾: لَتُخْتَبَرُنَّ.

﴿فِيٓ أَمۡوَ ٰ⁠لِكُمۡ﴾: بإخراجِ النفقاتِ الواجبةِ والمُسْتَحَبَّةِ، وبالجوائح التي تُصيبها.

﴿وَأَنفُسِكُمۡ﴾: بما يجبُ عليكم من الطاعاتِ، وما يَحُلُّ بكم من الجِراح، وفَقْدِ الأحبابِ.

﴿مِنۡ عَزۡمِ ٱلۡأُمُورِ﴾: من الأمورِ التي يُتنافَسُ فيها.

Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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