Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'anSaba · 34:1–54

Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an · Tafsir · in Arabic

سبإ

Saba

Sheba · Meccan · 54 ayahs

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ٱلۡحَمۡدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِي لَهُۥ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَهُ ٱلۡحَمۡدُ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٱلۡخَبِيرُ ١

[All] praise is [due] to Allāh, to whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth, and to Him belongs [all] praise in the Hereafter. And He is the Wise, the Aware.

No commentary for this ayah

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يَعۡلَمُ مَا يَلِجُ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا يَخۡرُجُ مِنۡهَا وَمَا يَنزِلُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَمَا يَعۡرُجُ فِيهَاۚ وَهُوَ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٱلۡغَفُورُ ٢

He knows what penetrates into the earth and what emerges from it and what descends from the heaven and what ascends therein. And He is the Merciful, the Forgiving.

﴿يَلِجُ﴾: يَدْخُلُ.

﴿يَخۡرُجُ مِنۡهَا﴾: أي: مِنَ النَّباتِ والمعادِن والِمياهِ.

﴿وَمَا يَنزِلُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ﴾: مِنَ الأمْطارِ والملائِكةِ والكُتُبِ.

﴿وَمَا يَعۡرُجُ فِيهَا﴾: وما صَعَدُ إلَيها مِنَ الملائِكَةِ وأعْمالِ الخلْقِ.

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وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَا تَأۡتِينَا ٱلسَّاعَةُۖ قُلۡ بَلَىٰ وَرَبِّي لَتَأۡتِيَنَّكُمۡ عَٰلِمِ ٱلۡغَيۡبِۖ لَا يَعۡزُبُ عَنۡهُ مِثۡقَالُ ذَرَّةٖ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَلَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَآ أَصۡغَرُ مِن ذَٰلِكَ وَلَآ أَكۡبَرُ إِلَّا فِي كِتَٰبٖ مُّبِينٖ ٣

But those who disbelieve say, "The Hour will not come to us." Say, "Yes, by my Lord, it will surely come to you. [Allāh is] the Knower of the unseen." Not absent from Him is an atom's weight1 within the heavens or within the earth or [what is] smaller than that or greater, except that it is in a clear register -

﴿ٱلسَّاعَةُ﴾: القِيامةُ.

﴿لَا يَعۡزُبُ عَنۡهُ﴾: لا يَغِيبُ عَنْهُ ولا يَخْفى عَلَيهِ.

﴿مِثۡقَالُ ذَرَّةࣲ﴾: مِقْدارُ أصْغرِ نَمْلَةٍ.

﴿كِتَـٰبࣲ مُّبِينࣲ﴾: كِتابٍ واضِحٍ، وهو اللَّوحُ المَحْفُوظُ.

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لِّيَجۡزِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ وَرِزۡقٞ كَرِيمٞ ٤

That He may reward those who believe and do righteous deeds. Those will have forgiveness and noble provision.

﴿وَرِزۡقࣱ كَرِيمࣱ﴾: وهو الجنَّةُ.

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وَٱلَّذِينَ سَعَوۡ فِيٓ ءَايَٰتِنَا مُعَٰجِزِينَ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ مِّن رِّجۡزٍ أَلِيمٞ ٥

But those who strive against Our verses [seeking] to cause failure1 - for them will be a painful punishment of foul nature.

﴿مُعَـٰجِزِينَ﴾: ظانِّينَ أنّهم يُعْجِزُونَنا ويَغْلِبُونَنا.

﴿مِّن رِّجۡزٍ﴾: أسْوَأِ العَذابِ وأشَدِّهِ.

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وَيَرَى ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ ٱلَّذِيٓ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ هُوَ ٱلۡحَقَّ وَيَهۡدِيٓ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطِ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡحَمِيدِ ٦

And those who have been given knowledge see that what is revealed to you from your Lord is the truth, and it guides to the path of the Exalted in Might, the Praiseworthy.

﴿وَيَرَى﴾: يَعْلمُ.

﴿وَيَهۡدِيٓ﴾: يُرْشِدُ.

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وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ هَلۡ نَدُلُّكُمۡ عَلَىٰ رَجُلٖ يُنَبِّئُكُمۡ إِذَا مُزِّقۡتُمۡ كُلَّ مُمَزَّقٍ إِنَّكُمۡ لَفِي خَلۡقٖ جَدِيدٍ ٧

But those who disbelieve say, "Shall we direct you to a man who will inform you [that] when you have disintegrated in complete disintegration, you will [then] be [recreated] in a new creation?

﴿يُنَبِّئُكُمۡ﴾: يُخْبِرُكُم بِنَبَأٍ غَرِيبٍ.

﴿مُزِّقۡتُمۡ﴾: قُطِّعْتُم، وتَفَرَّقَتْ أجْسادُكُم إلى أجْزاءٍ.

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أَفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَم بِهِۦ جِنَّةُۢۗ بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ وَٱلضَّلَٰلِ ٱلۡبَعِيدِ ٨

Has he invented about Allāh a lie or is there in him madness?" Rather, they who do not believe in the Hereafter will be in the punishment and [are in] extreme error.

﴿أَفۡتَرَىٰ﴾: هَلِ اخْتَلَقَ؟

﴿جِنَّةُۢ﴾: جُنُونٌ.

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أَفَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاْ إِلَىٰ مَا بَيۡنَ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَمَا خَلۡفَهُم مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ إِن نَّشَأۡ نَخۡسِفۡ بِهِمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ أَوۡ نُسۡقِطۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ كِسَفٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَةٗ لِّكُلِّ عَبۡدٖ مُّنِيبٖ ٩

Then, do they not look at what is before them and what is behind them of the heaven and earth? If We should will, We could cause the earth to swallow them or [could] let fall upon them fragments from the sky. Indeed in that is a sign for every servant turning back [to Allāh].

﴿مَا بَيۡنَ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَمَا خَلۡفَهُم مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ﴾: أي: كُلٌّ مِنَ السَّماءِ والأرضِ يُحِيطُ بِهِم مِن أمامِهِم وخَلْفِهِم.

﴿نَخۡسِفۡ بِهِمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ﴾: نَجْعَلِ الأرْضَ تَبْتَلِعُهُم وهُمْ أحْياءٌ.

﴿كِسَفࣰا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ﴾: قِطَعًا مِنها.

﴿مُّنِيبࣲ﴾: راجِعٍ إلى رَبِّهِ بالتَّوبَةِ والطّاعَةِ.

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۞ وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا دَاوُۥدَ مِنَّا فَضۡلٗاۖ يَٰجِبَالُ أَوِّبِي مَعَهُۥ وَٱلطَّيۡرَۖ وَأَلَنَّا لَهُ ٱلۡحَدِيدَ ١٠

And We certainly gave David from Us bounty. [We said], "O mountains, repeat [Our] praises with him, and the birds [as well]." And We made pliable for him iron,

﴿أَوِّبِي﴾: سَبِّحِي.

﴿وَأَلَنَّا لَهُ ٱلۡحَدِيدَ﴾: جَعَلْنا الحديدَ في يدِهِ لَيِّنًا، يَصْنَعُ بِهِ ما يَشاءُ.

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أَنِ ٱعۡمَلۡ سَٰبِغَٰتٖ وَقَدِّرۡ فِي ٱلسَّرۡدِۖ وَٱعۡمَلُواْ صَٰلِحًاۖ إِنِّي بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ١١

[Commanding him], "Make full coats of mail and calculate [precisely] the links, and work [all of you] righteousness. Indeed I, of what you do, am Seeing."

﴿سَـٰبِغَـٰتࣲ﴾: أي: دُرُوعًا واسِعاتٍ تُغَطِّي الِجسْمَ كلَّه.

﴿قَدِّرۡ فِي ٱلسَّرۡدِ﴾: أي: قَدِّرْ في نَسْجِ الدُّرُوعِ وإحْكامِها تَقْدِيرًا مُناسِبًا يَجْمَعُ ما بَينَ الخِفَّةِ والحَصانَةِ.

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وَلِسُلَيۡمَٰنَ ٱلرِّيحَ غُدُوُّهَا شَهۡرٞ وَرَوَاحُهَا شَهۡرٞۖ وَأَسَلۡنَا لَهُۥ عَيۡنَ ٱلۡقِطۡرِۖ وَمِنَ ٱلۡجِنِّ مَن يَعۡمَلُ بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ بِإِذۡنِ رَبِّهِۦۖ وَمَن يَزِغۡ مِنۡهُمۡ عَنۡ أَمۡرِنَا نُذِقۡهُ مِنۡ عَذَابِ ٱلسَّعِيرِ ١٢

And to Solomon [We subjected] the wind - its morning [journey was that of] a month - and its afternoon [journey was that of] a month, and We made flow for him a spring of [liquid] copper. And among the jinn were those who worked for him by the permission of his Lord. And whoever deviated among them from Our command - We will make him taste of the punishment of the Blaze.

﴿غُدُوُّهَا شَهۡرࣱ﴾: أي: تَجْرِي الرِّيحُ مِن أوَّلِ النَّهارِ إلى انْتِصافِه مَسِيرَةَ شَهْرٍ بالسَّيرِ المُعْتادِ.

﴿وَرَوَاحُهَا شَهۡرࣱ﴾: أي: تَجْرِي الرِّيحُ مِن مُّنْتَصَفِ النَّهارِ إلى اللَّيلِ مَسِيرَةَ شَهْرٍ.

﴿وَأَسَلۡنَا لَهُۥ عَيۡنَ ٱلۡقِطۡرِ﴾: وأَسَلْنا لَهُ عَينَ النُّحاسِ كما يَسِيلُ الماءُ.

﴿مَن يَزِغۡ﴾: مَن يَمِلْ ويَعدِلْ.

﴿ٱلسَّعِيرِ﴾: النّارِ المسْتَعِرةِ.

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يَعۡمَلُونَ لَهُۥ مَا يَشَآءُ مِن مَّحَٰرِيبَ وَتَمَٰثِيلَ وَجِفَانٖ كَٱلۡجَوَابِ وَقُدُورٖ رَّاسِيَٰتٍۚ ٱعۡمَلُوٓاْ ءَالَ دَاوُۥدَ شُكۡرٗاۚ وَقَلِيلٞ مِّنۡ عِبَادِيَ ٱلشَّكُورُ ١٣

They made for him what he willed of elevated chambers,1 statues,2 bowls like reservoirs, and stationary kettles. [We said], "Work, O family of David, in gratitude." And few of My servants are grateful.

﴿مَّحَـٰرِيبَ﴾: قُصُورٍ أو مساجِدَ.

﴿وَتَمَـٰثِيلَ﴾: صُوَرٍ مُجَسَّمَةٍ من نُّحاسٍ وزُجاجٍ وغيرِهِما (وحُرِّمَ ذلك في الإسْلامِ).

﴿وَجِفَانࣲ﴾: جَمْعُ «جَفْنَةٍ»، وهي القَصْعةُ الكَبِيرةُ.

﴿كَٱلۡجَوَابِ﴾: جَمْعِ «جابِيَةٍ»، وهي الحوضُ الكبيرُ الذي يُجْمعُ فيه الماءُ.

﴿رَّاسِيَـٰتٍ﴾: ثابتاتٍ على المواقِد، لا تَتَحَرَّكُ لِعِظَمِها.

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فَلَمَّا قَضَيۡنَا عَلَيۡهِ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ مَا دَلَّهُمۡ عَلَىٰ مَوۡتِهِۦٓ إِلَّا دَآبَّةُ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ تَأۡكُلُ مِنسَأَتَهُۥۖ فَلَمَّا خَرَّ تَبَيَّنَتِ ٱلۡجِنُّ أَن لَّوۡ كَانُواْ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٱلۡغَيۡبَ مَا لَبِثُواْ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ ٱلۡمُهِينِ ١٤

And when We decreed for him [i.e., Solomon] death, nothing indicated to them [i.e., the jinn] his death except a creature of the earth eating his staff.1 But when he fell, it became clear to the jinn that if they had known the unseen, they would not have remained in humiliating punishment.2

﴿قَضَيۡنَا﴾: حَكَمْنا.

﴿دَآبَّةُ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ﴾: الأَرَضَةُ الَّتي تَأْكُلُ الخَشَبَ.

﴿مِنسَأَتَهُۥ﴾: عَصاهُ.

﴿خَرَّ﴾: سَقَطَ ووَقَعَ.

﴿تَبَيَّنَتِ﴾: عَلِمَتْ.

﴿مَا لَبِثُواْ﴾: ما أقامُوا.

﴿ٱلۡمُهِينِ﴾: المُذِلِّ.

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لَقَدۡ كَانَ لِسَبَإٖ فِي مَسۡكَنِهِمۡ ءَايَةٞۖ جَنَّتَانِ عَن يَمِينٖ وَشِمَالٖۖ كُلُواْ مِن رِّزۡقِ رَبِّكُمۡ وَٱشۡكُرُواْ لَهُۥۚ بَلۡدَةٞ طَيِّبَةٞ وَرَبٌّ غَفُورٞ ١٥

There was for [the tribe of] Saba’ in their dwelling place a sign: two [fields of] gardens on the right and on the left. [They were told], "Eat from the provisions of your Lord and be grateful to Him. A good land [have you], and a forgiving Lord."

﴿لِسَبَإࣲ﴾: «سبأ» بَلَدٌ باليمنِ سُمِّيَ باسم «سبأ بن يَشْجُب»، ويقعُ شرقَ صنعاء، ويُسَمّى الآنَ «مأرِبًا».

﴿ءَايَةࣱ﴾: دَلالةٌ على قُدْرَتِنا.

﴿جَنَّتَانِ عَن يَمِينࣲ وَشِمَالࣲ﴾: مَجْمُوعَتانِ كَبِيرَتانِ مِنَ البساتِينِ الكثيرةِ عَن يَمِينِ الوادِي وشِمالِه.

﴿طَيِّبَةࣱ﴾: كريمةُ التُّربةِ حَسَنةُ الهواءِ.

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فَأَعۡرَضُواْ فَأَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ سَيۡلَ ٱلۡعَرِمِ وَبَدَّلۡنَٰهُم بِجَنَّتَيۡهِمۡ جَنَّتَيۡنِ ذَوَاتَيۡ أُكُلٍ خَمۡطٖ وَأَثۡلٖ وَشَيۡءٖ مِّن سِدۡرٖ قَلِيلٖ ١٦

But they turned away [refusing], so We sent upon them the flood of the dam,1 and We replaced their two [fields of] gardens with gardens of bitter fruit, tamarisks and something of sparse lote trees.

﴿سَيۡلَ ٱلۡعَرِمِ﴾: السَّيلَ الجارِفَ الشَّدِيدَ.

﴿خَمۡطࣲ﴾: هو الثَّمرُ المُرُّ الكريهُ الطَّعْمِ والرائِحَةِ.

﴿أَثۡلࣲ﴾: هو شَجَرٌ شَبِيهٌ بالطَّرْفاءِ لا ثَمَرَ لَهُ.

﴿سِدۡرࣲ﴾: هو شجرُ النَّبْقِ كثِيرُ الشَّوكِ.

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ذَٰلِكَ جَزَيۡنَٰهُم بِمَا كَفَرُواْۖ وَهَلۡ نُجَٰزِيٓ إِلَّا ٱلۡكَفُورَ ١٧

[By] that We repaid them because they disbelieved. And do We [thus] repay except the ungrateful?

﴿نُجَـٰزِيٓ﴾: نُعاقِبُ.

﴿ٱلۡكَفُورَ﴾: الجَحودَ المبالِغَ في الكُفْرِ بِنِعَمِ اللهِ ورُسُلِه.

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وَجَعَلۡنَا بَيۡنَهُمۡ وَبَيۡنَ ٱلۡقُرَى ٱلَّتِي بَٰرَكۡنَا فِيهَا قُرٗى ظَٰهِرَةٗ وَقَدَّرۡنَا فِيهَا ٱلسَّيۡرَۖ سِيرُواْ فِيهَا لَيَالِيَ وَأَيَّامًا ءَامِنِينَ ١٨

And We placed between them and the cities which We had blessed1 [many] visible cities. And We determined between them the [distances of] journey,2 [saying], "Travel between them by night or by day in safety."

﴿بَيۡنَهُمۡ﴾: أي: بينَ أهلِ «سبأٍ» الَّذينَ كانُوا باليمنِ.

﴿ٱلۡقُرَى ٱلَّتِي بَـٰرَكۡنَا فِيهَا﴾: هي بلادُ «الشّامِ».

﴿قُرࣰى ظَـٰهِرَةࣰ﴾: قُرىً مُتَواصِلةً مُتَقارِبة يُرى بَعْضُها مِن بَعْضٍ (على امْتِداد الطَّرِيقِ مِنَ اليمنِ إلى الشّامِ).

﴿قَدَّرۡنَا فِيهَا ٱلسَّيۡرَ﴾: أي: جَعَلْنا مَسافَةَ السَّيرِ بَيْنَ القُرى مَسافَةً متقارِبةً نَحْوًا مِن نِّصفِ يومٍ ليكونَ المَقِيلُ في قَرْيَةٍ والمبيتُ في أُخْرى.

﴿ءَامِنِينَ﴾: لا تخافُونَ عَدُوًّا ولا جُوعًا ولا عَطَشًا.

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فَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا بَٰعِدۡ بَيۡنَ أَسۡفَارِنَا وَظَلَمُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ فَجَعَلۡنَٰهُمۡ أَحَادِيثَ وَمَزَّقۡنَٰهُمۡ كُلَّ مُمَزَّقٍۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٖ شَكُورٖ ١٩

But [insolently] they said, "Our Lord, lengthen the distance between our journeys," and wronged themselves, so We made them narrations1 and dispersed them in total dispersion. Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.

﴿بَـٰعِدۡ بَيۡنَ أَسۡفَارِنَا﴾: أي: اجْعَلْ هذه القُرى المُتَقارِبةَ مُتَباعِدةً لِيَبْعُدَ سَفَرُنا بَينَها.

﴿أَحَادِيثَ﴾: أي: ذوي أخبارٍ يتحدّثُ الناسُ بها في مجالِسِهِم للتَّعَجُّبِ والاعْتِبارِ.

﴿وَمَزَّقۡنَـٰهُمۡ﴾: فَرَّقْناهُم في البلادِ.

﴿لَـَٔايَـٰتࣲ﴾: لَعِبرًا وعِظاتٍ.

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وَلَقَدۡ صَدَّقَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ إِبۡلِيسُ ظَنَّهُۥ فَٱتَّبَعُوهُ إِلَّا فَرِيقٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٢٠

And Iblees had already confirmed through them1 his assumption,2 so they followed him, except for a party of believers.

﴿صَدَّقَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ﴾: حقَّقَ عَلَيهِم.

﴿ظَنَّهُۥ﴾: بأنّهم يَتَّبِعُونَه.

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وَمَا كَانَ لَهُۥ عَلَيۡهِم مِّن سُلۡطَٰنٍ إِلَّا لِنَعۡلَمَ مَن يُؤۡمِنُ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ مِمَّنۡ هُوَ مِنۡهَا فِي شَكّٖۗ وَرَبُّكَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٍ حَفِيظٞ ٢١

And he had over them no authority except [it was decreed] that We might make evident who believes in the Hereafter from who is thereof in doubt. And your Lord, over all things, is Guardian.1

﴿سُلۡطَـٰنٍ﴾: تَسَلُّطٍ واسْتِيلاءٍ بالوسْوَسَةِ والإغْواءِ.

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قُلِ ٱدۡعُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ زَعَمۡتُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ لَا يَمۡلِكُونَ مِثۡقَالَ ذَرَّةٖ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَلَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا لَهُمۡ فِيهِمَا مِن شِرۡكٖ وَمَا لَهُۥ مِنۡهُم مِّن ظَهِيرٖ ٢٢

Say, [O Muḥammad], "Invoke those you claim [as deities] besides Allāh." They do not possess an atom's weight [of ability] in the heavens or on the earth, and they do not have therein any partnership [with Him], nor is there for Him from among them any assistant.

﴿زَعَمۡتُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ﴾: أي: زَعَمْتُمُوهُم شركاءَ للهِ.

﴿مِثۡقَالَ ذَرَّةࣲ﴾: مِقْدارَ أصْغَرِ نَمْلَةٍ.

﴿شِرۡكࣲ﴾: مُشارَكَةٍ.

﴿ظَهِيرࣲ﴾: مُعِينٍ على الخَلْقِ والتَّدبيرِ.

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وَلَا تَنفَعُ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةُ عِندَهُۥٓ إِلَّا لِمَنۡ أَذِنَ لَهُۥۚ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمۡ قَالُواْ مَاذَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمۡۖ قَالُواْ ٱلۡحَقَّۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَلِيُّ ٱلۡكَبِيرُ ٢٣

And intercession does not benefit with Him except for one whom He permits. [And those wait] until, when terror is removed from their hearts,1 they will say [to one another], "What has your Lord said?" They will say, "The truth." And He is the Most High, the Grand.

﴿فُزِّعَ عَن قُلُوبِهِمۡ﴾: أُزيِلَ الفَزَعُ والخوفُ عَن قُلُوبِهِم.

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۞ قُلۡ مَن يَرۡزُقُكُم مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ قُلِ ٱللَّهُۖ وَإِنَّآ أَوۡ إِيَّاكُمۡ لَعَلَىٰ هُدًى أَوۡ فِي ضَلَٰلٖ مُّبِينٖ ٢٤

Say, "Who provides for you from the heavens and the earth?" Say, "Allāh. And indeed, we or you are either upon guidance or in clear error."

No commentary for this ayah

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قُل لَّا تُسۡـَٔلُونَ عَمَّآ أَجۡرَمۡنَا وَلَا نُسۡـَٔلُ عَمَّا تَعۡمَلُونَ ٢٥

Say, "You will not be asked about what we committed, and we will not be asked about what you do."

﴿أَجۡرَمۡنَا﴾: اكْتَسَبْنا مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ.

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قُلۡ يَجۡمَعُ بَيۡنَنَا رَبُّنَا ثُمَّ يَفۡتَحُ بَيۡنَنَا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَهُوَ ٱلۡفَتَّاحُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٢٦

Say, "Our Lord will bring us together; then He will judge between us in truth. And He is the Knowing Judge."1

﴿يَفۡتَحُ بَيۡنَنَا﴾: يَقْضِي ويَحْكُمُ بَيْنَنا.

﴿ٱلۡفَتَّاحُ﴾: الحاكِمُ بَينَ خَلْقِهِ.

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قُلۡ أَرُونِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَلۡحَقۡتُم بِهِۦ شُرَكَآءَۖ كـَلَّاۚ بَلۡ هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٢٧

Say, "Show me those whom you have attached to Him as partners. No! Rather, He [alone] is Allāh, the Exalted in Might, the Wise."

﴿أَرُونِيَ﴾: أي: بالحُجَّةِ والدَّليلِ.

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وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَٰكَ إِلَّا كَآفَّةٗ لِّلنَّاسِ بَشِيرٗا وَنَذِيرٗا وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٢٨

And We have not sent you except comprehensively1 to mankind as a bringer of good tidings and a warner. But most of the people do not know.

﴿كَآفَّةࣰ لِّلنَّاسِ﴾: للنّاسِ أجْمَعِينَ.

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وَيَقُولُونَ مَتَىٰ هَٰذَا ٱلۡوَعۡدُ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ٢٩

And they say, "When is this promise, if you should be truthful?"

No commentary for this ayah

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قُل لَّكُم مِّيعَادُ يَوۡمٖ لَّا تَسۡتَـٔۡخِرُونَ عَنۡهُ سَاعَةٗ وَلَا تَسۡتَقۡدِمُونَ ٣٠

Say, "For you is the appointment of a Day [when] you will not remain thereafter an hour, nor will you precede [it]."

﴿مِّيعَادُ يَوۡمࣲ﴾: هو يومُ القيامةِ.

﴿لَّا تَسۡتَـٔۡخِرُونَ عَنۡهُ﴾: لا تتأخَّرُونَ عَنْهُ.

﴿لَا تَسۡتَقۡدِمُونَ﴾: لا تَتَقَدَّمُونَ عَلَيه.

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وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَن نُّؤۡمِنَ بِهَٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ وَلَا بِٱلَّذِي بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِۗ وَلَوۡ تَرَىٰٓ إِذِ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ مَوۡقُوفُونَ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ يَرۡجِعُ بَعۡضُهُمۡ إِلَىٰ بَعۡضٍ ٱلۡقَوۡلَ يَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتُضۡعِفُواْ لِلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ لَوۡلَآ أَنتُمۡ لَكُنَّا مُؤۡمِنِينَ ٣١

And those who disbelieve say, "We will never believe in this Qur’ān nor in that before it." But if you could see when the wrongdoers are made to stand before their Lord, refuting each others' words...1 Those who were oppressed will say to those who were arrogant, "If not for you, we would have been believers."

﴿وَلَا بِٱلَّذِي بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ﴾: ولا بالَّذي تَقَدَّمَهُ مِنَ الكُتُبِ السَّماوِيَّةِ كالتَّوراةِ والإنْجِيلِ والزَّبُورِ.

﴿مَوۡقُوفُونَ﴾: محبوسُونَ في مَوْقِفِ الحِسابِ.

﴿يَرۡجِعُ بَعۡضُهُمۡ إِلَىٰ بَعۡضٍ ٱلۡقَوۡلَ﴾: يتراجعُون الكلام باللَّومِ والعِتابِ فيما بَينَهُم.

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قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ لِلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتُضۡعِفُوٓاْ أَنَحۡنُ صَدَدۡنَٰكُمۡ عَنِ ٱلۡهُدَىٰ بَعۡدَ إِذۡ جَآءَكُمۖ بَلۡ كُنتُم مُّجۡرِمِينَ ٣٢

Those who were arrogant will say to those who were oppressed, "Did we avert you from guidance after it had come to you? Rather, you were criminals."

﴿ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ﴾: هم القادَةُ والرُّؤساءُ الضّالُّون المُضِلُّونَ.

﴿صَدَدۡنَـٰكُمۡ﴾: مَنَعْناكُم.

﴿بَلۡ كُنتُم مُّجۡرِمِينَ﴾: بَلْ كُنْتُم اخْتَرْتُم سَبِيلَ الإجْرامِ لِمَحْضِ إرادَتِكُم.

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وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتُضۡعِفُواْ لِلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ بَلۡ مَكۡرُ ٱلَّيۡلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ إِذۡ تَأۡمُرُونَنَآ أَن نَّكۡفُرَ بِٱللَّهِ وَنَجۡعَلَ لَهُۥٓ أَندَادٗاۚ وَأَسَرُّواْ ٱلنَّدَامَةَ لَمَّا رَأَوُاْ ٱلۡعَذَابَۚ وَجَعَلۡنَا ٱلۡأَغۡلَٰلَ فِيٓ أَعۡنَاقِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْۖ هَلۡ يُجۡزَوۡنَ إِلَّا مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٣٣

Those who were oppressed will say to those who were arrogant, "Rather, [it was your] conspiracy of night and day when you were ordering us to disbelieve in Allāh and attribute to Him equals." But they will [all] confide regret when they see the punishment; and We will put shackles on the necks of those who disbelieved. Will they be recompensed except for what they used to do?

﴿بَلۡ مَكۡرُ ٱلَّيۡلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ﴾: بَلْ صَدَّنا مَكْرُكُم بِنا وتَدْبِيرُكُم الشَّرَّ لَنا في اللَّيلِ والنَّهارِ.

﴿أَندَادࣰا﴾: أمْثالًا وشُرَكاءَ مِن مَّخْلُوقاتِه.

﴿أَسَرُّواْ ٱلنَّدَامَةَ﴾: أي: أضْمَرَ وأَخْفى الفَرِيقانِ الحسْرةَ والنَّدامةَ.

﴿ٱلۡأَغۡلَـٰلَ﴾: الأطْواقَ.

﴿يُجۡزَوۡنَ﴾: يُعاقَبونَ.

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وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا فِي قَرۡيَةٖ مِّن نَّذِيرٍ إِلَّا قَالَ مُتۡرَفُوهَآ إِنَّا بِمَآ أُرۡسِلۡتُم بِهِۦ كَٰفِرُونَ ٣٤

And We did not send into a city any warner except that its affluent said, "Indeed we, in that with which you were sent, are disbelievers."

﴿مِّن نَّذِيرٍ﴾: مِن رَّسولٍ.

﴿مُتۡرَفُوهَآ﴾: مُتَنَعِّمُوها.

﴿كَـٰفِرُونَ﴾: جاحِدُون، مُنْكِرُونَ.

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وَقَالُواْ نَحۡنُ أَكۡثَرُ أَمۡوَٰلٗا وَأَوۡلَٰدٗا وَمَا نَحۡنُ بِمُعَذَّبِينَ ٣٥

And they1 said, "We are more [than the believers] in wealth and children, and we are not to be punished."

﴿بِمُعَذَّبِينَ﴾: أي: في الدُّنيا ولا في الآخرةِ.

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قُلۡ إِنَّ رَبِّي يَبۡسُطُ ٱلرِّزۡقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَقۡدِرُ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٣٦

Say, "Indeed, my Lord extends provision for whom He wills and restricts [it], but most of the people do not know."

﴿يَبۡسُطُ﴾: يُوَسِّعُ.

﴿يَقۡدِرُ﴾: يُضَيِّقُ.

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وَمَآ أَمۡوَٰلُكُمۡ وَلَآ أَوۡلَٰدُكُم بِٱلَّتِي تُقَرِّبُكُمۡ عِندَنَا زُلۡفَىٰٓ إِلَّا مَنۡ ءَامَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ جَزَآءُ ٱلضِّعۡفِ بِمَا عَمِلُواْ وَهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡغُرُفَٰتِ ءَامِنُونَ ٣٧

And it is not your wealth or your children that bring you nearer to Us in position, but it is [by being] one who has believed and done righteousness. For them there will be the double reward for what they did, and they will be in the upper chambers [of Paradise], safe [and secure].

﴿زُلۡفَىٰٓ﴾: قُرْبى.

﴿لَهُمۡ جَزَآءُ ٱلضِّعۡفِ﴾: لهم الثَّوابُ المُضاعَفُ.

﴿ٱلۡغُرُفَـٰتِ﴾: المنازلِ العالِيةِ في الجنّةِ.

﴿ءَامِنُونَ﴾: أي: مِن جَمِيعِ ما يكْرَهُونَ كالعذابِ والموتِ والأحْزانِ.

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وَٱلَّذِينَ يَسۡعَوۡنَ فِيٓ ءَايَٰتِنَا مُعَٰجِزِينَ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ مُحۡضَرُونَ ٣٨

And the ones who strive against Our verses to cause [them] failure1 - those will be brought into the punishment [to remain].

﴿مُعَـٰجِزِينَ﴾: ظانّينَ أنّهُم يُعْجِزُونَنا ويَغلِبُونَنا.

﴿فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ مُحۡضَرُونَ﴾: مُقيمُونَ فيه تُحضِرُهم الزَّبانيةُ، فَلا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ الخُرُوجَ منه.

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قُلۡ إِنَّ رَبِّي يَبۡسُطُ ٱلرِّزۡقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦ وَيَقۡدِرُ لَهُۥۚ وَمَآ أَنفَقۡتُم مِّن شَيۡءٖ فَهُوَ يُخۡلِفُهُۥۖ وَهُوَ خَيۡرُ ٱلرَّٰزِقِينَ ٣٩

Say, "Indeed, my Lord extends provision for whom He wills of His servants and restricts [it] for him. But whatever thing you spend [in His cause] - He will compensate it; and He is the best of providers."

﴿يَبۡسُطُ﴾: يُوَسِّعُ.

﴿يَقۡدِرُ﴾: يُضَيِّقُ.

﴿يُخۡلِفُهُۥ﴾: يُعَوِّضُه لكم في الدُّنيا وفي الآخِرةِ.

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وَيَوۡمَ يَحۡشُرُهُمۡ جَمِيعٗا ثُمَّ يَقُولُ لِلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ أَهَٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِيَّاكُمۡ كَانُواْ يَعۡبُدُونَ ٤٠

And [mention] the Day when He will gather them all and then say to the angels, "Did these [people] used to worship you?"

﴿يَحۡشُرُهُمۡ﴾: يَجْمَعُهُم.

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قَالُواْ سُبۡحَٰنَكَ أَنتَ وَلِيُّنَا مِن دُونِهِمۖ بَلۡ كَانُواْ يَعۡبُدُونَ ٱلۡجِنَّۖ أَكۡثَرُهُم بِهِم مُّؤۡمِنُونَ ٤١

They will say, "Exalted are You! You, [O Allāh], are our benefactor excluding [i.e., not] them. Rather, they used to worship the jinn; most of them were believers in them."

﴿سُبۡحَـٰنَكَ﴾: نُنَزِّهُكَ يا اللهُ.

﴿أَنتَ وَلِيُّنَا﴾: أنتَ الَّذي نُوالِيهِ ونَعْبُدُهُ.

﴿ٱلۡجِنَّ﴾: أي: الشَّياطِينَ.

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فَٱلۡيَوۡمَ لَا يَمۡلِكُ بَعۡضُكُمۡ لِبَعۡضٖ نَّفۡعٗا وَلَا ضَرّٗا وَنَقُولُ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ ذُوقُواْ عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ ٱلَّتِي كُنتُم بِهَا تُكَذِّبُونَ ٤٢

But today [i.e., the Day of Judgement] you do not hold for one another [the power of] benefit or harm, and We will say to those who wronged, "Taste the punishment of the Fire, which you used to deny."

No commentary for this ayah

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وَإِذَا تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتُنَا بَيِّنَٰتٖ قَالُواْ مَا هَٰذَآ إِلَّا رَجُلٞ يُرِيدُ أَن يَصُدَّكُمۡ عَمَّا كَانَ يَعۡبُدُ ءَابَآؤُكُمۡ وَقَالُواْ مَا هَٰذَآ إِلَّآ إِفۡكٞ مُّفۡتَرٗىۚ وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لِلۡحَقِّ لَمَّا جَآءَهُمۡ إِنۡ هَٰذَآ إِلَّا سِحۡرٞ مُّبِينٞ ٤٣

And when Our verses are recited to them as clear evidences, they say, "This is not but a man who wishes to avert you from that which your fathers were worshipping." And they say, "This is not except a lie invented." And those who disbelieve say of the truth when it has come to them, "This is not but obvious magic."

﴿أَن يَصُدَّكُمۡ﴾: أن يَمْنَعَكُم.

﴿إِفۡكࣱ مُّفۡتَرࣰى﴾: كَذِبٌ مُخْتَلَقٌ.

﴿مُّبِينࣱ﴾: واضِحٌ.

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وَمَآ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُم مِّن كُتُبٖ يَدۡرُسُونَهَاۖ وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡهِمۡ قَبۡلَكَ مِن نَّذِيرٖ ٤٤

And We had not given them any scriptures which they could study, and We had not sent to them before you, [O Muḥammad], any warner.

﴿يَدۡرُسُونَهَا﴾: يَقْرَؤُونَها ويَفْهَمُونَها.

﴿مِن نَّذِيرࣲ﴾: مِن رَّسولٍ.

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وَكَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ وَمَا بَلَغُواْ مِعۡشَارَ مَآ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُمۡ فَكَذَّبُواْ رُسُلِيۖ فَكَيۡفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ ٤٥

And those before them denied, and they [i.e., the people of Makkah] have not attained a tenth of what We had given them. But they [i.e., the former peoples] denied My messengers, so how [terrible] was My reproach.

﴿وَكَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ﴾: أي: مِنَ الأُمَمِ الماضيةِ كَعادٍ وثمُودَ.

﴿وَمَا بَلَغُواْ﴾: وما بلَغَ أهلُ مَكَّةَ.

﴿مِعۡشَارَ مَآ ءَاتَيۡنَـٰهُمۡ﴾: عُشْرَ ما أعْطَيناهُم مِنَ النِّعَمِ.

﴿نَكِيرِ﴾: إنْكارِي عليهم بالعِقابِ والعَذابِ.

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۞ قُلۡ إِنَّمَآ أَعِظُكُم بِوَٰحِدَةٍۖ أَن تَقُومُواْ لِلَّهِ مَثۡنَىٰ وَفُرَٰدَىٰ ثُمَّ تَتَفَكَّرُواْۚ مَا بِصَاحِبِكُم مِّن جِنَّةٍۚ إِنۡ هُوَ إِلَّا نَذِيرٞ لَّكُم بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡ عَذَابٖ شَدِيدٖ ٤٦

Say, "I only advise you of one [thing] - that you stand for Allāh, [seeking truth] in pairs and individually, and then give thought." There is not in your companion any madness. He is only a warner to you before a severe punishment.

﴿أَعِظُكُم بِوَ ٰ⁠حِدَةٍ﴾: أنْصَحُكُم وأُوصِيكُم بِخَصْلَةٍ واحِدَةٍ.

﴿أَن تَقُومُواْ لِلَّهِ﴾: أن تَجْتَهِدُوا بالقِيامِ لهذا الأَمْرِ، مُخْلِصِينَ للهِ مِن غَيرِ هَوىً ولا عَصَبِيَّةٍ.

﴿مِّن جِنَّةٍ﴾: مِن جُنُونٍ.

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قُلۡ مَا سَأَلۡتُكُم مِّنۡ أَجۡرٖ فَهُوَ لَكُمۡۖ إِنۡ أَجۡرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَى ٱللَّهِۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ شَهِيدٞ ٤٧

Say, "Whatever payment I might have asked of you - it is yours. My payment is only from Allāh, and He is, over all things, Witness."

No commentary for this ayah

34:48Page 433

قُلۡ إِنَّ رَبِّي يَقۡذِفُ بِٱلۡحَقِّ عَلَّٰمُ ٱلۡغُيُوبِ ٤٨

Say, "Indeed, my Lord projects the truth, Knower of the unseen."

﴿يَقۡذِفُ بِٱلۡحَقِّ﴾: يَرْمِي الباطِلَ بالحقِّ فيَدْمَغُه.

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قُلۡ جَآءَ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَمَا يُبۡدِئُ ٱلۡبَٰطِلُ وَمَا يُعِيدُ ٤٩

Say, "The truth has come, and falsehood can neither begin [anything] nor repeat [it]."1

﴿ٱلۡحَقُّ﴾: القرآنُ.

﴿وَمَا يُبۡدِئُ ٱلۡبَـٰطِلُ وَمَا يُعِيدُ﴾: أي: ذَهَبَ واضْمَحَلَّ، ولم يَبْقَ مِنهُ إقْبالٌ ولا إدْبارٌ.

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قُلۡ إِن ضَلَلۡتُ فَإِنَّمَآ أَضِلُّ عَلَىٰ نَفۡسِيۖ وَإِنِ ٱهۡتَدَيۡتُ فَبِمَا يُوحِيٓ إِلَيَّ رَبِّيٓۚ إِنَّهُۥ سَمِيعٞ قَرِيبٞ ٥٠

Say, "If I should err, I would only err against myself. But if I am guided, it is by what my Lord reveals to me. Indeed, He is Hearing and near."

﴿ضَلَلۡتُ﴾: أي: عَنِ الصِّراطِ المُسْتَقِيمِ.

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وَلَوۡ تَرَىٰٓ إِذۡ فَزِعُواْ فَلَا فَوۡتَ وَأُخِذُواْ مِن مَّكَانٖ قَرِيبٖ ٥١

And if you could see1 when they are terrified but there is no escape, and they will be seized from a place nearby.

﴿إِذۡ فَزِعُواْ﴾: خافُوا عِنْدَ مُعايَنَتِهِم العَذابَ.

﴿فَلَا فَوۡتَ﴾: أي: لا يفُوتُنِي أحَدٌ مِنهُم فَيَهْرُبَ.

﴿مَّكَانࣲ قَرِيبࣲ﴾: مَوْضِعٍ قَرِيبٍ، فهُم لا يَبْعُدُونَ عَنِ اللهِ حيثُ كانُوا.

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وَقَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِهِۦ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُمُ ٱلتَّنَاوُشُ مِن مَّكَانِۭ بَعِيدٖ ٥٢

And they will [then] say, "We believe in it!" But how for them will be the taking1 [of faith] from a place far away?2

﴿وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُمُ ٱلتَّنَاوُشُ مِن مَّكَانِۭ بَعِيدࣲ﴾: وكَيْفَ لَهُمْ أن يَتَناوَلُوا الإيمانَ في الآخِرةِ وقَدْ تَرَكُوه في الدُّنيا؟

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وَقَدۡ كَفَرُواْ بِهِۦ مِن قَبۡلُۖ وَيَقۡذِفُونَ بِٱلۡغَيۡبِ مِن مَّكَانِۭ بَعِيدٖ ٥٣

And they had already disbelieved in it before and would assault1 the unseen from a place far away.2

﴿وَيَقۡذِفُونَ بِٱلۡغَيۡبِ مِن مَّكَانِۭ بَعِيدࣲ﴾: يَرْمُونَ مِن مَّكانٍ بَعِيدٍ وهُمْ لا يَرَوْنَ.

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وَحِيلَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ وَبَيۡنَ مَا يَشۡتَهُونَ كَمَا فُعِلَ بِأَشۡيَاعِهِم مِّن قَبۡلُۚ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ فِي شَكّٖ مُّرِيبِۭ ٥٤

And prevention will be placed between them and what they desire,1 as was done with their kind before. Indeed, they were in disquieting doubt [i.e., denial].

﴿وَحِيلَ﴾: وحُجِزَ ومُنِعَ.

﴿مَا يَشۡتَهُونَ﴾: أي: مِنَ التَّوبَةِ والعوْدَةِ إلى الدُّنيا.

﴿بِأَشۡيَاعِهِم﴾: بأمثالِهِم مِنَ الكُفّارِ.

﴿مُّرِيبِۭ﴾: مُوقِعٍ في الرِّيبةِ.

Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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