Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'anSad · 38:1–88

Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an · Tafsir · in Arabic

ص

Sad

The Letter "Saad" · Meccan · 88 ayahs

38:1Page 453

صٓۚ وَٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ ذِي ٱلذِّكۡرِ ١

Ṣād.1 By the Qur’ān containing reminder...2

No commentary for this ayah

38:2Page 453

بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فِي عِزَّةٖ وَشِقَاقٖ ٢

But those who disbelieve are in pride and dissension.

﴿عِزَّةࣲ﴾: تكبُّرٍ عَنِ الحقِّ.

﴿وَشِقَاقࣲ﴾: مُشاقَّةٍ ومُخالَفةٍ للهِ ولِرَسُولِهِ.

38:3Page 453

كَمۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِهِم مِّن قَرۡنٖ فَنَادَواْ وَّلَاتَ حِينَ مَنَاصٖ ٣

How many a generation have We destroyed before them, and they [then] called out; but it was not a time for escape.

﴿كَمۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَا﴾: كَثِيرًا أهْلَكْنا.

﴿مِّن قَرۡنࣲ﴾: مِن أُمَّةٍ.

﴿فَنَادَواْ﴾: فاسْتَغاثُوا حِينَ عايَنُوا العَذابَ.

﴿وَّلَاتَ﴾: ولَيسَ.

﴿حِينَ مَنَاصࣲ﴾: وقتَ فِرارٍ.

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وَعَجِبُوٓاْ أَن جَآءَهُم مُّنذِرٞ مِّنۡهُمۡۖ وَقَالَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ هَٰذَا سَٰحِرٞ كَذَّابٌ ٤

And they wonder that there has come to them a warner [i.e., Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ)] from among themselves. And the disbelievers say, "This is a magician and a liar.

﴿مُّنذِرࣱ مِّنۡهُمۡ﴾: رَسُولٌ مِنهُم.

38:5Page 453

أَجَعَلَ ٱلۡأٓلِهَةَ إِلَٰهٗا وَٰحِدًاۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَشَيۡءٌ عُجَابٞ ٥

Has he made the gods [only] one God? Indeed, this is a curious thing."

﴿عُجَابࣱ﴾: عَجِيبٌ.

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وَٱنطَلَقَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ مِنۡهُمۡ أَنِ ٱمۡشُواْ وَٱصۡبِرُواْ عَلَىٰٓ ءَالِهَتِكُمۡۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَشَيۡءٞ يُرَادُ ٦

And the eminent among them went forth, [saying], "Continue, and be patient over [the defense of] your gods. Indeed, this is a thing intended.1

﴿ٱلۡمَلَأُ﴾: أشْرافُ القوم ورُؤساؤُهُم.

﴿أَنِ ٱمۡشُواْ﴾: أنِ امْضُوا على ما كُنتُم عَلَيهِ ولا تَدْخُلُوا في دِينِه.

﴿وَٱصۡبِرُواْ عَلَىٰٓ ءَالِهَتِكُمۡ﴾: أي: اثبُتُوا على عِبادَتِها.

﴿لَشَيۡءࣱ يُرَادُ﴾: أي: شَيءٌ مُدَبَّرٌ يُريدُهُ محمدٌ بِنا وبآلَهتِنا؛ لِيَتَحَكَّمَ فِينا بِما يُرِيدُ.

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مَا سَمِعۡنَا بِهَٰذَا فِي ٱلۡمِلَّةِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ إِنۡ هَٰذَآ إِلَّا ٱخۡتِلَٰقٌ ٧

We have not heard of this in the latest religion.1 This is not but a fabrication.

﴿ٱلۡمِلَّةِ ٱلۡـَٔاخِرَةِ﴾: هي النَّصْرانِيَّةُ، أو دِينُ قُرَيشٍ.

﴿إِلَّا ٱخۡتِلَـٰقٌ﴾: إلا كَذِبٌ اختَلَقَهُ محمدٌ وافْتَراهُ.

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أَءُنزِلَ عَلَيۡهِ ٱلذِّكۡرُ مِنۢ بَيۡنِنَاۚ بَلۡ هُمۡ فِي شَكّٖ مِّن ذِكۡرِيۚ بَل لَّمَّا يَذُوقُواْ عَذَابِ ٨

Has the message been revealed to him out of [all of] us?" Rather, they are in doubt about My message. Rather, they have not yet tasted My punishment.

No commentary for this ayah

38:9Page 453

أَمۡ عِندَهُمۡ خَزَآئِنُ رَحۡمَةِ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡوَهَّابِ ٩

Or do they have the depositories of the mercy of your Lord, the Exalted in Might, the Bestower?1

No commentary for this ayah

38:10Page 453

أَمۡ لَهُم مُّلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَاۖ فَلۡيَرۡتَقُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَسۡبَٰبِ ١٠

Or is theirs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and what is between them? Then let them ascend through [any] ways of access.1

﴿فَلۡيَرۡتَقُواْ﴾: فَلْيَصْعَدُوا.

﴿ٱلۡأَسۡبَـٰبِ﴾: المعارِجِ إلى السَّماءِ.

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جُندٞ مَّا هُنَالِكَ مَهۡزُومٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابِ ١١

[They are but] soldiers [who will be] defeated there among the companies [of disbelievers].

﴿جُندࣱ مَّا هُنَالِكَ﴾: أي: هَؤُلاءِ الجُنْدُ المكذِّبُونَ الَّذينَ هُم في عِزَّةٍ وشِقاقٍ.

﴿مَهۡزُومࣱ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابِ﴾: سَيُهْزَمُ هَذا الجُنْدُ ويُغلَبُ، كما هُزِمَ الَّذينَ مِن قَبْلِهِم مِنَ الأحْزابِ المكَذِّبِينَ.

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كَذَّبَتۡ قَبۡلَهُمۡ قَوۡمُ نُوحٖ وَعَادٞ وَفِرۡعَوۡنُ ذُو ٱلۡأَوۡتَادِ ١٢

The people of Noah denied before them, and [the tribe of] ʿAad and Pharaoh, the owner of stakes,1

﴿ٱلۡأَوۡتَادِ﴾: صاحِبُ القُوَّةِ العظِيمةِ مِنَ الجُنُودِ والمبانِي الشّاهِقَةِ.

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وَثَمُودُ وَقَوۡمُ لُوطٖ وَأَصۡحَٰبُ لۡـَٔيۡكَةِۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابُ ١٣

And [the tribe of] Thamūd and the people of Lot and the companions of the thicket [i.e., people of Madyan]. Those are the companies.1

﴿وَأَصۡحَـٰبُ لۡـَٔيۡكَةِ﴾: أصْحابُ الأشْجارِ والبَساتِينِ.

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إِن كُلٌّ إِلَّا كَذَّبَ ٱلرُّسُلَ فَحَقَّ عِقَابِ ١٤

Each of them denied the messengers, so My penalty was justified.

﴿فَحَقَّ عِقَابِ﴾: فحَلَّ بهم عِقابِي وعَذابي.

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وَمَا يَنظُرُ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِلَّا صَيۡحَةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ مَّا لَهَا مِن فَوَاقٖ ١٥

And these [disbelievers] await not but one blast [of the Horn]; for it there will be no delay.1

﴿يَنظُرُ﴾: يَنْتَظِرُ.

﴿صَيۡحَةࣰ وَ ٰ⁠حِدَةࣰ﴾: نَفْخَةً واحِدةً في الصُّورِ.

﴿مَّا لَهَا مِن فَوَاقࣲ﴾: مالها مِن تَوقُّفٍ مِقْدارَ فَواقِ ناقَةٍ: وهو مابيَن حَلْبَتَيها مِنَ المدَّةِ القلِيلَةِ.

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وَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا عَجِّل لَّنَا قِطَّنَا قَبۡلَ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ١٦

And they say, "Our Lord, hasten for us our share [of the punishment] before the Day of Account."

﴿قِطَّنَا﴾: نصيبَنا مِنَ العذابِ.

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ٱصۡبِرۡ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَٱذۡكُرۡ عَبۡدَنَا دَاوُۥدَ ذَا ٱلۡأَيۡدِۖ إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٌ ١٧

Be patient over what they say and remember Our servant, David, the possessor of strength; indeed, he was one who repeatedly turned back [to Allāh].

﴿ذَا ٱلۡأَيۡدِ﴾: صاحِبَ القُوَّةِ.

﴿أَوَّابٌ﴾: كَثِيرُ الرُّجُوعِ إلى اللهِ وطاعَتِهِ عَن كُلِّ ما يَكْرَهُهُ.

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إِنَّا سَخَّرۡنَا ٱلۡجِبَالَ مَعَهُۥ يُسَبِّحۡنَ بِٱلۡعَشِيِّ وَٱلۡإِشۡرَاقِ ١٨

Indeed, We subjected the mountains [to praise] with him, exalting [Allāh] in the [late] afternoon and [after] sunrise.

﴿بِٱلۡعَشِيِّ﴾: بآخِرِ النَّهارِ.

﴿وَٱلۡإِشۡرَاقِ﴾: أوَّلِ النَّهارِ.

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وَٱلطَّيۡرَ مَحۡشُورَةٗۖ كُلّٞ لَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٞ ١٩

And the birds were assembled, all with him repeating [praises].

﴿وَٱلطَّيۡرَ مَحۡشُورَةࣰ﴾: أي: سَخَّرْنا الطَّيرَ مَجْمُوعَةً إليهِ تُسَبِّحُ اللهَ مَعَهُ.

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وَشَدَدۡنَا مُلۡكَهُۥ وَءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ ٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَفَصۡلَ ٱلۡخِطَابِ ٢٠

And We strengthened his kingdom and gave him wisdom and discernment in speech.

﴿وَشَدَدۡنَا مُلۡكَهُۥ﴾: أي: قَوَّيْناهُ بأسْبابِ القُوَّةِ كُلِّها.

﴿ٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ﴾: النُّبوَّةَ.

﴿وَفَصۡلَ ٱلۡخِطَابِ﴾: أي: الفَصْلَ في الكَلامِ والخُصُوماتِ.

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۞ وَهَلۡ أَتَىٰكَ نَبَؤُاْ ٱلۡخَصۡمِ إِذۡ تَسَوَّرُواْ ٱلۡمِحۡرَابَ ٢١

And has there come to you the news of the adversaries, when they climbed over the wall of [his] prayer chamber -

﴿نَبَؤُاْ ٱلۡخَصۡمِ﴾: خبرُ المتخاصِمَينِ.

﴿تَسَوَّرُواْ ٱلۡمِحۡرَابَ﴾: تَسَلَّقُوا مَكانَ عِبادَتِهِ وأتَوهُ مِن أعلى سُورِهِ.

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إِذۡ دَخَلُواْ عَلَىٰ دَاوُۥدَ فَفَزِعَ مِنۡهُمۡۖ قَالُواْ لَا تَخَفۡۖ خَصۡمَانِ بَغَىٰ بَعۡضُنَا عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَنَا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَا تُشۡطِطۡ وَٱهۡدِنَآ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ ٱلصِّرَٰطِ ٢٢

When they entered upon David and he was alarmed by them? They said, "Fear not. [We are] two adversaries, one of whom has wronged the other, so judge between us with truth and do not exceed [it] and guide us to the sound path.

﴿فَفَزِعَ﴾: فَخافَ.

﴿بَغَىٰ﴾: ظَلَمَ وتَعدّى.

﴿بِٱلۡحَقِّ﴾: بالعَدْلِ.

﴿وَلَا تُشۡطِطۡ﴾: لا تَجُرْ في حُكْمِكَ.

﴿وَٱهۡدِنَآ﴾: أرْشِدْنا.

﴿سَوَآءِ ٱلصِّرَ ٰ⁠طِ﴾: وسَطِ الطَّرِيقِ وهو الطَّرِيقُ الحقُّ.

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إِنَّ هَٰذَآ أَخِي لَهُۥ تِسۡعٞ وَتِسۡعُونَ نَعۡجَةٗ وَلِيَ نَعۡجَةٞ وَٰحِدَةٞ فَقَالَ أَكۡفِلۡنِيهَا وَعَزَّنِي فِي ٱلۡخِطَابِ ٢٣

Indeed this, my brother, has ninety-nine ewes, and I have one ewe; so he said, 'Entrust her to me,' and he overpowered me in speech."

﴿أَكۡفِلۡنِيهَا﴾: أعْطِنيها حتّى أكْفَلَها.

﴿وَعَزَّنِي﴾: غَلَبَني.

﴿فِي ٱلۡخِطَابِ﴾: في المُحاجَّةِ الكَلامِيَّةِ.

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قَالَ لَقَدۡ ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤَالِ نَعۡجَتِكَ إِلَىٰ نِعَاجِهِۦۖ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡخُلَطَآءِ لَيَبۡغِي بَعۡضُهُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٍ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَقَلِيلٞ مَّا هُمۡۗ وَظَنَّ دَاوُۥدُ أَنَّمَا فَتَنَّٰهُ فَٱسۡتَغۡفَرَ رَبَّهُۥ وَخَرَّۤ رَاكِعٗاۤ وَأَنَابَ۩ ٢٤

[David] said, "He has certainly wronged you in demanding your ewe [in addition] to his ewes. And indeed, many associates oppress one another, except for those who believe and do righteous deeds - and few are they." And David became certain that We had tried him, and he asked forgiveness of his Lord1 and fell down bowing [in prostration] and turned in repentance [to Allāh].

﴿ٱلۡخُلَطَآءِ﴾: الشُّركاءِ.

﴿لَيَبۡغِي﴾: لَيَظْلِمُ ويَتَعَدّى.

﴿وَظَنَّ﴾: أيْقَنَ.

﴿فَتَنَّـٰهُ﴾: ابْتَلَيناهُ وامْتَحَنّاه.

﴿وَخَرَّ رَاكِعࣰا﴾: سَقَطَ ساجِدًا للهِ.

﴿وَأَنَابَ﴾: رَجَعَ إلى اللهِ بالتَّوبَةِ.

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فَغَفَرۡنَا لَهُۥ ذَٰلِكَۖ وَإِنَّ لَهُۥ عِندَنَا لَزُلۡفَىٰ وَحُسۡنَ مَـَٔابٖ ٢٥

So We forgave him that; and indeed, for him is nearness to Us and a good place of return.

﴿لَزُلۡفَىٰ﴾: لقُرْبةً ومَكانَةً.

﴿وَحُسۡنَ مَـَٔابࣲ﴾: حُسْنَ مَرْجِعٍ في الآخِرَةِ، وهو الجنَّةُ.

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يَٰدَاوُۥدُ إِنَّا جَعَلۡنَٰكَ خَلِيفَةٗ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ ٱلۡهَوَىٰ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ شَدِيدُۢ بِمَا نَسُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ٢٦

[We said], "O David, indeed We have made you a successor upon the earth, so judge between the people in truth and do not follow [your own] desire, as it will lead you astray from the way of Allāh." Indeed, those who go astray from the way of Allāh will have a severe punishment for having forgotten the Day of Account.

﴿بِٱلۡحَقِّ﴾: بالعَدْلِ والإنْصافِ.

﴿ٱلۡهَوَىٰ﴾: أي: هَوى النَّفْسِ المُخالِفَ لِلْحَقِّ.

﴿بِمَا نَسُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡحِسَابِ﴾: أي: بِسَبَبِ تَرْكِهِم العَمَلَ لِيومِ الحِسابِ.

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وَمَا خَلَقۡنَا ٱلسَّمَآءَ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا بَٰطِلٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ ظَنُّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْۚ فَوَيۡلٞ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنَ ٱلنَّارِ ٢٧

And We did not create the heaven and the earth and that between them aimlessly. That is the assumption of those who disbelieve, so woe to those who disbelieve from the Fire.

﴿بَـٰطِلࣰا﴾: لَعِبًا وعَبَثًا.

﴿فَوَيۡلࣱ﴾: فَهَلاكٌ.

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أَمۡ نَجۡعَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ كَٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أَمۡ نَجۡعَلُ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ كَٱلۡفُجَّارِ ٢٨

Or should We treat those who believe and do righteous deeds like corrupters in the land? Or should We treat those who fear Allāh like the wicked?

No commentary for this ayah

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كِتَٰبٌ أَنزَلۡنَٰهُ إِلَيۡكَ مُبَٰرَكٞ لِّيَدَّبَّرُوٓاْ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ وَلِيَتَذَكَّرَ أُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِ ٢٩

[This is] a blessed Book which We have revealed to you, [O Muḥammad], that they might reflect upon its verses and that those of understanding would be reminded.

﴿لِّيَدَّبَّرُوٓاْ﴾: لِيَتَفكَّرُوا.

﴿وَلِيَتَذَكَّرَ﴾: ليتَّعِظَ.

﴿أُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَلۡبَـٰبِ﴾: أصْحابُ العُقُولِ السَّلِيمَةِ.

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وَوَهَبۡنَا لِدَاوُۥدَ سُلَيۡمَٰنَۚ نِعۡمَ ٱلۡعَبۡدُ إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٌ ٣٠

And to David We gave Solomon. An excellent servant, indeed he was one repeatedly turning back [to Allāh].

﴿أَوَّابٌ﴾: توّابٌ كثيرُ الرُّجُوعِ إلى اللهِ.

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إِذۡ عُرِضَ عَلَيۡهِ بِٱلۡعَشِيِّ ٱلصَّٰفِنَٰتُ ٱلۡجِيَادُ ٣١

[Mention] when there were exhibited before him in the afternoon the poised [standing] racehorses.

﴿بِٱلۡعَشِيِّ﴾: بآخِرِ النَّهارِ (مِن بَعْدِ الزَّوالِ إلى الغُرُوبِ).

﴿ٱلصَّـٰفِنَـٰتُ﴾: الخُيُولُ الأصِيلةُ الواقِفَةُ على ثَلاثِ قَوائِمَ وطرفِ حافِرِ الرّابِعَةِ.

﴿ٱلۡجِيَادُ﴾: السَّريعَةُ في الجَرْي.

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فَقَالَ إِنِّيٓ أَحۡبَبۡتُ حُبَّ ٱلۡخَيۡرِ عَن ذِكۡرِ رَبِّي حَتَّىٰ تَوَارَتۡ بِٱلۡحِجَابِ ٣٢

And he said, "Indeed, I gave preference to the love of good [things] over the remembrance of my Lord until it [i.e., the sun] disappeared into the curtain [of darkness]."

﴿أَحۡبَبۡتُ حُبَّ ٱلۡخَيۡرِ﴾: آثَرْتُ حُبَّ الخيلِ.

﴿تَوَارَتۡ بِٱلۡحِجَابِ﴾: غَرَبَتِ الشَّمسُ.

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رُدُّوهَا عَلَيَّۖ فَطَفِقَ مَسۡحَۢا بِٱلسُّوقِ وَٱلۡأَعۡنَاقِ ٣٣

[He said], "Return them to me," and set about striking1 [their] legs and necks.

﴿فَطَفِقَ مَسۡحَۢا بِٱلسُّوقِ وَٱلۡأَعۡنَاقِ﴾: فَشَرَعَ يَقْطَعُ سُوقَها وأعْناقَها بالسَّيفِ.

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وَلَقَدۡ فَتَنَّا سُلَيۡمَٰنَ وَأَلۡقَيۡنَا عَلَىٰ كُرۡسِيِّهِۦ جَسَدٗا ثُمَّ أَنَابَ ٣٤

And We certainly tried Solomon and placed on his throne a body;1 then he returned.2

﴿فَتَنَّا﴾: ابتَلَينا.

﴿جَسَدࣰا﴾: شِقَّ ولَدٍ وُلِد لَهُ.

﴿أَنَابَ﴾: رَجَعَ إلى اللهِ بالتَّوبَةِ.

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قَالَ رَبِّ ٱغۡفِرۡ لِي وَهَبۡ لِي مُلۡكٗا لَّا يَنۢبَغِي لِأَحَدٖ مِّنۢ بَعۡدِيٓۖ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلۡوَهَّابُ ٣٥

He said, "My Lord, forgive me and grant me a kingdom such as will not belong to anyone after me. Indeed, You are the Bestower."

No commentary for this ayah

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فَسَخَّرۡنَا لَهُ ٱلرِّيحَ تَجۡرِي بِأَمۡرِهِۦ رُخَآءً حَيۡثُ أَصَابَ ٣٦

So We subjected to him the wind blowing by his command, gently, wherever he directed,

﴿فَسَخَّرۡنَا لَهُ﴾: فَذَلَّلْنا لَه.

﴿رُخَآءً﴾: لَيِّنةً طَيِّعةً.

﴿حَيۡثُ أَصَابَ﴾: حيثُ أرادَ.

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وَٱلشَّيَٰطِينَ كُلَّ بَنَّآءٖ وَغَوَّاصٖ ٣٧

And [also] the devils [of jinn] - every builder and diver

﴿بَنَّآءࣲ﴾: يَبْنِي لَهُ ما يشاءُ.

﴿وَغَوَّاصࣲ﴾: يَغُوصُ في البحْرِ لاسْتِخْراجِ نَفائِسِه.

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وَءَاخَرِينَ مُقَرَّنِينَ فِي ٱلۡأَصۡفَادِ ٣٨

And others bound together in irons.

﴿مُقَرَّنِينَ فِي ٱلۡأَصۡفَادِ﴾: مُقَيَّدين في الأغْلالِ والسَّلاسِلِ.

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هَٰذَا عَطَآؤُنَا فَٱمۡنُنۡ أَوۡ أَمۡسِكۡ بِغَيۡرِ حِسَابٖ ٣٩

[We said], "This is Our gift, so grant or withhold without account."

﴿فَٱمۡنُنۡ أَوۡ أَمۡسِكۡ﴾: فأعْطِ مَن شِئْتَ، وامنَعْ مَن شِئْتَ.

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وَإِنَّ لَهُۥ عِندَنَا لَزُلۡفَىٰ وَحُسۡنَ مَـَٔابٖ ٤٠

And indeed, for him is nearness to Us and a good place of return.

﴿لَزُلۡفَىٰ﴾: لَقُرْبةً وكَرامةً.

﴿وَحُسۡنَ مَـَٔابࣲ﴾: حُسْنَ مَرْجِعٍ في الآخِرَةِ، وهو الجَنّةُ.

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وَٱذۡكُرۡ عَبۡدَنَآ أَيُّوبَ إِذۡ نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُۥٓ أَنِّي مَسَّنِيَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ بِنُصۡبٖ وَعَذَابٍ ٤١

And remember Our servant Job, when he called to his Lord, "Indeed, Satan has touched me with hardship and torment."

﴿بِنُصۡبࣲ﴾: بِتَعَبٍ ومَشَقَّةٍ.

﴿وَعَذَابٍ﴾: ألَمٍ وضُرٍّ.

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ٱرۡكُضۡ بِرِجۡلِكَۖ هَٰذَا مُغۡتَسَلُۢ بَارِدٞ وَشَرَابٞ ٤٢

[So he was told], "Strike [the ground] with your foot; this is a [spring for a] cool bath and drink."

﴿ٱرۡكُضۡ بِرِجۡلِكَ﴾: اضْرِبْ بِها الأرْضَ.

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وَوَهَبۡنَا لَهُۥٓ أَهۡلَهُۥ وَمِثۡلَهُم مَّعَهُمۡ رَحۡمَةٗ مِّنَّا وَذِكۡرَىٰ لِأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِ ٤٣

And We granted him his family and a like [number] with them as mercy from Us and a reminder for those of understanding.

﴿أَهۡلَهُۥ﴾: زَوْجَهُ ووَلَدَهُ.

﴿وَمِثۡلَهُم مَّعَهُمۡ﴾: وزِدْناهُ مِثْلَهُم بَنِينَ وحَفَدَةً.

﴿لِأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَلۡبَـٰبِ﴾: لأصْحابِ العُقُولِ السَّلِيمَةِ.

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وَخُذۡ بِيَدِكَ ضِغۡثٗا فَٱضۡرِب بِّهِۦ وَلَا تَحۡنَثۡۗ إِنَّا وَجَدۡنَٰهُ صَابِرٗاۚ نِّعۡمَ ٱلۡعَبۡدُ إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٞ ٤٤

[We said], "And take in your hand a bunch [of grass] and strike with it and do not break your oath."1 Indeed, We found him patient, an excellent servant. Indeed, he was one repeatedly turning back [to Allāh].

﴿ضِغۡثࣰا﴾: حُزْمَةً مِنَ الحَشِيشِ ونَحْوِهِ.

﴿وَلَا تَحۡنَثۡ﴾: لا تَتْرُكِ الوفاءَ بِيَمِينِكَ.

﴿أَوَّابࣱ﴾: رَجّاعٌ إلى طاعَةِ اللهِ.

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وَٱذۡكُرۡ عِبَٰدَنَآ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ وَإِسۡحَٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَ أُوْلِي ٱلۡأَيۡدِي وَٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرِ ٤٥

And remember Our servants, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob - those of strength and [religious] vision.

﴿أُوْلِي ٱلۡأَيۡدِي﴾: أصْحابَ القُوى في طاعةِ اللهِ.

﴿وَٱلۡأَبۡصَـٰرِ﴾: البصائرِ في الدِّينِ.

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إِنَّآ أَخۡلَصۡنَٰهُم بِخَالِصَةٖ ذِكۡرَى ٱلدَّارِ ٤٦

Indeed, We chose them for an exclusive quality: remembrance of the home [of the Hereafter].

﴿أَخۡلَصۡنَـٰهُم بِخَالِصَةࣲ﴾: خَصَصْناهُم واصْطَفَيناهُم بِخاصَّةٍ عَظِيمَةٍ.

﴿ذِكۡرَى ٱلدَّارِ﴾: ذِكْرِ الدّارِ الآخرةِ في قُلُوبِهِم.

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وَإِنَّهُمۡ عِندَنَا لَمِنَ ٱلۡمُصۡطَفَيۡنَ ٱلۡأَخۡيَارِ ٤٧

And indeed they are, to Us, among the chosen and outstanding.

﴿ٱلۡمُصۡطَفَيۡنَ﴾: الَّذينَ اخْتَرْناهُم لِرِسالَتِنا وطاعَتِنا.

﴿ٱلۡأَخۡيَارِ﴾: الُمخْتارِينَ الفضلاءِ المُخْتَصِّينَ بالخيرِ.

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وَٱذۡكُرۡ إِسۡمَٰعِيلَ وَٱلۡيَسَعَ وَذَا ٱلۡكِفۡلِۖ وَكُلّٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَخۡيَارِ ٤٨

And remember Ishmael, Elisha and Dhul-Kifl, and all are among the outstanding.

No commentary for this ayah

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هَٰذَا ذِكۡرٞۚ وَإِنَّ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ لَحُسۡنَ مَـَٔابٖ ٤٩

This is a reminder. And indeed, for the righteous is a good place of return -

﴿ذِكۡرࣱ﴾: عِظَةٌ وشَرَفٌ لك أيُّها الرسولُ ولِقَومِكَ.

﴿مَـَٔابࣲ﴾: مَصِيرٍ.

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جَنَّٰتِ عَدۡنٖ مُّفَتَّحَةٗ لَّهُمُ ٱلۡأَبۡوَٰبُ ٥٠

Gardens of perpetual residence, whose doors will be opened to them.

﴿جَنَّـٰتِ عَدۡنࣲ﴾: جَنّاتِ إقامَةٍ.

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مُتَّكِـِٔينَ فِيهَا يَدۡعُونَ فِيهَا بِفَٰكِهَةٖ كَثِيرَةٖ وَشَرَابٖ ٥١

Reclining within them, they will call therein for abundant fruit and drink.

﴿مُتَّكِـِٔينَ﴾: جالِسِينَ مُتَمَكِّنِينَ على السُّرُرِ.

﴿يَدۡعُونَ﴾: يَطْلُبُونَ.

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۞ وَعِندَهُمۡ قَٰصِرَٰتُ ٱلطَّرۡفِ أَتۡرَابٌ ٥٢

And with them will be women limiting [their] glances1 and of equal age.

﴿قَـٰصِرَ ٰ⁠تُ ٱلطَّرۡفِ﴾: لا يَمْدُدْنَ أبْصارَهُنَّ إلى غَيْرِ أزْواجِهِنَّ.

﴿أَتۡرَابٌ﴾: مُتَساوِياتٌ في السِّنِّ.

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هَٰذَا مَا تُوعَدُونَ لِيَوۡمِ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ٥٣

This is what you, [the righteous], are promised for the Day of Account.

No commentary for this ayah

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إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَرِزۡقُنَا مَا لَهُۥ مِن نَّفَادٍ ٥٤

Indeed, this is Our provision; for it there is no depletion.

﴿نَّفَادٍ﴾: فَناءٍ وانْقِطاعِ.

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هَٰذَاۚ وَإِنَّ لِلطَّٰغِينَ لَشَرَّ مَـَٔابٖ ٥٥

This [is so]. But indeed, for the transgressors is an evil place of return -

﴿لِلطَّـٰغِينَ﴾: الُمتَجاوِزِينَ الحَدَّ في الكُفْرِ والمعاصِي.

﴿مَـَٔابࣲ﴾: مَرْجِعٍ ومَصِيرٍ.

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جَهَنَّمَ يَصۡلَوۡنَهَا فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمِهَادُ ٥٦

Hell, which they will [enter to] burn, and wretched is the resting place.

﴿يَصۡلَوۡنَهَا﴾: يُعذَّبُونَ فِيها، تَغْمُرُهُم مِن جَمِيعِ جَوانِبِهِم.

﴿ٱلۡمِهَادُ﴾: الفِراشُ.

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هَٰذَا فَلۡيَذُوقُوهُ حَمِيمٞ وَغَسَّاقٞ ٥٧

This - so let them taste it - is scalding water and [foul] purulence.

﴿حَمِيمࣱ﴾: ماءٌ شَدِيدُ الحَرارَةِ.

﴿وَغَسَّاقࣱ﴾: صَدِيدٌ سائِلٌ مِن أجْسادِ أهْلِ النّارِ.

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وَءَاخَرُ مِن شَكۡلِهِۦٓ أَزۡوَٰجٌ ٥٨

And other [punishments] of its type [in various] kinds.

﴿وَءَاخَرُ﴾: عَذابٌ آخَرُ.

﴿شَكۡلِهِۦٓ﴾: مِثْلِه.

﴿أَزۡوَ ٰ⁠جٌ﴾: أصْنافٌ وألْوانٌ.

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هَٰذَا فَوۡجٞ مُّقۡتَحِمٞ مَّعَكُمۡ لَا مَرۡحَبَۢا بِهِمۡۚ إِنَّهُمۡ صَالُواْ ٱلنَّارِ ٥٩

[Its inhabitants will say], "This is a company bursting in with you. No welcome for them. Indeed, they will burn in the Fire."

﴿فَوۡجࣱ﴾: جَماعَةٌ عَظِيمةٌ.

﴿مُّقۡتَحِمࣱ﴾: داخِلٌ.

﴿صَالُواْ ٱلنَّارِ﴾: مُقاسُونَ حَرَّها.

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قَالُواْ بَلۡ أَنتُمۡ لَا مَرۡحَبَۢا بِكُمۡۖ أَنتُمۡ قَدَّمۡتُمُوهُ لَنَاۖ فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡقَرَارُ ٦٠

They will say, "Nor you! No welcome for you. You, [our leaders], brought this upon us, and wretched is the settlement."

﴿قَدَّمۡتُمُوهُ لَنَا﴾: بَدَأْتُم بالكُفْرِ قَبْلنا وسَنَنْتُمُوهُ لَنا.

﴿ٱلۡقَرَارُ﴾: دارُ الاسْتِقْرارِ، وهي جَهَنَّمُ.

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قَالُواْ رَبَّنَا مَن قَدَّمَ لَنَا هَٰذَا فَزِدۡهُ عَذَابٗا ضِعۡفٗا فِي ٱلنَّارِ ٦١

They will say, "Our Lord, whoever brought this upon us - increase for him double punishment in the Fire."

﴿ضِعۡفࣰا﴾: مُضاعَفًا.

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وَقَالُواْ مَا لَنَا لَا نَرَىٰ رِجَالٗا كُنَّا نَعُدُّهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأَشۡرَارِ ٦٢

And they will say, "Why do we not see men whom we used to count among the worst?1

No commentary for this ayah

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أَتَّخَذۡنَٰهُمۡ سِخۡرِيًّا أَمۡ زَاغَتۡ عَنۡهُمُ ٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرُ ٦٣

Is it [because] we took them in ridicule, or has [our] vision turned away from them?"

﴿أَتَّخَذۡنَـٰهُمۡ سِخۡرِيًّا﴾: هَلْ أخْطأنا في تَحْقِيرِنا لَهُم، واسْتِهْزائِنا بِهِم؟

﴿زَاغَتۡ﴾: لم تَقَعْ عَلَيهِم.

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إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَحَقّٞ تَخَاصُمُ أَهۡلِ ٱلنَّارِ ٦٤

Indeed, that is truth [i.e., reality] - the quarreling of the people of the Fire.

﴿ذَ ٰ⁠لِكَ﴾: جِدالَ أهْلِ النّارِ وخِصامَهُم.

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قُلۡ إِنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ مُنذِرٞۖ وَمَا مِنۡ إِلَٰهٍ إِلَّا ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡوَٰحِدُ ٱلۡقَهَّارُ ٦٥

Say, [O Muḥammad], "I am only a warner, and there is not any deity except Allāh, the One, the Prevailing,1

﴿ٱلۡقَهَّارُ﴾: الَّذي قَهَرَ كُلَّ شَيءٍ وغَلَبَهُ.

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رَبُّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡغَفَّٰرُ ٦٦

Lord of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them, the Exalted in Might,1 the Perpetual Forgiver."2

No commentary for this ayah

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قُلۡ هُوَ نَبَؤٌاْ عَظِيمٌ ٦٧

Say, "It is great news

﴿نَبَؤٌاْ عَظِيمٌ﴾: خَبَرٌ عظِيمُ النَّفْعِ.

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أَنتُمۡ عَنۡهُ مُعۡرِضُونَ ٦٨

From which you turn away.

No commentary for this ayah

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مَا كَانَ لِيَ مِنۡ عِلۡمِۭ بِٱلۡمَلَإِ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰٓ إِذۡ يَخۡتَصِمُونَ ٦٩

I had no knowledge of the exalted assembly [of angels] when they were disputing [the creation of Adam].

﴿بِٱلۡمَلَإِ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰٓ﴾: مَلائِكَةِ السَّماءِ.

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إِن يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَيَّ إِلَّآ أَنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ نَذِيرٞ مُّبِينٌ ٧٠

It has not been revealed to me except that I am a clear warner."

No commentary for this ayah

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إِذۡ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ إِنِّي خَٰلِقُۢ بَشَرٗا مِّن طِينٖ ٧١

[So mention] when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I am going to create a human being from clay.

No commentary for this ayah

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فَإِذَا سَوَّيۡتُهُۥ وَنَفَخۡتُ فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِي فَقَعُواْ لَهُۥ سَٰجِدِينَ ٧٢

So when I have proportioned him and breathed into him of My [created] soul,1 then fall down to him in prostration."

﴿رُّوحِي﴾: رُوحِ الحَياةِ الَّتي يَخْلُقُها اللهُ.

﴿فَقَعُواْ لَهُۥ سَـٰجِدِينَ﴾: فاسْجُدُوا لَهُ سُجُودَ تَحِيَّةٍ وإكْرامٍ، لا سُجُودَ عِبادَةٍ وتَعْظِيمٍ.

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فَسَجَدَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ كُلُّهُمۡ أَجۡمَعُونَ ٧٣

So the angels prostrated - all of them entirely,

No commentary for this ayah

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إِلَّآ إِبۡلِيسَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٧٤

Except Iblees;1 he was arrogant and became among the disbelievers.

No commentary for this ayah

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قَالَ يَٰٓإِبۡلِيسُ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَن تَسۡجُدَ لِمَا خَلَقۡتُ بِيَدَيَّۖ أَسۡتَكۡبَرۡتَ أَمۡ كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلۡعَالِينَ ٧٥

[Allāh] said, "O Iblees, what prevented you from prostrating to that which I created with My hands?1 Were you arrogant [then], or were you [already] among the haughty?"

﴿أَسۡتَكۡبَرۡتَ﴾: أتَعَظَّمْتَ وتَكَبَّرْتَ الآنَ عَنِ السُّجُودِ لآدَمَ؟

﴿أَمۡ كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلۡعَالِينَ﴾: أم كُنْتَ مِنَ الُمتَكَبِّرِينَ عَلى رَبِكَ مِن قَبْلُ.

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قَالَ أَنَا۠ خَيۡرٞ مِّنۡهُ خَلَقۡتَنِي مِن نَّارٖ وَخَلَقۡتَهُۥ مِن طِينٖ ٧٦

He said, "I am better than him. You created me from fire and created him from clay."

No commentary for this ayah

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قَالَ فَٱخۡرُجۡ مِنۡهَا فَإِنَّكَ رَجِيمٞ ٧٧

[Allāh] said, "Then get out of it [i.e., Paradise], for indeed, you are expelled.

﴿رَجِيمࣱ﴾: مَطْرُودٌ.

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وَإِنَّ عَلَيۡكَ لَعۡنَتِيٓ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلدِّينِ ٧٨

And indeed, upon you is My curse until the Day of Recompense."

﴿لَعۡنَتِيٓ﴾: طَرْدِي وإبْعادِي.

﴿ٱلدِّينِ﴾: الجَزاءِ.

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قَالَ رَبِّ فَأَنظِرۡنِيٓ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ يُبۡعَثُونَ ٧٩

He said, "My Lord, then reprieve me until the Day they are resurrected."

﴿فَأَنظِرۡنِيٓ﴾: فأخِّرْ أجَلِي، ولا تُهْلِكْنِي.

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قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُنظَرِينَ ٨٠

[Allāh] said, "So indeed, you are of those reprieved

﴿ٱلۡمُنظَرِينَ﴾: المُؤَخَّرِينَ.

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إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡوَقۡتِ ٱلۡمَعۡلُومِ ٨١

Until the Day of the time well-known."

﴿إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡوَقۡتِ ٱلۡمَعۡلُومِ﴾: إلى يومِ النَّفْخَةِ الأُولى الَّتي يَمُوتُ مِنها مَن بَقِيَ مِنَ الخلائِقِ.

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قَالَ فَبِعِزَّتِكَ لَأُغۡوِيَنَّهُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٨٢

[Iblees] said, "By Your might, I will surely mislead them all

No commentary for this ayah

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إِلَّا عِبَادَكَ مِنۡهُمُ ٱلۡمُخۡلَصِينَ ٨٣

Except, among them, Your chosen servants."

﴿ٱلۡمُخۡلَصِينَ﴾: الَّذينَ أخْلَصْتَهُم لِعِبادَتِكَ وعَصَمْتَهم من إضْلالِ الشَّيطانِ.

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قَالَ فَٱلۡحَقُّ وَٱلۡحَقَّ أَقُولُ ٨٤

[Allāh] said, "The truth [is My oath], and the truth I say -

No commentary for this ayah

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لَأَمۡلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنكَ وَمِمَّن تَبِعَكَ مِنۡهُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٨٥

[That] I will surely fill Hell with you and those of them that follow you all together."

No commentary for this ayah

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قُلۡ مَآ أَسۡـَٔلُكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ مِنۡ أَجۡرٖ وَمَآ أَنَا۠ مِنَ ٱلۡمُتَكَلِّفِينَ ٨٦

Say, [O Muḥammad], "I do not ask you for it [i.e., the Qur’ān] any payment, and I am not of the pretentious.

﴿ٱلۡمُتَكَلِّفِينَ﴾: الُمتَقَوِّلينَ للقُرآنِ مِن تِلْقاءِ نَفْسِي.

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إِنۡ هُوَ إِلَّا ذِكۡرٞ لِّلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٨٧

It is but a reminder to the worlds.

﴿ذِكۡرࣱ﴾: تَذْكِيرٌ.

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وَلَتَعۡلَمُنَّ نَبَأَهُۥ بَعۡدَ حِينِۭ ٨٨

And you will surely know [the truth of] its information after a time."

﴿نَبَأَهُۥ﴾: خَبَرَ صِدْقِ القُرآنِ.

﴿بَعۡدَ حِينِۭ﴾: حِينَ يَغْلِبُ الإسْلامُ، وحيِنَ يَقَعُ عَلَيكُم العَذابُ.

Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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