Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'anAsh‑Shuraa · 42:1–53

Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an · Tafsir · in Arabic

الشورى

Ash-Shuraa

The Consultation · Meccan · 53 ayahs

42:1–2Page 483

حمٓ ١

Ḥā, Meem.

عٓسٓقٓ ٢

ʿAyn, Seen, Qāf.1

﴿حمٓ عٓسٓقٓ﴾: سَبَقَ الكَلامُ عَلى الحروفِ المقطَّعةِ في أوَّلِ سُورةِ البقرةِ.

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كَذَٰلِكَ يُوحِيٓ إِلَيۡكَ وَإِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِكَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٣

Thus has He revealed to you, [O Muḥammad], and to those before you - Allāh, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.

﴿ٱلۡعَزِيزُ﴾: القويُّ الَّذِي لا يُعْجِزُهُ شَيءٌ أرادَهُ.

﴿ٱلۡحَكِيمُ﴾: الَّذِي لا يَدْخُلُ تَدْبِيرَهُ خَلَلٌ ولا زَلَلٌ.

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لَهُۥ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَلِيُّ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ ٤

To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth, and He is the Most High, the Most Great.1

﴿ٱلۡعَلِيُّ﴾: العالي بِذاتِهِ وقُدْرَتِهِ وقَهْرِهِ.

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تَكَادُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتُ يَتَفَطَّرۡنَ مِن فَوۡقِهِنَّۚ وَٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمۡدِ رَبِّهِمۡ وَيَسۡتَغۡفِرُونَ لِمَن فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۗ أَلَآ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلۡغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٥

The heavens almost break from above them,1 and the angels exalt [Allāh] with praise of their Lord and ask forgiveness for those on earth. Unquestionably, it is Allāh who is the Forgiving, the Merciful.

﴿يَتَفَطَّرۡنَ﴾: يَتَشَقَّقْنَ.

﴿مِن فَوۡقِهِنَّ﴾: مِن أعْلاهُنَّ مِن عَظَمِةِ اللهِ وجَلالِهِ.

﴿يُسَبِّحُونَ﴾: يُنَزِّهُونَ اللهَ عَمّا لا يَلِيقُ بِهِ قائِلِينَ: سُبَحانَ اللهِ.

﴿وَيَسۡتَغۡفِرُونَ لِمَن فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ﴾: ويَطْلُبُونَ مِن رَبِّهِم أن يَسْتُرَ ذُنُوبَ أهْلِ الأَرْضِ مِنَ المُؤمِنِين.

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وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوۡلِيَآءَ ٱللَّهُ حَفِيظٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَمَآ أَنتَ عَلَيۡهِم بِوَكِيلٖ ٦

And those who take as allies other than Him - Allāh is [yet] Guardian over them; and you, [O Muḥammad], are not over them a manager -

﴿مِن دُونِهِۦٓ﴾: غَيرَ اللهِ.

﴿أَوۡلِيَآءَ﴾: مَعْبُودِينَ يَتَوَلَّونَهُم بالمحبَّةِ والتَّعظِيمِ.

﴿ٱللَّهُ حَفِيظٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ﴾: يُحْصِي عَلَيهِم أعْمالَهُم فَيُجازِيهِم بِها يَومَ القِيامةِ.

﴿وَمَآ أَنتَ عَلَيۡهِم بِوَكِيلࣲ﴾: ولَسْتَ مُوَكَّلًا بِحِفْظِ أعمالِهِم وإنّما أنتَ مُنْذِرٌ.

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وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَيۡكَ قُرۡءَانًا عَرَبِيّٗا لِّتُنذِرَ أُمَّ ٱلۡقُرَىٰ وَمَنۡ حَوۡلَهَا وَتُنذِرَ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡجَمۡعِ لَا رَيۡبَ فِيهِۚ فَرِيقٞ فِي ٱلۡجَنَّةِ وَفَرِيقٞ فِي ٱلسَّعِيرِ ٧

And thus We have revealed to you an Arabic Qur’ān that you may warn the Mother of Cities [i.e., Makkah] and those around it1 and warn of the Day of Assembly, about which there is no doubt. A party will be in Paradise and a party in the Blaze.

﴿وَكَذَ ٰ⁠لِكَ﴾: مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ الإيجادِ.

﴿لِّتُنذِرَ أُمَّ ٱلۡقُرَىٰ﴾: لتُخَوِّفَ أهْلَ مَكَّةَ العَذابَ.

﴿وَمَنۡ حَوۡلَهَا﴾: وتُنْذِرَ مَن حَولَ مَكَّةَ مِن سائِر الناسِ العَذابَ.

﴿يَوۡمَ ٱلۡجَمۡعِ﴾: يومَ القِيامةِ، وسُمِّيَ بيومِ الجمْعِ لاجْتِماعِ الخلائقِ فِيهِ.

﴿لَا رَيۡبَ فِيهِ﴾: لا شَكَّ فِيه.

﴿ٱلسَّعِيرِ﴾: النّارِ الموقَدةِ على أهْلِها.

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وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَجَعَلَهُمۡ أُمَّةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ وَلَٰكِن يُدۡخِلُ مَن يَشَآءُ فِي رَحۡمَتِهِۦۚ وَٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ مَا لَهُم مِّن وَلِيّٖ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ ٨

And if Allāh willed, He could have made them [of] one religion, but He admits whom He wills1 into His mercy. And the wrongdoers have not any protector or helper.

﴿أُمَّةࣰ وَ ٰ⁠حِدَةࣰ﴾: أهْلَ دِينٍ واحِدٍ.

﴿وَٱلظَّـٰلِمُونَ﴾: والكافِرُونَ بِاللهِ.

﴿وَلِيࣲّ﴾: قَرِيبٍ مُحِبٍّ يَتَوَلّاهُم بِنَفْعِهِ.

﴿نَصِيرٍ﴾: ناصِرٍ يَمْنَعُهم مِن عِقابِ اللهِ حِينَ يُعاقِبُهُم.

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أَمِ ٱتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوۡلِيَآءَۖ فَٱللَّهُ هُوَ ٱلۡوَلِيُّ وَهُوَ يُحۡيِ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ٩

Or have they taken protectors [or allies] besides Him? But Allāh - He is the Protector, and He gives life to the dead, and He is over all things competent.

﴿أَمِ ٱتَّخَذُواْ﴾: بَل اتَّخَذُوا.

﴿أَوۡلِيَآءَ﴾: مَعْبودِينَ يَتَوَلَّونَهُم بالمحَبَّةِ والتَّعْظِيمِ ويَطْلُبُونَ مِنهُم النَّفْعَ والنُّصْرَةَ.

﴿ٱلۡوَلِيُّ﴾: النّاصِرُ المُعِينُ الَّذِي تَنْفَعُ وِلايتُهُ، يَتَوَلّاهُ عَبْدُهُ بالعِبادَةِ والطّاعَةِ، ويَتَوَلّى عِبادَهُ المؤمِنِينَ بِهدايَتِهِم وإعانَتِهِم، ويَتَولّى عُمُومَ خَلْقِهِ بَتَدْبِيرِهِ ونُفُوذِ القَدَرِ فِيهِم.

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وَمَا ٱخۡتَلَفۡتُمۡ فِيهِ مِن شَيۡءٖ فَحُكۡمُهُۥٓ إِلَى ٱللَّهِۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱللَّهُ رَبِّي عَلَيۡهِ تَوَكَّلۡتُ وَإِلَيۡهِ أُنِيبُ ١٠

And in anything over which you disagree - its ruling is [to be referred] to Allāh. [Say], "That is Allāh, my Lord; upon Him I have relied, and to Him I turn back."1

﴿عَلَيۡهِ تَوَكَّلۡتُ﴾: اعتمدت على الله بقلبي في جَلْبِ المنافِعِ ودَفْعِ المضارِّ.

﴿وَإِلَيۡهِ أُنِيبُ﴾: أرْجِعُ إلى اللهِ في جَمِيعِ أُمُوريِ.

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فَاطِرُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ جَعَلَ لَكُم مِّنۡ أَنفُسِكُمۡ أَزۡوَٰجٗا وَمِنَ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ أَزۡوَٰجٗا يَذۡرَؤُكُمۡ فِيهِۚ لَيۡسَ كَمِثۡلِهِۦ شَيۡءٞۖ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡبَصِيرُ ١١

[He is] Creator of the heavens and the earth. He has made for you from yourselves, mates, and among the cattle, mates; He multiplies you thereby. There is nothing like unto Him,1 and He is the Hearing, the Seeing.2

﴿فَاطِرُ﴾: خالِقُ ومُبْدِعُ.

﴿وَمِنَ ٱلۡأَنۡعَـٰمِ أَزۡوَ ٰ⁠جࣰا﴾: وجَعَلَ مِنَ الأنْعامِ أزْواجًا ذُكُورًا وإناثًا.

﴿يَذۡرَؤُكُمۡ فِيهِ﴾: يُكَثِّرُكُم بسَبِبِ هَذا التَّزاوُجِ بِالتَّوالُدِ نَسْلًا بَعْدَ نسْلٍ.

﴿لَيۡسَ كَمِثۡلِهِۦ شَيۡءࣱ﴾: لا يُماثِلُهُ شَيءٌ مِن مَّخلُوقاتِهِ لا في ذاتِهِ ولا في صِفاتِهِ ولا في أسْمائِهِ ولا في أفْعالِهِ، لانْفِرادِهِ وتَوَحُّدِهِ بِالكَمالِ مِن كُلِّ وجْهٍ.

﴿وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ﴾: لجَمِيعِ الأصْواتِ.

﴿ٱلۡبَصِيرُ﴾:: لِأَعْمالِ الخلْقِ لا يَخْفى عَلَيهِ شَيءٌ مِنها.

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لَهُۥ مَقَالِيدُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ يَبۡسُطُ ٱلرِّزۡقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَقۡدِرُۚ إِنَّهُۥ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٞ ١٢

To Him belong the keys of the heavens and the earth. He extends provision for whom He wills and restricts [it]. Indeed He is, of all things, Knowing.

﴿مَقَالِيدُ ٱلسَّمَـٰوَ ٰ⁠تِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ﴾: مَفاتِيحُ خَزائِنِ السَّمواتِ والأرْضِ.

﴿يَبۡسُطُ﴾: يُوسِّعُ.

﴿وَيَقۡدِرُ﴾: ويُضَيِّقُ.

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۞ شَرَعَ لَكُم مِّنَ ٱلدِّينِ مَا وَصَّىٰ بِهِۦ نُوحٗا وَٱلَّذِيٓ أَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَيۡكَ وَمَا وَصَّيۡنَا بِهِۦٓ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ وَمُوسَىٰ وَعِيسَىٰٓۖ أَنۡ أَقِيمُواْ ٱلدِّينَ وَلَا تَتَفَرَّقُواْ فِيهِۚ كَبُرَ عَلَى ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ مَا تَدۡعُوهُمۡ إِلَيۡهِۚ ٱللَّهُ يَجۡتَبِيٓ إِلَيۡهِ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَهۡدِيٓ إِلَيۡهِ مَن يُنِيبُ ١٣

He has ordained for you of religion what He enjoined upon Noah and that which We have revealed to you, [O Muḥammad], and what We enjoined upon Abraham and Moses and Jesus - to establish the religion and not be divided therein. Difficult for those who associate others with Allāh is that to which you invite them. Allāh chooses for Himself whom He wills and guides to Himself whoever turns back [to Him].

﴿شَرَعَ﴾: بَيَّنَ ووَضِّحَ.

﴿أَنۡ أَقِيمُواْ ٱلدِّينَ﴾: التَّوحِيدَ.

﴿كَبُرَ﴾: عَظُمَ.

﴿يَجۡتَبِيٓ إِلَيۡهِ﴾: يَصْطَفِي إلى التَّوحِيدِ.

﴿وَيَهۡدِيٓ﴾: ويُوَفِّقُ للعَمَلِ بِطاعَتِهِ.

﴿يُنِيبُ﴾: يَرْجِعُ عَنِ الكُفْرِ ويَحْرِصُ على الخيرِ.

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وَمَا تَفَرَّقُوٓاْ إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلۡعِلۡمُ بَغۡيَۢا بَيۡنَهُمۡۚ وَلَوۡلَا كَلِمَةٞ سَبَقَتۡ مِن رَّبِّكَ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٖ مُّسَمّٗى لَّقُضِيَ بَيۡنَهُمۡۚ وَإِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ أُورِثُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِمۡ لَفِي شَكّٖ مِّنۡهُ مُرِيبٖ ١٤

And they did not become divided until after knowledge had come to them - out of jealous animosity between themselves. And if not for a word1 that preceded from your Lord [postponing the penalty] until a specified time, it would have been concluded between them. And indeed, those who were granted inheritance of the Scripture after them are, concerning it, in disquieting doubt.

﴿بَغۡيَۢا بَيۡنَهُمۡ﴾: تجاوُزًا للحَدِّ واعْتِداءً مِن بَعْضِهم علىِ بَعْضٍ.

﴿كَلِمَةࣱ سَبَقَتۡ مِن رَّبِّكَ﴾: بتأخِيرِ العذابِ عَنْهُم.

﴿أَجَلࣲ مُّسَمࣰّى﴾: يَومِ القِيامَةِ.

﴿لَّقُضِيَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ﴾: لفُصِلَ بينَهُم بِتَعْجِيلِ عَذابِ الكافِريِنَ مِنهُم في الدُّنيا.

﴿مُرِيبࣲ﴾: مُوقِعٍ في الرِّيَبةِ والاخْتِلافِ المَذْمُومِ.

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فَلِذَٰلِكَ فَٱدۡعُۖ وَٱسۡتَقِمۡ كَمَآ أُمِرۡتَۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ أَهۡوَآءَهُمۡۖ وَقُلۡ ءَامَنتُ بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِن كِتَٰبٖۖ وَأُمِرۡتُ لِأَعۡدِلَ بَيۡنَكُمُۖ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّنَا وَرَبُّكُمۡۖ لَنَآ أَعۡمَٰلُنَا وَلَكُمۡ أَعۡمَٰلُكُمۡۖ لَا حُجَّةَ بَيۡنَنَا وَبَيۡنَكُمُۖ ٱللَّهُ يَجۡمَعُ بَيۡنَنَاۖ وَإِلَيۡهِ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ١٥

So to that [religion of Allāh] invite, [O Muḥammad],1 and remain on a right course as you are commanded and do not follow their inclinations but say, "I have believed in what Allāh has revealed of scripture [i.e., the Qur’ān], and I have been commanded to do justice among you. Allāh is our Lord and your Lord. For us are our deeds, and for you your deeds.2 There is no [need for] argument between us and you.3 Allāh will bring us together, and to Him is the [final] destination."

﴿فَلِذَ ٰ⁠لِكَ﴾: فإلى ذَلِك الدِّينِ القيِّمِ.

﴿مِن كِتَـٰبࣲ﴾: مِنَ الكُتُب.

﴿لَا حُجَّةَ﴾: لا خُصُومةَ ولا جِدالَ بَعْدَ تَبَيُّنِ الحقِّ.

﴿ٱلۡمَصِيرُ﴾: المرجِعُ.

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وَٱلَّذِينَ يُحَآجُّونَ فِي ٱللَّهِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا ٱسۡتُجِيبَ لَهُۥ حُجَّتُهُمۡ دَاحِضَةٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ وَعَلَيۡهِمۡ غَضَبٞ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ شَدِيدٌ ١٦

And those who argue concerning Allāh after He has been responded to1 - their argument is invalid with their Lord, and upon them is [His] wrath, and for them is a severe punishment.

﴿يُحَآجُّونَ﴾: يُجادِلُونَ في دِينِ اللهِ بالإبْطالِ وفِتْنَةِ النّاسِ عَنْهُ.

﴿مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا ٱسۡتُجِيبَ لَهُۥ﴾: مِن بَعْدِ ما اسْتَجابَ النّاسُ لمحمَّدٍ ﷺ وأَسْلَمُوا.

﴿حُجَّتُهُمۡ دَاحِضَةٌ﴾: مُجادَلَتُهُم باطِلةٌ.

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ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَنزَلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَٱلۡمِيزَانَۗ وَمَا يُدۡرِيكَ لَعَلَّ ٱلسَّاعَةَ قَرِيبٞ ١٧

It is Allāh who has sent down the Book in truth and [also] the balance [i.e., justice]. And what will make you perceive? Perhaps the Hour is near.

﴿بِٱلۡحَقِّ﴾: بالصِّدقِ.

﴿وَٱلۡمِيزَانَ﴾: العَدْلَ.

﴿وَمَا يُدۡرِيكَ﴾: وأيَّ شَيءٍ يُعْلِمُكَ؟

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يَسۡتَعۡجِلُ بِهَا ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِهَاۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مُشۡفِقُونَ مِنۡهَا وَيَعۡلَمُونَ أَنَّهَا ٱلۡحَقُّۗ أَلَآ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يُمَارُونَ فِي ٱلسَّاعَةِ لَفِي ضَلَٰلِۭ بَعِيدٍ ١٨

Those who do not believe in it are impatient for it,1 but those who believe are fearful of it and know that it is the truth. Unquestionably, those who dispute concerning the Hour are in extreme error.

﴿مُشۡفِقُونَ مِنۡهَا﴾: خائِفُونَ مِن قِيامِها.

﴿يُمَارُونَ﴾: يُخاصِمُونَ ويُجادِلُونَ.

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ٱللَّهُ لَطِيفُۢ بِعِبَادِهِۦ يَرۡزُقُ مَن يَشَآءُۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡقَوِيُّ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ١٩

Allāh is Subtle1 with His servants; He gives provision to whom He wills. And He is the Powerful, the Exalted in Might.

﴿لَطِيفُۢ بِعِبَادِهِۦ﴾: رَفِيقٌ بالِغُ الرَّأْفةِ بِعبادِهِ المؤْمِنِينَ.

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مَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرۡثَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ نَزِدۡ لَهُۥ فِي حَرۡثِهِۦۖ وَمَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرۡثَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا نُؤۡتِهِۦ مِنۡهَا وَمَا لَهُۥ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ مِن نَّصِيبٍ ٢٠

Whoever desires the harvest of the Hereafter - We increase for him in his harvest [i.e., reward]. And whoever desires the harvest [i.e., benefits] of this world - We give him thereof, but there is not for him in the Hereafter any share.

﴿حَرۡثَ ٱلۡـَٔاخِرَةِ﴾: عَمَلًا لِأَجْلِ الآخِرةِ.

﴿حَرۡثِهِۦ﴾: عَمَلِهِ الحَسَنِ.

﴿وَمَن كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرۡثَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا﴾: ومَن كانَ يُريدُ بِعَمَلِهِ الدُّنيا، لا يَسْعى إلا لَها، وهُوَ الكافرُ بالآخِرةِ.

﴿نُؤۡتِهِۦ مِنۡهَا﴾: نُعْطِه مِنَ الدُّنيا ما قَسَمْناهُ له مِن مُّدَةِ حياةٍ وعافِيةٍ ورزْقٍ.

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أَمۡ لَهُمۡ شُرَكَٰٓؤُاْ شَرَعُواْ لَهُم مِّنَ ٱلدِّينِ مَا لَمۡ يَأۡذَنۢ بِهِ ٱللَّهُۚ وَلَوۡلَا كَلِمَةُ ٱلۡفَصۡلِ لَقُضِيَ بَيۡنَهُمۡۗ وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ٢١

Or have they partners [i.e., other deities] who have ordained for them a religion to which Allāh has not consented? But if not for the decisive word,1 it would have been concluded between them. And indeed, the wrongdoers will have a painful punishment.

﴿شَرَعُواْ لَهُم﴾: ابْتَدَعُوا لَهُم.

﴿كَلِمَةُ ٱلۡفَصۡلِ﴾: القَضاءُ السّابقُ بأنّ الجَزاءَ يومَ القِيامَةِ.

﴿لَقُضِيَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ﴾: لفُرِغَ مِنَ الحُكْمِ بَينَكُم وبَينَهُم بِتَعْجِيلِ العَذابِ لَهُم في الدُّنيا.

﴿وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ﴾: وإنَّ الكافِرِينَ باللهِ.

﴿أَلِيمࣱ﴾: مُوجِعٌ.

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تَرَى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ مُشۡفِقِينَ مِمَّا كَسَبُواْ وَهُوَ وَاقِعُۢ بِهِمۡۗ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فِي رَوۡضَاتِ ٱلۡجَنَّاتِۖ لَهُم مَّا يَشَآءُونَ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلۡفَضۡلُ ٱلۡكَبِيرُ ٢٢

You will see the wrongdoers fearful of what they have earned, and it will [certainly] befall them. And those who have believed and done righteous deeds will be in lush regions of the gardens [in Paradise] having whatever they will in the presence of their Lord. That is what is the great bounty.

﴿ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ﴾: الكافِرينَ.

﴿مُشۡفِقِينَ﴾: خائِفِينَ.

﴿وَهُوَ وَاقِعُۢ بِهِمۡ﴾: والعَذابُ نازلٌ بِهِم.

﴿رَوۡضَاتِ ٱلۡجَنَّاتِ﴾: بَساتِينِ الجَّناتِ، وأنْزَهِها.

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ذَٰلِكَ ٱلَّذِي يُبَشِّرُ ٱللَّهُ عِبَادَهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِۗ قُل لَّآ أَسۡـَٔلُكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ أَجۡرًا إِلَّا ٱلۡمَوَدَّةَ فِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰۗ وَمَن يَقۡتَرِفۡ حَسَنَةٗ نَّزِدۡ لَهُۥ فِيهَا حُسۡنًاۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ شَكُورٌ ٢٣

It is that of which Allāh gives good tidings to His servants who believe and do righteous deeds. Say, [O Muḥammad], "I do not ask you for it [i.e., this message] any payment [but] only good will through [i.e., due to] kinship." And whoever commits a good deed - We will increase for him good therein. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Appreciative.1

﴿لَّآ أَسۡـَٔلُكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ أَجۡرًا﴾: لا أسْأَلُكُم عَلى ما أدْعُوكُم إلَيهِ مِنَ الحقِّ عِوَضًا مِن أمْوالِكُم.

﴿إِلَّا ٱلۡمَوَدَّةَ فِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ﴾: إلّا أن تَوَدُّوني في قَرابتِي مِنكُم، وتَصِلُوا الرَّحِمَ التِّي بينِي وبَينَكُم.

﴿وَمَن يَقۡتَرِفۡ﴾: ومَن يَكْتَسِبْ.

﴿نَّزِدۡ لَهُۥ فِيهَا حُسۡنًا﴾: نُضاعِفْ لَهُ تِلْكَ الحَسَنَةَ.

﴿غَفُورࣱ﴾: ساتِرٌ عُيُوبَ عِبادِهِ.

﴿شَكُورٌ﴾: كَثِيرُ الشُّكْرِ للمُطِيعِينَ.

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أَمۡ يَقُولُونَ ٱفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبٗاۖ فَإِن يَشَإِ ٱللَّهُ يَخۡتِمۡ عَلَىٰ قَلۡبِكَۗ وَيَمۡحُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡبَٰطِلَ وَيُحِقُّ ٱلۡحَقَّ بِكَلِمَٰتِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ٢٤

Or do they say, "He has invented about Allāh a lie"? But if Allāh willed, He could seal over your heart.1 And Allāh eliminates falsehood and establishes the truth by His words. Indeed, He is Knowing of that within the breasts.

﴿أَمۡ﴾: بَلْ.

﴿ٱفۡتَرَىٰ﴾: اخْتَلَقَ.

﴿يَخۡتِمۡ﴾: يَطْبَعْ.

﴿وَيَمۡحُ﴾: ويُزِيلُ.

﴿بِكَلِمَـٰتِهِۦٓ﴾: الَّتي لا تَتَبَدَّلُ ولا تَتَغَيَّرُ، وبِوعْدِهِ الصّادِقِ الَّذِي لا يَتَخَلَّفُ.

﴿بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ﴾: بِما في قُلُوبِ العبادِ.

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وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي يَقۡبَلُ ٱلتَّوۡبَةَ عَنۡ عِبَادِهِۦ وَيَعۡفُواْ عَنِ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ وَيَعۡلَمُ مَا تَفۡعَلُونَ ٢٥

And it is He who accepts repentance from His servants and pardons misdeeds, and He knows what you do.

No commentary for this ayah

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وَيَسۡتَجِيبُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَيَزِيدُهُم مِّن فَضۡلِهِۦۚ وَٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ شَدِيدٞ ٢٦

And He answers [the supplication of] those who have believed and done righteous deeds and increases [for] them from His bounty. But the disbelievers will have a severe punishment.

No commentary for this ayah

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۞ وَلَوۡ بَسَطَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلرِّزۡقَ لِعِبَادِهِۦ لَبَغَوۡاْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَٰكِن يُنَزِّلُ بِقَدَرٖ مَّا يَشَآءُۚ إِنَّهُۥ بِعِبَادِهِۦ خَبِيرُۢ بَصِيرٞ ٢٧

And if Allāh had extended [excessively] provision for His servants, they would have committed tyranny throughout the earth. But He sends [it] down in an amount which He wills. Indeed He is, of His servants, Aware and Seeing.

﴿بَسَطَ﴾: وسَّعَ.

﴿لَبَغَوۡاْ﴾: لَطَغى بَعْضُهُم عَلى بَعْضٍ.

﴿بِقَدَرࣲ﴾: بمِقْدار.

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وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي يُنَزِّلُ ٱلۡغَيۡثَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا قَنَطُواْ وَيَنشُرُ رَحۡمَتَهُۥۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡوَلِيُّ ٱلۡحَمِيدُ ٢٨

And it is He who sends down the rain after they had despaired and spreads His mercy. And He is the Protector, the Praiseworthy.

﴿ٱلۡغَيۡثَ﴾: المطرَ.

﴿قَنَطُواْ﴾: يَئِسُوا مِن نُّزُولِهِ.

﴿رَحۡمَتَهُۥ﴾: المطرَ.

﴿ٱلۡوَلِيُّ﴾: الَّذِي يَتَولى عِبادَهُ بإحْسانِهِ وفَضْلِهِ.

﴿ٱلۡحَمِيدُ﴾: المحْمُودُ.

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وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ خَلۡقُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَثَّ فِيهِمَا مِن دَآبَّةٖۚ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ جَمۡعِهِمۡ إِذَا يَشَآءُ قَدِيرٞ ٢٩

And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and earth and what He has dispersed throughout them of creatures. And He, for gathering them when He wills, is competent.

﴿بَثَّ﴾: نَشَرَ وفَرَّقَ.

﴿دَآبَّةࣲ﴾: اسْم لِكُلِّ ذِي رُوحٍ لا يطِيرُ بِجَناحَيْهِ، لِدَبِيبِهِ عَلى الأرْضِ.

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وَمَآ أَصَٰبَكُم مِّن مُّصِيبَةٖ فَبِمَا كَسَبَتۡ أَيۡدِيكُمۡ وَيَعۡفُواْ عَن كَثِيرٖ ٣٠

And whatever strikes you of disaster - it is for what your hands have earned; but He pardons much.

No commentary for this ayah

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وَمَآ أَنتُم بِمُعۡجِزِينَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مِن وَلِيّٖ وَلَا نَصِيرٖ ٣١

And you will not cause failure [to Allāh]1 upon the earth. And you have not besides Allāh any protector or helper.

﴿بِمُعۡجِزِينَ﴾: بَفائِتِينَ اللهَ.

﴿وَلِيࣲّ﴾: يَتَوَلىَّ أُمُورَكُم، فَيُوصِلُ لَكُم المنافِعَ.

﴿نَصِيرࣲ﴾: يَدْفَعُ عَنْكُمُ المضارِّ.

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وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِ ٱلۡجَوَارِ فِي ٱلۡبَحۡرِ كَٱلۡأَعۡلَٰمِ ٣٢

And of His signs are the ships in the sea, like mountains.

﴿ٱلۡجَوَارِ﴾: السُّفُنُ العَظِيمَةُ الَّتي تَجِري في البَحْرِ.

﴿كَٱلۡأَعۡلَـٰمِ﴾: كالجبالِ.

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إِن يَشَأۡ يُسۡكِنِ ٱلرِّيحَ فَيَظۡلَلۡنَ رَوَاكِدَ عَلَىٰ ظَهۡرِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّكُلِّ صَبَّارٖ شَكُورٍ ٣٣

If He willed, He could still the wind, and they would remain motionless on its surface. Indeed in that are signs for everyone patient and grateful.

﴿رَوَاكِدَ﴾: سَواكِنَ لا تَجْرِي.

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أَوۡ يُوبِقۡهُنَّ بِمَا كَسَبُواْ وَيَعۡفُ عَن كَثِيرٖ ٣٤

Or He could destroy them1 for what they earned; but He pardons much.

﴿يُوبِقۡهُنَّ﴾: يُغْرِقْهُنَّ.

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وَيَعۡلَمَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُجَٰدِلُونَ فِيٓ ءَايَٰتِنَا مَا لَهُم مِّن مَّحِيصٖ ٣٥

And [that is so] those who dispute concerning Our signs may know that for them there is no place of escape.

﴿مَّحِيصࣲ﴾: مَلْجأٍ.

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فَمَآ أُوتِيتُم مِّن شَيۡءٖ فَمَتَٰعُ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَاۚ وَمَا عِندَ ٱللَّهِ خَيۡرٞ وَأَبۡقَىٰ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمۡ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ ٣٦

So whatever thing you have been given - it is but [for] enjoyment of the worldly life. But what is with Allāh is better and more lasting for those who have believed and upon their Lord rely

﴿فَمَتَـٰعُ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا﴾: فهو مَتاعٌ لَكُم، سرْعانَ ما يَزُولُ.

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وَٱلَّذِينَ يَجۡتَنِبُونَ كَبَٰٓئِرَ ٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡفَوَٰحِشَ وَإِذَا مَا غَضِبُواْ هُمۡ يَغۡفِرُونَ ٣٧

And those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, and when they are angry, they forgive,

﴿وَٱلۡفَوَ ٰ⁠حِشَ﴾: ما فَحُشَ وقَبُحَ مِن أنْواعِ المعاصِي.

﴿يَغۡفِرُونَ﴾: يَصْفَحُونَ عن عُقُوبِة المُسِيءِ إلَيهِم.

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وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَجَابُواْ لِرَبِّهِمۡ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَأَمۡرُهُمۡ شُورَىٰ بَيۡنَهُمۡ وَمِمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡ يُنفِقُونَ ٣٨

And those who have responded to their Lord and established prayer and whose affair is [determined by] consultation among themselves, and from what We have provided them, they spend,

﴿ٱسۡتَجَابُواْ لِرَبِّهِمۡ﴾: آمنُوا باللهِ وقَبِلُوا شَرْعَه.

﴿وَأَمۡرُهُمۡ شُورَىٰ بَيۡنَهُمۡ﴾: ويتَشاوَرُونَ في جَمِيعِ أُمُورِهِم ولا يَعْجَلونَ.

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وَٱلَّذِينَ إِذَآ أَصَابَهُمُ ٱلۡبَغۡيُ هُمۡ يَنتَصِرُونَ ٣٩

And those who, when tyranny strikes them, they retaliate [in a just manner].1

﴿ٱلۡبَغۡيُ﴾: الظُّلْمُ.

﴿يَنتَصِرُونَ﴾: يَنْتقِمُونَ مِمَّن ظَلَمَهُم بِمِثْلِ ظُلْمِهِ.

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وَجَزَٰٓؤُاْ سَيِّئَةٖ سَيِّئَةٞ مِّثۡلُهَاۖ فَمَنۡ عَفَا وَأَصۡلَحَ فَأَجۡرُهُۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٤٠

And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allāh. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers.

﴿وَجَزَ ٰ⁠ٓؤُاْ سَيِّئَةࣲ سَيِّئَةࣱ مِّثۡلُهَا﴾: وجَزاءُ سيئةِ المُسِيءِ عُقُوبَتُهُ بِسَيِّئَةٍ مِثْلِها مِن غَيرِ زِيادةٍ.

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وَلَمَنِ ٱنتَصَرَ بَعۡدَ ظُلۡمِهِۦ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مَا عَلَيۡهِم مِّن سَبِيلٍ ٤١

And whoever retaliates after having been wronged - those have not upon them any cause [for blame].

﴿سَبِيلٍ﴾: مُؤاخَذَةٍ.

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إِنَّمَا ٱلسَّبِيلُ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٱلنَّاسَ وَيَبۡغُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بِغَيۡرِ ٱلۡحَقِّۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ٤٢

The cause is only against the ones who wrong the people and tyrannize upon the earth without right. Those will have a painful punishment.

﴿وَيَبۡغُونَ﴾: ويَتَجاوَزُونَ الحدَّ الَّذي أُبيحَ لهُم إلى ما لم يُؤذَنْ لَهُم فِيهِ.

﴿أَلِيمࣱ﴾: مُوجِعٌ.

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وَلَمَن صَبَرَ وَغَفَرَ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمِنۡ عَزۡمِ ٱلۡأُمُورِ ٤٣

And whoever is patient and forgives - indeed, that is of the matters [worthy] of resolve.1

﴿وَغَفَرَ﴾: قابَلَ الإساءَةَ بالعَفْوِ.

﴿ذَ ٰ⁠لِكَ﴾: الصَّبْرَ والمغْفِرَةَ.

﴿عَزۡمِ ٱلۡأُمُورِ﴾: مُحْكَمِها ومُتْقَنِها الَّذِي تُحْمَدُ عاقِبَتُهُ.

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وَمَن يُضۡلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن وَلِيّٖ مِّنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦۗ وَتَرَى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ لَمَّا رَأَوُاْ ٱلۡعَذَابَ يَقُولُونَ هَلۡ إِلَىٰ مَرَدّٖ مِّن سَبِيلٖ ٤٤

And he whom Allāh sends astray - for him there is no protector beyond Him. And you will see the wrongdoers, when they see the punishment, saying, "Is there for return [to the former world] any way?"

﴿وَلِيࣲّ﴾: ناصرٍ يَهْديِهِ سَبِيلَ الرَّشادِ.

﴿ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ﴾: الكافِرِينَ باللهِ.

﴿مَرَدࣲّ﴾: رُجُوعٍ إلى الدُّنيا؛ لِنَسْتَدِركَ الإيمانَ والعَمَلَ الصّالِحَ.

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وَتَرَىٰهُمۡ يُعۡرَضُونَ عَلَيۡهَا خَٰشِعِينَ مِنَ ٱلذُّلِّ يَنظُرُونَ مِن طَرۡفٍ خَفِيّٖۗ وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِنَّ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ٱلَّذِينَ خَسِرُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ وَأَهۡلِيهِمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۗ أَلَآ إِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ فِي عَذَابٖ مُّقِيمٖ ٤٥

And you will see them being exposed to it [i.e., the Fire], humbled from humiliation, looking from [behind] a covert glance. And those who had believed will say, "Indeed, the [true] losers are the ones who lost themselves and their families on the Day of Resurrection. Unquestionably, the wrongdoers are in an enduring punishment."

﴿خَـٰشِعِينَ مِنَ ٱلذُّلِّ﴾: خاضِعِينَ بِسَبَبِ الذُّلِّ.

﴿طَرۡفٍ خَفِيࣲّ﴾: عَيْنٍ ذَلِيلةٍ مِنَ الخَوْفِ والهَوانِ.

﴿مُّقِيمࣲ﴾: دائِمٍ.

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وَمَا كَانَ لَهُم مِّنۡ أَوۡلِيَآءَ يَنصُرُونَهُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِۗ وَمَن يُضۡلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن سَبِيلٍ ٤٦

And there will not be for them any allies to aid them other than Allāh. And whoever Allāh sends astray - for him there is no way.

﴿أَوۡلِيَآءَ﴾: أعْوانٍ ونُصَراءَ.

﴿يَنصُرُونَهُم﴾: يَمْنَعُونَهُم مِن عَذابِ اللهِ.

﴿وَمَن يُضۡلِلِ ٱللَّهُ﴾: ومَن يَخْذُلْه اللهُ عَن طَرِيقِ الحقِّ.

﴿سَبِيلٍ﴾: طَرِيقٍ يَصِل بِهِ إلى الحقِّ والنَّجاةِ.

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ٱسۡتَجِيبُواْ لِرَبِّكُم مِّن قَبۡلِ أَن يَأۡتِيَ يَوۡمٞ لَّا مَرَدَّ لَهُۥ مِنَ ٱللَّهِۚ مَا لَكُم مِّن مَّلۡجَإٖ يَوۡمَئِذٖ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن نَّكِيرٖ ٤٧

Respond to your Lord before a Day comes from Allāh of which there is no repelling. No refuge will you have that Day, nor for you will there be any denial.1

﴿ٱسۡتَجِيبُواْ لِرَبِّكُم﴾: أجِيبُوا داعيَ اللهِ وآمِنُوا بِه.

﴿لَّا مَرَدَّ لَهُۥ﴾: لا شَيءَ يَرُدُّ مَجِيئَهُ إذا جاء اللهُ بِهِ.

﴿مَّلۡجَإࣲ﴾: مَعْقِل تَحْتَرِزُونَ فِيهِ مِن عَذابِ اللهِ.

﴿نَّكِيرࣲ﴾: إنْكارٍ وتَغْيِيرٍ.

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فَإِنۡ أَعۡرَضُواْ فَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَٰكَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ حَفِيظًاۖ إِنۡ عَلَيۡكَ إِلَّا ٱلۡبَلَٰغُۗ وَإِنَّآ إِذَآ أَذَقۡنَا ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ مِنَّا رَحۡمَةٗ فَرِحَ بِهَاۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ سَيِّئَةُۢ بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ فَإِنَّ ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ كَفُورٞ ٤٨

But if they turn away - then We have not sent you, [O Muḥammad], over them as a guardian; upon you is only [the duty of] notification. And indeed, when We let man taste mercy from Us, he rejoices in it; but if evil afflicts him for what his hands have put forth, then indeed, man is ungrateful.

﴿رَحۡمَةࣰ﴾: غِنىً وسَعةً وغَيرَ ذَلِكَ.

﴿سَيِّئَةُۢ﴾: مُصِيَبةٌ تَسُوءُهُم في أجْسادِهِم أوْ نُفُوسِهِم.

﴿بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ﴾: بما أسْلفَتْ مِنَ المعاصِي.

﴿كَفُورࣱ﴾: جَحُودٌ نِعَمَ رَبِّه لا يَذْكُرُ إلا المصائِبَ.

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لِّلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ يَخۡلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُۚ يَهَبُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ إِنَٰثٗا وَيَهَبُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ ٱلذُّكُورَ ٤٩

To Allāh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth; He creates what He wills. He gives to whom He wills female [children], and He gives to whom He wills males.

﴿يَهَبُ﴾: يُعْطِي.

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أَوۡ يُزَوِّجُهُمۡ ذُكۡرَانٗا وَإِنَٰثٗاۖ وَيَجۡعَلُ مَن يَشَآءُ عَقِيمًاۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيمٞ قَدِيرٞ ٥٠

Or He makes them [both] males and females, and He renders whom He wills barren. Indeed, He is Knowing and Competent.

﴿يُزَوِّجُهُمۡ﴾: يُنَوِّعُهُم.

﴿عَقِيمًا﴾: لا يُولَدُ له.

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۞ وَمَا كَانَ لِبَشَرٍ أَن يُكَلِّمَهُ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا وَحۡيًا أَوۡ مِن وَرَآيِٕ حِجَابٍ أَوۡ يُرۡسِلَ رَسُولٗا فَيُوحِيَ بِإِذۡنِهِۦ مَا يَشَآءُۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيٌّ حَكِيمٞ ٥١

And it is not for any human being that Allāh should speak to him except by revelation or from behind a partition or that He sends a messenger [i.e., angel] to reveal, by His permission, what He wills. Indeed, He is Most High and Wise.

﴿عَلِيٌّ﴾: عالٍ بِذاتِه وأسْمائِهِ وصِفاتِه وأفعالِه.

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وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَيۡكَ رُوحٗا مِّنۡ أَمۡرِنَاۚ مَا كُنتَ تَدۡرِي مَا ٱلۡكِتَٰبُ وَلَا ٱلۡإِيمَٰنُ وَلَٰكِن جَعَلۡنَٰهُ نُورٗا نَّهۡدِي بِهِۦ مَن نَّشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِنَاۚ وَإِنَّكَ لَتَهۡدِيٓ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ ٥٢

And thus We have revealed to you an inspiration of Our command [i.e., the Qur’ān]. You did not know what is the Book or [what is] faith, but We have made it a light by which We guide whom We will of Our servants. And indeed, [O Muḥammad], you guide to a straight path -

﴿رُوحࣰا﴾: قُرآنًا.

﴿ٱلۡكِتَـٰبُ﴾: الكُتُبُ السّابِقَةُ.

﴿لَتَهۡدِيٓ﴾: لَتَدُلُّ وتُرْشِدُ.

﴿صِرَ ٰ⁠طࣲ مُّسۡتَقِيمࣲ﴾: هُوَ الإسْلامُ.

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صِرَٰطِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّذِي لَهُۥ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۗ أَلَآ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ تَصِيرُ ٱلۡأُمُورُ ٥٣

The path of Allāh, to whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. Unquestionably, to Allāh do [all] matters evolve [i.e., return].

﴿تَصِيرُ﴾: تَرْجِعُ.

Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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