Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'anAl‑An'am · 6:100–165

Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an · Tafsir · in Arabic

Al-An'am 6:100–165

6:100Page 140

وَجَعَلُواْ لِلَّهِ شُرَكَآءَ ٱلۡجِنَّ وَخَلَقَهُمۡۖ وَخَرَقُواْ لَهُۥ بَنِينَ وَبَنَٰتِۭ بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٖۚ سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ وَتَعَٰلَىٰ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ ١٠٠

But they have attributed to Allāh partners - the jinn, while He has created them - and have fabricated for Him sons and daughters without knowledge. Exalted is He and high above what they describe.

﴿وَخَرَقُواْ﴾: واختَلَقُوا، ونَسَبُوا.

6:101Page 140

بَدِيعُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ أَنَّىٰ يَكُونُ لَهُۥ وَلَدٞ وَلَمۡ تَكُن لَّهُۥ صَٰحِبَةٞۖ وَخَلَقَ كُلَّ شَيۡءٖۖ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٞ ١٠١

[He is] Originator of the heavens and the earth. How could He have a son when He does not have a companion [i.e., wife] and He created all things? And He is, of all things, Knowing.

﴿بَدِيعُ﴾: مُبْدِعٌ على غيرِ مثالٍ سَبَقَ.

﴿أَنَّىٰ﴾: كيف؟

6:102Page 141

ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّكُمۡۖ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۖ خَٰلِقُ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ فَٱعۡبُدُوهُۚ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ وَكِيلٞ ١٠٢

That is Allāh, your Lord; there is no deity except Him, the Creator of all things, so worship Him. And He is Disposer of all things.

﴿وَكِيلࣱ﴾: رقيبٌ مُدَبِّرٌ لأمورِ خَلْقِه.

6:103Page 141

لَّا تُدۡرِكُهُ ٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرُ وَهُوَ يُدۡرِكُ ٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرَۖ وَهُوَ ٱللَّطِيفُ ٱلۡخَبِيرُ ١٠٣

Vision perceives Him not,1 but He perceives [all] vision; and He is the Subtle,2 the Aware.3

﴿لَّا تُدۡرِكُهُ﴾: لا تُحيطُ به، ولا تَبْلُغُ كُنْهَ حَقيقتِه.

6:104Page 141

قَدۡ جَآءَكُم بَصَآئِرُ مِن رَّبِّكُمۡۖ فَمَنۡ أَبۡصَرَ فَلِنَفۡسِهِۦۖ وَمَنۡ عَمِيَ فَعَلَيۡهَاۚ وَمَآ أَنَا۠ عَلَيۡكُم بِحَفِيظٖ ١٠٤

There has come to you enlightenment from your Lord. So whoever will see does so for [the benefit of] his soul, and whoever is blind [does harm] against it. And [say], "I am not a guardian over you."1

﴿بَصَآئِرُ﴾: براهينُ واضحةٌ.

﴿فَعَلَيۡهَا﴾: فعلى نفسِه يعودُ وبالُ ذلك.

﴿بِحَفِيظࣲ﴾: أُحْصِي أعمالَكم، بل أنا مُبَلِّغٌ.

6:105Page 141

وَكَذَٰلِكَ نُصَرِّفُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ وَلِيَقُولُواْ دَرَسۡتَ وَلِنُبَيِّنَهُۥ لِقَوۡمٖ يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٠٥

And thus do We diversify the verses so they [i.e., the disbelievers] will say, "You have studied,"1 and so We may make it [i.e., the Qur’ān] clear for a people who know.

﴿نُصَرِّفُ ٱلۡـَٔايَـٰتِ﴾: نُبَيِّنُ البراهينَ، والحُجَجَ.

﴿وَلِيَقُولُواْ دَرَسۡتَ﴾: أي: لتقومَ الحُجَّةُ عليهم، وليقولوا: تَعَلَّمْتَ من أهلِ الكتابِ.

6:106Page 141

ٱتَّبِعۡ مَآ أُوحِيَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَۖ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۖ وَأَعۡرِضۡ عَنِ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ١٠٦

Follow, [O Muḥammad], what has been revealed to you from your Lord - there is no deity except Him - and turn away from those who associate others with Allāh.

No commentary for this ayah

6:107Page 141

وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَآ أَشۡرَكُواْۗ وَمَا جَعَلۡنَٰكَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ حَفِيظٗاۖ وَمَآ أَنتَ عَلَيۡهِم بِوَكِيلٖ ١٠٧

But if Allāh had willed, they would not have associated. And We have not appointed you over them as a guardian, nor are you a manager over them.1

﴿حَفِيظࣰا﴾: رقيبًا تحفَظُ أقوالَهم وأعمالَهم.

﴿بِوَكِيلࣲ﴾: مُوَكَّلٍ على أمورِهم.

6:108Page 141

وَلَا تَسُبُّواْ ٱلَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ فَيَسُبُّواْ ٱللَّهَ عَدۡوَۢا بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٖۗ كَذَٰلِكَ زَيَّنَّا لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ عَمَلَهُمۡ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِم مَّرۡجِعُهُمۡ فَيُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٠٨

And do not insult those they invoke other than Allāh, lest they insult Allāh in enmity without knowledge. Thus We have made pleasing to every community their deeds. Then to their Lord is their return, and He will inform them about what they used to do.

﴿ٱلَّذِينَ يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ﴾: هم الأصنامُ.

﴿عَدۡوَۢا﴾: اعتداءً.

﴿زَيَّنَّا﴾: حَسَّنّا.

6:109Page 141

وَأَقۡسَمُواْ بِٱللَّهِ جَهۡدَ أَيۡمَٰنِهِمۡ لَئِن جَآءَتۡهُمۡ ءَايَةٞ لَّيُؤۡمِنُنَّ بِهَاۚ قُلۡ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡأٓيَٰتُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِۖ وَمَا يُشۡعِرُكُمۡ أَنَّهَآ إِذَا جَآءَتۡ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٠٩

And they swear by Allāh their strongest oaths that if a sign came to them, they would surely believe in it. Say, "The signs are only with [i.e., from] Allāh." And what will make you perceive that even if it [i.e., a sign] came, they would not believe.

﴿جَهۡدَ أَيۡمَـٰنِهِمۡ﴾: بأيمانٍ مُؤَكَّدةٍ.

﴿ءَايَةࣱ﴾: معجزةٌ خارقةٌ:

﴿وَمَا يُشۡعِرُكُمۡ﴾: وما يُدْريكم.

﴿أَنَّهَآ﴾: لعلَّ المعجزاتِ.

6:110Page 141

وَنُقَلِّبُ أَفۡـِٔدَتَهُمۡ وَأَبۡصَٰرَهُمۡ كَمَا لَمۡ يُؤۡمِنُواْ بِهِۦٓ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٖ وَنَذَرُهُمۡ فِي طُغۡيَٰنِهِمۡ يَعۡمَهُونَ ١١٠

And We will turn away their hearts and their eyes just as they refused to believe in it [i.e., the revelation] the first time. And We will leave them in their transgression, wandering blindly.

﴿وَنُقَلِّبُ أَفۡـِٔدَتَهُمۡ﴾: فنَحُولُ بينَهم وبينَ الإيمانِ.

﴿فِي طُغۡيَـٰنِهِمۡ﴾: في تَمَرُّدِهم.

﴿يَعۡمَهُونَ﴾: يَتَحَيَّرون، فلا يَهْتَدُون إلى الحقِّ.

6:111Page 142

۞ وَلَوۡ أَنَّنَا نَزَّلۡنَآ إِلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ وَكَلَّمَهُمُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ وَحَشَرۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ كُلَّ شَيۡءٖ قُبُلٗا مَّا كَانُواْ لِيُؤۡمِنُوٓاْ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ يَجۡهَلُونَ ١١١

And even if We had sent down to them the angels [with the message] and the dead spoke to them [of it] and We gathered together every [created] thing in front of them, they would not believe unless Allāh should will. But most of them, [of that], are ignorant.

﴿وَحَشَرۡنَا﴾: وجَمَعْنا.

﴿قُبُلࣰا﴾: فعايَنُوه مُواجَهةً.

6:112Page 142

وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلۡنَا لِكُلِّ نَبِيٍّ عَدُوّٗا شَيَٰطِينَ ٱلۡإِنسِ وَٱلۡجِنِّ يُوحِي بَعۡضُهُمۡ إِلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ زُخۡرُفَ ٱلۡقَوۡلِ غُرُورٗاۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ رَبُّكَ مَا فَعَلُوهُۖ فَذَرۡهُمۡ وَمَا يَفۡتَرُونَ ١١٢

And thus We have made for every prophet an enemy - devils from mankind and jinn, inspiring to one another decorative speech in delusion. But if your Lord had willed, they would not have done it, so leave them and that which they invent.

﴿شَيَـٰطِينَ ٱلۡإِنسِ﴾: هم المَرَدَةُ العُتاةُ من الإنسِ.

﴿زُخۡرُفَ ٱلۡقَوۡلِ﴾: هو القولُ المُزَيَّنُ.

﴿غُرُورࣰا﴾: ليَغْتَرَّ به سامِعُه.

﴿وَمَا يَفۡتَرُونَ﴾: وما يَخْتَلِقُونه من كَذِبٍ.

6:113Page 142

وَلِتَصۡغَىٰٓ إِلَيۡهِ أَفۡـِٔدَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ وَلِيَرۡضَوۡهُ وَلِيَقۡتَرِفُواْ مَا هُم مُّقۡتَرِفُونَ ١١٣

And [it is] so the hearts of those who disbelieve in the Hereafter will incline toward it [i.e., deceptive speech] and that they will be satisfied with it and that they will commit that which they are committing.

﴿وَلِتَصۡغَىٰٓ إِلَيۡهِ﴾: ولتَمِيلَ إلى القولِ المُزَيَّنِ.

﴿وَلِيَقۡتَرِفُواْ﴾: ولِيكْتَسِبُوا من الأعمالِ السيئةِ.

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أَفَغَيۡرَ ٱللَّهِ أَبۡتَغِي حَكَمٗا وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَنزَلَ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مُفَصَّلٗاۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُمُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ يَعۡلَمُونَ أَنَّهُۥ مُنَزَّلٞ مِّن رَّبِّكَ بِٱلۡحَقِّۖ فَلَا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلۡمُمۡتَرِينَ ١١٤

[Say], "Then is it other than Allāh I should seek as judge while it is He who has revealed to you the Book [i.e., the Qur’ān] explained in detail?" And those to whom We [previously] gave the Scripture know that it is sent down from your Lord in truth, so never be among the doubters.

﴿أَبۡتَغِي﴾: أطْلُبُ.

﴿ٱلۡمُمۡتَرِينَ﴾: الشّاكِّين.

6:115Page 142

وَتَمَّتۡ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ صِدۡقٗا وَعَدۡلٗاۚ لَّا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَٰتِهِۦۚ وَهُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ١١٥

And the word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. None can alter His words, and He is the Hearing, the Knowing.

﴿كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ﴾: القرآنُ الكريمُ.

﴿لَّا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمَـٰتِهِۦ﴾: لا أحدَ مُغَيِّرٌ لما حَكَمَ به.

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وَإِن تُطِعۡ أَكۡثَرَ مَن فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ يُضِلُّوكَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِن يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا ٱلظَّنَّ وَإِنۡ هُمۡ إِلَّا يَخۡرُصُونَ ١١٦

And if you obey most of those upon the earth, they will mislead you from the way of Allāh. They follow not except assumption, and they are not but misjudging.1

﴿يَخۡرُصُونَ﴾: يظنُّون، يَكْذِبُون.

6:117Page 142

إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعۡلَمُ مَن يَضِلُّ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦۖ وَهُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِٱلۡمُهۡتَدِينَ ١١٧

Indeed, your Lord is most knowing of who strays from His way, and He is most knowing of the [rightly] guided.

No commentary for this ayah

6:118Page 142

فَكُلُواْ مِمَّا ذُكِرَ ٱسۡمُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡهِ إِن كُنتُم بِـَٔايَٰتِهِۦ مُؤۡمِنِينَ ١١٨

So eat of that [meat] upon which the name of Allāh has been mentioned,1 if you are believers in His verses [i.e., revealed law].

No commentary for this ayah

6:119Page 143

وَمَا لَكُمۡ أَلَّا تَأۡكُلُواْ مِمَّا ذُكِرَ ٱسۡمُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡهِ وَقَدۡ فَصَّلَ لَكُم مَّا حَرَّمَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ إِلَّا مَا ٱضۡطُرِرۡتُمۡ إِلَيۡهِۗ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرٗا لَّيُضِلُّونَ بِأَهۡوَآئِهِم بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٍۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِٱلۡمُعۡتَدِينَ ١١٩

And why should you not eat of that upon which the name of Allāh has been mentioned while He has explained in detail to you what He has forbidden you, excepting that to which you are compelled.1 And indeed do many lead [others] astray through their [own] inclinations without knowledge. Indeed, your Lord - He is most knowing of the transgressors.

﴿وَمَا لَكُمۡ أَلَّا﴾: وأيُّ شيءٍ يَمْنَعُكم؟

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وَذَرُواْ ظَٰهِرَ ٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَبَاطِنَهُۥٓۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَكۡسِبُونَ ٱلۡإِثۡمَ سَيُجۡزَوۡنَ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَقۡتَرِفُونَ ١٢٠

And leave [i.e., desist from] what is apparent of sin and what is concealed thereof. Indeed, those who earn [blame for] sin will be recompensed for that which they used to commit.

﴿ظَـٰهِرَ ٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَبَاطِنَهُۥٓ﴾: عَلانِيَتُه وسِرُّه.

﴿يَقۡتَرِفُونَ﴾: يكتسِبُون.

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وَلَا تَأۡكُلُواْ مِمَّا لَمۡ يُذۡكَرِ ٱسۡمُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡهِ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَفِسۡقٞۗ وَإِنَّ ٱلشَّيَٰطِينَ لَيُوحُونَ إِلَىٰٓ أَوۡلِيَآئِهِمۡ لِيُجَٰدِلُوكُمۡۖ وَإِنۡ أَطَعۡتُمُوهُمۡ إِنَّكُمۡ لَمُشۡرِكُونَ ١٢١

And do not eat of that upon which the name of Allāh has not been mentioned, for indeed, it is grave disobedience. And indeed do the devils inspire their allies [among men] to dispute with you. And if you were to obey them, indeed, you would be associators [of others with Him].1

﴿لَفِسۡقࣱ﴾: لَخُروجٌ عن طاعةِ اللهِ.

﴿لَيُوحُونَ﴾: لَيُوَسْوِسُون لهم بما يخالِفُ الحقَّ.

﴿لِيُجَـٰدِلُوكُمۡ﴾: ليُثيروا الشبهاتِ لمجادَلَتِكم.

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أَوَمَن كَانَ مَيۡتٗا فَأَحۡيَيۡنَٰهُ وَجَعَلۡنَا لَهُۥ نُورٗا يَمۡشِي بِهِۦ فِي ٱلنَّاسِ كَمَن مَّثَلُهُۥ فِي ٱلظُّلُمَٰتِ لَيۡسَ بِخَارِجٖ مِّنۡهَاۚ كَذَٰلِكَ زُيِّنَ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٢٢

And is one who was dead and We gave him life and made for him light by which to walk among the people like one who is in darkness, never to emerge therefrom? Thus it has been made pleasing to the disbelievers that which they were doing.

﴿مَيۡتࣰا﴾: في الضلالةِ.

﴿زُيِّنَ﴾: حُسِّنَ.

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وَكَذَٰلِكَ جَعَلۡنَا فِي كُلِّ قَرۡيَةٍ أَكَٰبِرَ مُجۡرِمِيهَا لِيَمۡكُرُواْ فِيهَاۖ وَمَا يَمۡكُرُونَ إِلَّا بِأَنفُسِهِمۡ وَمَا يَشۡعُرُونَ ١٢٣

And thus We have placed within every city the greatest of its criminals to conspire therein. But they conspire not except against themselves, and they perceive [it] not.

﴿أَكَـٰبِرَ مُجۡرِمِيهَا﴾: رُؤَساءَها وعُظماءَها.

﴿لِيَمۡكُرُواْ فِيهَا﴾: بالصَّدِّ عن دينِ اللهِ.

﴿وَمَا يَمۡكُرُونَ إِلَّا بِأَنفُسِهِمۡ﴾: وبالُ مَكْرِهم عائدٌ عليهم.

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وَإِذَا جَآءَتۡهُمۡ ءَايَةٞ قَالُواْ لَن نُّؤۡمِنَ حَتَّىٰ نُؤۡتَىٰ مِثۡلَ مَآ أُوتِيَ رُسُلُ ٱللَّهِۘ ٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ حَيۡثُ يَجۡعَلُ رِسَالَتَهُۥۗ سَيُصِيبُ ٱلَّذِينَ أَجۡرَمُواْ صَغَارٌ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَعَذَابٞ شَدِيدُۢ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَمۡكُرُونَ ١٢٤

And when a sign comes to them, they say, "Never will we believe until we are given like that which was given to the messengers of Allāh." Allāh is most knowing of where [i.e., with whom] He places His message. There will afflict those who committed crimes debasement before Allāh and severe punishment for what they used to conspire.

﴿أَعۡلَمُ حَيۡثُ يَجۡعَلُ رِسَالَتَهُۥ﴾: أعلمُ بمَن يَسْتحِقُّ أن يجعلَه رسولًا، فدَعُوا طَلَبَ ماليسَ مِن شأنِكم.

﴿صَغَارٌ﴾: ذلٌّ، وهَوانٌ.

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فَمَن يُرِدِ ٱللَّهُ أَن يَهۡدِيَهُۥ يَشۡرَحۡ صَدۡرَهُۥ لِلۡإِسۡلَٰمِۖ وَمَن يُرِدۡ أَن يُضِلَّهُۥ يَجۡعَلۡ صَدۡرَهُۥ ضَيِّقًا حَرَجٗا كَأَنَّمَا يَصَّعَّدُ فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَجۡعَلُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلرِّجۡسَ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٢٥

So whoever Allāh wants to guide - He expands his breast to [contain] Islām; and whoever He wants to send astray1 - He makes his breast tight and constricted as though he were climbing into the sky. Thus does Allāh place defilement upon those who do not believe.

﴿حَرَجࣰا﴾: شديدَ الضِّيقِ.

﴿يَصَّعَّدُ﴾: يتكَلَّفُ ما لا يُطيقُ من الصُّعود.

﴿ٱلرِّجۡسَ﴾: الشيطانَ.

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وَهَٰذَا صِرَٰطُ رَبِّكَ مُسۡتَقِيمٗاۗ قَدۡ فَصَّلۡنَا ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ لِقَوۡمٖ يَذَّكَّرُونَ ١٢٦

And this is the path of your Lord, [leading] straight. We have detailed the verses for a people who remember.

﴿صِرَ ٰ⁠طُ رَبِّكَ﴾: الإسلاُم.

﴿ٱلۡـَٔايَـٰتِ﴾: البراهينَ.

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۞ لَهُمۡ دَارُ ٱلسَّلَٰمِ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡۖ وَهُوَ وَلِيُّهُم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٢٧

For them will be the Home of Peace [i.e., Paradise] with their Lord. And He will be their protecting friend because of what they used to do.

﴿دَارُ ٱلسَّلَـٰمِ﴾: دارُ السَّلامةِ من المكروه، وهي الجنةُ.

﴿وَلِيُّهُم﴾: ناصِرُهم.

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وَيَوۡمَ يَحۡشُرُهُمۡ جَمِيعٗا يَٰمَعۡشَرَ ٱلۡجِنِّ قَدِ ٱسۡتَكۡثَرۡتُم مِّنَ ٱلۡإِنسِۖ وَقَالَ أَوۡلِيَآؤُهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡإِنسِ رَبَّنَا ٱسۡتَمۡتَعَ بَعۡضُنَا بِبَعۡضٖ وَبَلَغۡنَآ أَجَلَنَا ٱلَّذِيٓ أَجَّلۡتَ لَنَاۚ قَالَ ٱلنَّارُ مَثۡوَىٰكُمۡ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ إِلَّا مَا شَآءَ ٱللَّهُۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٞ ١٢٨

And [mention, O Muḥammad], the Day when He will gather them together [and say], "O company of jinn, you have [misled] many of mankind." And their allies among mankind will say, "Our Lord, some of us made use of others, and we have [now] reached our term which You appointed for us." He will say, "The Fire is your residence, wherein you will abide eternally, except for what Allāh wills. Indeed, your Lord is Wise and Knowing."

﴿يَحۡشُرُهُمۡ﴾: أي: جميعَ الثَّقَلَيْن من الجنِّ والإنسِ.

﴿ٱسۡتَكۡثَرۡتُم مِّنَ ٱلۡإِنسِ﴾: بإضلالهِم، وصَدِّهم عن سبيلِ اللهِ.

﴿ٱسۡتَمۡتَعَ بَعۡضُنَا بِبَعۡضࣲ﴾: استمتاعُ الجنِّ بالإنس: تَلَذُّذهم باتِّباع الإنسِ لهم، واستمتاعُ الإنس بالجن: قَبولُهم تحسينَ المعاصي منهم، فوقَعُوا فيها، وتَلَذَّ ذُوا بها.

﴿وَبَلَغۡنَآ أَجَلَنَا﴾: بانقضاءِ حياتِنا الدنيا، ووُصولِنا إلى دارِ الجَزاءِ.

﴿مَثۡوَىٰكُمۡ﴾: موضعُ مَقامِكم.

﴿إِلَّا مَا شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ﴾: أي: شاءَ عَدَمَ خُلودِه، من عُصاةِ المُوَحِّدِين.

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وَكَذَٰلِكَ نُوَلِّي بَعۡضَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ بَعۡضَۢا بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ١٢٩

And thus will We make some of the wrongdoers allies of others for what they used to earn.1

﴿نُوَلِّي بَعۡضَ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ بَعۡضَۢا﴾: نُسَلِّط بعضَ الظّالمين من الإنسِ على بعضٍ في الدنيا.

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يَٰمَعۡشَرَ ٱلۡجِنِّ وَٱلۡإِنسِ أَلَمۡ يَأۡتِكُمۡ رُسُلٞ مِّنكُمۡ يَقُصُّونَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ ءَايَٰتِي وَيُنذِرُونَكُمۡ لِقَآءَ يَوۡمِكُمۡ هَٰذَاۚ قَالُواْ شَهِدۡنَا عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِنَاۖ وَغَرَّتۡهُمُ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَشَهِدُواْ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ أَنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ كَٰفِرِينَ ١٣٠

"O company of jinn and mankind,1 did there not come to you messengers from among you, relating to you My verses and warning you of the meeting of this Day of yours?" They will say, "We bear witness against ourselves"; and the worldly life had deluded them, and they will bear witness against themselves that they were disbelievers.

﴿رُسُلࣱ مِّنكُمۡ﴾: الرسُلُ هم من الإنسِ، ورسُلُ الجِنِّ هم الذين يُنْذِرُون قومَهم.

﴿وَغَرَّتۡهُمُ﴾: وخَدَعَتْهم زِينتُها، فاطمأنُّوا إليها.

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ذَٰلِكَ أَن لَّمۡ يَكُن رَّبُّكَ مُهۡلِكَ ٱلۡقُرَىٰ بِظُلۡمٖ وَأَهۡلُهَا غَٰفِلُونَ ١٣١

That is because your Lord would not destroy the cities for wrongdoing1 while their people were unaware.

﴿بِظُلۡمࣲ﴾: بسببِ ظُلْمِ مَن يَظْلِمُ.

﴿وَأَهۡلُهَا غَـٰفِلُونَ﴾: أي: لا يُهلِكُهم إلا بعد إرسالِ الرسل، وارتفاعِ الغفلةِ عنهم بذلك، وتَحَقُّقِ الإنذارِ.

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وَلِكُلّٖ دَرَجَٰتٞ مِّمَّا عَمِلُواْۚ وَمَا رَبُّكَ بِغَٰفِلٍ عَمَّا يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٣٢

And for all are degrees [i.e., positions resulting] from what they have done. And your Lord is not unaware of what they do.

﴿دَرَجَـٰتࣱ﴾: مراتبُ.

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وَرَبُّكَ ٱلۡغَنِيُّ ذُو ٱلرَّحۡمَةِۚ إِن يَشَأۡ يُذۡهِبۡكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَخۡلِفۡ مِنۢ بَعۡدِكُم مَّا يَشَآءُ كَمَآ أَنشَأَكُم مِّن ذُرِّيَّةِ قَوۡمٍ ءَاخَرِينَ ١٣٣

And your Lord is the Free of need, the possessor of mercy. If He wills, He can do away with you and give succession after you to whomever He wills, just as He produced you from the descendants of another people.

﴿كَمَآ أَنشَأَكُم مِّن ذُرِّيَّةِ قَوۡمٍ ءَاخَرِينَ﴾: أحْدَثَكم من نَسْلِ خَلْقٍ آخرين كانوا قبلَكم.

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إِنَّ مَا تُوعَدُونَ لَأٓتٖۖ وَمَآ أَنتُم بِمُعۡجِزِينَ ١٣٤

Indeed, what you are promised is coming, and you will not cause failure [to Allāh].1

﴿بِمُعۡجِزِينَ﴾: بفائتين عَمّا هو نازلٌ بكم.

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قُلۡ يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱعۡمَلُواْ عَلَىٰ مَكَانَتِكُمۡ إِنِّي عَامِلٞۖ فَسَوۡفَ تَعۡلَمُونَ مَن تَكُونُ لَهُۥ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلدَّارِۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُفۡلِحُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ ١٣٥

Say, "O my people, work according to your position; [for] indeed, I am working. And you are going to know who will have succession in the home.1 Indeed, the wrongdoers will not succeed."

﴿مَكَانَتِكُمۡ﴾: طريقتِكم، فاثبُتُوا عليها.

﴿عَـٰقِبَةُ ٱلدَّارِ﴾: الجنةُ.

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وَجَعَلُواْ لِلَّهِ مِمَّا ذَرَأَ مِنَ ٱلۡحَرۡثِ وَٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ نَصِيبٗا فَقَالُواْ هَٰذَا لِلَّهِ بِزَعۡمِهِمۡ وَهَٰذَا لِشُرَكَآئِنَاۖ فَمَا كَانَ لِشُرَكَآئِهِمۡ فَلَا يَصِلُ إِلَى ٱللَّهِۖ وَمَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ فَهُوَ يَصِلُ إِلَىٰ شُرَكَآئِهِمۡۗ سَآءَ مَا يَحۡكُمُونَ ١٣٦

And they [i.e., the polytheists] assign to Allāh from that which He created of crops and livestock a share and say, "This is for Allāh," by their claim, "and this is for our 'partners' [associated with Him]." But what is for their "partners" does not reach Allāh, while what is for Allāh - this reaches their "partners." Evil is that which they rule.

﴿ذَرَأَ﴾: خَلَقَ.

﴿ٱلۡحَرۡثِ﴾: ثمراتِ الزَّرْعِ.

﴿لِشُرَكَآئِنَا﴾: للأصنامِ التي يعبُدونها.

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وَكَذَٰلِكَ زَيَّنَ لِكَثِيرٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ قَتۡلَ أَوۡلَٰدِهِمۡ شُرَكَآؤُهُمۡ لِيُرۡدُوهُمۡ وَلِيَلۡبِسُواْ عَلَيۡهِمۡ دِينَهُمۡۖ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَا فَعَلُوهُۖ فَذَرۡهُمۡ وَمَا يَفۡتَرُونَ ١٣٧

And likewise, to many of the polytheists their partners1 have made [to seem] pleasing the killing of their children in order to bring about their destruction and to cover them with confusion in their religion. And if Allāh had willed, they would not have done so. So leave them and that which they invent.

﴿قَتۡلَ أَوۡلَـٰدِهِمۡ﴾: وهو دَفْنُ البناتِ وهُنَّ أحياءٌ.

﴿شُرَكَآؤُهُمۡ﴾: رؤساؤُهم، وشياطينُهم.

﴿لِيُرۡدُوهُمۡ﴾: ليُهْلِكُوهم.

﴿وَلِيَلۡبِسُواْ﴾: ولِيَخْلِطُوا.

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وَقَالُواْ هَٰذِهِۦٓ أَنۡعَٰمٞ وَحَرۡثٌ حِجۡرٞ لَّا يَطۡعَمُهَآ إِلَّا مَن نَّشَآءُ بِزَعۡمِهِمۡ وَأَنۡعَٰمٌ حُرِّمَتۡ ظُهُورُهَا وَأَنۡعَٰمٞ لَّا يَذۡكُرُونَ ٱسۡمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡهَا ٱفۡتِرَآءً عَلَيۡهِۚ سَيَجۡزِيهِم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡتَرُونَ ١٣٨

And they say, "These animals1 and crops are forbidden; no one may eat from them except whom we will," by their claim. And there are those [camels] whose backs are forbidden [by them]2 and those upon which the name of Allāh is not mentioned3 - [all of this] an invention of untruth about Him.4 He will punish them for what they were inventing.

﴿وَحَرۡثٌ﴾: وزَرْعٌ.

﴿حِجۡرࣱ﴾: ممنوعةٌ، فهي لأصنامِهم.

﴿حُرِّمَتۡ﴾: فلا يركبونَها.

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وَقَالُواْ مَا فِي بُطُونِ هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ خَالِصَةٞ لِّذُكُورِنَا وَمُحَرَّمٌ عَلَىٰٓ أَزۡوَٰجِنَاۖ وَإِن يَكُن مَّيۡتَةٗ فَهُمۡ فِيهِ شُرَكَآءُۚ سَيَجۡزِيهِمۡ وَصۡفَهُمۡۚ إِنَّهُۥ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٞ ١٣٩

And they say, "What is in the bellies of these animals1 is exclusively for our males and forbidden to our females. But if it is [born] dead, then all of them have shares therein." He will punish them for their description.2 Indeed, He is Wise and Knowing.

﴿خَالِصَةࣱ﴾: حلالٌ.

﴿أَزۡوَ ٰ⁠جِنَا﴾: نسائِنا.

﴿شُرَكَآءُ﴾: يأكلُ منه الذكورُ والإناثُ.

﴿وَصۡفَهُمۡ﴾: جزاءَ وصْفِهم.

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قَدۡ خَسِرَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَتَلُوٓاْ أَوۡلَٰدَهُمۡ سَفَهَۢا بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٖ وَحَرَّمُواْ مَا رَزَقَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ٱفۡتِرَآءً عَلَى ٱللَّهِۚ قَدۡ ضَلُّواْ وَمَا كَانُواْ مُهۡتَدِينَ ١٤٠

They will have lost who killed their children in foolishness without knowledge and prohibited what Allāh had provided for them, inventing untruth about Allāh. They have gone astray and were not [rightly] guided.

﴿سَفَهَۢا﴾: طَيشًا.

﴿مَا رَزَقَهُمُ﴾: من الأنعام.

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۞ وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَنشَأَ جَنَّٰتٖ مَّعۡرُوشَٰتٖ وَغَيۡرَ مَعۡرُوشَٰتٖ وَٱلنَّخۡلَ وَٱلزَّرۡعَ مُخۡتَلِفًا أُكُلُهُۥ وَٱلزَّيۡتُونَ وَٱلرُّمَّانَ مُتَشَٰبِهٗا وَغَيۡرَ مُتَشَٰبِهٖۚ كُلُواْ مِن ثَمَرِهِۦٓ إِذَآ أَثۡمَرَ وَءَاتُواْ حَقَّهُۥ يَوۡمَ حَصَادِهِۦۖ وَلَا تُسۡرِفُوٓاْۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُسۡرِفِينَ ١٤١

And He it is who causes gardens to grow, [both] trellised and untrellised, and palm trees and crops of different [kinds of] food and olives and pomegranates, similar and dissimilar. Eat of [each of] its fruit when it yields and give its due [zakāh] on the day of its harvest. And be not excessive.1 Indeed, He does not like those who commit excess.

﴿جَنَّـٰتࣲ مَّعۡرُوشَـٰتࣲ﴾: بساتينَ مرفوعاتٍ عن الأرض كالعِنَبِ.

﴿وَغَيۡرَ مَعۡرُوشَـٰتࣲ﴾: قائمةً على سُوقِها كالنَّخْلِ، أوما خَرَج في البَرِّ.

﴿مُتَشَـٰبِهࣰا﴾: في المنظرِ.

﴿وَغَيۡرَ مُتَشَـٰبِهࣲ﴾: في الطَّعْمِ.

﴿وَءَاتُواْ حَقَّهُۥ﴾: بالزَّكاةِ والصدقات.

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وَمِنَ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ حَمُولَةٗ وَفَرۡشٗاۚ كُلُواْ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُواْ خُطُوَٰتِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَكُمۡ عَدُوّٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٤٢

And of the grazing livestock are carriers [of burdens] and those [too] small. Eat of what Allāh has provided for you and do not follow the footsteps of Satan.1 Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy.

﴿حَمُولَةࣰ﴾: مُهَيَّأً للحَمْلِ عليه.

﴿وَفَرۡشࣰا﴾: صِغارَ الأنعامِ.

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ثَمَٰنِيَةَ أَزۡوَٰجٖۖ مِّنَ ٱلضَّأۡنِ ٱثۡنَيۡنِ وَمِنَ ٱلۡمَعۡزِ ٱثۡنَيۡنِۗ قُلۡ ءَآلذَّكَرَيۡنِ حَرَّمَ أَمِ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِ أَمَّا ٱشۡتَمَلَتۡ عَلَيۡهِ أَرۡحَامُ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِۖ نَبِّـُٔونِي بِعِلۡمٍ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ١٤٣

[They are] eight mates - of the sheep, two and of the goats, two. Say, "Is it the two males He has forbidden or the two females or that which the wombs of the two females contain? Inform me with knowledge, if you should be truthful."

﴿ثَمَـٰنِيَةَ أَزۡوَ ٰ⁠جࣲ﴾: هذه الأنعامُ ثمانيةُ أصنافٍ، أربعةٌ منها في الغنم، وهي: الضَّأْنُ ذُكورًا وإناثًا، والمَعْزُ ذكورًا وإناثًا، وأربعةٌ في الإبِلِ والبقَرِ، ذكورًا وإناثًا.

﴿أَمَّا ٱشۡتَمَلَتۡ عَلَيۡهِ﴾: أي: هل حَرَّمَ ما اشتملت عليه؟ فإن كان التحريمُ منه فإن ذلك يَسْتَلْزِم ُ تحريمَ الجميعِ، فلماذا حَلَّلُوا بعضَها، وحَرَّمُوا بعضَها الآخر؟

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وَمِنَ ٱلۡإِبِلِ ٱثۡنَيۡنِ وَمِنَ ٱلۡبَقَرِ ٱثۡنَيۡنِۗ قُلۡ ءَآلذَّكَرَيۡنِ حَرَّمَ أَمِ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِ أَمَّا ٱشۡتَمَلَتۡ عَلَيۡهِ أَرۡحَامُ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِۖ أَمۡ كُنتُمۡ شُهَدَآءَ إِذۡ وَصَّىٰكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِهَٰذَاۚ فَمَنۡ أَظۡلَمُ مِمَّنِ ٱفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبٗا لِّيُضِلَّ ٱلنَّاسَ بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٍۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٤٤

And of the camels, two and of the cattle, two. Say, "Is it the two males He has forbidden or the two females or that which the wombs of the two females contain? Or were you witnesses when Allāh charged you with this? Then who is more unjust than one who invents a lie about Allāh to mislead the people by [something] other than knowledge? Indeed, Allāh does not guide the wrongdoing people."

﴿شُهَدَآءَ﴾: حاضِرين.

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قُل لَّآ أَجِدُ فِي مَآ أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ مُحَرَّمًا عَلَىٰ طَاعِمٖ يَطۡعَمُهُۥٓ إِلَّآ أَن يَكُونَ مَيۡتَةً أَوۡ دَمٗا مَّسۡفُوحًا أَوۡ لَحۡمَ خِنزِيرٖ فَإِنَّهُۥ رِجۡسٌ أَوۡ فِسۡقًا أُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦۚ فَمَنِ ٱضۡطُرَّ غَيۡرَ بَاغٖ وَلَا عَادٖ فَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ١٤٥

Say, "I do not find within that which was revealed to me [anything] forbidden to one who would eat it unless it be a dead animal or blood spilled out or the flesh of swine - for indeed, it is impure - or it be [that slaughtered in] disobedience, dedicated to other than Allāh.1 But whoever is forced [by necessity], neither desiring [it] nor transgressing [its limit], then indeed, your Lord is Forgiving and Merciful."

﴿مُحَرَّمًا﴾: أي: طعامًا محرَّمًا.

﴿عَلَىٰ طَاعِمࣲ يَطۡعَمُهُۥٓ﴾: على مَن يأكلُه.

﴿مَّسۡفُوحًا﴾: جاريًا.

﴿رِجۡسٌ﴾: نَجَسٌ.

﴿أُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦ﴾: هو المذبوحُ الذي ذُكِرَ عليه اسمُ غيرِ اللهِ.

﴿فَمَنِ ٱضۡطُرَّ﴾: إلى الأَكْلِ من هذه المحرَّماتِ.

﴿غَيۡرَ بَاغࣲ﴾: غيرَ طالبٍ بأَكْلِه التلذُّذَ.

﴿وَلَا عَادࣲ﴾: ولا متجاوزٍ حَدَّ الضَّرورةِ.

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وَعَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ حَرَّمۡنَا كُلَّ ذِي ظُفُرٖۖ وَمِنَ ٱلۡبَقَرِ وَٱلۡغَنَمِ حَرَّمۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ شُحُومَهُمَآ إِلَّا مَا حَمَلَتۡ ظُهُورُهُمَآ أَوِ ٱلۡحَوَايَآ أَوۡ مَا ٱخۡتَلَطَ بِعَظۡمٖۚ ذَٰلِكَ جَزَيۡنَٰهُم بِبَغۡيِهِمۡۖ وَإِنَّا لَصَٰدِقُونَ ١٤٦

And to those who are Jews We prohibited every animal of uncloven hoof; and of the cattle and the sheep We prohibited to them their fat, except what adheres to their backs or the entrails or what is joined with bone. [By] that We repaid them for their transgression. And indeed, We are truthful.

﴿إِلَّا مَا حَمَلَتۡ ظُهُورُهُمَآ﴾: إلا الشَّحْمَ المخالِطَ لظُهورِهما.

﴿أَوِ ٱلۡحَوَايَآ﴾: أو المخالِطَ للأمعاءِ.

﴿بِبَغۡيِهِمۡ﴾: بأعمالهِم السيئةِ.

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فَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقُل رَّبُّكُمۡ ذُو رَحۡمَةٖ وَٰسِعَةٖ وَلَا يُرَدُّ بَأۡسُهُۥ عَنِ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ ١٤٧

So if they deny you, [O Muḥammad], say, "Your Lord is the possessor of vast mercy; but His punishment cannot be repelled from the people who are criminals."

﴿وَلَا يُرَدُّ بَأۡسُهُۥ﴾: ولا يُدْفَعُ عِقابُه إنْ أنْزَلَه بهم.

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سَيَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ أَشۡرَكُواْ لَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَآ أَشۡرَكۡنَا وَلَآ ءَابَآؤُنَا وَلَا حَرَّمۡنَا مِن شَيۡءٖۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡ حَتَّىٰ ذَاقُواْ بَأۡسَنَاۗ قُلۡ هَلۡ عِندَكُم مِّنۡ عِلۡمٖ فَتُخۡرِجُوهُ لَنَآۖ إِن تَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا ٱلظَّنَّ وَإِنۡ أَنتُمۡ إِلَّا تَخۡرُصُونَ ١٤٨

Those who associated [others] with Allāh will say, "If Allāh had willed, we would not have associated [anything] and neither would our fathers, nor would we have prohibited anything." Likewise did those before deny until they tasted Our punishment. Say, "Do you have any knowledge that you can produce for us? You follow not except assumption, and you are not but misjudging."

﴿وَلَا حَرَّمۡنَا مِن شَيۡءࣲ﴾: أي: لو شاءَ ما حَرَّمْنا على أنفسِنا شيئًا من الأنعام.

﴿بَأۡسَنَا﴾: عقابَنا.

﴿تَخۡرُصُونَ﴾: تَتَوَهَّمون، وتظنون.

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قُلۡ فَلِلَّهِ ٱلۡحُجَّةُ ٱلۡبَٰلِغَةُۖ فَلَوۡ شَآءَ لَهَدَىٰكُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ١٤٩

Say, "With Allāh is the far-reaching [i.e., conclusive] argument. If He had willed, He would have guided you all."

﴿ٱلۡحُجَّةُ ٱلۡبَـٰلِغَةُ﴾: هي القاطِعَةُ لشُبَهِهِم، وهذه الحُجَّةُ هي الرُّسُلُ، وما جاؤُوا به من كُتُبٍ، ومعجزاتٍ.

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قُلۡ هَلُمَّ شُهَدَآءَكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَشۡهَدُونَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ حَرَّمَ هَٰذَاۖ فَإِن شَهِدُواْ فَلَا تَشۡهَدۡ مَعَهُمۡۚ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ أَهۡوَآءَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ وَهُم بِرَبِّهِمۡ يَعۡدِلُونَ ١٥٠

Say, [O Muḥammad], "Bring forward your witnesses who will testify that Allāh has prohibited this." And if they testify, do not testify with them. And do not follow the desires of those who deny Our verses and those who do not believe in the Hereafter, while they equate [others] with their Lord.

﴿هَلُمَّ﴾: هاتُوا.

﴿حَرَّمَ هَـٰذَا﴾: حَرَّم ماحَرَّمْتُم من الأنعام.

﴿فَلَا تَشۡهَدۡ﴾: لأنّ شهادتَهم باطلةٌ.

﴿يَعۡدِلُونَ﴾: يُشْرِكون.

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۞ قُلۡ تَعَالَوۡاْ أَتۡلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡۖ أَلَّا تُشۡرِكُواْ بِهِۦ شَيۡـٔٗاۖ وَبِٱلۡوَٰلِدَيۡنِ إِحۡسَٰنٗاۖ وَلَا تَقۡتُلُوٓاْ أَوۡلَٰدَكُم مِّنۡ إِمۡلَٰقٖ نَّحۡنُ نَرۡزُقُكُمۡ وَإِيَّاهُمۡۖ وَلَا تَقۡرَبُواْ ٱلۡفَوَٰحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنۡهَا وَمَا بَطَنَۖ وَلَا تَقۡتُلُواْ ٱلنَّفۡسَ ٱلَّتِي حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ وَصَّىٰكُم بِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَعۡقِلُونَ ١٥١

Say, "Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited to you. [He commands] that you not associate anything with Him, and to parents, good treatment, and do not kill your children out of poverty; We will provide for you and them. And do not approach immoralities - what is apparent of them and what is concealed. And do not kill the soul which Allāh has forbidden [to be killed] except by [legal] right. This has He instructed you that you may use reason."

﴿إِمۡلَـٰقࣲ﴾: فَقْرٍ.

﴿مَا ظَهَرَ﴾: ما أُعْلِنَ منها.

﴿وَمَا بَطَنَ﴾: ما خَفِيَ منها.

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وَلَا تَقۡرَبُواْ مَالَ ٱلۡيَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِٱلَّتِي هِيَ أَحۡسَنُ حَتَّىٰ يَبۡلُغَ أَشُدَّهُۥۚ وَأَوۡفُواْ ٱلۡكَيۡلَ وَٱلۡمِيزَانَ بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۖ لَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفۡسًا إِلَّا وُسۡعَهَاۖ وَإِذَا قُلۡتُمۡ فَٱعۡدِلُواْ وَلَوۡ كَانَ ذَا قُرۡبَىٰۖ وَبِعَهۡدِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡفُواْۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ وَصَّىٰكُم بِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَذَكَّرُونَ ١٥٢

And do not approach the orphan's property except in a way that is best [i.e., intending improvement] until he reaches maturity. And give full measure and weight in justice. We do not charge any soul except [with that within] its capacity. And when you speak [i.e., testify], be just, even if [it concerns] a near relative. And the covenant of Allāh fulfill. This has He instructed you that you may remember.

﴿بِٱلَّتِي هِيَ أَحۡسَنُ﴾: بما يُصْلِحُ مالَه، وينتفعُ به.

﴿يَبۡلُغَ أَشُدَّهُۥ﴾: وهو سِنُّ البُلوغِ مع الرُّشْدِ، فادفعُوا إليه ماله.

﴿بِٱلۡقِسۡطِ﴾: بالعدلِ.

﴿وُسۡعَهَا﴾: طاقَتَها.

﴿وَبِعَهۡدِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡفُواْ﴾: بما عَهِدَ به إليكم من الالتزامِ بشرعِه.

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وَأَنَّ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطِي مُسۡتَقِيمٗا فَٱتَّبِعُوهُۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُواْ ٱلسُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمۡ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ وَصَّىٰكُم بِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ ١٥٣

And, [moreover], this is My path, which is straight, so follow it; and do not follow [other] ways, for you will be separated from His way. This has He instructed you that you may become righteous.

﴿هَـٰذَا صِرَ ٰ⁠طِي﴾: الإسلامُ طريقي.

﴿ٱلسُّبُلَ﴾: طُرُقَ الضَّلالِ والبِدَعِ.

﴿فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمۡ﴾: فتميلَ بكم.

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ثُمَّ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَى ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ تَمَامًا عَلَى ٱلَّذِيٓ أَحۡسَنَ وَتَفۡصِيلٗا لِّكُلِّ شَيۡءٖ وَهُدٗى وَرَحۡمَةٗ لَّعَلَّهُم بِلِقَآءِ رَبِّهِمۡ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٥٤

Then1 We gave Moses the Scripture, making complete [Our favor] upon the one who did good [i.e., Moses] and as a detailed explanation of all things and as guidance and mercy that perhaps in the meeting with their Lord they would believe.

﴿تَمَامًا عَلَى ٱلَّذِيٓ أَحۡسَنَ﴾: تمامًا لنِعْمَتِه على المُحْسنين من مِلَّتِه.

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وَهَٰذَا كِتَٰبٌ أَنزَلۡنَٰهُ مُبَارَكٞ فَٱتَّبِعُوهُ وَٱتَّقُواْ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُرۡحَمُونَ ١٥٥

And this [Qur’ān] is a Book We have revealed [which is] blessed, so follow it and fear Allāh that you may receive mercy.

﴿وَهَـٰذَا﴾: أي: القرآنُ.

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أَن تَقُولُوٓاْ إِنَّمَآ أُنزِلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبُ عَلَىٰ طَآئِفَتَيۡنِ مِن قَبۡلِنَا وَإِن كُنَّا عَن دِرَاسَتِهِمۡ لَغَٰفِلِينَ ١٥٦

[We revealed it] lest you say, "The Scripture was only sent down to two groups before us, but we were of their study unaware,"

﴿أَن تَقُولُوٓاْ﴾: لئلّا تقولُوا أيها الكفارُ.

﴿طَآئِفَتَيۡنِ﴾: اليهودِ والنصارى.

﴿وَإِن كُنَّا﴾: وإنّنا كنّا.

﴿دِرَاسَتِهِمۡ﴾: تلاوةِ كتبِهم بلُغاتها.

﴿لَغَـٰفِلِينَ﴾: لاندْري ما فيها.

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أَوۡ تَقُولُواْ لَوۡ أَنَّآ أُنزِلَ عَلَيۡنَا ٱلۡكِتَٰبُ لَكُنَّآ أَهۡدَىٰ مِنۡهُمۡۚ فَقَدۡ جَآءَكُم بَيِّنَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ وَهُدٗى وَرَحۡمَةٞۚ فَمَنۡ أَظۡلَمُ مِمَّن كَذَّبَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَصَدَفَ عَنۡهَاۗ سَنَجۡزِي ٱلَّذِينَ يَصۡدِفُونَ عَنۡ ءَايَٰتِنَا سُوٓءَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَصۡدِفُونَ ١٥٧

Or lest you say, "If only the Scripture had been revealed to us, we would have been better guided than they." So there has [now] come to you a clear evidence from your Lord and a guidance and mercy. Then who is more unjust than one who denies the verses of Allāh and turns away from them? We will recompense those who turn away from Our verses with the worst of punishment for their having turned away.

﴿أَهۡدَىٰ مِنۡهُمۡ﴾: أشَدَّ استقامةً على الحقِّ.

﴿وَصَدَفَ﴾: أعرَضَ.

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هَلۡ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَّآ أَن تَأۡتِيَهُمُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ أَوۡ يَأۡتِيَ رَبُّكَ أَوۡ يَأۡتِيَ بَعۡضُ ءَايَٰتِ رَبِّكَۗ يَوۡمَ يَأۡتِي بَعۡضُ ءَايَٰتِ رَبِّكَ لَا يَنفَعُ نَفۡسًا إِيمَٰنُهَا لَمۡ تَكُنۡ ءَامَنَتۡ مِن قَبۡلُ أَوۡ كَسَبَتۡ فِيٓ إِيمَٰنِهَا خَيۡرٗاۗ قُلِ ٱنتَظِرُوٓاْ إِنَّا مُنتَظِرُونَ ١٥٨

Do they [then] wait for anything except that the angels should come to them or your Lord should come or that there come some of the signs1 of your Lord? The Day that some of the signs of your Lord will come no soul will benefit from its faith as long as it had not believed before or had earned through its faith some good. Say, "Wait. Indeed, we [also] are waiting."

﴿يَنظُرُونَ﴾: ينتظر المُعْرِضون.

﴿ٱلۡمَلَـٰٓئِكَةُ﴾: المختصُّون بقَبْضِ الأرواحِ.

﴿يَأۡتِيَ رَبُّكَ﴾: للفَصْل بين عبادِه يومَ القيامةِ.

﴿بَعۡضُ ءَايَـٰتِ رَبِّكَ﴾: بعضُ علاماتِ السّاعةِ.

﴿مِن قَبۡلُ﴾: من قبلِ إتيانِ هذه الآياتِ.

﴿خَيۡرࣰا﴾: عملًا صالحًا.

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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ فَرَّقُواْ دِينَهُمۡ وَكَانُواْ شِيَعٗا لَّسۡتَ مِنۡهُمۡ فِي شَيۡءٍۚ إِنَّمَآ أَمۡرُهُمۡ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡعَلُونَ ١٥٩

Indeed, those who have divided their religion and become sects - you, [O Muḥammad], are not [associated] with them in anything. Their affair is only [left] to Allāh; then He will inform them about what they used to do.

﴿فَرَّقُواْ دِينَهُمۡ﴾: جَعَلُوه متفرِّقًا، فأخذوا ببعضِه، وتركوا بعضَه.

﴿شِيَعࣰا﴾: فِرَقًا وأحزابًا.

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مَن جَآءَ بِٱلۡحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُۥ عَشۡرُ أَمۡثَالِهَاۖ وَمَن جَآءَ بِٱلسَّيِّئَةِ فَلَا يُجۡزَىٰٓ إِلَّا مِثۡلَهَا وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ١٦٠

Whoever comes [on the Day of Judgement] with a good deed will have ten times the like thereof [to his credit], and whoever comes with an evil deed will not be recompensed except the like thereof; and they will not be wronged.1

No commentary for this ayah

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قُلۡ إِنَّنِي هَدَىٰنِي رَبِّيٓ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ دِينٗا قِيَمٗا مِّلَّةَ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ حَنِيفٗاۚ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ١٦١

Say, "Indeed, my Lord has guided me to a straight path - a correct religion - the way of Abraham, inclining toward truth. And he was not among those who associated others with Allāh."

﴿صِرَ ٰ⁠طࣲ مُّسۡتَقِيمࣲ﴾: طريقٍ لا عِوَجَ فيه، وهو الإسلامُ.

﴿قِيَمࣰا﴾: يقومُ بأمْرِ الدنيا والآخرةِ.

﴿حَنِيفࣰا﴾: مائلًا إلى الحقِّ.

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قُلۡ إِنَّ صَلَاتِي وَنُسُكِي وَمَحۡيَايَ وَمَمَاتِي لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٦٢

Say, "Indeed, my prayer, my rites of sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allāh, Lord of the worlds.

﴿وَنُسُكِي﴾: وذَبْحي للأنعام.

﴿وَمَحۡيَايَ﴾: ما أعمَلُه في حياتي.

﴿وَمَمَاتِي﴾: ما يُقَدِّره عليّ في الموتِ.

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لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُۥۖ وَبِذَٰلِكَ أُمِرۡتُ وَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡمُسۡلِمِينَ ١٦٣

No partner has He. And this I have been commanded, and I am the first [among you] of the Muslims."1

﴿أَوَّلُ ٱلۡمُسۡلِمِينَ﴾: أولُ مَن انقادَ للهِ من هذه الأمةِ.

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قُلۡ أَغَيۡرَ ٱللَّهِ أَبۡغِي رَبّٗا وَهُوَ رَبُّ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖۚ وَلَا تَكۡسِبُ كُلُّ نَفۡسٍ إِلَّا عَلَيۡهَاۚ وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٞ وِزۡرَ أُخۡرَىٰۚ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُم مَّرۡجِعُكُمۡ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ فِيهِ تَخۡتَلِفُونَ ١٦٤

Say, "Is it other than Allāh I should desire as a lord while He is the Lord of all things? And every soul earns not [blame] except against itself, and no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. Then to your Lord is your return, and He will inform you concerning that over which you used to differ."

﴿أَبۡغِي﴾: أطْلُبُ.

﴿وَلَا تَكۡسِبُ كُلُّ نَفۡسٍ إِلَّا عَلَيۡهَا﴾: لا يُؤاخَذُ ممّا أتَتْ به من الذَّنبِ سِواها.

﴿وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةࣱ وِزۡرَ أُخۡرَىٰ﴾: ولا تَحْمِلُ نفسٌ آثمةٌ إثمَ نفسٍ أخرى.

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وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي جَعَلَكُمۡ خَلَٰٓئِفَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَرَفَعَ بَعۡضَكُمۡ فَوۡقَ بَعۡضٖ دَرَجَٰتٖ لِّيَبۡلُوَكُمۡ فِي مَآ ءَاتَىٰكُمۡۗ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ سَرِيعُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَغَفُورٞ رَّحِيمُۢ ١٦٥

And it is He who has made you successors upon the earth and has raised some of you above others in degrees [of rank] that He may try you through what He has given you. Indeed, your Lord is swift in penalty; but indeed, He is Forgiving and Merciful.

﴿خَلَـٰٓئِفَ﴾: خُلَفاءَ الأممِ الماضيةِ.

﴿وَرَفَعَ بَعۡضَكُمۡ فَوۡقَ بَعۡضࣲ﴾: في الرِّزقِ والقوةِ وغيرِهما.

﴿دَرَجَـٰتࣲ﴾: مراتبَ.

﴿لِّيَبۡلُوَكُمۡ﴾: ليختبرَكم.

﴿فِي مَآ ءَاتَىٰكُمۡ﴾: أي: من نِعَمِه.

Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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