Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an · Tafsir · in Arabic
الأنفال
Al-Anfal
The Spoils of War · Medinan · 75 ayahs
8:1Page 177
يَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلۡأَنفَالِۖ قُلِ ٱلۡأَنفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَٱلرَّسُولِۖ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَأَصۡلِحُواْ ذَاتَ بَيۡنِكُمۡۖ وَأَطِيعُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥٓ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١
They ask you, [O Muḥammad], about the bounties [of war]. Say, "The [decision concerning] bounties is for Allāh and the Messenger." So fear Allāh and amend that which is between you and obey Allāh and His Messenger, if you should be believers.
﴿ٱلۡأَنفَالِ﴾: جَمْعُ نَفَل، وهي: الغنائمُ في غزوةِ «بَدْر».
﴿ذَاتَ بَيۡنِكُمۡ﴾: الصِّلَةُ التي تَرْبِطُ بعضَكم ببعض.
8:2Page 177
إِنَّمَا ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ٱلَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ ٱللَّهُ وَجِلَتۡ قُلُوبُهُمۡ وَإِذَا تُلِيَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتُهُۥ زَادَتۡهُمۡ إِيمَٰنٗا وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمۡ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ ٢
The believers are only those who, when Allāh is mentioned, their hearts become fearful, and when His verses are recited to them, it increases them in faith; and upon their Lord they rely -
﴿وَجِلَتۡ﴾: خافَتْ وفَزِعَتْ.
﴿وَعَلَىٰ رَبِّهِمۡ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ﴾: يعتمدون عليه ويُفَوِّضون أمرَهم إليه.
8:3Page 177
ٱلَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡ يُنفِقُونَ ٣
The ones who establish prayer, and from what We have provided them, they spend.
No commentary for this ayah
8:4Page 177
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ حَقّٗاۚ لَّهُمۡ دَرَجَٰتٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ وَمَغۡفِرَةٞ وَرِزۡقٞ كَرِيمٞ ٤
Those are the believers, truly. For them are degrees [of high position] with their Lord and forgiveness and noble provision.
﴿دَرَجَـٰتٌ﴾: منازلُ عاليةٌ.
8:5Page 177
كَمَآ أَخۡرَجَكَ رَبُّكَ مِنۢ بَيۡتِكَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَإِنَّ فَرِيقٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ لَكَٰرِهُونَ ٥
[It1 is] just as when your Lord brought you out of your home [for the battle of Badr] in truth, while indeed, a party among the believers were unwilling,
﴿كَمَآ أَخۡرَجَكَ﴾: هذه الحالُ في كراهةِ فريقٍ من المؤمنين للقتالِ بعد تَبَيُّنِه، مثلُ إخراجِك في حالِ كراهتِهم.
8:6Page 177
يُجَٰدِلُونَكَ فِي ٱلۡحَقِّ بَعۡدَ مَا تَبَيَّنَ كَأَنَّمَا يُسَاقُونَ إِلَى ٱلۡمَوۡتِ وَهُمۡ يَنظُرُونَ ٦
Arguing with you concerning the truth after it had become clear, as if they were being driven toward death while they were looking on.
﴿فِي ٱلۡحَقِّ﴾: في القتالِ.
8:7Page 177
وَإِذۡ يَعِدُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ إِحۡدَى ٱلطَّآئِفَتَيۡنِ أَنَّهَا لَكُمۡ وَتَوَدُّونَ أَنَّ غَيۡرَ ذَاتِ ٱلشَّوۡكَةِ تَكُونُ لَكُمۡ وَيُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُحِقَّ ٱلۡحَقَّ بِكَلِمَٰتِهِۦ وَيَقۡطَعَ دَابِرَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٧
[Remember, O believers], when Allāh promised you one of the two groups1 - that it would be yours - and you wished that the unarmed one would be yours. But Allāh intended to establish the truth by His words and to eliminate the disbelievers
﴿ٱلطَّآئِفَتَيۡنِ﴾: القافلةِ الآتيةِ من الشام وما تحمِلُه من أرزاقٍ، أو النَّفيرِ لقتالِ الأعداءِ.
﴿غَيۡرَ ذَاتِ ٱلشَّوۡكَةِ﴾: غيرَ ذاتِ السِّلاحِ والقُوَّةِ، وهي: القافلةُ.
﴿وَيَقۡطَعَ دَابِرَ ٱلۡكَـٰفِرِينَ﴾: الدابِرُ: الآخِرُ، أي: ويستأصِلَ الكافرين بالهَلاكِ.
8:8Page 177
لِيُحِقَّ ٱلۡحَقَّ وَيُبۡطِلَ ٱلۡبَٰطِلَ وَلَوۡ كَرِهَ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ ٨
That He should establish the truth and abolish falsehood, even if the criminals disliked it.
﴿لِيُحِقَّ ٱلۡحَقَّ﴾: ليُظْهِرَه للناسِ ويُبَيِّنَه.
8:9Page 178
إِذۡ تَسۡتَغِيثُونَ رَبَّكُمۡ فَٱسۡتَجَابَ لَكُمۡ أَنِّي مُمِدُّكُم بِأَلۡفٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ مُرۡدِفِينَ ٩
[Remember] when you were asking help of your Lord, and He answered you, "Indeed, I will reinforce you with a thousand from the angels, following one another."
﴿تَسۡتَغِيثُونَ﴾: تَطْلُبون النَّصْرَ على عَدُوِّكم.
﴿مُرۡدِفِينَ﴾: يَتْبَعُ بعضُهم بعضًا.
8:10Page 178
وَمَا جَعَلَهُ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بُشۡرَىٰ وَلِتَطۡمَئِنَّ بِهِۦ قُلُوبُكُمۡۚ وَمَا ٱلنَّصۡرُ إِلَّا مِنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ ١٠
And Allāh made it not but good tidings and so that your hearts would be assured thereby. And victory is not but from Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is Exalted in Might and Wise.
﴿وَمَا جَعَلَهُ ٱللَّهُ﴾: وما جَعَلَ الإمدادَ.
﴿وَلِتَطۡمَئِنَّ﴾: ولِتَسْكُنَ وتُوقِنَ بنَصْرِ اللهِ.
8:11Page 178
إِذۡ يُغَشِّيكُمُ ٱلنُّعَاسَ أَمَنَةٗ مِّنۡهُ وَيُنَزِّلُ عَلَيۡكُم مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ لِّيُطَهِّرَكُم بِهِۦ وَيُذۡهِبَ عَنكُمۡ رِجۡزَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ وَلِيَرۡبِطَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِكُمۡ وَيُثَبِّتَ بِهِ ٱلۡأَقۡدَامَ ١١
[Remember] when He overwhelmed you with drowsiness [giving] security from Him and sent down upon you from the sky, rain by which to purify you and remove from you the evil [suggestions] of Satan and to make steadfast your hearts and plant firmly thereby your feet.
﴿يُغَشِّيكُمُ﴾: يُلْقي اللهُ عليكم.
﴿أَمَنَةࣰ مِّنۡهُ﴾: أمانًا من الله لكم.
﴿وَيُذۡهِبَ﴾: ويُزيلَ.
﴿رِجۡزَ ٱلشَّيۡطَـٰنِ﴾: وساوِسَه بما خَطَرَ لهم من الخوفِ والفَشَلِ.
﴿وَلِيَرۡبِطَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِكُمۡ﴾: وليُقَوِّيَها بالصَّبرِ والشَّجاعةِ.
8:12Page 178
إِذۡ يُوحِي رَبُّكَ إِلَى ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ أَنِّي مَعَكُمۡ فَثَبِّتُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْۚ سَأُلۡقِي فِي قُلُوبِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱلرُّعۡبَ فَٱضۡرِبُواْ فَوۡقَ ٱلۡأَعۡنَاقِ وَٱضۡرِبُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ كُلَّ بَنَانٖ ١٢
[Remember] when your Lord inspired to the angels, "I am with you, so strengthen those who have believed. I will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieved, so strike [them] upon the necks and strike from them every fingertip."1
﴿أَنِّي مَعَكُمۡ﴾: بإعانتي ونَصْري.
﴿فَثَبِّتُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ﴾: فَقَوُّوا عزائمَهم، وبَشِّرُوهم بالنَّصْرِ.
﴿ٱلرُّعۡبَ﴾: الخوفَ الشديدَ.
﴿فَوۡقَ ٱلۡأَعۡنَاقِ﴾: رؤوسَ الكفارِ.
﴿كُلَّ بَنَانࣲ﴾: كلَّ طَرَفٍ ومِفْصَلٍ في الجسمِ.
8:13Page 178
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ شَآقُّواْ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥۚ وَمَن يُشَاقِقِ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ ١٣
That is because they opposed Allāh and His Messenger. And whoever opposes Allāh and His Messenger - indeed, Allāh is severe in penalty.
﴿ذَ ٰلِكَ﴾: ما وقَعَ عليهم من القَتْل.
﴿شَآقُّواْ ٱللَّهَ﴾: خالَفُوا أمْرَه.
8:14Page 178
ذَٰلِكُمۡ فَذُوقُوهُ وَأَنَّ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ ١٤
"That [is yours], so taste it." And indeed for the disbelievers is the punishment of the Fire.
No commentary for this ayah
8:15Page 178
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا لَقِيتُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ زَحۡفٗا فَلَا تُوَلُّوهُمُ ٱلۡأَدۡبَارَ ١٥
O you who have believed, when you meet those who disbelieve advancing [in battle], do not turn to them your backs [in flight].
﴿زَحۡفࣰا﴾: مُتقارِبين يَدْنُو كلُّ فريقٍ من الآخَرِ.
﴿فَلَا تُوَلُّوهُمُ ٱلۡأَدۡبَارَ﴾: فلا تُدِيروا لهم ظُهورَكم مُنْهَزِمين.
8:16Page 178
وَمَن يُوَلِّهِمۡ يَوۡمَئِذٖ دُبُرَهُۥٓ إِلَّا مُتَحَرِّفٗا لِّقِتَالٍ أَوۡ مُتَحَيِّزًا إِلَىٰ فِئَةٖ فَقَدۡ بَآءَ بِغَضَبٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَمَأۡوَىٰهُ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ١٦
And whoever turns his back to them on such a day, unless swerving [as a strategy] for war or joining [another] company, has certainly returned with anger [upon him] from Allāh, and his refuge is Hell - and wretched is the destination.
﴿مُتَحَرِّفࣰا لِّقِتَالٍ﴾: مائِلًا عن موقفِه إلى موضعٍ أصلَحَ للقتالِ فيه.
﴿مُتَحَيِّزًا﴾: مُنْحازًا ومنضَمًّا.
﴿فِئَةࣲ﴾: جماعةٍ من المسلمين في ميدانِ القتالِ.
﴿بَآءَ بِغَضَبࣲ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ﴾: استحَقَّ غضَبه.
8:17Page 179
فَلَمۡ تَقۡتُلُوهُمۡ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَتَلَهُمۡۚ وَمَا رَمَيۡتَ إِذۡ رَمَيۡتَ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ رَمَىٰ وَلِيُبۡلِيَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ مِنۡهُ بَلَآءً حَسَنًاۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٞ ١٧
And you did not kill them, but it was Allāh who killed them.1 And you threw not, [O Muḥammad], when you threw, but it was Allāh who threw2 that He might test the believers with a good test.3 Indeed, Allāh is Hearing and Knowing.
﴿وَلِيُبۡلِيَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ﴾: وليختبرَ اللهُ المؤمنين بنِعَمِه وإحسانِه.
8:18Page 179
ذَٰلِكُمۡ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مُوهِنُ كَيۡدِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٨
That [is so], and [also] that Allāh will weaken the plot of the disbelievers.
﴿مُوهِنُ﴾: مُضْعِفُ ومُبْطِلُ.
﴿كَيۡدِ ٱلۡكَـٰفِرِينَ﴾: مَكْرِهم واحتيالِهم.
8:19Page 179
إِن تَسۡتَفۡتِحُواْ فَقَدۡ جَآءَكُمُ ٱلۡفَتۡحُۖ وَإِن تَنتَهُواْ فَهُوَ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡۖ وَإِن تَعُودُواْ نَعُدۡ وَلَن تُغۡنِيَ عَنكُمۡ فِئَتُكُمۡ شَيۡـٔٗا وَلَوۡ كَثُرَتۡ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٩
If you [disbelievers] seek the decision [i.e., victory] - the decision [i.e., defeat] has come to you. And if you desist [from hostilities], it is best for you; but if you return [to war], We will return, and never will you be availed by your [large] company at all, even if it should increase; and [that is] because Allāh is with the believers.
﴿تَسۡتَفۡتِحُواْ﴾: تطلُبوا النَّصْرَ أيها الكفارُ.
﴿جَآءَكُمُ ٱلۡفَتۡحُ﴾: تَهَكُّمٌ بالكفارِ، فقد نَصَرَ اللهُ المؤمنين ب «بَدْرٍ».
﴿وَإِن تَعُودُواْ﴾: إلى الكفرِ وقتالِ النبيِّ ﷺ.
﴿نَعُدۡ﴾: بهزيمَتِكم ونَصْرِه - ﷺ - عليكم.
﴿فِئَتُكُمۡ﴾: جماعتُكم.
﴿مَعَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ﴾: بتأييدِه ونَصْرِه.
8:20Page 179
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَطِيعُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَلَا تَوَلَّوۡاْ عَنۡهُ وَأَنتُمۡ تَسۡمَعُونَ ٢٠
O you who have believed, obey Allāh and His Messenger and do not turn from him while you hear [his order].
﴿وَلَا تَوَلَّوۡاْ﴾: ولا تُعْرِضُوا عن طاعةِ اللهِ ورسولهِ.
﴿تَسۡمَعُونَ﴾: ما يُتلى عليكم من الحُجَجِ والبراهينِ.
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وَلَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ قَالُواْ سَمِعۡنَا وَهُمۡ لَا يَسۡمَعُونَ ٢١
And do not be like those who say, "We have heard," while they do not hear.
No commentary for this ayah
8:22Page 179
۞ إِنَّ شَرَّ ٱلدَّوَآبِّ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلصُّمُّ ٱلۡبُكۡمُ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعۡقِلُونَ ٢٢
Indeed, the worst of living creatures in the sight of Allāh are the deaf and dumb who do not use reason [i.e., the disbelievers].
﴿ٱلدَّوَآبِّ﴾: جَمْعُ دابّة، وهي: ما دَبَّ على الأرضِ مِن خَلْقِ اللهِ.
﴿ٱلصُّمُّ﴾: مَنِ انسَدَّتْ آذانُهم عن سماعِ الحقِّ.
﴿ٱلۡبُكۡمُ﴾: مَن خَرِسَتْ ألسنتُهم عن النُّطقِ به.
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وَلَوۡ عَلِمَ ٱللَّهُ فِيهِمۡ خَيۡرٗا لَّأَسۡمَعَهُمۡۖ وَلَوۡ أَسۡمَعَهُمۡ لَتَوَلَّواْ وَّهُم مُّعۡرِضُونَ ٢٣
Had Allāh known any good in them, He would have made them hear. And if He had made them hear, they would [still] have turned away, while they were refusing.
﴿لَّأَسۡمَعَهُمۡ﴾: مواعِظَ القرآنِ وعِبَرَه.
﴿لَتَوَلَّواْ﴾: لَأَعْرَضُوا عن الإيمان عِنادًا.
﴿مُّعۡرِضُونَ﴾: صادُّون عنه.
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱسۡتَجِيبُواْ لِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ إِذَا دَعَاكُمۡ لِمَا يُحۡيِيكُمۡۖ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَحُولُ بَيۡنَ ٱلۡمَرۡءِ وَقَلۡبِهِۦ وَأَنَّهُۥٓ إِلَيۡهِ تُحۡشَرُونَ ٢٤
O you who have believed, respond to Allāh and to the Messenger when he calls you to that which gives you life. And know that Allāh intervenes between a man and his heart and that to Him you will be gathered.
﴿لِمَا يُحۡيِيكُمۡ﴾: لما فيه الحياةُ الأبديةُ.
﴿بَيۡنَ ٱلۡمَرۡءِ وَقَلۡبِهِۦ﴾: بين الإنسانِ وخواطِرِ قلبِه، فاللهُ أملكُ لقلوبِ عبادِه منهم.
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وَٱتَّقُواْ فِتۡنَةٗ لَّا تُصِيبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مِنكُمۡ خَآصَّةٗۖ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ ٢٥
And fear a trial1 which will not strike those who have wronged among you exclusively, and know that Allāh is severe in penalty.
﴿فِتۡنَةࣰ﴾: ابتلاءً ومِحْنَةً تنزِلُ بكم.
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وَٱذۡكُرُوٓاْ إِذۡ أَنتُمۡ قَلِيلٞ مُّسۡتَضۡعَفُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ تَخَافُونَ أَن يَتَخَطَّفَكُمُ ٱلنَّاسُ فَـَٔاوَىٰكُمۡ وَأَيَّدَكُم بِنَصۡرِهِۦ وَرَزَقَكُم مِّنَ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٢٦
And remember when you were few and oppressed in the land, fearing that people might abduct you, but He sheltered you, supported you with His victory, and provided you with good things - that you might be grateful.
﴿مُّسۡتَضۡعَفُونَ﴾: قليلُو العَدَدِ، مَقْهُورون.
﴿يَتَخَطَّفَكُمُ﴾: يَأْخُذَكُم بسُرعةٍ.
﴿ٱلنَّاسُ﴾: كفارُ قريشٍ.
﴿فَـَٔاوَىٰكُمۡ﴾: جَعَلَ اللهُ لكم «المدينةَ» مَأْوىً تَأْوُون إليه.
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَخُونُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَٱلرَّسُولَ وَتَخُونُوٓاْ أَمَٰنَٰتِكُمۡ وَأَنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ٢٧
O you who have believed, do not betray Allāh and the Messenger or betray your trusts while you know [the consequence].
﴿لَا تَخُونُواْ ٱللَّهَ﴾: بتَرْكِ ما أوْجَبَه عليكم، وارتكابِ ما نَهاكم عنه.
﴿أَمَـٰنَـٰتِكُمۡ﴾: ما ائتُمِنتُم عليه من التكاليفِ الشرعيةِ.
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وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّمَآ أَمۡوَٰلُكُمۡ وَأَوۡلَٰدُكُمۡ فِتۡنَةٞ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ عِندَهُۥٓ أَجۡرٌ عَظِيمٞ ٢٨
And know that your properties and your children are but a trial and that Allāh has with Him a great reward.
﴿فِتۡنَةࣱ﴾: اختبارٌ لكم.
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِن تَتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡعَل لَّكُمۡ فُرۡقَانٗا وَيُكَفِّرۡ عَنكُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتِكُمۡ وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ ذُو ٱلۡفَضۡلِ ٱلۡعَظِيمِ ٢٩
O you who have believed, if you fear Allāh, He will grant you a criterion1 and will remove from you your misdeeds and forgive you. And Allāh is the possessor of great bounty.
﴿فُرۡقَانࣰا﴾: فَصْلًا بين الحَقِّ والباطِلِ.
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وَإِذۡ يَمۡكُرُ بِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لِيُثۡبِتُوكَ أَوۡ يَقۡتُلُوكَ أَوۡ يُخۡرِجُوكَۚ وَيَمۡكُرُونَ وَيَمۡكُرُ ٱللَّهُۖ وَٱللَّهُ خَيۡرُ ٱلۡمَٰكِرِينَ ٣٠
And [remember, O Muḥammad], when those who disbelieved plotted against you to restrain you or kill you or evict you [from Makkah]. But they plan, and Allāh plans. And Allāh is the best of planners.
﴿يَمۡكُرُ بِكَ﴾: يَكِيدُ لك.
﴿لِيُثۡبِتُوكَ﴾: ليَحْبِسُوك.
﴿يُخۡرِجُوكَ﴾: من بلدِك «مكةَ».
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وَإِذَا تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتُنَا قَالُواْ قَدۡ سَمِعۡنَا لَوۡ نَشَآءُ لَقُلۡنَا مِثۡلَ هَٰذَآ إِنۡ هَٰذَآ إِلَّآ أَسَٰطِيرُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ ٣١
And when Our verses are recited to them, they say, "We have heard. If we willed, we could say [something] like this. This is not but legends of the former peoples."
﴿أَسَـٰطِيرُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ﴾: جَمْعُ أُسْطُورة، وهي: ما سُطِّرَ في كُتُبِ السابقين من الأخبارِ المكذوبةِ.
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وَإِذۡ قَالُواْ ٱللَّهُمَّ إِن كَانَ هَٰذَا هُوَ ٱلۡحَقَّ مِنۡ عِندِكَ فَأَمۡطِرۡ عَلَيۡنَا حِجَارَةٗ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ أَوِ ٱئۡتِنَا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٖ ٣٢
And [remember] when they said, "O Allāh, if this should be the truth from You, then rain down upon us stones from the sky or bring us a painful punishment."
﴿إِن كَانَ هَـٰذَا﴾: ما جاءَ به محمدٌ.
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وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمۡ وَأَنتَ فِيهِمۡۚ وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمۡ وَهُمۡ يَسۡتَغۡفِرُونَ ٣٣
But Allāh would not punish them while you, [O Muḥammad], are among them, and Allāh would not punish them while they seek forgiveness.
﴿وَأَنتَ فِيهِمۡ﴾: وأنت مقيمٌ بينَهم في «مكةَ».
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وَمَا لَهُمۡ أَلَّا يُعَذِّبَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَهُمۡ يَصُدُّونَ عَنِ ٱلۡمَسۡجِدِ ٱلۡحَرَامِ وَمَا كَانُوٓاْ أَوۡلِيَآءَهُۥٓۚ إِنۡ أَوۡلِيَآؤُهُۥٓ إِلَّا ٱلۡمُتَّقُونَ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٣٤
But why should Allāh not punish them while they obstruct [people] from al-Masjid al-Ḥarām and they were not [fit to be] its guardians? Its [true] guardians are not but the righteous, but most of them do not know.
﴿وَمَا لَهُمۡ أَلَّا يُعَذِّبَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ﴾: وأيُّ شيءٍ يَمْنَعُ من عذابه لهم؟
﴿يَصُدُّونَ﴾: يَمْنَعُون.
﴿عَنِ ٱلۡمَسۡجِدِ ٱلۡحَرَامِ﴾: عن الطَّوافِ بالكعبةِ، والصَّلاةِ فيه.
﴿وَمَا كَانُوٓاْ أَوۡلِيَآءَهُۥٓ﴾: وما كان الكفارُ أولياءَ اللهِ ولا المسجدِ الحرامِ.
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وَمَا كَانَ صَلَاتُهُمۡ عِندَ ٱلۡبَيۡتِ إِلَّا مُكَآءٗ وَتَصۡدِيَةٗۚ فَذُوقُواْ ٱلۡعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَكۡفُرُونَ ٣٥
And their prayer at the House [i.e., the Kaʿbah] was not except whistling and handclapping. So taste the punishment for what you disbelieved [i.e., practiced of deviations].
﴿مُكَآءࣰ﴾: صَفيرًا.
﴿وَتَصۡدِيَةࣰ﴾: وتَصْفيقًا.
﴿فَذُوقُواْ ٱلۡعَذَابَ﴾: في الدنيا بالقَتْلِ والأَسْرِ في «بدرٍ»، وفي الآخرةِ بالنارِ.
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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ يُنفِقُونَ أَمۡوَٰلَهُمۡ لِيَصُدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ فَسَيُنفِقُونَهَا ثُمَّ تَكُونُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ حَسۡرَةٗ ثُمَّ يُغۡلَبُونَۗ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ يُحۡشَرُونَ ٣٦
Indeed, those who disbelieve spend their wealth to avert [people] from the way of Allāh. So they will spend it; then it will be for them a [source of] regret; then they will be overcome. And those who have disbelieved - unto Hell they will be gathered.
﴿حَسۡرَةࣰ﴾: ندامةً وأَسَفًا.
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لِيَمِيزَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡخَبِيثَ مِنَ ٱلطَّيِّبِ وَيَجۡعَلَ ٱلۡخَبِيثَ بَعۡضَهُۥ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ فَيَرۡكُمَهُۥ جَمِيعٗا فَيَجۡعَلَهُۥ فِي جَهَنَّمَۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰسِرُونَ ٣٧
[It is] so that Allāh may distinguish the wicked from the good and place the wicked some of them upon others and heap them all together and put them into Hell. It is those who are the losers.
﴿لِيَمِيزَ﴾: ليَفْصِلَ.
﴿فَيَرۡكُمَهُۥ﴾: يَجْمَعَه ويَضُمَّ بعضَه إلى بعضٍ.
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قُل لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ إِن يَنتَهُواْ يُغۡفَرۡ لَهُم مَّا قَدۡ سَلَفَ وَإِن يَعُودُواْ فَقَدۡ مَضَتۡ سُنَّتُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ ٣٨
Say to those who have disbelieved [that] if they cease, what has previously occurred will be forgiven for them. But if they return [to hostility] - then the precedent of the former [rebellious] peoples has already taken place.1
﴿إِن يَنتَهُواْ﴾: عن الكفرِ، ويَرْجِعُوا إلى الإيمان.
﴿وَإِن يَعُودُواْ﴾: إلى قتالِ النبيِّ ﷺ.
﴿مَضَتۡ﴾: سَبَقَتْ.
﴿سُنَّتُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ﴾: سنَّتُنا في عقوبةِ مَن كَذَّبَ واستمرَّ على كُفْرِه.
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وَقَٰتِلُوهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ لَا تَكُونَ فِتۡنَةٞ وَيَكُونَ ٱلدِّينُ كُلُّهُۥ لِلَّهِۚ فَإِنِ ٱنتَهَوۡاْ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا يَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ٣٩
And fight against them until there is no fitnah1 and [until] the religion [i.e., worship], all of it, is for Allāh.2 And if they cease - then indeed, Allāh is Seeing of what they do.
﴿فِتۡنَةࣱ﴾: شِرْكٌ وصَدٌّ عن سبيل الله.
﴿وَيَكُونَ ٱلدِّينُ كُلُّهُۥ لِلَّهِ﴾: وتكونَ الطاعةُ والعبادةُ كلُّهاخالصةً لله.
﴿فَإِنِ ٱنتَهَوۡاْ﴾: فإن انزجَرَ المشركون عن شِرْكِهم وفتنةِ المؤمنين.
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وَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَوۡلَىٰكُمۡۚ نِعۡمَ ٱلۡمَوۡلَىٰ وَنِعۡمَ ٱلنَّصِيرُ ٤٠
But if they turn away - then know that Allāh is your protector. Excellent is the protector, and excellent is the helper.
﴿مَوۡلَىٰكُمۡ﴾: مُعينُكم وناصِرُكم.
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۞ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّمَا غَنِمۡتُم مِّن شَيۡءٖ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُۥ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينِ وَٱبۡنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ إِن كُنتُمۡ ءَامَنتُم بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أَنزَلۡنَا عَلَىٰ عَبۡدِنَا يَوۡمَ ٱلۡفُرۡقَانِ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٌ ٤١
And know that anything you obtain of war booty - then indeed, for Allāh is one fifth of it and for the Messenger1 and for [his] near relatives2 and the orphans, the needy, and the [stranded] traveler,3 if you have believed in Allāh and in that which We sent down to Our Servant4 on the day of criterion [i.e., decisive encounter] - the day when the two armies met [at Badr]. And Allāh, over all things, is competent.
﴿غَنِمۡتُم﴾: ظَفِرْتُمْ به من الأعداءِ بالجِهادِ.
﴿وَلِذِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ﴾: قَرابةِ الرسولِ ﷺ، وهم بنو هاشمٍ وبنو المطَّلِبِ.
﴿وَٱلۡيَتَـٰمَىٰ﴾: الأطفالِ الذين مات آباؤُهم وهم دونَ سِنِّ البُلوغ.
﴿وَٱلۡمَسَـٰكِينِ﴾: أهلِ الحاجةِ الذين لا يَمْلِكُون ما يَكْفيهم.
﴿وَٱبۡنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ﴾: المسافرِ الذي انقطعَتْ به النفقةُ.
﴿وَمَآ أَنزَلۡنَا﴾: من الملائكةِ والآياتِ والنَّصْرِ.
﴿يَوۡمَ ٱلۡفُرۡقَانِ﴾: يومَ «بَدْرٍ» حينَ فَرَقَ اللهُ بينَ الحقِّ والباطلِ.
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إِذۡ أَنتُم بِٱلۡعُدۡوَةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَهُم بِٱلۡعُدۡوَةِ ٱلۡقُصۡوَىٰ وَٱلرَّكۡبُ أَسۡفَلَ مِنكُمۡۚ وَلَوۡ تَوَاعَدتُّمۡ لَٱخۡتَلَفۡتُمۡ فِي ٱلۡمِيعَٰدِ وَلَٰكِن لِّيَقۡضِيَ ٱللَّهُ أَمۡرٗا كَانَ مَفۡعُولٗا لِّيَهۡلِكَ مَنۡ هَلَكَ عَنۢ بَيِّنَةٖ وَيَحۡيَىٰ مَنۡ حَيَّ عَنۢ بَيِّنَةٖۗ وَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَسَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ ٤٢
[Remember] when you were on the near side of the valley, and they were on the farther side, and the caravan was lower [in position] than you. If you had made an appointment [to meet], you would have missed the appointment. But [it was] so that Allāh might accomplish a matter already destined - that those who perished [through disbelief] would perish upon evidence and those who lived [in faith] would live upon evidence; and indeed, Allāh is Hearing and Knowing.
﴿بِٱلۡعُدۡوَةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا﴾: جانبِ الوادي الأقربِ إلى «المدينة».
﴿ٱلۡقُصۡوَىٰ﴾: البعيدةِ عن «المدينةِ».
﴿وَٱلرَّكۡبُ﴾: عِيرُ التجارةِ وأصحابُها.
﴿أَسۡفَلَ مِنكُمۡ﴾: في مكانٍ أسفلَ من مكانِكم جهةَ ساحلِ البحرِ الأحمرِ.
﴿لِّيَقۡضِيَ ٱللَّهُ أَمۡرࣰا كَانَ مَفۡعُولࣰا﴾: بنَصْرِ أوليائِه وخِذْلانِ أعدائِه.
﴿لِّيَهۡلِكَ مَنۡ هَلَكَ﴾: ليموتَ مَن يموتُ من الكفّارِ.
﴿عَنۢ بَيِّنَةࣲ﴾: عن حُجَّةٍ عايَنَها.
﴿وَيَحۡيَىٰ مَنۡ حَيَّ﴾: ويعيشَ مَن يعيشُ مِنهُم.
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إِذۡ يُرِيكَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِي مَنَامِكَ قَلِيلٗاۖ وَلَوۡ أَرَىٰكَهُمۡ كَثِيرٗا لَّفَشِلۡتُمۡ وَلَتَنَٰزَعۡتُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَمۡرِ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَلَّمَۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ٤٣
[Remember, O Muḥammad], when Allāh showed them to you in your dream as few; and if He had shown them to you as many, you [believers] would have lost courage and would have disputed in the matter [of whether to fight], but Allāh saved [you from that]. Indeed, He is Knowing of that within the breasts.
﴿لَّفَشِلۡتُمۡ﴾: لَجَبُنْتُم وضَعُفتم.
﴿وَلَتَنَـٰزَعۡتُمۡ﴾: اختلَفْتُم.
﴿فِي ٱلۡأَمۡرِ﴾: في القتالِ.
﴿سَلَّمَ﴾: عَصَمَ من الضَّعْفِ والاختلافِ.
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وَإِذۡ يُرِيكُمُوهُمۡ إِذِ ٱلۡتَقَيۡتُمۡ فِيٓ أَعۡيُنِكُمۡ قَلِيلٗا وَيُقَلِّلُكُمۡ فِيٓ أَعۡيُنِهِمۡ لِيَقۡضِيَ ٱللَّهُ أَمۡرٗا كَانَ مَفۡعُولٗاۗ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ تُرۡجَعُ ٱلۡأُمُورُ ٤٤
And [remember] when He showed them to you, when you met, as few in your eyes, and He made you [appear] as few in their eyes so that Allāh might accomplish a matter already destined. And to Allāh are [all] matters returned.
No commentary for this ayah
8:45Page 182
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا لَقِيتُمۡ فِئَةٗ فَٱثۡبُتُواْ وَٱذۡكُرُواْ ٱللَّهَ كَثِيرٗا لَّعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ ٤٥
O you who have believed, when you encounter a company [from the enemy forces], stand firm and remember Allāh much that you may be successful.
No commentary for this ayah
8:46Page 183
وَأَطِيعُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَلَا تَنَٰزَعُواْ فَتَفۡشَلُواْ وَتَذۡهَبَ رِيحُكُمۡۖ وَٱصۡبِرُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ٤٦
And obey Allāh and His Messenger, and do not dispute and [thus] lose courage and [then] your strength would depart; and be patient. Indeed, Allāh is with the patient.
﴿رِيحُكُمۡ﴾: قُوَّتُكم ونَصْرُكم.
﴿مَعَ ٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ﴾: بالعَوْنِ والنصرِ والتأييدِ.
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وَلَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ خَرَجُواْ مِن دِيَٰرِهِم بَطَرٗا وَرِئَآءَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَيَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا يَعۡمَلُونَ مُحِيطٞ ٤٧
And do not be like those who came forth from their homes insolently and to be seen by people and avert [them] from the way of Allāh. And Allāh is encompassing1 of what they do.
﴿بَطَرࣰا﴾: كِبْرًا.
﴿وَرِئَآءَ ٱلنَّاسِ﴾: مراءاةً لهم وطَلَبًا للفَخْرِ.
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وَإِذۡ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ أَعۡمَٰلَهُمۡ وَقَالَ لَا غَالِبَ لَكُمُ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ مِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَإِنِّي جَارٞ لَّكُمۡۖ فَلَمَّا تَرَآءَتِ ٱلۡفِئَتَانِ نَكَصَ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيۡهِ وَقَالَ إِنِّي بَرِيٓءٞ مِّنكُمۡ إِنِّيٓ أَرَىٰ مَا لَا تَرَوۡنَ إِنِّيٓ أَخَافُ ٱللَّهَۚ وَٱللَّهُ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ ٤٨
And [remember] when Satan made their deeds pleasing to them and said, "No one can overcome you today from among the people, and indeed, I am your protector." But when the two armies sighted each other, he turned on his heels and said, "Indeed, I am disassociated from you. Indeed, I see what you do not see; indeed, I fear Allāh. And Allāh is severe in penalty."
﴿زَيَّنَ﴾: حَسَّنَ.
﴿جَارࣱ لَّكُمۡ﴾: مُعينٌ وناصرٌ لكم.
﴿تَرَآءَتِ ٱلۡفِئَتَانِ﴾: التقى المسلمون مع الكفارِ.
﴿نَكَصَ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيۡهِ﴾: رَجَعَ إلى الوراء ووَلّى هاربًا.
﴿إِنِّيٓ أَرَىٰ مَا لَا تَرَوۡنَ﴾: مِن الملائكةِ الذين جاؤوا لنُصْرَةِ المؤمنين.
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إِذۡ يَقُولُ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقُونَ وَٱلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ غَرَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ دِينُهُمۡۗ وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٞ ٤٩
[Remember] when the hypocrites and those in whose hearts was disease [i.e., arrogance and disbelief] said, "Their religion has deluded those [Muslims]." But whoever relies upon Allāh - then indeed, Allāh is Exalted in Might and Wise.
﴿ٱلۡمُنَـٰفِقُونَ﴾: جَمْعُ مُنافق، وهو: مَن يُظهِرُ الإسلامَ ويُبْطِنُ الكفرَ.
﴿فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌ﴾: ضِعافُ الإيمانِ الشاكُّون من غيرِ نِفاقٍ.
﴿غَرَّ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ دِينُهُمۡ﴾: أي: اغترَّ المسلمون بدينِهم حتى تَكَلَّفُوا قتالَ المشركين.
﴿يَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ﴾: يُفَوِّضْ أمرَه إليه ويعتمدْ عليه.
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وَلَوۡ تَرَىٰٓ إِذۡ يَتَوَفَّى ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ يَضۡرِبُونَ وُجُوهَهُمۡ وَأَدۡبَٰرَهُمۡ وَذُوقُواْ عَذَابَ ٱلۡحَرِيقِ ٥٠
And if you could but see when the angels take the souls of those who disbelieved...1 They are striking their faces and their backs and [saying], "Taste the punishment of the Burning Fire.
﴿يَتَوَفَّى﴾: يَقْبِضُ ويَنْتَزِعُ.
﴿وَأَدۡبَـٰرَهُمۡ﴾: ظهورَهم.
﴿ٱلۡحَرِيقِ﴾: المُحْرِقِ، وهو جهنَّمُ.
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ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيكُمۡ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَيۡسَ بِظَلَّٰمٖ لِّلۡعَبِيدِ ٥١
That is for what your hands have put forth [of evil] and because Allāh is not ever unjust to [His] servants."
﴿بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيكُمۡ﴾: بسبب أعمالِكم السيئةِ.
﴿لَيۡسَ بِظَلَّـٰمࣲ﴾: ليس بذي ظُلْمٍ.
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كَدَأۡبِ ءَالِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ كَفَرُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ فَأَخَذَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِذُنُوبِهِمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ قَوِيّٞ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ ٥٢
[Theirs is] like the custom of the people of Pharaoh and of those before them. They disbelieved in the signs of Allāh, so Allāh seized them for their sins. Indeed, Allāh is Powerful and severe in penalty.
﴿كَدَأۡبِ ءَالِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ﴾: حالُ المشركين في الكفرِ واستحقاقِ العذابِ كحالِ آلِ فرعونَ.
﴿فَأَخَذَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ﴾: أنزلَ بهم عقابَه.
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ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَمۡ يَكُ مُغَيِّرٗا نِّعۡمَةً أَنۡعَمَهَا عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٍ حَتَّىٰ يُغَيِّرُواْ مَا بِأَنفُسِهِمۡ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٞ ٥٣
That is because Allāh would not change a favor which He had bestowed upon a people until they change what is within themselves. And indeed, Allāh is Hearing and Knowing.
﴿ذَ ٰلِكَ﴾: أي: التعذيبُ على الأعمالِ السيئة.
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كَدَأۡبِ ءَالِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِ رَبِّهِمۡ فَأَهۡلَكۡنَٰهُم بِذُنُوبِهِمۡ وَأَغۡرَقۡنَآ ءَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنَۚ وَكُلّٞ كَانُواْ ظَٰلِمِينَ ٥٤
[Theirs is] like the custom of the people of Pharaoh and of those before them. They denied the signs of their Lord, so We destroyed them for their sins, and We drowned the people of Pharaoh. And all [of them] were wrongdoers.
No commentary for this ayah
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إِنَّ شَرَّ ٱلدَّوَآبِّ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَهُمۡ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٥٥
Indeed, the worst of living creatures in the sight of Allāh are those who have disbelieved, and they will not [ever] believe-
﴿ٱلدَّوَآبِّ﴾: جَمْعُ دابَّةٍ، وهي: ما دَبَّ على الأرضِ من خَلْقِ اللهِ.
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ٱلَّذِينَ عَٰهَدتَّ مِنۡهُمۡ ثُمَّ يَنقُضُونَ عَهۡدَهُمۡ فِي كُلِّ مَرَّةٖ وَهُمۡ لَا يَتَّقُونَ ٥٦
The ones with whom you made a treaty but then they break their pledge every time, and they do not fear Allāh.
﴿عَـٰهَدتَّ﴾: التزَمْتَ معهم بميثاقٍ.
﴿يَنقُضُونَ﴾: يُبْطِلُون.
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فَإِمَّا تَثۡقَفَنَّهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡحَرۡبِ فَشَرِّدۡ بِهِم مَّنۡ خَلۡفَهُمۡ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَذَّكَّرُونَ ٥٧
So if you, [O Muḥammad], gain dominance over them in war, disperse by [means of] them those behind them that perhaps they will be reminded.1
﴿فَإِمَّا تَثۡقَفَنَّهُمۡ﴾: فإن ظَفِرْتَ بهم وصادَفْتَهم.
﴿فَشَرِّدۡ بِهِم﴾: ففرِّقْ وخَوِّفْ بقَتْلهِم والتنكيلِ بهم.
﴿مَّنۡ خَلۡفَهُمۡ﴾: غيرَهم من المحاربين.
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وَإِمَّا تَخَافَنَّ مِن قَوۡمٍ خِيَانَةٗ فَٱنۢبِذۡ إِلَيۡهِمۡ عَلَىٰ سَوَآءٍۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلۡخَآئِنِينَ ٥٨
If you [have reason to] fear from a people betrayal, throw [their treaty] back to them, [putting you] on equal terms.1 Indeed, Allāh does not like traitors.
﴿فَٱنۢبِذۡ إِلَيۡهِمۡ﴾: فألْقِ إليهم عَهْدَهم.
﴿عَلَىٰ سَوَآءٍ﴾: حتى يَسْتَوِيَ الفريقان في العِلْم بأنه لا عَهْدَ بينَهم.
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وَلَا يَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ سَبَقُوٓاْۚ إِنَّهُمۡ لَا يُعۡجِزُونَ ٥٩
And let not those who disbelieve think they will escape. Indeed, they will not cause failure [to Allāh].
﴿سَبَقُوٓاْ﴾: أفلَتُوا ونَجَوْا من الظَّفَرِ بهم.
﴿لَا يُعۡجِزُونَ﴾: لن يُفْلِتُوا من عذابِ اللهِ.
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وَأَعِدُّواْ لَهُم مَّا ٱسۡتَطَعۡتُم مِّن قُوَّةٖ وَمِن رِّبَاطِ ٱلۡخَيۡلِ تُرۡهِبُونَ بِهِۦ عَدُوَّ ٱللَّهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمۡ وَءَاخَرِينَ مِن دُونِهِمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ يَعۡلَمُهُمۡۚ وَمَا تُنفِقُواْ مِن شَيۡءٖ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ يُوَفَّ إِلَيۡكُمۡ وَأَنتُمۡ لَا تُظۡلَمُونَ ٦٠
And prepare against them whatever you are able of power and of steeds of war1 by which you may terrify the enemy of Allāh and your enemy and others besides them whom you do not know [but] whom Allāh knows. And whatever you spend in the cause of Allāh will be fully repaid to you, and you will not be wronged.
﴿وَأَعِدُّواْ﴾: وهَيِّئوا.
﴿رِّبَاطِ ٱلۡخَيۡلِ﴾: إعدادِها ورَبْطِها؛ انتظارًا للغَزْوِ عليها.
﴿تُرۡهِبُونَ﴾: تُخَوِّفُون.
﴿مِن دُونِهِمۡ﴾: مِن غيرِهم.
﴿لَا تَعۡلَمُونَهُمُ﴾: لم تَظْهَرْ لكم عداوتُهم.
﴿يُوَفَّ إِلَيۡكُمۡ﴾: يُخْلِفْه اللهُ لكم في الدنيا، ويَدَّخِرْ لكم ثوابَه في الآخرة.
﴿لَا تُظۡلَمُونَ﴾: لا تُنْقَصُون شيئًا من أجرِ الإنفاقِ.
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۞ وَإِن جَنَحُواْ لِلسَّلۡمِ فَٱجۡنَحۡ لَهَا وَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلسَّمِيعُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٦١
And if they incline to peace, then incline to it [also] and rely upon Allāh. Indeed, it is He who is the Hearing, the Knowing.
﴿جَنَحُواْ﴾: مالَ المحارِبُون.
﴿لِلسَّلۡمِ﴾: للمُسالمةِ وتَرْكِ الحربِ.
﴿فَٱجۡنَحۡ لَهَا﴾: فمِلْ إلى المصالحةِ.
﴿وَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ﴾: اعتمِدْ عليه وفَوِّضْ أمْرَك إليه.
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وَإِن يُرِيدُوٓاْ أَن يَخۡدَعُوكَ فَإِنَّ حَسۡبَكَ ٱللَّهُۚ هُوَ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَيَّدَكَ بِنَصۡرِهِۦ وَبِٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٦٢
But if they intend to deceive you - then sufficient for you is Allāh. It is He who supported you with His help and with the believers
﴿يَخۡدَعُوكَ﴾: يُدَبِّرُوا إيقاعَك فيما تَكْرَهُ.
﴿حَسۡبَكَ ٱللَّهُ﴾: كافِيك وناصِرُك.
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وَأَلَّفَ بَيۡنَ قُلُوبِهِمۡۚ لَوۡ أَنفَقۡتَ مَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗا مَّآ أَلَّفۡتَ بَيۡنَ قُلُوبِهِمۡ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ أَلَّفَ بَيۡنَهُمۡۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٞ ٦٣
And brought together their hearts. If you had spent all that is in the earth, you could not have brought their hearts together; but Allāh brought them together. Indeed, He is Exalted in Might and Wise.
﴿وَأَلَّفَ﴾: وجَمَعَ.
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ حَسۡبُكَ ٱللَّهُ وَمَنِ ٱتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٦٤
O Prophet, sufficient for you is Allāh and for whoever follows you of the believers.
No commentary for this ayah
8:65Page 185
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ حَرِّضِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ عَلَى ٱلۡقِتَالِۚ إِن يَكُن مِّنكُمۡ عِشۡرُونَ صَٰبِرُونَ يَغۡلِبُواْ مِاْئَتَيۡنِۚ وَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُم مِّاْئَةٞ يَغۡلِبُوٓاْ أَلۡفٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَوۡمٞ لَّا يَفۡقَهُونَ ٦٥
O Prophet, urge the believers to battle. If there are among you twenty [who are] steadfast, they will overcome two hundred. And if there are among you one hundred [who are steadfast], they will overcome a thousand of those who have disbelieved because they are a people who do not understand.
﴿حَرِّضِ﴾: بالِغْ في الحَثِّ.
﴿لَّا يَفۡقَهُونَ﴾: لا يَعْلمون ما أعَدَّه اللهُ للمجاهدين في سبيلِه.
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ٱلۡـَٰٔنَ خَفَّفَ ٱللَّهُ عَنكُمۡ وَعَلِمَ أَنَّ فِيكُمۡ ضَعۡفٗاۚ فَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُم مِّاْئَةٞ صَابِرَةٞ يَغۡلِبُواْ مِاْئَتَيۡنِۚ وَإِن يَكُن مِّنكُمۡ أَلۡفٞ يَغۡلِبُوٓاْ أَلۡفَيۡنِ بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ مَعَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ٦٦
Now, Allāh has lightened [the hardship] for you, and He knows that among you is weakness. So if there are from you one hundred [who are] steadfast, they will overcome two hundred. And if there are among you a thousand, they will overcome two thousand by permission of Allāh. And Allāh is with the steadfast.
﴿مَعَ ٱلصَّـٰبِرِينَ﴾: بتأييدِه ونَصْرِه.
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مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَن يَكُونَ لَهُۥٓ أَسۡرَىٰ حَتَّىٰ يُثۡخِنَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ تُرِيدُونَ عَرَضَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةَۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٞ ٦٧
It is not for a prophet to have captives [of war] until he inflicts a massacre [upon Allāh's enemies] in the land. You [i.e., some Muslims] desire the commodities of this world,1 but Allāh desires [for you] the Hereafter. And Allāh is Exalted in Might and Wise.
﴿يُثۡخِنَ﴾: يُبالِغَ في قَتْلِ الأعداءِ.
﴿عَرَضَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا﴾: حُطامَها، وهو: الفِداءُ من أسْرى «بدر».
﴿يُرِيدُ ٱلۡـَٔاخِرَةَ﴾: ثوابَها، بإظهارِ الدِّين، وما يَحْصِلُ لكم من أجْر الجهادِ.
﴿عَزِيزٌ﴾: قويٌّ قادرٌ لا يُقْهَرُ.
﴿حَكِيمࣱ﴾: ذو حِكْمةٍ في أفعالِه كلِّها.
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لَّوۡلَا كِتَٰبٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمۡ فِيمَآ أَخَذۡتُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ ٦٨
If not for a decree from Allāh that preceded,1 you would have been touched for what you took by a great punishment.
﴿كِتَـٰبࣱ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ﴾: قَضاءٌ وحُكْمٌ منه.
﴿سَبَقَ﴾: بإباحةِ الغنيمةِ وفِداءِ الأسرى.
﴿لَمَسَّكُمۡ﴾: لَأصابَكم.
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فَكُلُواْ مِمَّا غَنِمۡتُمۡ حَلَٰلٗا طَيِّبٗاۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٦٩
So consume what you have taken of war booty [as being] lawful and good, and fear Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
﴿مِمَّا غَنِمۡتُمۡ﴾: مِن قِتالِ عَدُوِّكم وفِداءِ الأسرى.
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّ قُل لِّمَن فِيٓ أَيۡدِيكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأَسۡرَىٰٓ إِن يَعۡلَمِ ٱللَّهُ فِي قُلُوبِكُمۡ خَيۡرٗا يُؤۡتِكُمۡ خَيۡرٗا مِّمَّآ أُخِذَ مِنكُمۡ وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٧٠
O Prophet, say to whoever is in your hands of the captives, "If Allāh knows [any] good in your hearts, He will give you [something] better than what was taken from you, and He will forgive you; and Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful."
﴿مِّمَّآ أُخِذَ مِنكُمۡ﴾: من المالِ بأن يُيَسِّرَ اللهُ لكم من فَضْلِه خيرًا كثيرًا.
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وَإِن يُرِيدُواْ خِيَانَتَكَ فَقَدۡ خَانُواْ ٱللَّهَ مِن قَبۡلُ فَأَمۡكَنَ مِنۡهُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ ٧١
But if they intend to betray you - then they have already betrayed Allāh before, and He empowered [you] over them. And Allāh is Knowing and Wise.
﴿خِيَانَتَكَ﴾: بالغَدْرِ بك وخِداعِكَ.
﴿خَانُواْ ٱللَّهَ﴾: بمخالفةِ أمْرِه.
﴿مِن قَبۡلُ﴾: قبلَ غزوةِ «بدرٍ».
﴿فَأَمۡكَنَ مِنۡهُمۡ﴾: فأقدرك الله عليهم ونَصَرَك.
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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ وَّنَصَرُوٓاْ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٖۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَلَمۡ يُهَاجِرُواْ مَا لَكُم مِّن وَلَٰيَتِهِم مِّن شَيۡءٍ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُواْۚ وَإِنِ ٱسۡتَنصَرُوكُمۡ فِي ٱلدِّينِ فَعَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلنَّصۡرُ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٞۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ٧٢
Indeed, those who have believed and emigrated and fought with their wealth and lives in the cause of Allāh and those who gave shelter and aided - they are allies of one another. But those who believed and did not emigrate - for you there is no support of them until they emigrate. And if they seek help of you for the religion, then you must help, except against a people between yourselves and whom is a treaty. And Allāh is Seeing of what you do.
﴿وَهَاجَرُواْ﴾: انتقلُوا إلى دارِ الإسلام، أو بلدٍ يتمكَّنُون فيه من العبادةِ.
﴿وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ﴾: هم الأنصارُ الذين أسكنُوا النبيَّ ﷺ والمهاجرين في دُورِهم.
﴿أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضࣲ﴾: في النُّصْرَةِ والمعونةِ.
﴿وَلَـٰيَتِهِم﴾: نُصْرَتهِم.
﴿ٱسۡتَنصَرُوكُمۡ﴾: طلبُوا نُصْرَتَكم.
﴿فِي ٱلدِّينِ﴾: بأنهم من أهلِ دينِكم.
﴿مِّيثَـٰقࣱ﴾: عَهْدٌ مؤكَّدٌ.
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وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٍۚ إِلَّا تَفۡعَلُوهُ تَكُن فِتۡنَةٞ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَفَسَادٞ كَبِيرٞ ٧٣
And those who disbelieved are allies of one another. If you do not do so [i.e., ally yourselves with other believers], there will be fitnah [i.e., disbelief and oppression] on earth and great corruption.
﴿إِلَّا تَفۡعَلُوهُ﴾: أي: تَوَلِّيَ المؤمنين ونُصْرتهم.
﴿فِتۡنَةࣱ﴾: للمؤمنين عن دينِهم.
﴿وَفَسَادࣱ كَبِيرࣱ﴾: بالصَّدِّ عن سبيلِ اللهِ، وقوةِ الكفرِ.
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وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَاوَواْ وَّنَصَرُوٓاْ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ حَقّٗاۚ لَّهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ وَرِزۡقٞ كَرِيمٞ ٧٤
But those who have believed and emigrated and fought in the cause of Allāh and those who gave shelter and aided - it is they who are the believers, truly. For them is forgiveness and noble provision.
No commentary for this ayah
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وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدُ وَهَاجَرُواْ وَجَٰهَدُواْ مَعَكُمۡ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مِنكُمۡۚ وَأُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡحَامِ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلَىٰ بِبَعۡضٖ فِي كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمُۢ ٧٥
And those who believed after [the initial emigration] and emigrated and fought with you - they are of you. But those of [blood] relationship are more entitled [to inheritance] in the decree of Allāh.1 Indeed, Allāh is Knowing of all things.
﴿مِنۢ بَعۡدُ﴾: بعدَ السابقين إلى الإيمانِ والهجرةِ.
﴿فَأُوْلَـٰٓئِكَ مِنكُمۡ﴾: أي: لهم ما لكم وعليهم ما عليكم.
﴿وَأُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡحَامِ﴾: ذَوو القَراباتِ.
﴿أَوۡلَىٰ بِبَعۡضࣲ﴾: في الميراثِ من عامَّةِ المسلمين.
﴿كِتَـٰبِ ٱللَّهِ﴾: حُكْمِه الذي كَتَبَه في اللَّوحِ المحفوظِ.
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences