Ibn al-JazariAr‑Rum · 30:1–60

Ibn al-Jazari · Tafsir · in Arabic

الروم

Ar-Rum

The Romans · Meccan · 60 ayahs

30:1Page 404

الٓمٓ ١

Alif, Lām, Meem.1

سُورَةُ الرُومِ

تَقَدَّمَ مَذْهَبُ أبِي جَعْفَرٍ في السَكْتِ عَلى الحُرُوفِ.

30:2Page 404

غُلِبَتِ ٱلرُّومُ ٢

The Byzantines have been defeated1

No commentary for this ayah

30:3Page 404

فِيٓ أَدۡنَى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَهُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ غَلَبِهِمۡ سَيَغۡلِبُونَ ٣

In the nearest land.1 But they, after their defeat, will overcome

No commentary for this ayah

30:4Page 404

فِي بِضۡعِ سِنِينَۗ لِلَّهِ ٱلۡأَمۡرُ مِن قَبۡلُ وَمِنۢ بَعۡدُۚ وَيَوۡمَئِذٖ يَفۡرَحُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ٤

Within three to nine years. To Allāh belongs the command [i.e., decree] before and after. And that day the believers will rejoice

No commentary for this ayah

30:5Page 404

بِنَصۡرِ ٱللَّهِۚ يَنصُرُ مَن يَشَآءُۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٥

In the victory of Allāh.1 He gives victory to whom He wills, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Merciful.

No commentary for this ayah

30:6Page 405

وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِۖ لَا يُخۡلِفُ ٱللَّهُ وَعۡدَهُۥ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٦

[It is] the promise of Allāh. Allāh does not fail in His promise, but most of the people do not know.

No commentary for this ayah

30:7Page 405

يَعۡلَمُونَ ظَٰهِرٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَهُمۡ عَنِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ هُمۡ غَٰفِلُونَ ٧

They know what is apparent of the worldly life, but they, of the Hereafter, are unaware.

No commentary for this ayah

30:8Page 405

أَوَلَمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُواْ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۗ مَّا خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَآ إِلَّا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَأَجَلٖ مُّسَمّٗىۗ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِلِقَآيِٕ رَبِّهِمۡ لَكَٰفِرُونَ ٨

Do they not contemplate within themselves?1 Allāh has not created the heavens and the earth and what is between them except in truth and for a specified term. And indeed, many of the people, in the meeting with their Lord, are disbelievers.

No commentary for this ayah

30:9Page 405

أَوَلَمۡ يَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ كَانُوٓاْ أَشَدَّ مِنۡهُمۡ قُوَّةٗ وَأَثَارُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَعَمَرُوهَآ أَكۡثَرَ مِمَّا عَمَرُوهَا وَجَآءَتۡهُمۡ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِۖ فَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيَظۡلِمَهُمۡ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٩

Have they not traveled through the earth and observed how was the end of those before them? They were greater than them in power, and they plowed [or excavated] the earth and built it up more than they [i.e., the Makkans] have built it up, and their messengers came to them with clear evidences. And Allāh would not ever have wronged them, but they were wronging themselves.

No commentary for this ayah

30:10Page 405

ثُمَّ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَسَٰٓـُٔواْ ٱلسُّوٓأَىٰٓ أَن كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَانُواْ بِهَا يَسۡتَهۡزِءُونَ ١٠

Then the end of those who did evil was the worst [consequence] because they denied the signs of Allāh and used to ridicule them.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿عاقِبَةَ الَّذِينَ أساءُوا﴾ فَقَرَأ المَدَنِيّانِ، وابْنُ كَثِيرٍ، والبَصْرِيّانِ بِالرَفْعِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِالنَصْبِ.

30:11Page 405

ٱللَّهُ يَبۡدَؤُاْ ٱلۡخَلۡقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُۥ ثُمَّ إِلَيۡهِ تُرۡجَعُونَ ١١

Allāh begins creation; then He will repeat it; then to Him you will be returned.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿إلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ﴾ فَقَرَأ أبُو عَمْرٍو وأبُو بَكْرٍ ورَوْحٌ بِالغَيْبِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِالخِطابِ. ويَعْقُوبُ عَلى أصْلِهِ.

30:12Page 405

وَيَوۡمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يُبۡلِسُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ ١٢

And the Day the Hour appears the criminals will be in despair.

No commentary for this ayah

30:13Page 405

وَلَمۡ يَكُن لَّهُم مِّن شُرَكَآئِهِمۡ شُفَعَٰٓؤُاْ وَكَانُواْ بِشُرَكَآئِهِمۡ كَٰفِرِينَ ١٣

And there will not be for them among their [alleged] partners any intercessors, and they will [then] be disbelievers in their partners.

No commentary for this ayah

30:14Page 405

وَيَوۡمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يَوۡمَئِذٖ يَتَفَرَّقُونَ ١٤

And the Day the Hour appears - that Day they will become separated.

No commentary for this ayah

30:15Page 405

فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فَهُمۡ فِي رَوۡضَةٖ يُحۡبَرُونَ ١٥

And as for those who had believed and done righteous deeds, they will be in a garden [of Paradise], delighted.

No commentary for this ayah

30:16Page 406

وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَكَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَلِقَآيِٕ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ مُحۡضَرُونَ ١٦

But as for those who disbelieved and denied Our verses and the meeting of the Hereafter, those will be brought into the punishment [to remain].

No commentary for this ayah

30:17Page 406

فَسُبۡحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ حِينَ تُمۡسُونَ وَحِينَ تُصۡبِحُونَ ١٧

So exalted is Allāh when you reach the evening and when you reach the morning.

No commentary for this ayah

30:18Page 406

وَلَهُ ٱلۡحَمۡدُ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَعَشِيّٗا وَحِينَ تُظۡهِرُونَ ١٨

And to Him is [due all] praise throughout the heavens and the earth. And [exalted is He] at night and when you are at noon.

No commentary for this ayah

30:19Page 406

يُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡحَيَّ مِنَ ٱلۡمَيِّتِ وَيُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡمَيِّتَ مِنَ ٱلۡحَيِّ وَيُحۡيِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ تُخۡرَجُونَ ١٩

He brings the living out of the dead and brings the dead out of the living and brings to life the earth after its lifelessness. And thus will you be brought out.1

وَتَقَدَّمَ ﴿المَيِّتِ﴾ في المَوْضِعَيْنِ عِنْدَ ﴿المَيْتَةَ﴾ [البقرة: ١٧٣] في سُورَةِ البَقَرَةِ

وَتَقَدَّمَ ﴿وَكَذَلِكَ تُخْرَجُونَ﴾ في الأعْرافِ.

30:20Page 406

وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَنۡ خَلَقَكُم مِّن تُرَابٖ ثُمَّ إِذَآ أَنتُم بَشَرٞ تَنتَشِرُونَ ٢٠

And of His signs is that He created you from dust; then, suddenly you were human beings dispersing [throughout the earth].

No commentary for this ayah

30:21Page 406

وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَنۡ خَلَقَ لَكُم مِّنۡ أَنفُسِكُمۡ أَزۡوَٰجٗا لِّتَسۡكُنُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهَا وَجَعَلَ بَيۡنَكُم مَّوَدَّةٗ وَرَحۡمَةًۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ٢١

And of His signs is that He created for you from yourselves mates that you may find tranquility in them; and He placed between you affection and mercy. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.

No commentary for this ayah

30:22Page 406

وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ خَلۡقُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَٱخۡتِلَٰفُ أَلۡسِنَتِكُمۡ وَأَلۡوَٰنِكُمۡۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّلۡعَٰلِمِينَ ٢٢

And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth and the diversity of your languages and your colors. Indeed in that are signs for those of knowledge.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿لِلْعالِمِينَ﴾، فَرَوى حَفْصٌ بِكَسْرِ اللامِ.

30:23Page 406

وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ مَنَامُكُم بِٱلَّيۡلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ وَٱبۡتِغَآؤُكُم مِّن فَضۡلِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَسۡمَعُونَ ٢٣

And of His signs is your sleep by night and day and your seeking of His bounty. Indeed in that are signs for a people who listen.

No commentary for this ayah

30:24Page 406

وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ يُرِيكُمُ ٱلۡبَرۡقَ خَوۡفٗا وَطَمَعٗا وَيُنَزِّلُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَيُحۡيِۦ بِهِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَآۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَعۡقِلُونَ ٢٤

And of His signs is [that] He shows you the lightning [causing] fear and aspiration, and He sends down rain from the sky by which He brings to life the earth after its lifelessness. Indeed in that are signs for a people who use reason.

No commentary for this ayah

30:25Page 407

وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَن تَقُومَ ٱلسَّمَآءُ وَٱلۡأَرۡضُ بِأَمۡرِهِۦۚ ثُمَّ إِذَا دَعَاكُمۡ دَعۡوَةٗ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِذَآ أَنتُمۡ تَخۡرُجُونَ ٢٥

And of His signs is that the heaven and earth stand [i.e., remain] by His command. Then when He calls you with a [single] call from the earth, immediately you will come forth.

No commentary for this ayah

30:26Page 407

وَلَهُۥ مَن فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ كُلّٞ لَّهُۥ قَٰنِتُونَ ٢٦

And to Him belongs whoever is in the heavens and earth. All are to Him devoutly obedient.

No commentary for this ayah

30:27Page 407

وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي يَبۡدَؤُاْ ٱلۡخَلۡقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُۥ وَهُوَ أَهۡوَنُ عَلَيۡهِۚ وَلَهُ ٱلۡمَثَلُ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٢٧

And it is He who begins creation; then He repeats it, and that is [even] easier for Him. To Him belongs the highest description [i.e., attribute] in the heavens and earth. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.

No commentary for this ayah

30:28Page 407

ضَرَبَ لَكُم مَّثَلٗا مِّنۡ أَنفُسِكُمۡۖ هَل لَّكُم مِّن مَّا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُم مِّن شُرَكَآءَ فِي مَا رَزَقۡنَٰكُمۡ فَأَنتُمۡ فِيهِ سَوَآءٞ تَخَافُونَهُمۡ كَخِيفَتِكُمۡ أَنفُسَكُمۡۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ لِقَوۡمٖ يَعۡقِلُونَ ٢٨

He presents to you an example from yourselves. Do you have among those whom your right hands possess [i.e., slaves] any partners in what We have provided for you so that you are equal therein [and] would fear them as your fear of one another [within a partnership]?1 Thus do We detail the verses for a people who use reason.

No commentary for this ayah

30:29Page 407

بَلِ ٱتَّبَعَ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوٓاْ أَهۡوَآءَهُم بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٖۖ فَمَن يَهۡدِي مَنۡ أَضَلَّ ٱللَّهُۖ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن نَّٰصِرِينَ ٢٩

But those who wrong follow their [own] desires without knowledge. Then who can guide one whom Allāh has sent astray? And for them there are no helpers.

No commentary for this ayah

30:30Page 407

فَأَقِمۡ وَجۡهَكَ لِلدِّينِ حَنِيفٗاۚ فِطۡرَتَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّتِي فَطَرَ ٱلنَّاسَ عَلَيۡهَاۚ لَا تَبۡدِيلَ لِخَلۡقِ ٱللَّهِۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلدِّينُ ٱلۡقَيِّمُ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٣٠

So direct your face [i.e., self] toward the religion, inclining to truth. [Adhere to] the fiṭrah1 of Allāh upon which He has created [all] people. No change should there be in the creation of Allāh.2 That is the correct religion, but most of the people do not know.

No commentary for this ayah

30:31Page 407

۞ مُنِيبِينَ إِلَيۡهِ وَٱتَّقُوهُ وَأَقِيمُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَلَا تَكُونُواْ مِنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ٣١

[Adhere to it], turning in repentance to Him, and fear Him and establish prayer and do not be of those who associate others with Allāh

No commentary for this ayah

30:32Page 407

مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ فَرَّقُواْ دِينَهُمۡ وَكَانُواْ شِيَعٗاۖ كُلُّ حِزۡبِۭ بِمَا لَدَيۡهِمۡ فَرِحُونَ ٣٢

[Or] of those who have divided their religion and become sects, every faction rejoicing in what it has.1

No commentary for this ayah

30:33Page 408

وَإِذَا مَسَّ ٱلنَّاسَ ضُرّٞ دَعَوۡاْ رَبَّهُم مُّنِيبِينَ إِلَيۡهِ ثُمَّ إِذَآ أَذَاقَهُم مِّنۡهُ رَحۡمَةً إِذَا فَرِيقٞ مِّنۡهُم بِرَبِّهِمۡ يُشۡرِكُونَ ٣٣

And when adversity touches the people, they call upon their Lord, turning in repentance to Him. Then when He lets them taste mercy from Him, at once a party of them associate others with their Lord,

No commentary for this ayah

30:34Page 408

لِيَكۡفُرُواْ بِمَآ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُمۡۚ فَتَمَتَّعُواْ فَسَوۡفَ تَعۡلَمُونَ ٣٤

So that they will deny what We have granted them.1 Then enjoy yourselves, for you are going to know.

No commentary for this ayah

30:35Page 408

أَمۡ أَنزَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ سُلۡطَٰنٗا فَهُوَ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِمَا كَانُواْ بِهِۦ يُشۡرِكُونَ ٣٥

Or have We sent down to them an authority [i.e., a proof or scripture], and it speaks of what they have been associating with Him?

No commentary for this ayah

30:36Page 408

وَإِذَآ أَذَقۡنَا ٱلنَّاسَ رَحۡمَةٗ فَرِحُواْ بِهَاۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ سَيِّئَةُۢ بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ إِذَا هُمۡ يَقۡنَطُونَ ٣٦

And when We let the people taste mercy, they rejoice therein, but if evil afflicts them for what their hands have put forth, immediately they despair.

No commentary for this ayah

30:37Page 408

أَوَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَبۡسُطُ ٱلرِّزۡقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَقۡدِرُۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٣٧

Do they not see that Allāh extends provision for whom He wills and restricts [it]? Indeed in that are signs for a people who believe.

No commentary for this ayah

30:38Page 408

فَـَٔاتِ ذَا ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ حَقَّهُۥ وَٱلۡمِسۡكِينَ وَٱبۡنَ ٱلسَّبِيلِۚ ذَٰلِكَ خَيۡرٞ لِّلَّذِينَ يُرِيدُونَ وَجۡهَ ٱللَّهِۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ٣٨

So give the relative his right, as well as the needy and the traveler. That is best for those who desire the face [i.e., approval] of Allāh, and it is they who will be the successful.

No commentary for this ayah

30:39Page 408

وَمَآ ءَاتَيۡتُم مِّن رِّبٗا لِّيَرۡبُوَاْ فِيٓ أَمۡوَٰلِ ٱلنَّاسِ فَلَا يَرۡبُواْ عِندَ ٱللَّهِۖ وَمَآ ءَاتَيۡتُم مِّن زَكَوٰةٖ تُرِيدُونَ وَجۡهَ ٱللَّهِ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُضۡعِفُونَ ٣٩

And whatever you give for interest [i.e., advantage] to increase within the wealth of people1 will not increase with Allāh. But what you give in zakāh,2 desiring the face [i.e., approval] of Allāh - those are the multipliers.3

وَتَقَدَّمَ ﴿آتَيْتُمْ مِن رِبًا﴾ لِابْنِ كَثِيرٍ في البَقَرَةِ.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿لِيَرْبُوَ﴾ فَقَرَأ المَدَنِيّانِ ويَعْقُوبُ بِالخِطابِ وضَمِّ التاءِ، وإسْكانِ الواوِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِالغَيْبِ وفَتْحِ الياءِ والواوِ.

(واتَّفَقُوا) عَلى: مَدِّ: ﴿وَما آتَيْتُمْ مِن زَكاةٍ﴾ مِن (p-٣٤٥)أجْلِ قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿وَإيتاءَ الزَكاةِ﴾ [الأنبياء: ٧٣]

وَتَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُ في البَقَرَةِ.

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ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَكُمۡ ثُمَّ رَزَقَكُمۡ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمۡ ثُمَّ يُحۡيِيكُمۡۖ هَلۡ مِن شُرَكَآئِكُم مَّن يَفۡعَلُ مِن ذَٰلِكُم مِّن شَيۡءٖۚ سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ وَتَعَٰلَىٰ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ ٤٠

Allāh is the one who created you, then provided for you, then will cause you to die, and then will give you life. Are there any of your "partners" who does anything of that? Exalted is He and high above what they associate with Him.

وَتَقَدَّمَ ﴿عَمّا يُشْرِكُونَ﴾ في يُونُسَ.

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ظَهَرَ ٱلۡفَسَادُ فِي ٱلۡبَرِّ وَٱلۡبَحۡرِ بِمَا كَسَبَتۡ أَيۡدِي ٱلنَّاسِ لِيُذِيقَهُم بَعۡضَ ٱلَّذِي عَمِلُواْ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَرۡجِعُونَ ٤١

Corruption has appeared throughout the land and sea by [reason of] what the hands of people have earned so He [i.e., Allāh] may let them taste part of [the consequence of] what they have done that perhaps they will return [to righteousness].

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿لِيُذِيقَهُمْ﴾، فَرَوى رَوْحٌ بِالنُونِ (واخْتُلِفَ) عَنْ قُنْبُلٍ، فَرَوى عَنْهُ ابْنُ مُجاهِدٍ، وكَذَلِكَ رَوى القاضِي أبُو الفَرَجِ عَنِ ابْنِ شَنَبُوذَ عَنْهُ فانْفَرَدَ بِذَلِكَ عَنْهُ، وهي رِوايَةُ حَمْدُونَ بْنِ الصَقْرِ بْنِ ثَوْبانَ، ورَوى الشَطَوِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ شَنَبُوذَ عَنْهُ بِالياءِ، وكَذا رَواهُ سائِرُ الرُواةِ عَنِ ابْنِ شَنَبُوذَ، وعَنْ قُنْبُلٍ، وبِذَلِكَ قَرَأ الباقُونَ.

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قُلۡ سِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلُۚ كَانَ أَكۡثَرُهُم مُّشۡرِكِينَ ٤٢

Say, [O Muḥammad], "Travel through the land and observe how was the end of those before. Most of them were associators [of others with Allāh].

No commentary for this ayah

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فَأَقِمۡ وَجۡهَكَ لِلدِّينِ ٱلۡقَيِّمِ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن يَأۡتِيَ يَوۡمٞ لَّا مَرَدَّ لَهُۥ مِنَ ٱللَّهِۖ يَوۡمَئِذٖ يَصَّدَّعُونَ ٤٣

So direct your face [i.e., self] toward the correct religion before a Day comes from Allāh of which there is no repelling. That Day, they will be divided.1

No commentary for this ayah

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مَن كَفَرَ فَعَلَيۡهِ كُفۡرُهُۥۖ وَمَنۡ عَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَلِأَنفُسِهِمۡ يَمۡهَدُونَ ٤٤

Whoever disbelieves - upon him is [the consequence of] his disbelief. And whoever does righteousness - they are for themselves preparing,

No commentary for this ayah

30:45Page 409

لِيَجۡزِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٤٥

That He may reward those who have believed and done righteous deeds out of His bounty. Indeed, He does not like the disbelievers.

No commentary for this ayah

30:46Page 409

وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَن يُرۡسِلَ ٱلرِّيَاحَ مُبَشِّرَٰتٖ وَلِيُذِيقَكُم مِّن رَّحۡمَتِهِۦ وَلِتَجۡرِيَ ٱلۡفُلۡكُ بِأَمۡرِهِۦ وَلِتَبۡتَغُواْ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٤٦

And of His signs is that He sends the winds as bringers of good tidings and to let you taste His mercy [i.e., rain] and so the ships may sail at His command and so you may seek of His bounty, and perhaps you will be grateful.

وَتَقَدَّمَ ﴿يُرْسِلَ الرِياحَ﴾ في البَقَرَةِ.

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وَلَقَدۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ رُسُلًا إِلَىٰ قَوۡمِهِمۡ فَجَآءُوهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ فَٱنتَقَمۡنَا مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَجۡرَمُواْۖ وَكَانَ حَقًّا عَلَيۡنَا نَصۡرُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٤٧

And We have already sent messengers before you to their peoples, and they came to them with clear evidences; then We took retribution from those who committed crimes, and incumbent upon Us was support1 of the believers.

No commentary for this ayah

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ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي يُرۡسِلُ ٱلرِّيَٰحَ فَتُثِيرُ سَحَابٗا فَيَبۡسُطُهُۥ فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ كَيۡفَ يَشَآءُ وَيَجۡعَلُهُۥ كِسَفٗا فَتَرَى ٱلۡوَدۡقَ يَخۡرُجُ مِنۡ خِلَٰلِهِۦۖ فَإِذَآ أَصَابَ بِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦٓ إِذَا هُمۡ يَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ ٤٨

It is Allāh who sends the winds, and they stir the clouds and spread them in the sky however He wills, and He makes them fragments so you see the rain emerge from within them. And when He causes it to fall upon whom He wills of His servants, immediately they rejoice

وَتَقَدَّمَ ﴿كِسَفًا﴾ في الإسْراءِ لِأبِي جَعْفَرٍ وابْنِ ذَكْوانَ وخِلافُ هِشامٍ.

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وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن يُنَزَّلَ عَلَيۡهِم مِّن قَبۡلِهِۦ لَمُبۡلِسِينَ ٤٩

Although they were, before it was sent down upon them - before that, in despair.

No commentary for this ayah

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فَٱنظُرۡ إِلَىٰٓ ءَاثَٰرِ رَحۡمَتِ ٱللَّهِ كَيۡفَ يُحۡيِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَآۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمُحۡيِ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ٥٠

So observe the effects of the mercy of Allāh - how He gives life to the earth after its lifelessness. Indeed, that [same one] will give life to the dead, and He is over all things competent.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿آثارِ رَحْمَةِ اللَهِ﴾ فَقَرَأ المَدَنِيّانِ، والبَصْرِيّانِ، وابْنُ كَثِيرٍ وأبُو بَكْرٍ (أثَرِ) بِقَصْرِ الهَمْزَةِ وحَذْفِ الألِفِ بَعْدَ الثاءِ عَلى التَوْحِيدِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِمَدِّ الهَمْزَةِ وألِفٍ بَعْدَ الثاءِ عَلى الجَمْعِ، وهم في الفَتْحِ والإمالَةِ عَلى أُصُولِهِمْ

وَتَقَدَّمَ ﴿وَلا يَسْمَعُ الصُمُّ﴾ [الأنبياء: ٤٥] لِابْنِ كَثِيرٍ في النَمْلِ

وَتَقَدَّمَ تَهْدِي العُمْيَ في النَمْلِ لِحَمْزَةَ

وَتَقَدَّمَ الوَقْفُ عَلَيْهِ في بابِ الوَقْفِ عَلى الرَسْمِ.

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وَلَئِنۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا رِيحٗا فَرَأَوۡهُ مُصۡفَرّٗا لَّظَلُّواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦ يَكۡفُرُونَ ٥١

But if We should send a [bad] wind and they saw [their crops] turned yellow, they would remain thereafter disbelievers.1

No commentary for this ayah

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فَإِنَّكَ لَا تُسۡمِعُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ وَلَا تُسۡمِعُ ٱلصُّمَّ ٱلدُّعَآءَ إِذَا وَلَّوۡاْ مُدۡبِرِينَ ٥٢

So indeed, you will not make the dead hear, nor will you make the deaf hear the call when they turn their backs, retreating.

No commentary for this ayah

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وَمَآ أَنتَ بِهَٰدِ ٱلۡعُمۡيِ عَن ضَلَٰلَتِهِمۡۖ إِن تُسۡمِعُ إِلَّا مَن يُؤۡمِنُ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا فَهُم مُّسۡلِمُونَ ٥٣

And you cannot guide the blind away from their error. You will only make hear those who believe in Our verses so they are Muslims [in submission to Allāh].

No commentary for this ayah

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۞ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن ضَعۡفٖ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ضَعۡفٖ قُوَّةٗ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ قُوَّةٖ ضَعۡفٗا وَشَيۡبَةٗۚ يَخۡلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٱلۡقَدِيرُ ٥٤

Allāh is the one who created you from weakness, then made after weakness strength, then made after strength weakness and white hair. He creates what He wills, and He is the Knowing, the Competent.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿مِن ضَعْفٍ﴾، و﴿مِن بَعْدِ ضَعْفٍ﴾، وضِعْفًا فَقَرَأ عاصِمٌ وحَمْزَةُ بِفَتْحِ الضادِ في الثَلاثَةِ، واخْتُلِفَ عَنْ حَفْصٍ فَرَوى عَنْهُ عُبَيْدٌ وعَمْرٌو أنَّهُ اخْتارَ فِيها الضَمَّ خِلافًا لِعاصِمٍ لِلْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي رَواهُ عَنِ الفُضَيْلِ بْنِ مَرْزُوقٍ عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ العَوْفِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ مَرْفُوعًا، ورُوِّينا عَنْهُ مِن طُرُقٍ أنَّهُ قالَ: ما خالَفْتُ عاصِمًا في شَيْءٍ مِنَ القُرْآنِ إلّا في هَذا الحَرْفِ، وقَدْ صَحَّ عَنْهُ الفَتْحُ والضَمُّ جَمِيعًا، فَرَوى عَنْهُ عُبَيْدٌ وأبُو الرَبِيعِ الزَهْرانِيُّ والفِيلُ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْهُ الفَتْحَ رِوايَةً ورَوى عَنْهُ ابْنُ هُبَيْرَةَ والقَوّاسُ وزَرْعانُ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْهُ الضَمَّ اخْتِيارًا. قالَ الحافِظُ أبُو عَمْرٍو: واخْتِيارِي في رِوايَةِ حَفْصٍ مِن طَرِيقِ عَمْرٍو وعُبَيْدٍ الأخْذُ بِالوَجْهَيْنِ الفَتْحِ والضَمِّ، فَأُتابِعُ بِذَلِكَ عاصِمًا عَلى قِراءَتِهِ وأُوافِقُ بِهِ حَفْصًا عَلى اخْتِيارِهِ.

(قُلْتُ): وبِالوَجْهَيْنِ قَرَأْتُ لَهُ، وبِهِما آخُذُ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِضَمِّ الضادِ فِيها، وأمّا الحَدِيثُ فَأخْبَرَنِي بِهِ الشَيْخُ المُسْنِدُ الرُحْلَةُ وأبُو عَمْرٍو ومُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قُدامَةَ الإمامُ بِقِراءَتِي عَلَيْهِ، قالَ: أخْبَرَنا أبُو الحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أحْمَدَ المَقْدِسِيُّ قِراءَةً عَلَيْهِ، أخْبَرَنا حَنْبَلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَهِ أخْبَرَنا (p-٣٤٦)أبُو القاسِمِ بْنُ الحُصَيْنِ أخْبَرَنا الحَسَنُ بْنُ المُذْهِبِ أخْبَرَنا، أبُو بَكْرٍ القَطِيعِيُّ، حَدَّثَنا عَبْدُ اللَهِ بْنُ أحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الشَيْبانِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي أبِي قالَ: حَدَّثَنا وكِيعٌ عَنْ فُضَيْلٍ ويَزِيدَ حَدَّثَنا فُضَيْلُ بْنُ أحْمَدَ بْنِ مَرْزُوقٍ «عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ العَوْفِيِّ قالَ: قَرَأْتُ عَلى ابْنِ عُمَرَ ﴿اللَهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكم مِن ضَعْفٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِن بَعْدِ ضَعْفٍ قُوَّةً ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِن بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ ضَعْفًا﴾، ثُمَّ قالَ: قَرَأْتُ عَلى رَسُولِ اللَهِ ﷺ كَما قَرَأْتَ عَلَيَّ فَأخَذَ عَلَيَّ كَما أخَذْتُ عَلَيْكَ ». حَدِيثٌ عالٍ جِدًّا، كَأنّا مِن حَيْثُ العَدَدُ سَمِعْناهُ مِن أصْحابِ الحافِظِ أبِي عَمْرٍو الدانِيِّ، وقَدْ رَواهُ أبُو داوُدَ مِن حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ اللَهِ بْنِ جابِرٍ عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ أبِي سَعِيدٍ بِنَحْوِهِ، ورَواهُ التِرْمِذِيُّ وأبُو داوُدَ مِن حَدِيثِ فُضَيْلِ بْنِ مَرْزُوقٍ، وبِهِ هو أصَحُّ، وقالَ التِرْمِذِيُّ: حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ.

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وَيَوۡمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يُقۡسِمُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ مَا لَبِثُواْ غَيۡرَ سَاعَةٖۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كَانُواْ يُؤۡفَكُونَ ٥٥

And the Day the Hour appears the criminals will swear they had remained but an hour. Thus they were deluded.

No commentary for this ayah

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وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ وَٱلۡإِيمَٰنَ لَقَدۡ لَبِثۡتُمۡ فِي كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡبَعۡثِۖ فَهَٰذَا يَوۡمُ ٱلۡبَعۡثِ وَلَٰكِنَّكُمۡ كُنتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ ٥٦

But those who were given knowledge and faith will say, "You remained the extent of Allāh's decree until the Day of Resurrection, and this is the Day of Resurrection, but you did not used to know."1

No commentary for this ayah

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فَيَوۡمَئِذٖ لَّا يَنفَعُ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مَعۡذِرَتُهُمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يُسۡتَعۡتَبُونَ ٥٧

So that Day, their excuse will not benefit those who wronged, nor will they be asked to appease [Allāh].

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿لا يَنْفَعُ﴾ فَقَرَأ الكُوفِيُّونَ بِالياءِ عَلى التَذْكِيرِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِالتاءِ عَلى التَأْنِيثِ.

30:58Page 410

وَلَقَدۡ ضَرَبۡنَا لِلنَّاسِ فِي هَٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ مِن كُلِّ مَثَلٖۚ وَلَئِن جِئۡتَهُم بِـَٔايَةٖ لَّيَقُولَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ إِنۡ أَنتُمۡ إِلَّا مُبۡطِلُونَ ٥٨

And We have certainly presented to the people in this Qur’ān from every [kind of] example. But, [O Muḥammad], if you should bring them a sign, the disbelievers will surely say, "You [believers] are but falsifiers."

No commentary for this ayah

30:59Page 410

كَذَٰلِكَ يَطۡبَعُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٥٩

Thus does Allāh seal the hearts of those who do not know.1

No commentary for this ayah

30:60Page 410

فَٱصۡبِرۡ إِنَّ وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقّٞۖ وَلَا يَسۡتَخِفَّنَّكَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُوقِنُونَ ٦٠

So be patient. Indeed, the promise of Allāh is truth. And let them not disquiet you who are not certain [in faith].

وَتَقَدَّمَ ﴿وَلا يَسْتَخِفَّنَّكَ الَّذِينَ﴾ لِرُوَيْسٍ في آلِ عِمْرانَ.

Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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