Tanwir al-Miqbas · Tafsir · in English
الحجر
Al-Hijr
The Rocky Tract · Meccan · 99 ayahs
15:1Page 262
الٓرۚ تِلۡكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ وَقُرۡءَانٖ مُّبِينٖ ١
Alif, Lām, Rā.1 These are the verses of the Book and a clear Qur’ān [i.e., recitation].
And from his chain of transmitters on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas that he said in explanation of Allah's saying (Alif. Lam. Ra.): '(Alif. Lam. Ra.) He says: I am Allah, and I see; it is also said that this is an oath, Allah swore by the Alif and by the Lam and by the Ra. (These are verses of the Scripture) this surah consists of verses from the Scripture (and a plain Reading) He says: I swear by the Qur'an which makes plain the lawful and the prohibited, the commands and prohibitions.
15:2Page 262
رُّبَمَا يَوَدُّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوۡ كَانُواْ مُسۡلِمِينَ ٢
Perhaps those who disbelieve will wish1 that they had been Muslims.
(It may be that those who disbelieve) in Muhammad (pbuh) and in the Qur'an (wish ardently that they were Muslims) in this worldly life. He says: there may come a day when the disbeliever would wish that he was a Muslim. This is because when Allah takes out of hell whoever was a sincere believer and enters them into Paradise, the disbeliever wishes at that moment he had been a Muslim in this worldly life.
15:3Page 262
ذَرۡهُمۡ يَأۡكُلُواْ وَيَتَمَتَّعُواْ وَيُلۡهِهِمُ ٱلۡأَمَلُۖ فَسَوۡفَ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٣
Let them eat and enjoy themselves and be diverted by [false] hope, for they are going to know.
(Let them) O Muhammad (eat) without having any proof or resolve for that which lies ahead (and enjoy life) and live a life of disbelief and illicitness, (and let (false) hope beguile them) and let long hope preoccupy them from obeying Allah. (They will come to know!) they will come to know upon death and in the grave and on the Day of Judgement what will be done to them. This is a threat to them.
15:4Page 262
وَمَآ أَهۡلَكۡنَا مِن قَرۡيَةٍ إِلَّا وَلَهَا كِتَابٞ مَّعۡلُومٞ ٤
And We did not destroy any city but that for it was a known decree.
(And We destroyed no township) We destroyed no people of a township (but there was a known decree for it) except that there is an appointed term for their destruction.
15:5Page 262
مَّا تَسۡبِقُ مِنۡ أُمَّةٍ أَجَلَهَا وَمَا يَسۡتَـٔۡخِرُونَ ٥
No nation will precede its term, nor will they remain thereafter.
(No nation can outstrip its term) He says: no nation perishes or is destroyed before the appointed time for its perishing or destruction (nor can they lag behind) no nation is given respite when its appointed time comes.
15:6Page 262
وَقَالُواْ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِي نُزِّلَ عَلَيۡهِ ٱلذِّكۡرُ إِنَّكَ لَمَجۡنُونٞ ٦
And they say, "O you upon whom the message has been sent down, indeed you are mad.1
(And they) this refers to 'Abdullah Ibn Umayyah al-Makhzumi and his host who (say) to Muhammad (pbuh): (O thou unto whom the Reminder is revealed) O you who claim that Gabriel brought you the Qur'an, (lo! thou art indeed a madman!) who is inventing lies.
15:7Page 262
لَّوۡمَا تَأۡتِينَا بِٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ ٧
Why do you not bring us the angels, if you should be among the truthful?"
(Why bringest thou not angels unto Us) from heaven so that they bear witness that you are Allah's Messenger, (if thou art of the truthful?) in what you say.
15:8Page 262
مَا نُنَزِّلُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ إِلَّا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَمَا كَانُوٓاْ إِذٗا مُّنظَرِينَ ٨
We do not send down the angels except with truth;1 and they [i.e., the disbelievers] would not then be reprieved.
Allah said: (We send not down the angels) from heaven (save with the Fact) with destruction or for taking their souls away, (and that case (the disbelievers) would not be tolerated) they would not be given any respite when the angels come down to them.
15:9Page 262
إِنَّا نَحۡنُ نَزَّلۡنَا ٱلذِّكۡرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُۥ لَحَٰفِظُونَ ٩
Indeed, it is We who sent down the message [i.e., the Qur’ān], and indeed, We will be its guardian.
(Lo! We, even We, reveal the Reminder) We sent Gabriel with the Qur'an, (and lo! We verily are its) the Qur'an's (Guardian) from satans such that they do not add or diminish from it anything nor change its judgements; it is also said that this means: We are Guardian of Muhammad (pbuh) from the disbelievers and satans.
15:10Page 262
وَلَقَدۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ فِي شِيَعِ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ ١٠
And We had certainly sent [messengers] before you, [O Muḥammad], among the sects of the former peoples.
(We verily sent (messengers) before thee) O Muhammad, (among the factions of the men of old) among the groups of old.
15:11Page 262
وَمَا يَأۡتِيهِم مِّن رَّسُولٍ إِلَّا كَانُواْ بِهِۦ يَسۡتَهۡزِءُونَ ١١
And no messenger would come to them except that they ridiculed him.
(And never came there unto them a messenger) who was sent to them (but they did mock him) but they did deride the messenger.
15:12Page 262
كَذَٰلِكَ نَسۡلُكُهُۥ فِي قُلُوبِ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ ١٢
Thus do We insert it [i.e., denial] into the hearts of the criminals.
(Thus do We make it) We leave denial (traverse the hearts of the guilty) the hearts of the idolaters:
15:13Page 262
لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِهِۦ وَقَدۡ خَلَتۡ سُنَّةُ ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ ١٣
They will not believe in it, while there has already occurred the precedent of the former peoples.
(They believe not therein) such that they do not believe in Muhammad (pbuh) or in the Qur'an, or that chastisement will descend upon them, (though the example of the men of old have gone before) when they denied the messengers, just as your people have denied you, and Allah's norm concerning them was to punish and destroy them because of their denial.
15:14Page 262
وَلَوۡ فَتَحۡنَا عَلَيۡهِم بَابٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ فَظَلُّواْ فِيهِ يَعۡرُجُونَ ١٤
And [even] if We opened to them a gate from the heaven and they continued therein to ascend,
(And even if We opened unto them) unto the people of Mecca (a Gate of Heaven) from which to enter (and they kept mounting through it) and they kept ascending and descending through it, i.e. like the angels.
15:15Page 262
لَقَالُوٓاْ إِنَّمَا سُكِّرَتۡ أَبۡصَٰرُنَا بَلۡ نَحۡنُ قَوۡمٞ مَّسۡحُورُونَ ١٥
They would say, "Our eyes have only been dazzled. Rather, we are a people affected by magic."
(They) the disbeliever of Mecca (would say: Our sight is wrong) our sight is gone (nay, but we are folk bewitched) our minds have been seized; we have been bewitched.
15:16Page 263
وَلَقَدۡ جَعَلۡنَا فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ بُرُوجٗا وَزَيَّنَّٰهَا لِلنَّٰظِرِينَ ١٦
And We have placed within the heaven great stars and have beautified it for the observers.
(And verily in the heaven We have set mansions of the stars) by means of which people are guided in the darkness of the sea or land; it is also said that this means: castles, (and We have beautified it) the sky by means of the stars (for beholders) who look at it.
15:17Page 263
وَحَفِظۡنَٰهَا مِن كُلِّ شَيۡطَٰنٖ رَّجِيمٍ ١٧
And We have protected it from every devil expelled [from the mercy of Allāh]
(And We have guarded it from every outcast devil) from every accursed devil who is chased away by the stars to prevent them, i.e. the satans, from listening to the angels,
15:18Page 263
إِلَّا مَنِ ٱسۡتَرَقَ ٱلسَّمۡعَ فَأَتۡبَعَهُۥ شِهَابٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٨
Except one who steals a hearing and is pursued by a clear burning flame.
(Save him who stealeth the hearing, and them doth a clear flame pursue) they are pursued by a bright, burning star.
15:19Page 263
وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ مَدَدۡنَٰهَا وَأَلۡقَيۡنَا فِيهَا رَوَٰسِيَ وَأَنۢبَتۡنَا فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ مَّوۡزُونٖ ١٩
And the earth - We have spread it and cast therein firmly set mountains and caused to grow therein [something] of every well-balanced thing.
(And the earth have We spread out) on water, (and placed therein) on the earth (firm hills) firm mountains as poles, (and caused each seemly thing) of vegetation and fruits in measured and known quantities. It is said this means: from every thing measured such as gold, silver, ore, copper, etc., (to grow therein) on the mountains; and it is said: on the earth.
15:20Page 263
وَجَعَلۡنَا لَكُمۡ فِيهَا مَعَٰيِشَ وَمَن لَّسۡتُمۡ لَهُۥ بِرَٰزِقِينَ ٢٠
And We have made for you therein means of living and [for] those for whom you are not providers.1
(And We have given unto you) We have created for you (livelihoods therein) on the earth: vegetations and fruits and that which you eat, drink and wear, (and unto those for whom ye provide not) and He also provides livelihood for those to whom you do not provide such as birds and wild beasts; it is also said that this refers to children in the wombs of their mothers.
15:21Page 263
وَإِن مِّن شَيۡءٍ إِلَّا عِندَنَا خَزَآئِنُهُۥ وَمَا نُنَزِّلُهُۥٓ إِلَّا بِقَدَرٖ مَّعۡلُومٖ ٢١
And there is not a thing but that with Us are its depositories, and We do not send it down except according to a known [i.e., specified] measure.
(And there is not a thing) of vegetation, fruits or rains (but with Us are the stores thereof) except that We have its keys; its keys are in Our Hand not in yours. (And We send it) i.e. rain (not down save in appointed measure) with a specific quantity and weight known to the One Who stores it.
15:22Page 263
وَأَرۡسَلۡنَا ٱلرِّيَٰحَ لَوَٰقِحَ فَأَنزَلۡنَا مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَأَسۡقَيۡنَٰكُمُوهُ وَمَآ أَنتُمۡ لَهُۥ بِخَٰزِنِينَ ٢٢
And We have sent the fertilizing winds1 and sent down water from the sky and given you drink from it. And you are not its retainers.
(And We send the winds fertilising) trees and clouds, (and cause water) rain (to descend from the sky, and give it you to drink) on the earth. (It is not ye who are the holders of the store) of its keys (thereof) i.e. of the rain.
15:23Page 263
وَإِنَّا لَنَحۡنُ نُحۡيِۦ وَنُمِيتُ وَنَحۡنُ ٱلۡوَٰرِثُونَ ٢٣
And indeed, it is We who give life and cause death, and We are the Inheritor.1
(Lo! and it is We, even We, Who quicken) We resurrect (and give death) in this worldly life, (and We are the Inheritor) We are the Owners of what is in the heavens and in the earth after the death of its inhabitant and also before their death.
15:24Page 263
وَلَقَدۡ عَلِمۡنَا ٱلۡمُسۡتَقۡدِمِينَ مِنكُمۡ وَلَقَدۡ عَلِمۡنَا ٱلۡمُسۡتَـٔۡخِرِينَ ٢٤
And We have already known the preceding [generations] among you, and We have already known the later [ones to come].
(And verily We know the eager among you) i.e. those who have died of your fathers and mothers; it is also said that this means: those who come forward to the first line (and verily We know the laggards) those who are still alive among their sons and daughter; it is also said that this means: those who withdraw to the last line.
15:25Page 263
وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ يَحۡشُرُهُمۡۚ إِنَّهُۥ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٞ ٢٥
And indeed, your Lord will gather them; indeed, He is Wise and Knowing.
(Lo! your Lord will gather them together) the former and the latter. (Lo! He is Wise) He decreed that they will be mustered, (Aware) of their mustering, reward and punishment.
15:26Page 263
وَلَقَدۡ خَلَقۡنَا ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ مِن صَلۡصَٰلٖ مِّنۡ حَمَإٖ مَّسۡنُونٖ ٢٦
And We did certainly create man out of clay from an altered black mud.
(Verily We created man) Adam (of potter's clay) of dry clay (of black mud altered) clay that stinks; it is also said that this means: shaped clay.
15:27Page 263
وَٱلۡجَآنَّ خَلَقۡنَٰهُ مِن قَبۡلُ مِن نَّارِ ٱلسَّمُومِ ٢٧
And the jinn We created before from scorching fire.
(And the jinn) the first father of the jinn (did We create aforetime) before the creation of Adam (pbuh) (of essential fire) of smokeless fire.
15:28Page 263
وَإِذۡ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ إِنِّي خَٰلِقُۢ بَشَرٗا مِّن صَلۡصَٰلٖ مِّنۡ حَمَإٖ مَّسۡنُونٖ ٢٨
And [mention, O Muḥammad], when your Lord said to the angels, "I will create a human being out of clay from an altered black mud.
(And (remember) when thy Lord said unto the angels) who were on the earth, there were 10,000 of them: (Lo! I am creating a mortal out of potter's clay of black mud altered) of stinking mud.
15:29Page 263
فَإِذَا سَوَّيۡتُهُۥ وَنَفَخۡتُ فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِي فَقَعُواْ لَهُۥ سَٰجِدِينَ ٢٩
And when I have proportioned him and breathed into him of My [created] soul,1 then fall down to him in prostration."
(So, when I have made him) so when I created his hands, legs, eyes and the rest of him (and have breathed into him of My Spirit) and placed the spirit into him, (do ye fall down, prostrating yourselves unto him) as a greeting.
15:30Page 263
فَسَجَدَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ كُلُّهُمۡ أَجۡمَعُونَ ٣٠
So the angels prostrated - all of them entirely,
(So the angels fell prostrate) to Adam (pbuh) (all of them together)
15:31Page 263
إِلَّآ إِبۡلِيسَ أَبَىٰٓ أَن يَكُونَ مَعَ ٱلسَّٰجِدِينَ ٣١
Except Iblees;1 he refused to be with those who prostrated.
(Save Iblis), their chief. (He refused) he felt too proud (to be among the prostrate) to Adam (pbuh).
15:32Page 264
قَالَ يَٰٓإِبۡلِيسُ مَا لَكَ أَلَّا تَكُونَ مَعَ ٱلسَّٰجِدِينَ ٣٢
[Allāh] said, "O Iblees, what is [the matter] with you that you are not with those who prostrate?"
(He) Allah, Exalted is He, (said: O Iblis!) O you who have despaired of My mercy, (What aileth you that thou art not among the prostrate?) why do you not prostrate to Adam?
15:33Page 264
قَالَ لَمۡ أَكُن لِّأَسۡجُدَ لِبَشَرٍ خَلَقۡتَهُۥ مِن صَلۡصَٰلٖ مِّنۡ حَمَإٖ مَّسۡنُونٖ ٣٣
He said, "Never would I prostrate to a human whom You created out of clay from an altered black mud."
(He said: Why should I prostrate myself unto a mortal whom Thou hast created out of potter's clay of black mud altered?) he said: it is not becoming of me to prostrate to clay.
15:34Page 264
قَالَ فَٱخۡرُجۡ مِنۡهَا فَإِنَّكَ رَجِيمٞ ٣٤
[Allāh] said, "Then depart from it,1 for indeed, you are expelled.
(He said) Allah said to him: (Then go thou forth from hence) from the form of angels; it is also said that this means: go forth from My favour and mercy; and it is also said that this means: go forth from the earth, (for verily you are outcast) accursed and banished from My mercy.
15:35Page 264
وَإِنَّ عَلَيۡكَ ٱللَّعۡنَةَ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلدِّينِ ٣٥
And indeed, upon you is the curse until the Day of Recompense."
(And lo! the curse) My curse and the curse of the angels and all created beings (shall be upon you till the Day of Judgement) until the Day of Reckoning.
15:36Page 264
قَالَ رَبِّ فَأَنظِرۡنِيٓ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ يُبۡعَثُونَ ٣٦
He said, "My Lord, then reprieve me until the Day they are resurrected."
(He said) Iblis said: (My Lord!) O my Lord! (Reprieve me till the day when they are raised) from the grave; the accursed did not wish to taste death.
15:37Page 264
قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُنظَرِينَ ٣٧
[Allāh] said, "So indeed, you are of those reprieved
(He said) Allah said: (Then lo! thou art of those reprieved) you will be given respite
(Till an appointed time) the first blast of the Trumpet
15:39Page 264
قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَآ أَغۡوَيۡتَنِي لَأُزَيِّنَنَّ لَهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَأُغۡوِيَنَّهُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٣٩
[Iblees] said, "My Lord, because You have put me in error, I will surely make [disobedience] attractive to them [i.e., mankind] on earth, and I will mislead them all
(He said: My Lord) O my Lord, (Because Thou hast sent me astray) as you made me err from guidance, (I verily shall adorn the path of error) lusts and desires (for them) for the children of Adam (in the earth, and shall mislead them) make them to err (every one) from guidance.
(Save such of them as are Thy perfectly devoted slaves) those who are protected from me; it is also said that this means: those who profess monotheism.
15:41Page 264
قَالَ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطٌ عَلَيَّ مُسۡتَقِيمٌ ٤١
[Allāh] said, "This is a path [of return] to Me [that is] straight.
(He said) then Allah, Exalted is He, said: (This is a right course) a noble and honoured course; it is also said that this means: it is incumbent upon Me to make those who obeyed you and those who entered with you cross; it is also said that this means: an established straight path which He is pleased with; it is also said that this means: this is a lofty course (incumbent upon Me):
15:42Page 264
إِنَّ عِبَادِي لَيۡسَ لَكَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ سُلۡطَٰنٌ إِلَّا مَنِ ٱتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡغَاوِينَ ٤٢
Indeed, My servants - no authority will you have over them, except those who follow you of the deviators.
(Lo! as for My slaves) My believing slaves, (thou hast no power) or strength (over any of them save such of the froward) such of the disbelievers (as follow thee) as obey you,
15:43Page 264
وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمَوۡعِدُهُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٤٣
And indeed, Hell is the promised place for them all.
(And lo! for all such, hell will be the promised place) the destination of those who obey you.
15:44Page 264
لَهَا سَبۡعَةُ أَبۡوَٰبٖ لِّكُلِّ بَابٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ جُزۡءٞ مَّقۡسُومٌ ٤٤
It has seven gates; for every gate is of them [i.e., Satan's followers] a portion designated."
(It hath seven gates) some higher than others: its highest is Gehenna and lowest al-Hawiyah, (and each gate hath an appointed portion) each gate has a specific number of disbelievers who will enter it.
15:45Page 264
إِنَّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّٰتٖ وَعُيُونٍ ٤٥
Indeed, the righteous will be within gardens and springs,
(Lo! those who ward off (evil)) disbelief, idolatry, and indecencies, i.e. Abu Bakr, 'Umar and their fellow believers (are among Gardens and water springs) springs of pure water.
15:46Page 264
ٱدۡخُلُوهَا بِسَلَٰمٍ ءَامِنِينَ ٤٦
[Having been told], "Enter it in peace, safe [and secure]."
((And it is said unto them): Enter them) Allah, Exalted is He, will say to them on the Day of Judgement: enter Paradise (in peace) with peace and greetings; it is also said that this means: with safety and redemption from Us, (secure) from death and evanescence.
15:47Page 264
وَنَزَعۡنَا مَا فِي صُدُورِهِم مِّنۡ غِلٍّ إِخۡوَٰنًا عَلَىٰ سُرُرٖ مُّتَقَٰبِلِينَ ٤٧
And We will remove whatever is in their breasts of resentment,1 [so they will be] brothers, on thrones facing each other.
(And We remove whatever rancour) treachery and enmity that was between them in this worldly life (may be in their breasts. As brethren) in the Hereafter, (face to face, (they rest) on couches raised) upon visiting one another.
15:48Page 264
لَا يَمَسُّهُمۡ فِيهَا نَصَبٞ وَمَا هُم مِّنۡهَا بِمُخۡرَجِينَ ٤٨
No fatigue will touch them therein, nor from it will they [ever] be removed.
(Toil) tiredness or hardship (cometh not unto them there) in Paradise, (nor will they be expelled from thence) expelled from Paradise.
15:49Page 264
۞ نَبِّئۡ عِبَادِيٓ أَنِّيٓ أَنَا ٱلۡغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٤٩
[O Muḥammad], inform My servants that it is I who am the Forgiving, the Merciful,
(Announce, (O Muhammad) unto My slaves) tell my servants (that verily I am the Forgiving) of sins, (the Merciful) towards him who dies in a state of repentance.
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وَأَنَّ عَذَابِي هُوَ ٱلۡعَذَابُ ٱلۡأَلِيمُ ٥٠
And that it is My punishment which is the painful punishment.
(And that My doom is the dolorous doom) the painful doom for the one who does not repent and dies in a state of disbelief.
(And tell them of Abraham's guests) the Archangel Gabriel and the twelve angels who accompanied him.
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إِذۡ دَخَلُواْ عَلَيۡهِ فَقَالُواْ سَلَٰمٗا قَالَ إِنَّا مِنكُمۡ وَجِلُونَ ٥٢
When they entered upon him and said, "Peace." [Abraham] said, "Indeed, we are fearful [i.e., apprehensive] of you."
((How) when they came in unto him) unto Abraham, (and said: Peace) they greeted him. (He said) Abraham said to them when they did not touch his food: (Lo! we are afraid of you) we are scared of you.
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قَالُواْ لَا تَوۡجَلۡ إِنَّا نُبَشِّرُكَ بِغُلَٰمٍ عَلِيمٖ ٥٣
[The angels] said, "Fear not. Indeed, we give you good tidings of a learned boy."
(They said: Be not afraid!) do not be scared of us, O Abraham! (Lo! we bring you good tidings of a boy possessing wisdom) in his tender years, clement in his old age.
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قَالَ أَبَشَّرۡتُمُونِي عَلَىٰٓ أَن مَّسَّنِيَ ٱلۡكِبَرُ فَبِمَ تُبَشِّرُونَ ٥٤
He said, "Have you given me good tidings although old age has come upon me? Then of what [wonder] do you inform?"
(He said: Bring ye me good tidings (of a son) when old age hath overtaken me? Of what then can you bring good tidings?) now.
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قَالُواْ بَشَّرۡنَٰكَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ فَلَا تَكُن مِّنَ ٱلۡقَٰنِطِينَ ٥٥
They said, "We have given you good tidings in truth, so do not be of the despairing."
(They said: We bring thee good tidings in truth) that you will have a son. (So be not thou of the despairing) in relation to having a son.
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قَالَ وَمَن يَقۡنَطُ مِن رَّحۡمَةِ رَبِّهِۦٓ إِلَّا ٱلضَّآلُّونَ ٥٦
He said, "And who despairs of the mercy of his Lord except for those astray?"
(He said) Abraham said: (And who despaireth not the mercy of his Lord save those who are astray) those who disbelieve in Allah or are ungrateful for His blessings?
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قَالَ فَمَا خَطۡبُكُمۡ أَيُّهَا ٱلۡمُرۡسَلُونَ ٥٧
[Abraham] said, "Then what is your business [here], O messengers?"
(He said) Abraham said to Gabriel and his aids: (And afterward what is your business) what is the matter, why did you come, O you messengers (of Allah)?)
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قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّآ أُرۡسِلۡنَآ إِلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ مُّجۡرِمِينَ ٥٨
They said, "Indeed, we have been sent to a people of criminals,
(They said: We have been sent unto a guilty folk) to idolaters who brought destruction upon themselves because of their evil acts, meaning here the people of Lot.
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إِلَّآ ءَالَ لُوطٍ إِنَّا لَمُنَجُّوهُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٥٩
Except the family of Lot; indeed, we will save them all
((All) save the family of Lot) his daughters Za'ura and Raytha and his righteous wife [who was one of his wives]. (Them we shall deliver everyone) from destruction,
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إِلَّا ٱمۡرَأَتَهُۥ قَدَّرۡنَآ إِنَّهَا لَمِنَ ٱلۡغَٰبِرِينَ ٦٠
Except his wife." We [i.e., Allāh] decreed that she is of those who remain behind.1
(Except his wife) his other wife, Wa'ilah the hypocrite, (of whom We had decreed that she should be of those who stay behind) and be destroyed.
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فَلَمَّا جَآءَ ءَالَ لُوطٍ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلُونَ ٦١
And when the messengers came to the family of Lot,
(And when the messengers) Gabriel and his helpers (came unto the family of Lot) to Lot,
(He said: Lo! ye are folk unknown (to me)) you are unknown in our country, nor are we familiar with the wording of your greeting.
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قَالُواْ بَلۡ جِئۡنَٰكَ بِمَا كَانُواْ فِيهِ يَمۡتَرُونَ ٦٣
They said, "But we have come to you with that about which they were disputing,
(They said: Nay, but we bring thee that concerning which they keep disputing) the torment in which they are in doubt,
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وَأَتَيۡنَٰكَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَإِنَّا لَصَٰدِقُونَ ٦٤
And we have come to you with truth, and indeed, we are truthful.
(And bring thee the Truth) the news of the torment, (and lo! we are truth tellers) that a chastisement is coming down on them.
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فَأَسۡرِ بِأَهۡلِكَ بِقِطۡعٖ مِّنَ ٱلَّيۡلِ وَٱتَّبِعۡ أَدۡبَٰرَهُمۡ وَلَا يَلۡتَفِتۡ مِنكُمۡ أَحَدٞ وَٱمۡضُواْ حَيۡثُ تُؤۡمَرُونَ ٦٥
So set out with your family during a portion of the night and follow behind them and let not anyone among you look back and continue on to where you are commanded."
(So travel with thy household in a portion of the night) at the end of the night, at dawn, (and follow you their backs) walk behind them in the direction of Sa'ar. (Let none of you turn round) let none of you lag behind, (but go whither ye are commanded) towards Sa'ar.
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وَقَضَيۡنَآ إِلَيۡهِ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡأَمۡرَ أَنَّ دَابِرَ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ مَقۡطُوعٞ مُّصۡبِحِينَ ٦٦
And We conveyed to him [the decree] of that matter: that those [sinners] would be eliminated by early morning.
(And We made plain the case to him) We commanded him to go to Sa'ar, (that the root of them (who did wrong)) the people of Lot (was to be cut at early morn) in the morning.
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وَجَآءَ أَهۡلُ ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ يَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ ٦٧
And the people of the city came rejoicing.1
(And the people of the city came) to the house of Lot, (rejoicing at the news (of new arrivals)) and at the prospect of engaging in their evil acts.
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قَالَ إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ ضَيۡفِي فَلَا تَفۡضَحُونِ ٦٨
[Lot] said, "Indeed, these are my guests, so do not shame me.
(He said) Lot said to them: (Lo! they are my guests. Affront me not!) do not shame me in front of them.
(And keep your duty to Allah) fear Allah concerning that which is forbidden, (and shame me not!) do not humiliate me in front of my guests.
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قَالُوٓاْ أَوَلَمۡ نَنۡهَكَ عَنِ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٧٠
They said, "Have we not forbidden you from [protecting] people?"
(They said: Have we not forbidden you) O Lot (from (entertaining) anyone?) from welcoming any strangers as guests.
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قَالَ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ بَنَاتِيٓ إِن كُنتُمۡ فَٰعِلِينَ ٧١
[Lot] said, "These are my daughters1 - if you would be doers [of lawful marriage]."
(He said: Here are my daughters) it is also said that this means: here are the daughters of my people, I will marry you to them, (if ye must be doing (so)) if you want to get married.
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لَعَمۡرُكَ إِنَّهُمۡ لَفِي سَكۡرَتِهِمۡ يَعۡمَهُونَ ٧٢
By your life, [O Muḥammad], indeed they were, in their intoxication, wandering blindly.
(By thy life (O Muhammad)) Allah swore by the life of Muhammad (pbuh) and it is also said that He swore by His religion (they) i.e. the people of Lot (moved blindly) they did not see (in the frenzy of approaching death) because of their ignorance that they were heading towards their death.
(Then the (Awful) Cry) of chastisement (overtook them at the sunrise) when the sun was rising.
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فَجَعَلۡنَا عَٰلِيَهَا سَافِلَهَا وَأَمۡطَرۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ حِجَارَةٗ مِّن سِجِّيلٍ ٧٤
And We made the highest part [of the city] its lowest and rained upon them stones of hard clay.
(And We utterly confounded them) We turned their location upside down, (and We rained upon them) upon their sodomites and sinners (stones of heated clay) coming down from the first heaven; it is also said that these stones were of manure and mud which were heated up like bricks.
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إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّلۡمُتَوَسِّمِينَ ٧٥
Indeed in that are signs for those who discern.
(Lo! Therein) in that which We did to them (verily are portents) signs and lessons (for those who read the signs) it is also said that this means: for those who meditate; and also: for those who can see; and: for those who take admonition.
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وَإِنَّهَا لَبِسَبِيلٖ مُّقِيمٍ ٧٦
And indeed, they [i.e., those cities] are [situated] on an established road.
(And lo! It) i.e. the township of Lot (is upon a road still uneffaced) a road that they pass by all the time.
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إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَةٗ لِّلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٧٧
Indeed in that is a sign for the believers.
(Lo! Therein) in their destruction (is indeed a portent) a lesson (for believers).
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وَإِن كَانَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡأَيۡكَةِ لَظَٰلِمِينَ ٧٨
And the companions of the thicket [i.e., the people of Madyan] were [also] wrongdoers,
(And the dwellers in the wood) i.e. the people of Shu'ayb (indeed were evil-doers) idolaters.
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فَٱنتَقَمۡنَا مِنۡهُمۡ وَإِنَّهُمَا لَبِإِمَامٖ مُّبِينٖ ٧٩
So We took retribution from them, and indeed, both [cities] are on a clear highway.
(So We took vengeance on them) in this worldly life by means of chastisement; (and lo! they both) the townships of Lot and Shu'ayb (are on a high road plain to see) and which they do pass by.
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وَلَقَدۡ كَذَّبَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡحِجۡرِ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلِينَ ٨٠
And certainly did the companions of al-Ḥijr1 [i.e., the Thamūd] deny the messengers.
(And the dwellers in Al-Hijr) the people of Salih (indeed denied (Our) messengers) Salih and all the other messengers.
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وَءَاتَيۡنَٰهُمۡ ءَايَٰتِنَا فَكَانُواْ عَنۡهَا مُعۡرِضِينَ ٨١
And We gave them Our signs, but from them they were turning away.
(And We gave them Our revelations) the camel as well as other things, (but they were averse to them) they denied them.
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وَكَانُواْ يَنۡحِتُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡجِبَالِ بُيُوتًا ءَامِنِينَ ٨٢
And they used to carve from the mountains, houses, feeling secure.
(And they used to hew out dwellings from the hills) from the mountains, (wherein they dwelt) secure) in the sense that they were safe from their collapse; it is also said that this means: safe from the torment.
(But the (Awful) Cry overtook them) as a chastisement (at the morning hour) in the morning,
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فَمَآ أَغۡنَىٰ عَنۡهُم مَّا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ٨٤
So nothing availed them [from] what they used to earn.
(And that which they were wont to count as gain) their words, deeds and that which they worshipped (availed them not) against Allah's torment.
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وَمَا خَلَقۡنَا ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَآ إِلَّا بِٱلۡحَقِّۗ وَإِنَّ ٱلسَّاعَةَ لَأٓتِيَةٞۖ فَٱصۡفَحِ ٱلصَّفۡحَ ٱلۡجَمِيلَ ٨٥
And We have not created the heavens and earth and that between them except in truth. And indeed, the Hour is coming; so forgive with gracious forgiveness.
(We created not the heavens and the earth and all that is between them) of created beings and marvels (save with truth) in order to expound the Truth, falsehood and the proofs against them, (and lo! the Hour is surely coming. So forgive, O Muhammad, with a gracious forgiveness) turn away from them gently without using foul language nor feel alarmed at their denial. This was, however, abrogated by the verse of fighting.
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إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ ٱلۡخَلَّٰقُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٨٦
Indeed, your Lord - He is the Knowing Creator.
(Lo! thy Lord! He is the All-Wise Creator) Who will resurrect those who believe in Him and those who do not believe in Him, and He also knows their reward and punishment.
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وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَٰكَ سَبۡعٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡمَثَانِي وَٱلۡقُرۡءَانَ ٱلۡعَظِيمَ ٨٧
And We have certainly given you, [O Muḥammad], seven of the often repeated [verses]1 and the great Qur’ān.
(We have given thee seven of the oft repeated (verses)) He says: We honoured you with seven verses of the Qur'an which are read in every unit of the prayer, i.e. the opening chapter of the Book (al-Fatihah); it is also said that this means: We honoured you with the following of the Qur'an, for the whole Qur'an consists of pairs or couples: commands and prohibitions, promises and threats, the lawful and the unlawful, the abrogating and the abrogated, a literal meaning and an allegorical meaning, ambiguous verses and unambiguous verses, news of the past and events of the future, the praise of some people and the rebuke of others, (and the great Qur'an) He says: and We honoured you with the great, glorious and magnificent Qur'an just as We revealed the Torah and Gospel to the Jews and Christians.
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لَا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيۡنَيۡكَ إِلَىٰ مَا مَتَّعۡنَا بِهِۦٓ أَزۡوَٰجٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ وَلَا تَحۡزَنۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَٱخۡفِضۡ جَنَاحَكَ لِلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٨٨
Do not extend your eyes toward that by which We have given enjoyment to [certain] categories of them [i.e., the disbelievers], and do not grieve over them. And lower your wing [i.e., show kindness] to the believers.
(Strain not thine eyes towards) covet not (that which We cause some wedded pairs among them) men from the Banu Qurayzah and the Banu'l-Nadir; it is also said that this refers to men from the Quraysh-because that with which We honoured you, prophethood, the Qur'an and Islam, is far greater than that which We have given them (to enjoy) in terms of wealth, (and be not grieved on their account) do not grieve for their destruction if they choose not to believe, (and lower thy wing (in tenderness) for the believers) be compassionate with them.
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وَقُلۡ إِنِّيٓ أَنَا ٱلنَّذِيرُ ٱلۡمُبِينُ ٨٩
And say, "Indeed, I am the clear warner" -
(And say: Lo! I, even I, am a plain warner) I am a messenger warning you against Allah's chastisement, in a language that you all understand,
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كَمَآ أَنزَلۡنَا عَلَى ٱلۡمُقۡتَسِمِينَ ٩٠
Just as We had revealed [scriptures] to the separators1
(Such as We send down) on the Day of Badr (for those who make division) the folk who were slain in the valley, i.e. Abu Jahl Ibn Hisham, al-Walid Ibn al-Mughirah al-Makhzumi, Hanzalah Ibn Abi Sufyan and 'Utbah and Shaybah the sons of Rabi'ah as well as all their companions who were killed at Badr,
(Those who break the Qur'an into parts) they said many different things about the Qur'an; some said it was magic, others said it was poetry, others said it was a form of divination; some said it was fables of the people of old while others said that it was mere lies invented by the Prophet.
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فَوَرَبِّكَ لَنَسۡـَٔلَنَّهُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٩٢
So by your Lord, We will surely question them all
(Them, by thy Lord) O Muhammad; Allah here swore by Himself, (We shall question) on the Day of Judgement, (every one),
(Of what they used to do) and say in this worldly life; it is also said that this means: they will be questioned about their abstention from the profession of �there is no god but Allah�.
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فَٱصۡدَعۡ بِمَا تُؤۡمَرُ وَأَعۡرِضۡ عَنِ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ٩٤
Then declare what you are commanded1 and turn away from the polytheists.2
(So proclaim that which thou art commanded) He says: reveal your matter in Mecca, (and withdraw from the idolaters).
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences