Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'anAn‑Najm · 53:1–62

Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an · Tafsir · in Arabic

النجم

An-Najm

The Star · Meccan · 62 ayahs

53:1Page 526

وَٱلنَّجۡمِ إِذَا هَوَىٰ ١

By the star when it descends,

﴿هَوَىٰ﴾: غابَ.

53:2Page 526

مَا ضَلَّ صَاحِبُكُمۡ وَمَا غَوَىٰ ٢

Your companion [i.e., Muḥammad] has not strayed, nor has he erred,

﴿غَوَىٰ﴾: خَرَجَ عنِ الرَّشادِ.

53:3Page 526

وَمَا يَنطِقُ عَنِ ٱلۡهَوَىٰٓ ٣

Nor does he speak from [his own] inclination.

﴿ٱلۡهَوَىٰٓ﴾: ما تَمِيلُ إلَيهِ النَّفْسُ مِن غَيرِ دَلِيلٍ.

53:4Page 526

إِنۡ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحۡيٞ يُوحَىٰ ٤

It is not but a revelation revealed,

No commentary for this ayah

53:5Page 526

عَلَّمَهُۥ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡقُوَىٰ ٥

Taught to him by one intense in strength [i.e., Gabriel] -

﴿شَدِيدُ ٱلۡقُوَىٰ﴾: مَلَكٌ شَدِيدُ القُوَّةِ.

53:6Page 526

ذُو مِرَّةٖ فَٱسۡتَوَىٰ ٦

One of soundness.1 And he rose to [his] true form2

﴿مِرَّةࣲ﴾: مَنظَرٍ حَسَنٍ.

﴿فَٱسۡتَوَىٰ﴾: عَلى صُورَتِهِ الحقِيقِيَّةِ للرَّسولِ ﷺ.

53:7Page 526

وَهُوَ بِٱلۡأُفُقِ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰ ٧

While he was in the higher [part of the] horizon.1

﴿بِٱلۡأُفُقِ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰ﴾: أُفُقِ الشَّمسِ عِنْدَ مَطْلَعِها.

53:8Page 526

ثُمَّ دَنَا فَتَدَلَّىٰ ٨

Then he approached and descended

﴿فَتَدَلَّىٰ﴾: فَزادَ في القُرْبِ.

53:9Page 526

فَكَانَ قَابَ قَوۡسَيۡنِ أَوۡ أَدۡنَىٰ ٩

And was at a distance of two bow lengths or nearer.

﴿قَابَ قَوۡسَيۡنِ﴾: مِقْدارَ قَوسَينِ.

53:10Page 526

فَأَوۡحَىٰٓ إِلَىٰ عَبۡدِهِۦ مَآ أَوۡحَىٰ ١٠

And he revealed to His Servant1 what he revealed [i.e., conveyed].

No commentary for this ayah

53:11Page 526

مَا كَذَبَ ٱلۡفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَىٰٓ ١١

The heart1 did not lie [about] what it saw.

﴿ٱلۡفُؤَادُ﴾: قَلْبُه.

53:12Page 526

أَفَتُمَٰرُونَهُۥ عَلَىٰ مَا يَرَىٰ ١٢

So will you dispute with him over what he saw?

﴿أَفَتُمَـٰرُونَهُۥ﴾: أتُكَذِّبُونَ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ فَتُجادِلُونَه عَلى ما يَراهُ مِن آياتِ رَبِّهِ؟

53:13Page 526

وَلَقَدۡ رَءَاهُ نَزۡلَةً أُخۡرَىٰ ١٣

And he certainly saw him in another descent1

﴿رَءَاهُ﴾: رَأى مُحَمّدٌ ﷺ جِبْرِيلَ.

﴿نَزۡلَةً﴾: مَرَّةً.

53:14Page 526

عِندَ سِدۡرَةِ ٱلۡمُنتَهَىٰ ١٤

At the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary -

﴿سِدۡرَةِ ٱلۡمُنتَهَىٰ﴾: شَجَرةِ نَبْقٍ في السَّماءِ السّابِعةِ، يَنْتَهي إلَيها ما يُعْرَجُ بِهِ مِنَ الأَرْضِ، وما يُهْبَطُ بِه مِن فَوْقِها.

53:15Page 526

عِندَهَا جَنَّةُ ٱلۡمَأۡوَىٰٓ ١٥

Near it is the Garden of Refuge [i.e., Paradise] -

No commentary for this ayah

53:16Page 526

إِذۡ يَغۡشَى ٱلسِّدۡرَةَ مَا يَغۡشَىٰ ١٦

When there covered the Lote Tree that which covered [it].1

﴿يَغۡشَى ٱلسِّدۡرَةَ﴾: يُغَطِّيها ويَسْتُرُها.

53:17Page 526

مَا زَاغَ ٱلۡبَصَرُ وَمَا طَغَىٰ ١٧

The sight [of the Prophet (ﷺ)] did not swerve, nor did it transgress [its limit].

﴿زَاغَ﴾: مالَ.

﴿طَغَىٰ﴾: جاوَزَ ما أُمِرَ برُؤْيَتِهِ.

53:18Page 526

لَقَدۡ رَأَىٰ مِنۡ ءَايَٰتِ رَبِّهِ ٱلۡكُبۡرَىٰٓ ١٨

He certainly saw of the greatest signs of his Lord.

﴿ءَايَـٰتِ﴾: دَلائلِ عَظَمةِ اللهِ.

53:19–20Page 526

أَفَرَءَيۡتُمُ ٱللَّٰتَ وَٱلۡعُزَّىٰ ١٩

So have you considered al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā?

وَمَنَوٰةَ ٱلثَّالِثَةَ ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰٓ ٢٠

And Manāt, the third - the other one?1

﴿ٱللَّـٰتَ وَٱلۡعُزَّىٰ ۞ وَمَنَوٰةَ﴾: هي أصْنامٌ اتَّخَذَها العَربُ آلِهَةً.

﴿ٱلثَّالِثَةَ ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰٓ﴾: صِفَتا تأكيدٍ لمناةٍ.

53:21Page 526

أَلَكُمُ ٱلذَّكَرُ وَلَهُ ٱلۡأُنثَىٰ ٢١

Is the male for you and for Him the female?

No commentary for this ayah

53:22Page 526

تِلۡكَ إِذٗا قِسۡمَةٞ ضِيزَىٰٓ ٢٢

That, then, is an unjust division.1

﴿ضِيزَىٰٓ﴾: جائِرةٌ.

53:23Page 526

إِنۡ هِيَ إِلَّآ أَسۡمَآءٞ سَمَّيۡتُمُوهَآ أَنتُمۡ وَءَابَآؤُكُم مَّآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ بِهَا مِن سُلۡطَٰنٍۚ إِن يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا ٱلظَّنَّ وَمَا تَهۡوَى ٱلۡأَنفُسُۖ وَلَقَدۡ جَآءَهُم مِّن رَّبِّهِمُ ٱلۡهُدَىٰٓ ٢٣

They are not but [mere] names you have named them - you and your forefathers - for which Allāh has sent down no authority. They follow not except assumption and what [their] souls desire, and there has already come to them from their Lord guidance.

﴿سُلۡطَـٰنٍ﴾: حُجَّةٍ.

﴿تَهۡوَى﴾: تَشْتَهِيهِ وتَمِيلُ إلَيهِ.

53:24Page 526

أَمۡ لِلۡإِنسَٰنِ مَا تَمَنَّىٰ ٢٤

Or is there for man whatever he wishes?

﴿تَمَنَّىٰ﴾: اشْتَهى.

53:25Page 526

فَلِلَّهِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةُ وَٱلۡأُولَىٰ ٢٥

Rather, to Allāh belongs the Hereafter and the first [life].

No commentary for this ayah

53:26Page 526

۞ وَكَم مِّن مَّلَكٖ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ لَا تُغۡنِي شَفَٰعَتُهُمۡ شَيۡـًٔا إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعۡدِ أَن يَأۡذَنَ ٱللَّهُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَرۡضَىٰٓ ٢٦

And how many angels there are in the heavens whose intercession will not avail at all except [only] after Allāh has permitted [it] to whom He wills and approves.

﴿وَكَم مِّن مَّلَكࣲ﴾: وكَثِيرٍ مِنَ الملائِكَةِ.

53:27Page 527

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ لَيُسَمُّونَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ تَسۡمِيَةَ ٱلۡأُنثَىٰ ٢٧

Indeed, those who do not believe in the Hereafter name the angels female names,

﴿تَسۡمِيَةَ ٱلۡأُنثَىٰ﴾: صِفَةَ الأُنْثى، وهي أن يُقالَ لَها: بِنْتٌ.

53:28Page 527

وَمَا لَهُم بِهِۦ مِنۡ عِلۡمٍۖ إِن يَتَّبِعُونَ إِلَّا ٱلظَّنَّۖ وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّنَّ لَا يُغۡنِي مِنَ ٱلۡحَقِّ شَيۡـٔٗا ٢٨

And they have thereof no knowledge. They follow not except assumption, and indeed, assumption avails not against the truth at all.

﴿ٱلظَّنَّ﴾: التَّوهُّمَ الباطِلَ.

﴿لَا يُغۡنِي﴾: لا يُجدِي ولا يَقُومُ مَقامَ الحَقِّ.

53:29Page 527

فَأَعۡرِضۡ عَن مَّن تَوَلَّىٰ عَن ذِكۡرِنَا وَلَمۡ يُرِدۡ إِلَّا ٱلۡحَيَوٰةَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا ٢٩

So turn away from whoever turns his back on Our message and desires not except the worldly life.

No commentary for this ayah

53:30Page 527

ذَٰلِكَ مَبۡلَغُهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡعِلۡمِۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَن ضَلَّ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦ وَهُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَنِ ٱهۡتَدَىٰ ٣٠

That is their sum of knowledge. Indeed, your Lord is most knowing of who strays from His way, and He is most knowing of who is guided.

﴿مَبۡلَغُهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡعِلۡمِ﴾: مُنْتَهى عِلْمِهِم، لا عِلْمَ لَهُم فَوْقَهُ؛ والمرادُ ظَنُّهُم الفاسِدُ.

53:31Page 527

وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ لِيَجۡزِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَسَٰٓـُٔواْ بِمَا عَمِلُواْ وَيَجۡزِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَحۡسَنُواْ بِٱلۡحُسۡنَى ٣١

And to Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth - that He may recompense those who do evil with [the penalty of] what they have done and recompense those who do good with the best [reward] -

﴿بِٱلۡحُسۡنَى﴾: بالجنَّةِ.

53:32Page 527

ٱلَّذِينَ يَجۡتَنِبُونَ كَبَٰٓئِرَ ٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡفَوَٰحِشَ إِلَّا ٱللَّمَمَۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ وَٰسِعُ ٱلۡمَغۡفِرَةِۚ هُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِكُمۡ إِذۡ أَنشَأَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَإِذۡ أَنتُمۡ أَجِنَّةٞ فِي بُطُونِ أُمَّهَٰتِكُمۡۖ فَلَا تُزَكُّوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۡۖ هُوَ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰٓ ٣٢

Those who avoid the major sins and immoralities, only [committing] slight ones. Indeed, your Lord is vast in forgiveness. He was most knowing of you when He produced you from the earth and when you were fetuses in the wombs of your mothers. So do not claim yourselves to be pure; He is most knowing of who fears Him.

﴿ٱللَّمَمَ﴾: الذُّنُوبَ الصِّغارَ الَّتِي لا يُصِرُّ صاحِبُها عَلَيها، أو يُلِمُّ بِها على وجْهِ النُّدْرَةِ.

﴿أَنشَأَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ﴾: خَلَقَ أباكُم آدمَ مِن تُرابٍ.

﴿فَلَا تُزَكُّوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۡ﴾: فَتَمْدَحُوها بالتَّقْوى.

53:33Page 527

أَفَرَءَيۡتَ ٱلَّذِي تَوَلَّىٰ ٣٣

Have you seen the one who turned away

﴿تَوَلَّىٰ﴾: أعْرَضَ عَن طاعَةِ اللهِ.

53:34Page 527

وَأَعۡطَىٰ قَلِيلٗا وَأَكۡدَىٰٓ ٣٤

And gave a little and [then] refrained?

﴿وَأَكۡدَىٰٓ﴾: تَوَقَّفَ عَنِ العَطاءِ.

53:35Page 527

أَعِندَهُۥ عِلۡمُ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ فَهُوَ يَرَىٰٓ ٣٥

Does he have knowledge of the unseen, so he sees?1

No commentary for this ayah

53:36Page 527

أَمۡ لَمۡ يُنَبَّأۡ بِمَا فِي صُحُفِ مُوسَىٰ ٣٦

Or has he not been informed of what was in the scriptures of Moses

﴿صُحُفِ مُوسَىٰ﴾: هي أسْفارُ التَّوراةِ.

53:37Page 527

وَإِبۡرَٰهِيمَ ٱلَّذِي وَفَّىٰٓ ٣٧

And [of] Abraham, who fulfilled [his obligations] -

﴿وَإِبۡرَ ٰ⁠هِيمَ﴾: وصُحُفِ إبراهِيمَ التي سُجِّل فيها ما أوْحى اللهُ إليهِ.

﴿وَفَّىٰٓ﴾: بَلَّغَ ما أُرْسِلَ بِه.

53:38Page 527

أَلَّا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٞ وِزۡرَ أُخۡرَىٰ ٣٨

That no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another

﴿أَلَّا تَزِرُ﴾: أي لا تَحْمِلُ ولا تُؤاخَذُ.

﴿وَازِرَةࣱ﴾: حاملةُ إثْمٍ.

53:39Page 527

وَأَن لَّيۡسَ لِلۡإِنسَٰنِ إِلَّا مَا سَعَىٰ ٣٩

And that there is not for man except that [good] for which he strives

﴿لَّيۡسَ لِلۡإِنسَـٰنِ إِلَّا مَا سَعَىٰ﴾: لا يَحْصُلُ للإنسانِ مِنَ الأجْرِ إلّا ما كَسَبَ هُوَ لِنَفْسِهِ بِسَعْيِهِ.

53:40Page 527

وَأَنَّ سَعۡيَهُۥ سَوۡفَ يُرَىٰ ٤٠

And that his effort is going to be seen -

﴿سَعۡيَهُۥ﴾: عَمَلَه واكْتِسابَه.

﴿يُرَىٰ﴾: يُشاهَدُ عِنْدَ الحسابِ.

53:41Page 527

ثُمَّ يُجۡزَىٰهُ ٱلۡجَزَآءَ ٱلۡأَوۡفَىٰ ٤١

Then he will be recompensed for it with the fullest recompense -

﴿يُجۡزَىٰهُ﴾: يُجزى الإنسانُ عَلى سَعْيِهِ.

﴿ٱلۡأَوۡفَىٰ﴾: التامَّ الكامِلَ.

53:42Page 527

وَأَنَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡمُنتَهَىٰ ٤٢

And that to your Lord is the finality

﴿ٱلۡمُنتَهَىٰ﴾: انْتِهاءَ جَمِيعِ خَلْقِهِ ورُجُوعَهُم إلى حُكْمِهِ في الآخِرةِ.

53:43Page 527

وَأَنَّهُۥ هُوَ أَضۡحَكَ وَأَبۡكَىٰ ٤٣

And that it is He who makes [one] laugh and weep

﴿أَضۡحَكَ وَأَبۡكَىٰ﴾: خَلَقَ في الإنْسانِ قُوَّتَي الضَّحِكِ والبُكاءِ وأَسْبابَهُما مِن سُرورٍ وحُزْنٍ.

53:44Page 527

وَأَنَّهُۥ هُوَ أَمَاتَ وَأَحۡيَا ٤٤

And that it is He who causes death and gives life

﴿أَمَاتَ وَأَحۡيَا﴾: انْفَرَدَ بالإماتَةِ والإحْياءِ.

53:45Page 528

وَأَنَّهُۥ خَلَقَ ٱلزَّوۡجَيۡنِ ٱلذَّكَرَ وَٱلۡأُنثَىٰ ٤٥

And that He creates the two mates - the male and female -

No commentary for this ayah

53:46Page 528

مِن نُّطۡفَةٍ إِذَا تُمۡنَىٰ ٤٦

From a sperm-drop when it is emitted

﴿نُّطۡفَةٍ﴾: ماءٍ قَلِيلٍ.

﴿تُمۡنَىٰ﴾: تُصَبُّ في الرَّحِمِ وتُقْذَفُ.

53:47Page 528

وَأَنَّ عَلَيۡهِ ٱلنَّشۡأَةَ ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰ ٤٧

And that [incumbent] upon Him is the other [i.e., next] creation.

﴿ٱلنَّشۡأَةَ﴾: الخَلقَ.

﴿ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰ﴾: الأخِيَرةَ الَّتِي لا نَشْأَةَ بَعْدَها.

53:48Page 528

وَأَنَّهُۥ هُوَ أَغۡنَىٰ وَأَقۡنَىٰ ٤٨

And that it is He who enriches and suffices

﴿وَأَقۡنَىٰ﴾: أرضى الَّذِي أغْناهُ.

53:49Page 528

وَأَنَّهُۥ هُوَ رَبُّ ٱلشِّعۡرَىٰ ٤٩

And that it is He who is the Lord of Sirius1

﴿ٱلشِّعۡرَىٰ﴾: نَجْمٍ مُضِيءٍ كانَ يَعْبُدُهُ بَعْضُ أهْل الجاهِلِيَّةِ.

53:50Page 528

وَأَنَّهُۥٓ أَهۡلَكَ عَادًا ٱلۡأُولَىٰ ٥٠

And that He destroyed the first [people of] ʿAad

﴿عَادًا ٱلۡأُولَىٰ﴾: قَوْمَ نَبِيِّ اللهِ هُودٍ عَلَيهِ السَّلامُ، وهي أوَّلُ العرَبِ البائِدةِ.

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وَثَمُودَاْ فَمَآ أَبۡقَىٰ ٥١

And Thamūd - and He did not spare [them] -

﴿وَثَمُودَاْ﴾: قَوْمَ نَبِيِّ اللهِ صالِحٍ عَلَيهِ السَّلامُ.

﴿فَمَآ أَبۡقَىٰ﴾: فَما تَرَكَها بَلْ أهْلَكَها.

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وَقَوۡمَ نُوحٖ مِّن قَبۡلُۖ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ هُمۡ أَظۡلَمَ وَأَطۡغَىٰ ٥٢

And the people of Noah before. Indeed, it was they who were [even] more unjust and oppressing.

﴿وَأَطۡغَىٰ﴾: أشَدَّ طَغْيانًا وتَمَرُّدًا على اللهِ.

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وَٱلۡمُؤۡتَفِكَةَ أَهۡوَىٰ ٥٣

And the overturned towns1 He hurled down

﴿وَٱلۡمُؤۡتَفِكَةَ﴾: هي القُرى المَخْسُوفُ بِها، المقلوبُ أعلاها أسفلها، وهي قُرى قَوْمِ لُوطٍ عَلَيهِ السَّلامُ.

﴿أَهۡوَىٰ﴾: أسْقَطَ، فَجَعَلَها هاوِيَةً.

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فَغَشَّىٰهَا مَا غَشَّىٰ ٥٤

And covered them by that which He covered.1

﴿فَغَشَّىٰهَا مَا غَشَّىٰ﴾: فَأَلْبَسَها ما ألْبَسَها مِنَ الحِجارَةِ المُتَتابِعَةِ النّازِلَةِ عَلَيهِم.

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فَبِأَيِّ ءَالَآءِ رَبِّكَ تَتَمَارَىٰ ٥٥

Then which of the favors of your Lord do you doubt?

﴿ءَالَآءِ﴾: نِعَمِ، جَمْعُ إلىً.

﴿تَتَمَارَىٰ﴾: تَتَشَكَّكُ.

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هَٰذَا نَذِيرٞ مِّنَ ٱلنُّذُرِ ٱلۡأُولَىٰٓ ٥٦

This [Prophet (ﷺ)] is a warner from [i.e., like] the former warners.

﴿هَـٰذَا﴾: الَّذِي أنْذَرْتُكُم بِهِ مِنَ الوقائِعِ.

﴿نَذِيرࣱ﴾: إنْذارٌ.

﴿مِّنَ ٱلنُّذُرِ ٱلۡأُولَىٰٓ﴾: الَّتي أنْذَرْتُها الأُمَمَ الَّتي قَبْلَكُم.

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أَزِفَتِ ٱلۡأٓزِفَةُ ٥٧

The Approaching Day has approached.

﴿أَزِفَتِ﴾: قَرُبَتْ.

﴿ٱلۡـَٔازِفَةُ﴾: القِيامَةُ.

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لَيۡسَ لَهَا مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ كَاشِفَةٌ ٥٨

Of it, [from those] besides Allāh, there is no remover.

﴿لَيۡسَ لَهَا مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ كَاشِفَةٌ﴾: لا يَعْلَمُ بوَقْتِ وُقُوعِها إلّا اللهُ.

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أَفَمِنۡ هَٰذَا ٱلۡحَدِيثِ تَعۡجَبُونَ ٥٩

Then at this statement do you wonder?

﴿هَـٰذَا ٱلۡحَدِيثِ﴾: القرآنِ.

﴿تَعۡجَبُونَ﴾: مِن أن يَكُونَ صَحِيحًا.

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وَتَضۡحَكُونَ وَلَا تَبۡكُونَ ٦٠

And you laugh and do not weep

﴿وَتَضۡحَكُونَ﴾: مِنهُ سُخْرِيَةً واسْتِهْزاءً.

﴿وَلَا تَبۡكُونَ﴾: خَوْفًا مِن وعِيدِهِ.

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وَأَنتُمۡ سَٰمِدُونَ ٦١

While you are proudly sporting?1

﴿سَـٰمِدُونَ﴾: لاهُونَ مُعْرِضُونَ عَنْهُ.

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فَٱسۡجُدُواْۤ لِلَّهِۤ وَٱعۡبُدُواْ۩ ٦٢

So prostrate to Allāh and worship [Him].

No commentary for this ayah

Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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