Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
الروم
Ar-Rum
The Romans · Meccan · 60 ayahs
｛艾列弗，俩目，此类经文已在《黄牛》章首论述过了。
波斯人战胜了罗马人，
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فِيٓ أَدۡنَى ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَهُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ غَلَبِهِمۡ سَيَغۡلِبُونَ ٣
In the nearest land.1 But they, after their defeat, will overcome
在沙姆地区离波斯帝国最近的地方，罗马人被波斯人打败后，将战胜波斯人，
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فِي بِضۡعِ سِنِينَۗ لِلَّهِ ٱلۡأَمۡرُ مِن قَبۡلُ وَمِنۢ بَعۡدُۚ وَيَوۡمَئِذٖ يَفۡرَحُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ٤
Within three to nine years. To Allāh belongs the command [i.e., decree] before and after. And that day the believers will rejoice
在最少三年、最多不超过十年的时间段里。罗马人胜利前后，所有事务都归于真主，罗马人战胜波斯人的那天，信士们将要欢喜。
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بِنَصۡرِ ٱللَّهِۚ يَنصُرُ مَن يَشَآءُۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٥
In the victory of Allāh.1 He gives victory to whom He wills, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Merciful.
他们欢喜真主援助罗马人获胜，因为罗马人是有经之人。真主意欲使谁胜利或败北就使谁胜利或败北。祂是万能的、永胜的、对信士是仁慈的。
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وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِۖ لَا يُخۡلِفُ ٱللَّهُ وَعۡدَهُۥ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٦
[It is] the promise of Allāh. Allāh does not fail in His promise, but most of the people do not know.
这场胜利是来自清高真主的许诺，胜利的实现坚定了信士们对真主许诺的信心。而大部分人因不信道，对此无法知晓。
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يَعۡلَمُونَ ظَٰهِرٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَهُمۡ عَنِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ هُمۡ غَٰفِلُونَ ٧
They know what is apparent of the worldly life, but they, of the Hereafter, are unaware.
他们不懂得信仰和教律的规定，只了解与生计来源和物质文明建设相关的今世生活的表面，对于真正生活的家园——后世，他们反对和无视。
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أَوَلَمۡ يَتَفَكَّرُواْ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۗ مَّا خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَآ إِلَّا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَأَجَلٖ مُّسَمّٗىۗ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِلِقَآيِٕ رَبِّهِمۡ لَكَٰفِرُونَ ٨
Do they not contemplate within themselves?1 Allāh has not created the heavens and the earth and what is between them except in truth and for a specified term. And indeed, many of the people, in the meeting with their Lord, are disbelievers.
难道否认使者的以物配主者，没有扣心自问，真主是怎样创造了他们及万物吗？ 真主只以真理创造了天地万物，这不是徒劳，祂为天地在今世的存在设置了一个定期。很多人不相信复活日与真主相会，故他们不以取悦他们的主的善行而为复活做准备。
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أَوَلَمۡ يَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۚ كَانُوٓاْ أَشَدَّ مِنۡهُمۡ قُوَّةٗ وَأَثَارُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَعَمَرُوهَآ أَكۡثَرَ مِمَّا عَمَرُوهَا وَجَآءَتۡهُمۡ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِۖ فَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيَظۡلِمَهُمۡ وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٩
Have they not traveled through the earth and observed how was the end of those before them? They were greater than them in power, and they plowed [or excavated] the earth and built it up more than they [i.e., the Makkans] have built it up, and their messengers came to them with clear evidences. And Allāh would not ever have wronged them, but they were wronging themselves.
难道他们没有在大地上旅行，而观察前人否认使者的结局吗？那些前人比他们更强大，在地方的耕耘、建设也胜过他们。当他们的使者带着认主独一的证据和明证来临他们时，他们予以否认。他们的毁灭并非真主亏枉他们，而是他们自身，以不信道带来毁灭的诱因而亏枉了自己。
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ثُمَّ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَسَٰٓـُٔواْ ٱلسُّوٓأَىٰٓ أَن كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَانُواْ بِهَا يَسۡتَهۡزِءُونَ ١٠
Then the end of those who did evil was the worst [consequence] because they denied the signs of Allāh and used to ridicule them.
以物配主和作恶者的行径真恶劣！他们的结局极为糟糕！因为他们否认、挖苦和嘲笑真主的迹象。
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ٱللَّهُ يَبۡدَؤُاْ ٱلۡخَلۡقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُۥ ثُمَّ إِلَيۡهِ تُرۡجَعُونَ ١١
Allāh begins creation; then He will repeat it; then to Him you will be returned.
真主无先例地创造了众生，然后使他们灭亡，然后再造他们，然后在复活日你们只回归于祂，并接受祂的清算和赏罚。
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وَيَوۡمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يُبۡلِسُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ ١٢
And the Day the Hour appears the criminals will be in despair.
复活之时刻，犯罪的人，因坚持不信真主而对真主的仁慈感到失落，他们的希望将破灭，他们不信道的借口已荡然无存。
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وَلَمۡ يَكُن لَّهُم مِّن شُرَكَآئِهِمۡ شُفَعَٰٓؤُاْ وَكَانُواْ بِشُرَكَآئِهِمۡ كَٰفِرِينَ ١٣
And there will not be for them among their [alleged] partners any intercessors, and they will [then] be disbelievers in their partners.
他们在今世崇拜的偶像，没有为他们说情、拯救他们脱离惩罚，且否认他们以物配主的行为。在他们需要的时候，那些曾被配主的神灵丢弃了他们，因为他们同是遭毁灭的。
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وَيَوۡمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يَوۡمَئِذٖ يَتَفَرَّقُونَ ١٤
And the Day the Hour appears - that Day they will become separated.
复活日那天，人们根据今世所行而获得不同的报酬，要么高高在上，要么被贬至最低。
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فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فَهُمۡ فِي رَوۡضَةٖ يُحۡبَرُونَ ١٥
And as for those who had believed and done righteous deeds, they will be in a garden [of Paradise], delighted.
至于信道且为取悦真主而行善者，将进入乐园，他们为自己所获永久不竭的恩泽而欢喜。
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وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَكَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَلِقَآيِٕ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ مُحۡضَرُونَ ١٦
But as for those who disbelieved and denied Our verses and the meeting of the Hereafter, those will be brought into the punishment [to remain].
至于不信真主、否认降示于我的使者的迹象、否认复活和清算者，他们将永远被拘禁在惩罚中。
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فَسُبۡحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ حِينَ تُمۡسُونَ وَحِينَ تُصۡبِحُونَ ١٧
So exalted is Allāh when you reach the evening and when you reach the morning.
当夜幕降临时，你们应赞美真主，那正是昏礼和宵礼时刻；当早晨来临时，你们应赞美真主，那正是晨礼时刻。
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وَلَهُ ٱلۡحَمۡدُ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَعَشِيّٗا وَحِينَ تُظۡهِرُونَ ١٨
And to Him is [due all] praise throughout the heavens and the earth. And [exalted is He] at night and when you are at noon.
赞颂只归清高的真主，诸天中有众天使赞美祂，大地上有被造物在赞美他。当傍晚来临时，你们赞美真主，那正是晡礼时刻；当正午来临时，你们赞美真主，那正是晌礼时刻
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يُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡحَيَّ مِنَ ٱلۡمَيِّتِ وَيُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡمَيِّتَ مِنَ ٱلۡحَيِّ وَيُحۡيِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ تُخۡرَجُونَ ١٩
He brings the living out of the dead and brings the dead out of the living and brings to life the earth after its lifelessness. And thus will you be brought out.1
真主从死物中造出活物，比如从精液中创造出人、从鸡蛋中孕育出雏鸡；祂从活物中创造出死物，比如从人体中生出精液、从母鸡中生出鸡蛋。祂使旱灾后死亡的大地复活，比如借雨水生出谷物。你们将会像大地上生出谷物一样从坟墓中出来，以便接受清算和报酬。
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وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَنۡ خَلَقَكُم مِّن تُرَابٖ ثُمَّ إِذَآ أَنتُم بَشَرٞ تَنتَشِرُونَ ٢٠
And of His signs is that He created you from dust; then, suddenly you were human beings dispersing [throughout the earth].
人们啊！证明真主大能和独一性的伟大迹象有：你们的祖先和你们从泥土中的被造，然后你们繁衍后代，分散于大地的东西各地。
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وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَنۡ خَلَقَ لَكُم مِّنۡ أَنفُسِكُمۡ أَزۡوَٰجٗا لِّتَسۡكُنُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهَا وَجَعَلَ بَيۡنَكُم مَّوَدَّةٗ وَرَحۡمَةًۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ٢١
And of His signs is that He created for you from yourselves mates that you may find tranquility in them; and He placed between you affection and mercy. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.
人们啊！证明真主大能和独一性的伟大迹象还有：祂从你们同类中为你们创造了配偶，以便你们依恋她们，使你们互为慰藉，使你们相互恩爱和牵挂。对于能思维、且从思维中受益的民众，这其中皆存有明显的证据。
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وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ خَلۡقُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَٱخۡتِلَٰفُ أَلۡسِنَتِكُمۡ وَأَلۡوَٰنِكُمۡۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّلۡعَٰلِمِينَ ٢٢
And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth and the diversity of your languages and your colors. Indeed in that are signs for those of knowledge.
证明真主大能和独一性的伟大迹象还有：祂创造天地万物，其中人类语言不同，肤色各异。对于真知灼见之士，这其中有很多明显的证据。
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وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ مَنَامُكُم بِٱلَّيۡلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ وَٱبۡتِغَآؤُكُم مِّن فَضۡلِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَسۡمَعُونَ ٢٣
And of His signs is your sleep by night and day and your seeking of His bounty. Indeed in that are signs for a people who listen.
证明真主能力和独一性的伟大迹象还有：你们在夜间和白昼的睡眠，以便工作劳累后休息。祂的迹象还有，祂使白昼成为你们四散为寻求主的恩惠的时刻，这对于能聆听和思维的民众确有很多明证。
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وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ يُرِيكُمُ ٱلۡبَرۡقَ خَوۡفٗا وَطَمَعٗا وَيُنَزِّلُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَيُحۡيِۦ بِهِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَآۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَعۡقِلُونَ ٢٤
And of His signs is [that] He shows you the lightning [causing] fear and aspiration, and He sends down rain from the sky by which He brings to life the earth after its lifelessness. Indeed in that are signs for a people who use reason.
证明真主大能和独一性的伟大迹象还有：祂使你们目睹天空的闪电，其中有你们惧怕的雷声和期望的雨水，并为你们从天空降下雨水，生出各种植物，借以复活干旱后的大地。对于有智慧的人其中确有很多明证，他们以此作为死后复活和清算及报酬的证据。
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وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَن تَقُومَ ٱلسَّمَآءُ وَٱلۡأَرۡضُ بِأَمۡرِهِۦۚ ثُمَّ إِذَا دَعَاكُمۡ دَعۡوَةٗ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِذَآ أَنتُمۡ تَخۡرُجُونَ ٢٥
And of His signs is that the heaven and earth stand [i.e., remain] by His command. Then when He calls you with a [single] call from the earth, immediately you will come forth.
证明真主大能和独一性的伟大迹象还有：穹苍和大地依清高真主的意志而矗立。然后，当天使吹响号角，真主呼唤大地上的你们时，你们便从坟墓中立刻出来，以做清算和报酬。
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وَلَهُۥ مَن فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ كُلّٞ لَّهُۥ قَٰنِتُونَ ٢٦
And to Him belongs whoever is in the heavens and earth. All are to Him devoutly obedient.
天地万物，只属于独一的祂，大地上的一切都由祂掌控、创造和定制，天上和地上的一切被造物，都顺从于祂，遵守祂的命令。
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وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي يَبۡدَؤُاْ ٱلۡخَلۡقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُۥ وَهُوَ أَهۡوَنُ عَلَيۡهِۚ وَلَهُ ٱلۡمَثَلُ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٢٧
And it is He who begins creation; then He repeats it, and that is [even] easier for Him. To Him belongs the highest description [i.e., attribute] in the heavens and earth. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
清高的真主史无先例地创造众生，然后在毁灭他们后又再造他们，再造比初造更容易。对于真主，初造和再造都很容易。因为，祂欲创造某物时，只对那事物说：“有”，那事物便有了。清高的真主享有所有对祂尊严和完美的最高典型的描述，祂是万能的、不可战胜的，在创造和管理上，祂是至睿的。
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ضَرَبَ لَكُم مَّثَلٗا مِّنۡ أَنفُسِكُمۡۖ هَل لَّكُم مِّن مَّا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُم مِّن شُرَكَآءَ فِي مَا رَزَقۡنَٰكُمۡ فَأَنتُمۡ فِيهِ سَوَآءٞ تَخَافُونَهُمۡ كَخِيفَتِكُمۡ أَنفُسَكُمۡۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نُفَصِّلُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ لِقَوۡمٖ يَعۡقِلُونَ ٢٨
He presents to you an example from yourselves. Do you have among those whom your right hands possess [i.e., slaves] any partners in what We have provided for you so that you are equal therein [and] would fear them as your fear of one another [within a partnership]?1 Thus do We detail the verses for a people who use reason.
以物配主者啊！真主为你们以你们自身设了一个比喻。你们的奴隶和奴婢中有和你们共同平等分享你们财产的同伴吗？你们害怕别人与你们共同分配你们的财产，你们相互畏惧自由的、同等人的分割自己的财产吗？毫无疑问，你们不喜欢那样。真主更不会有来自被造物和奴仆中的伙伴分其权利。设立这样及其他的比喻，为有理智者阐明各式证据，因为他们才是其受益者。
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بَلِ ٱتَّبَعَ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوٓاْ أَهۡوَآءَهُم بِغَيۡرِ عِلۡمٖۖ فَمَن يَهۡدِي مَنۡ أَضَلَّ ٱللَّهُۖ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن نَّٰصِرِينَ ٢٩
But those who wrong follow their [own] desires without knowledge. Then who can guide one whom Allāh has sent astray? And for them there are no helpers.
他们的迷误并不因为证据的缺失或模糊，而是因为他们追随私欲和对他们父辈的效仿。真主使其迷误者，谁又能引导他走向正道呢？他们没有援助者，为他们抵御真主的惩罚。
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فَأَقِمۡ وَجۡهَكَ لِلدِّينِ حَنِيفٗاۚ فِطۡرَتَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلَّتِي فَطَرَ ٱلنَّاسَ عَلَيۡهَاۚ لَا تَبۡدِيلَ لِخَلۡقِ ٱللَّهِۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلدِّينُ ٱلۡقَيِّمُ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٣٠
So direct your face [i.e., self] toward the religion, inclining to truth. [Adhere to] the fiṭrah1 of Allāh upon which He has created [all] people. No change should there be in the creation of Allāh.2 That is the correct religion, but most of the people do not know.
使者啊！你和跟随你的人，当放弃所有宗教，而趋向真主为你指明的的正教。真主赋予人的本性是伊斯兰教，真主的创造绝无可替代。那是端庄的正教，但是，大部分人都不知道这个宗教就是真理的宗教。
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۞ مُنِيبِينَ إِلَيۡهِ وَٱتَّقُوهُ وَأَقِيمُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَلَا تَكُونُواْ مِنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ٣١
[Adhere to it], turning in repentance to Him, and fear Him and establish prayer and do not be of those who associate others with Allāh
你们当为自己的罪行向真主忏悔并归依祂，你们当敬畏祂，遵循祂的命令、远离祂的禁令，完美拜功，不要成为违背天性的以物配主者，他们以物配主并加以崇拜。
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مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ فَرَّقُواْ دِينَهُمۡ وَكَانُواْ شِيَعٗاۖ كُلُّ حِزۡبِۭ بِمَا لَدَيۡهِمۡ فَرِحُونَ ٣٢
[Or] of those who have divided their religion and become sects, every faction rejoicing in what it has.1
你们不要成为变更自身宗教的以物配主者，他们信仰其中一部分，否认另一部分。他们分裂成很多宗派和分支，每个宗派都乐此不疲地奉行自己的荒谬，并认为只有自己是正确的，其他宗派都是荒谬的。
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وَإِذَا مَسَّ ٱلنَّاسَ ضُرّٞ دَعَوۡاْ رَبَّهُم مُّنِيبِينَ إِلَيۡهِ ثُمَّ إِذَآ أَذَاقَهُم مِّنۡهُ رَحۡمَةً إِذَا فَرِيقٞ مِّنۡهُم بِرَبِّهِمۡ يُشۡرِكُونَ ٣٣
And when adversity touches the people, they call upon their Lord, turning in repentance to Him. Then when He lets them taste mercy from Him, at once a party of them associate others with their Lord,
当以物配主者遭遇疾病、贫穷和旱灾时，他们祈祷独一的主，向祂哀求和诉苦，求真主拯救他们脱离灾难。然而，真主一旦施以恩惠拯救他们，他们中一部分人立刻返回以物配主的行径中。
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لِيَكۡفُرُواْ بِمَآ ءَاتَيۡنَٰهُمۡۚ فَتَمَتَّعُواْ فَسَوۡفَ تَعۡلَمُونَ ٣٤
So that they will deny what We have granted them.1 Then enjoy yourselves, for you are going to know.
如果他们辜负真主的恩惠，包括拯救他们脱离灾难的恩典，叫他们享受当下的生活吧！在复活日，他们将亲眼见证，他们曾处在明显的迷误中。
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أَمۡ أَنزَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ سُلۡطَٰنٗا فَهُوَ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِمَا كَانُواْ بِهِۦ يُشۡرِكُونَ ٣٥
Or have We sent down to them an authority [i.e., a proof or scripture], and it speaks of what they have been associating with Him?
是什么教唆他们以物配主呢？他们没有任何证据！我没有赐予他们任何经典作为他们以物配主的依据！他们没有任何一部论述他们以物配主的经典，可以证实他们不信道的正确！
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وَإِذَآ أَذَقۡنَا ٱلنَّاسَ رَحۡمَةٗ فَرِحُواْ بِهَاۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ سَيِّئَةُۢ بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ إِذَا هُمۡ يَقۡنَطُونَ ٣٦
And when We let the people taste mercy, they rejoice therein, but if evil afflicts them for what their hands have put forth, immediately they despair.
如果我让人们品尝我的一种恩典——比如健康、富有，他们就沾沾自喜且自大。假若，他们因自身作恶而遭难——比如疾病、贫穷时，他们就对真主的恩典失望，对自己摆脱困难绝望。
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أَوَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَبۡسُطُ ٱلرِّزۡقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَقۡدِرُۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٣٧
Do they not see that Allāh extends provision for whom He wills and restricts [it]? Indeed in that are signs for a people who believe.
难道他们没有看到吗？真主增加祂所欲的仆人的恩典，以考验其是感恩？还是负恩？真主使祂所欲的仆人窘迫，以考验他是坚忍？还是愤怒？使部分仆人的给养宽裕，而使另一部分仆人的给养窘迫，对于信士们，这其中确有真主仁慈和关怀的很多明证。
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فَـَٔاتِ ذَا ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ حَقَّهُۥ وَٱلۡمِسۡكِينَ وَٱبۡنَ ٱلسَّبِيلِۚ ذَٰلِكَ خَيۡرٞ لِّلَّذِينَ يُرِيدُونَ وَجۡهَ ٱللَّهِۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ٣٨
So give the relative his right, as well as the needy and the traveler. That is best for those who desire the face [i.e., approval] of Allāh, and it is they who will be the successful.
顺从的人啊！你当给予近亲所应得的孝敬和接续。给予有需求者所需求的，给予旅途盘缠拮据者应得的，这些付出对想要获得真主喜悦的人是最好的，这些帮助和财物的给予者，将依他们的施予获得他们诉求的乐园，远离他们畏惧的惩罚。
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وَمَآ ءَاتَيۡتُم مِّن رِّبٗا لِّيَرۡبُوَاْ فِيٓ أَمۡوَٰلِ ٱلنَّاسِ فَلَا يَرۡبُواْ عِندَ ٱللَّهِۖ وَمَآ ءَاتَيۡتُم مِّن زَكَوٰةٖ تُرِيدُونَ وَجۡهَ ٱللَّهِ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُضۡعِفُونَ ٣٩
And whatever you give for interest [i.e., advantage] to increase within the wealth of people1 will not increase with Allāh. But what you give in zakāh,2 desiring the face [i.e., approval] of Allāh - those are the multipliers.3
故真主说：“你们将财物借给他人，以谋收回更多钱财的人，在真主那里，他的回赐不会增加。欲得真主喜悦，将我赐予的财物借给他人，以解其需求，而不求人们的荣耀和回报，这等人，真主必成倍增加其报酬。”
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ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَكُمۡ ثُمَّ رَزَقَكُمۡ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمۡ ثُمَّ يُحۡيِيكُمۡۖ هَلۡ مِن شُرَكَآئِكُم مَّن يَفۡعَلُ مِن ذَٰلِكُم مِّن شَيۡءٖۚ سُبۡحَٰنَهُۥ وَتَعَٰلَىٰ عَمَّا يُشۡرِكُونَ ٤٠
Allāh is the one who created you, then provided for you, then will cause you to die, and then will give you life. Are there any of your "partners" who does anything of that? Exalted is He and high above what they associate with Him.
真主独立创造了你们，然后施以给养，之后使你们死亡，然后复活你们，难道你们舍真主而崇拜的偶像能做到其中任何一件事情吗？真主超越以物配主者的托辞和想象。
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ظَهَرَ ٱلۡفَسَادُ فِي ٱلۡبَرِّ وَٱلۡبَحۡرِ بِمَا كَسَبَتۡ أَيۡدِي ٱلنَّاسِ لِيُذِيقَهُم بَعۡضَ ٱلَّذِي عَمِلُواْ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَرۡجِعُونَ ٤١
Corruption has appeared throughout the land and sea by [reason of] what the hands of people have earned so He [i.e., Allāh] may let them taste part of [the consequence of] what they have done that perhaps they will return [to righteousness].
因人们所行的罪恶，生活资料的匮乏及人类患病、流行病的发生等因素灾祸已显现于大陆和海洋，这是真主对他们今世部分恶行的惩罚，以便他们觉悟并忏悔。
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قُلۡ سِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلُۚ كَانَ أَكۡثَرُهُم مُّشۡرِكِينَ ٤٢
Say, [O Muḥammad], "Travel through the land and observe how was the end of those before. Most of them were associators [of others with Allāh].
使者啊！你对以物配主者说：“你们在大地上行走吧！观察你们之前否认使者的民众的结局如何？他们的结局是很恶劣的，他们大部分都是以物配主者，他们以物配主并加以崇拜，所以，是他们以物配主的行为致使他们走向毁灭。
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فَأَقِمۡ وَجۡهَكَ لِلدِّينِ ٱلۡقَيِّمِ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن يَأۡتِيَ يَوۡمٞ لَّا مَرَدَّ لَهُۥ مِنَ ٱللَّهِۖ يَوۡمَئِذٖ يَصَّدَّعُونَ ٤٣
So direct your face [i.e., self] toward the correct religion before a Day comes from Allāh of which there is no repelling. That Day, they will be divided.1
使者啊！不可逆转的复活日来临之前，你当趋向端庄的正教——伊斯兰。在那日，人们将相互分离。一部分人进入乐园，享受恩泽；而另一部分进入火狱，接受惩罚。
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مَن كَفَرَ فَعَلَيۡهِ كُفۡرُهُۥۖ وَمَنۡ عَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَلِأَنفُسِهِمۡ يَمۡهَدُونَ ٤٤
Whoever disbelieves - upon him is [the consequence of] his disbelief. And whoever does righteousness - they are for themselves preparing,
谁否认真主，谁将受其不信的恶报——即永久的火狱。谁以求真主的喜悦而行善，为自身谋其善果，他们就在为进入永居其中的乐园和恩泽做准备。
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لِيَجۡزِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٤٥
That He may reward those who have believed and done righteous deeds out of His bounty. Indeed, He does not like the disbelievers.
奖赏属于信道且为获得真主喜悦，而行善的人。清高真主不喜悦否认真主及其使者的人，而且极为痛恨他们，并将在复活日惩罚他们。
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وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَن يُرۡسِلَ ٱلرِّيَاحَ مُبَشِّرَٰتٖ وَلِيُذِيقَكُم مِّن رَّحۡمَتِهِۦ وَلِتَجۡرِيَ ٱلۡفُلۡكُ بِأَمۡرِهِۦ وَلِتَبۡتَغُواْ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٤٦
And of His signs is that He sends the winds as bringers of good tidings and to let you taste His mercy [i.e., rain] and so the ships may sail at His command and so you may seek of His bounty, and perhaps you will be grateful.
人们啊！证明真主大能和独一性的伟大迹象还有：祂派遣风向信士预报雨水临近的喜讯，然后借雨后土地的肥沃和柔软向你们施恩；船舶以祂的意欲在海洋行驶，以便你们在海洋商贸中寻求祂的恩典。你们感恩真主赐予你们的恩典，真主就加倍赏赐你们。
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وَلَقَدۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ رُسُلًا إِلَىٰ قَوۡمِهِمۡ فَجَآءُوهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ فَٱنتَقَمۡنَا مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَجۡرَمُواْۖ وَكَانَ حَقًّا عَلَيۡنَا نَصۡرُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٤٧
And We have already sent messengers before you to their peoples, and they came to them with clear evidences; then We took retribution from those who committed crimes, and incumbent upon Us was support1 of the believers.
使者啊！在你之前我确已派遣很多使者，带着证实他们诚实的证据去劝诫各自的族人，那些族人否认了使者带给他们的教诲，故我惩罚了那些犯罪的族人，以我的惩罚毁灭了他们，并拯救了使者和信士们免遭毁灭。拯救信士和援助他们是我的责任。
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ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي يُرۡسِلُ ٱلرِّيَٰحَ فَتُثِيرُ سَحَابٗا فَيَبۡسُطُهُۥ فِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ كَيۡفَ يَشَآءُ وَيَجۡعَلُهُۥ كِسَفٗا فَتَرَى ٱلۡوَدۡقَ يَخۡرُجُ مِنۡ خِلَٰلِهِۦۖ فَإِذَآ أَصَابَ بِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦٓ إِذَا هُمۡ يَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ ٤٨
It is Allāh who sends the winds, and they stir the clouds and spread them in the sky however He wills, and He makes them fragments so you see the rain emerge from within them. And when He causes it to fall upon whom He wills of His servants, immediately they rejoice
清高的真主派遣风，又借风吹动兴起了云，然后任意使云或多或少聚散于天空中，且将云分为许多块。善于观察的人们啊！你们看到雨从云中落下，当祂使雨水落到祂所意欲的仆人处时，那仆人便因真主对他们的恩赐，以及雨后大地生出他们和牲畜所需的谷物而欢乐。
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وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن يُنَزَّلَ عَلَيۡهِم مِّن قَبۡلِهِۦ لَمُبۡلِسِينَ ٤٩
Although they were, before it was sent down upon them - before that, in despair.
在真主降下雨水之前，他们对于雨水降于他们是沮丧的。
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فَٱنظُرۡ إِلَىٰٓ ءَاثَٰرِ رَحۡمَتِ ٱللَّهِ كَيۡفَ يُحۡيِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَآۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمُحۡيِ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ٥٠
So observe the effects of the mercy of Allāh - how He gives life to the earth after its lifelessness. Indeed, that [same one] will give life to the dead, and He is over all things competent.
使者啊！你看真主赐予众仆雨后恩典的效果吧！祂怎样在干旱和枯竭后，借生出的各类植物使大地复活，使干旱后的大地复活者就能使死物复活，祂确是万能的、无所不能的。
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وَلَئِنۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا رِيحٗا فَرَأَوۡهُ مُصۡفَرّٗا لَّظَلُّواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦ يَكۡفُرُونَ ٥١
But if We should send a [bad] wind and they saw [their crops] turned yellow, they would remain thereafter disbelievers.1
假如我派遣一阵风，吹毁了他们的庄稼和植物，他们看到自己曾绿油油的庄稼变成了黄色的，看到这一切，他们更否认之前真主赐予他们的诸多恩典。
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فَإِنَّكَ لَا تُسۡمِعُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ وَلَا تُسۡمِعُ ٱلصُّمَّ ٱلدُّعَآءَ إِذَا وَلَّوۡاْ مُدۡبِرِينَ ٥٢
So indeed, you will not make the dead hear, nor will you make the deaf hear the call when they turn their backs, retreating.
你不能使死者，也不能使聋者聆听你的教诲。他们的远离已确定了不愿聆听。同样，你也不能引导像这些不愿受益且反对聆听教诲的人。
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وَمَآ أَنتَ بِهَٰدِ ٱلۡعُمۡيِ عَن ضَلَٰلَتِهِمۡۖ إِن تُسۡمِعُ إِلَّا مَن يُؤۡمِنُ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا فَهُم مُّسۡلِمُونَ ٥٣
And you cannot guide the blind away from their error. You will only make hear those who believe in Our verses so they are Muslims [in submission to Allāh].
你不能引导迷失正道者回归正道，你只能使信仰我的迹象者聆听你的教诲，因为他们受益于你所讲的，他们听从真主的命令，归顺于祂。
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۞ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن ضَعۡفٖ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ضَعۡفٖ قُوَّةٗ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ قُوَّةٖ ضَعۡفٗا وَشَيۡبَةٗۚ يَخۡلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٱلۡقَدِيرُ ٥٤
Allāh is the one who created you from weakness, then made after weakness strength, then made after strength weakness and white hair. He creates what He wills, and He is the Knowing, the Competent.
人们啊！真主从卑贱的液体创造了你们，然后，从微弱的幼年使你们进入壮年，然后，使你们在壮年后进入年迈的微弱和虚弱，真主创造祂所意欲的微弱和强壮。祂是全知万物的，任何事物都无法对祂隐藏，祂是万能的。
30:55Page 410
وَيَوۡمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يُقۡسِمُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمُونَ مَا لَبِثُواْ غَيۡرَ سَاعَةٖۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كَانُواْ يُؤۡفَكُونَ ٥٥
And the Day the Hour appears the criminals will swear they had remained but an hour. Thus they were deluded.
复生之日，犯罪者发誓他们在坟墓里只呆了一霎间，他们被阻止知晓在坟墓里逗留的时间，如同他们曾在今世被阻碍真理一样。
30:56Page 410
وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡعِلۡمَ وَٱلۡإِيمَٰنَ لَقَدۡ لَبِثۡتُمۡ فِي كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡبَعۡثِۖ فَهَٰذَا يَوۡمُ ٱلۡبَعۡثِ وَلَٰكِنَّكُمۡ كُنتُمۡ لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ ٥٦
But those who were given knowledge and faith will say, "You remained the extent of Allāh's decree until the Day of Resurrection, and this is the Day of Resurrection, but you did not used to know."1
被真主赋予了知识的先知和天使们说：“依真主的前定，你们从被造一直逗留至你们否认的复活之日，但是，你们不知道复活日将真的来临，你们曾经否认复活。”
30:57Page 410
فَيَوۡمَئِذٖ لَّا يَنفَعُ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ مَعۡذِرَتُهُمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يُسۡتَعۡتَبُونَ ٥٧
So that Day, their excuse will not benefit those who wronged, nor will they be asked to appease [Allāh].
真主复活众生接受清算和报酬。不义者寻找的借口无益于自身，他们也不得以忏悔和求饶祈求真主的喜悦，对此他们已错失良机。
30:58Page 410
وَلَقَدۡ ضَرَبۡنَا لِلنَّاسِ فِي هَٰذَا ٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ مِن كُلِّ مَثَلٖۚ وَلَئِن جِئۡتَهُم بِـَٔايَةٖ لَّيَقُولَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ إِنۡ أَنتُمۡ إِلَّا مُبۡطِلُونَ ٥٨
And We have certainly presented to the people in this Qur’ān from every [kind of] example. But, [O Muḥammad], if you should bring them a sign, the disbelievers will surely say, "You [believers] are but falsifiers."
真主为人类在这部《古兰经》里设立了很多比喻，以示对他们的爱护，为他们阐明真理和荒谬。使者啊！当你昭示他们一种迹象时，不信真主者必说：“你们所说的只是荒诞的言词而已。”
30:59Page 410
كَذَٰلِكَ يَطۡبَعُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٥٩
Thus does Allāh seal the hearts of those who do not know.1
就如你昭示他们一种迹象，他们不信的心被封闭一般，所有那些不了解你带给他们真理的人们，真主封闭了他们心。
30:60Page 410
فَٱصۡبِرۡ إِنَّ وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقّٞۖ وَلَا يَسۡتَخِفَّنَّكَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُوقِنُونَ ٦٠
So be patient. Indeed, the promise of Allāh is truth. And let them not disquiet you who are not certain [in faith].
使者啊！你当坚忍你的族人对你的否认，真主许诺你胜利和毫无置疑的得势，你不要因不信自己能被复活之人而急躁并放弃坚忍。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences