Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
المائدة
Al-Ma'idah
The Table Spread · Medinan · 120 ayahs
5:1Page 106
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَوۡفُواْ بِٱلۡعُقُودِۚ أُحِلَّتۡ لَكُم بَهِيمَةُ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ إِلَّا مَا يُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡكُمۡ غَيۡرَ مُحِلِّي ٱلصَّيۡدِ وَأَنتُمۡ حُرُمٌۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَحۡكُمُ مَا يُرِيدُ ١
O you who have believed, fulfill [all] contracts.1 Lawful for you are the animals of grazing livestock except for that which is recited to you [in this Qur’ān] - hunting not being permitted while you are in the state of iḥrām.2 Indeed, Allāh ordains what He intends.
信士们啊!你们应履行你们与养主之间,与众生之间的各种约定。除对你们宣读的禁止之物、以及在正朝和副朝受戒期间禁止捕杀陆地的飞禽走兽外,真主已将一切牲畜(骆驼、牛和羊)对你们定为是合法的。真主依照祂的智慧,将祂所意欲之事定为合法的和非法的,无人能强迫祂,也无人能拒绝祂的判决。
5:2Page 106
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تُحِلُّواْ شَعَٰٓئِرَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا ٱلشَّهۡرَ ٱلۡحَرَامَ وَلَا ٱلۡهَدۡيَ وَلَا ٱلۡقَلَٰٓئِدَ وَلَآ ءَآمِّينَ ٱلۡبَيۡتَ ٱلۡحَرَامَ يَبۡتَغُونَ فَضۡلٗا مِّن رَّبِّهِمۡ وَرِضۡوَٰنٗاۚ وَإِذَا حَلَلۡتُمۡ فَٱصۡطَادُواْۚ وَلَا يَجۡرِمَنَّكُمۡ شَنَـَٔانُ قَوۡمٍ أَن صَدُّوكُمۡ عَنِ ٱلۡمَسۡجِدِ ٱلۡحَرَامِ أَن تَعۡتَدُواْۘ وَتَعَاوَنُواْ عَلَى ٱلۡبِرِّ وَٱلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ وَلَا تَعَاوَنُواْ عَلَى ٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ ٢
O you who have believed, do not violate the rites of Allāh or [the sanctity of] the sacred month or [neglect the marking of] the sacrificial animals and garlanding [them] or [violate the safety of] those coming to the Sacred House seeking bounty from their Lord and [His] approval. But when you come out of iḥrām, then [you may] hunt. And do not let the hatred of a people for having obstructed you from al-Masjid al-Ḥarām lead you to transgress. And cooperate in righteousness and piety, but do not cooperate in sin and aggression. And fear Allāh; indeed, Allāh is severe in penalty.
信士们啊!你们不要将命令你们应尊崇的禁令视为合法的,当放弃受戒期间的禁止事项:如穿缝制的衣物,和禁地内的禁止事项:如捕猎;不要在禁月内交战(即伊历十一月、十二月、一月和七月);不要将强迫送往禁地为真主宰牲视为合法的,也不要阻止它们抵达目的地;不要侵犯这些带有毛制项圈或其它材料项圈的作为牺牲的牲畜;不要伤害朝觐禁寺以求买卖获利和真主喜悦的朝觐者。你们在正朝或副朝开戒后,如果愿意,可以狩猎。你们不要因有人曾阻止你们进入禁寺而怨恨他们,并放弃在他们中主持公道。信士们啊!你们应相互协作来履行真主的命令,放弃真主禁止的事物,你们应以遵循真主命令,远离祂的禁止事项而敬畏真主。的确,真主对违背之人有着严厉的惩罚,你们应提防祂的惩罚。
5:3Page 107
حُرِّمَتۡ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡمَيۡتَةُ وَٱلدَّمُ وَلَحۡمُ ٱلۡخِنزِيرِ وَمَآ أُهِلَّ لِغَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ بِهِۦ وَٱلۡمُنۡخَنِقَةُ وَٱلۡمَوۡقُوذَةُ وَٱلۡمُتَرَدِّيَةُ وَٱلنَّطِيحَةُ وَمَآ أَكَلَ ٱلسَّبُعُ إِلَّا مَا ذَكَّيۡتُمۡ وَمَا ذُبِحَ عَلَى ٱلنُّصُبِ وَأَن تَسۡتَقۡسِمُواْ بِٱلۡأَزۡلَٰمِۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ فِسۡقٌۗ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ يَئِسَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن دِينِكُمۡ فَلَا تَخۡشَوۡهُمۡ وَٱخۡشَوۡنِۚ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ أَكۡمَلۡتُ لَكُمۡ دِينَكُمۡ وَأَتۡمَمۡتُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ نِعۡمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ ٱلۡإِسۡلَٰمَ دِينٗاۚ فَمَنِ ٱضۡطُرَّ فِي مَخۡمَصَةٍ غَيۡرَ مُتَجَانِفٖ لِّإِثۡمٖ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٣
Prohibited to you are dead animals,1 blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has been dedicated to other than Allāh, and [those animals] killed by strangling or by a violent blow or by a head-long fall or by the goring of horns, and those from which a wild animal has eaten, except what you [are able to] slaughter [before its death], and those which are sacrificed on stone altars,2 and [prohibited is] that you seek decision through divining arrows. That is grave disobedience. This day those who disbelieve have despaired of [defeating] your religion; so fear them not, but fear Me. This day I have perfected for you your religion and completed My favor upon you and have approved for you Islām as religion. But whoever is forced by severe hunger with no inclination to sin - then indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
禁止你们食用未经宰杀的动物、流动的血液、猪肉,以及诵非真主尊名宰杀的、勒死的、打死的、从高处跌落摔死的、撞死的,类似于狮子、老虎和狼等猛兽吃剩的,除非确定它还活着,即奉念真主尊名,按照教律而宰杀的动物,那对你们是合法的。禁止你们食用为供奉偶像而宰杀的、为占卜抽签而获得的(即在签上写下“做”或“不做”,根据抽签的结果而行事),这些都是明文禁止事项,有悖于对真主的服从。今天,当不信道者看到你们的强大,对策反你们背弃伊斯兰教而绝望时,你们不要畏惧他们,当只畏惧我。今天,我已为你们完美了你们的宗教,它就是伊斯兰教。完成了我对你们明显的和隐匿的恩典、我选择伊斯兰教为你们的宗教,故你们不要接受其它的宗教,谁因饥饿难耐,为求生存且无意犯罪而食用了死物,那对他是无罪的,真主确是至恕的,至慈的。
5:4Page 107
يَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ مَاذَآ أُحِلَّ لَهُمۡۖ قُلۡ أُحِلَّ لَكُمُ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتُ وَمَا عَلَّمۡتُم مِّنَ ٱلۡجَوَارِحِ مُكَلِّبِينَ تُعَلِّمُونَهُنَّ مِمَّا عَلَّمَكُمُ ٱللَّهُۖ فَكُلُواْ مِمَّآ أَمۡسَكۡنَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَٱذۡكُرُواْ ٱسۡمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡهِۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَرِيعُ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ٤
They ask you, [O Muḥammad], what has been made lawful for them. Say, "Lawful for you are [all] good foods and [game caught by] what you have trained of hunting animals1 which you train as Allāh has taught you. So eat of what they catch for you, and mention the name of Allāh upon it, and fear Allāh." Indeed, Allāh is swift in account.
使者啊!你的同伴们询问你,真主允许他们食用什么?先知啊!你说:“真主允许你们食用一切佳美的食物,允许食用经过训练如猎犬、猎豹以及猎鹰捕捉的猎物,你们应以真主给予你们的知识,有礼有节地教授它们捕猎,以求它们言听计从。你们食用这些训练有素的动物为你们捕捉的猎物,即使猎物已死,你们当在放纵它们时诵念真主的尊名。你们应以遵循真主的命令,远离真主禁令来敬畏真主,的确,真主是清算神速的。”
5:5Page 107
ٱلۡيَوۡمَ أُحِلَّ لَكُمُ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتُۖ وَطَعَامُ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ حِلّٞ لَّكُمۡ وَطَعَامُكُمۡ حِلّٞ لَّهُمۡۖ وَٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِ وَٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ إِذَآ ءَاتَيۡتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ مُحۡصِنِينَ غَيۡرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَ وَلَا مُتَّخِذِيٓ أَخۡدَانٖۗ وَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بِٱلۡإِيمَٰنِ فَقَدۡ حَبِطَ عَمَلُهُۥ وَهُوَ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ مِنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ٥
This day [all] good foods have been made lawful, and the food of those who were given the Scripture is lawful for you and your food is lawful for them. And [lawful in marriage are] chaste women from among the believers and chaste women from among those who were given the Scripture before you, when you have given them their due compensation,1 desiring chastity, not unlawful sexual intercourse or taking [secret] lovers. And whoever denies the faith - his work has become worthless, and he, in the Hereafter, will be among the losers.
今天,真主允许你们食用一切佳美的食物,允许食用信奉天经的犹太教徒和基督教徒宰杀的食物,你们所宰杀的对于他们也是合法的;允许你们娶纯洁的信道的自由女,和你们之前信奉天经的犹太教徒和基督教徒中纯洁的自由女为妻,你们当给予她们聘仪,你们也应清白无犯罪前科,贞洁无情人与其通奸。谁否认真主为祂的众仆制定的教法,谁的善功无效,因为善功得以接受的前提就是信仰,这些人在复活日确是亏折之人,并永居火狱之中。
5:6Page 108
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا قُمۡتُمۡ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ فَٱغۡسِلُواْ وُجُوهَكُمۡ وَأَيۡدِيَكُمۡ إِلَى ٱلۡمَرَافِقِ وَٱمۡسَحُواْ بِرُءُوسِكُمۡ وَأَرۡجُلَكُمۡ إِلَى ٱلۡكَعۡبَيۡنِۚ وَإِن كُنتُمۡ جُنُبٗا فَٱطَّهَّرُواْۚ وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرۡضَىٰٓ أَوۡ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ أَوۡ جَآءَ أَحَدٞ مِّنكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡغَآئِطِ أَوۡ لَٰمَسۡتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَلَمۡ تَجِدُواْ مَآءٗ فَتَيَمَّمُواْ صَعِيدٗا طَيِّبٗا فَٱمۡسَحُواْ بِوُجُوهِكُمۡ وَأَيۡدِيكُم مِّنۡهُۚ مَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيَجۡعَلَ عَلَيۡكُم مِّنۡ حَرَجٖ وَلَٰكِن يُرِيدُ لِيُطَهِّرَكُمۡ وَلِيُتِمَّ نِعۡمَتَهُۥ عَلَيۡكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٦
O you who have believed, when you rise to [perform] prayer, wash your faces and your forearms to the elbows and wipe over your heads and wash your feet to the ankles. And if you are in a state of janābah,1 then purify yourselves. But if you are ill or on a journey or one of you comes from the place of relieving himself or you have contacted women2 and do not find water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and hands with it. Allāh does not intend to make difficulty for you, but He intends to purify you and complete His favor upon you that you may be grateful.
信道的人们啊!如果你们起身想立行拜功,而你们身着小污秽,故当洗小净。当洗你们的脸、洗双手至肘、洗双脚至与腿分界的两踝骨处;如果你们身着大污秽,故当洗大净。如果你们生病,担心用水增加病情或推迟治愈期,或你们身体健康却旅行在外,或例如上厕所而身着小污秽,或与妇女交接而身着大污秽,为了清洁你们没有找到水时,可以趋向地面,你们用双手拍打地面,之后抹你们的脸和双手。真主不愿在教律中为难你们,故当用水会伤及你们时,教律为你们规定:在因生病或缺水的情况下,可用土净替代水净。这是真主给予你们此的恩典,但愿你们感谢而不要背叛。
5:7Page 108
وَٱذۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَةَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَمِيثَٰقَهُ ٱلَّذِي وَاثَقَكُم بِهِۦٓ إِذۡ قُلۡتُمۡ سَمِعۡنَا وَأَطَعۡنَاۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ٧
And remember the favor of Allāh upon you and His covenant with which He bound you when you said, "We hear and we obey"; and fear Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is Knowing of that within the breasts.
你们应谨记真主所赐的恩典,祂将伊斯兰作为对你们的指引。应谨记你们和祂缔结的盟约,当你们与先知(愿主福安之)宣誓无论愿意与否都会对他顺服和听从时,你们说:“我们听从你的话语,服从你的命令。”你们应以遵循真主命令-其中包括履行诺言-远离真主禁令而敬畏真主。的确,真主彻知你们心中所想,祂洞察万物。
5:8Page 108
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ كُونُواْ قَوَّٰمِينَ لِلَّهِ شُهَدَآءَ بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۖ وَلَا يَجۡرِمَنَّكُمۡ شَنَـَٔانُ قَوۡمٍ عَلَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَعۡدِلُواْۚ ٱعۡدِلُواْ هُوَ أَقۡرَبُ لِلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ٨
O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm for Allāh, witnesses in justice, and do not let the hatred of a people prevent you from being just. Be just; that is nearer to righteousness. And fear Allāh; indeed, Allāh is [fully] Aware of what you do.
信仰真主和其使者的信士们啊!你们当为寻求真主的喜悦而维护祂的权利,当秉公作证,不做伪证,也不怕得罪他人而放弃公道,故要求对待朋友和敌人都应秉持公道。公道是最近于对真主的敬畏,虚假最近于对真主的胆大妄为。你们当以遵循真主的命令,放弃真主禁令而敬畏真主。祂对于你们是全知的,你们的任何行为都无法隐瞒祂,祂将以此报偿你们。
5:9Page 108
وَعَدَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ لَهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ وَأَجۡرٌ عَظِيمٞ ٩
Allāh has promised those who believe and do righteous deeds [that] for them there is forgiveness and great reward.
真主-祂是遵守信诺的-允诺信仰真主和其使者,并且立行善功之人得以赦宥,并厚报他们,那就是进入乐园。
5:10Page 109
وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَكَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَحِيمِ ١٠
But those who disbelieve and deny Our signs - those are the companions of Hellfire.
不信仰真主,否认真主迹象者,这等人是火狱的居民,这是对他们的不信道和否认的惩罚,火狱如同其伴侣,与他们形影不离。
5:11Page 109
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱذۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ إِذۡ هَمَّ قَوۡمٌ أَن يَبۡسُطُوٓاْ إِلَيۡكُمۡ أَيۡدِيَهُمۡ فَكَفَّ أَيۡدِيَهُمۡ عَنكُمۡۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١١
O you who have believed, remember the favor of Allāh upon you when a people determined to extend their hands [in aggression] against you, but He withheld their hands from you; and fear Allāh. And upon Allāh let the believers rely.
信道的人们啊!你们应在心中和口中谨记真主恩赐你们的恩典,当你们的敌人欲对你们动武时,真主为你们降下安宁,为他们降下恐惧。真主为你们抵御了他们的迫害,并保护了你们。故你们当以遵循祂的命令,远离祂的禁令而敬畏祂。让信士们在获得他们今世和宗教利益上只信托于真主吧!
5:12Page 109
۞ وَلَقَدۡ أَخَذَ ٱللَّهُ مِيثَٰقَ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ وَبَعَثۡنَا مِنۡهُمُ ٱثۡنَيۡ عَشَرَ نَقِيبٗاۖ وَقَالَ ٱللَّهُ إِنِّي مَعَكُمۡۖ لَئِنۡ أَقَمۡتُمُ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَيۡتُمُ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَءَامَنتُم بِرُسُلِي وَعَزَّرۡتُمُوهُمۡ وَأَقۡرَضۡتُمُ ٱللَّهَ قَرۡضًا حَسَنٗا لَّأُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنكُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتِكُمۡ وَلَأُدۡخِلَنَّكُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُۚ فَمَن كَفَرَ بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ مِنكُمۡ فَقَدۡ ضَلَّ سَوَآءَ ٱلسَّبِيلِ ١٢
And Allāh had already taken a covenant from the Children of Israel, and We delegated from among them twelve leaders. And Allāh said, "I am with you. If you establish prayer and give zakāh and believe in My messengers and support them and loan Allāh a goodly loan,1 I will surely remove from you your misdeeds and admit you to gardens beneath which rivers flow. But whoever of you disbelieves after that has certainly strayed from the soundness of the way."
真主已与以色列的后裔缔结了盟约,将在不久会提到这些。祂为他们选派了十二名首领,每位首领监管他的部下。真主对以色列的后裔说:“我确以胜利和援助而与你们同在。如果你们以完美形式完成拜功,出纳天课,不加区分的信仰众使者,尊崇他们,协助他们并乐善好施,如果你们能做到这些,那我就赦宥你们所犯的过错,在复活日使你们进入下临诸河的乐园。谁在缔约后不信道,他已明知故犯的迷失了正道。”
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فَبِمَا نَقۡضِهِم مِّيثَٰقَهُمۡ لَعَنَّٰهُمۡ وَجَعَلۡنَا قُلُوبَهُمۡ قَٰسِيَةٗۖ يُحَرِّفُونَ ٱلۡكَلِمَ عَن مَّوَاضِعِهِۦ وَنَسُواْ حَظّٗا مِّمَّا ذُكِّرُواْ بِهِۦۚ وَلَا تَزَالُ تَطَّلِعُ عَلَىٰ خَآئِنَةٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا مِّنۡهُمۡۖ فَٱعۡفُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَٱصۡفَحۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٣
So for their breaking of the covenant We cursed them and made their hearts hardened. They distort words from their [proper] places [i.e., usages] and have forgotten a portion of that of which they were reminded.1 And you will still observe deceit among them, except a few of them. But pardon them and overlook [their misdeeds]. Indeed, Allāh loves the doers of good.
因为他们背弃了缔结的盟约,我使他们远离我的慈恩,并使他们的心变得坚硬,良善不抵其心,双耳不闻良言;他们篡改经文,将部分语句替换成其它单词,并随心所欲的注解其意;他们放弃了部分主命的善功。使者啊!他们中除很少一部分人仍信守承诺外,你会常常看到他们背叛真主和众信士们。你要宽宥他们,原谅他们,与他们交好。那就是至善,真主确是喜爱行善之人。
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وَمِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا نَصَٰرَىٰٓ أَخَذۡنَا مِيثَٰقَهُمۡ فَنَسُواْ حَظّٗا مِّمَّا ذُكِّرُواْ بِهِۦ فَأَغۡرَيۡنَا بَيۡنَهُمُ ٱلۡعَدَاوَةَ وَٱلۡبَغۡضَآءَ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ وَسَوۡفَ يُنَبِّئُهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَصۡنَعُونَ ١٤
And from those who say, "We are Christians" We took their covenant; but they forgot a portion of that of which they were reminded.1 So We caused among them2 animosity and hatred until the Day of Resurrection. And Allāh is going to inform them about what they used to do.
我已与犹太教徒、与自称是追随尔萨的基督教徒缔结了盟约,但他们像其先辈犹太教徒那样放弃了部分所缔结的盟约。故我在他们之间播下争斗和憎恶的种子,直到复活日,因此他们相互仇杀,相互否认。真主将告知他们的所作所为,并以此报偿他们。
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يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ قَدۡ جَآءَكُمۡ رَسُولُنَا يُبَيِّنُ لَكُمۡ كَثِيرٗا مِّمَّا كُنتُمۡ تُخۡفُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ وَيَعۡفُواْ عَن كَثِيرٖۚ قَدۡ جَآءَكُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ نُورٞ وَكِتَٰبٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٥
O People of the Scripture, there has come to you Our Messenger making clear to you much of what you used to conceal of the Scripture and overlooking much.1 There has come to you from Allāh a light and a clear Book [i.e., the Qur’ān]
信奉天经的犹太教徒《讨拉特》的民众啊!信奉天经的基督教徒《引支勒》的民众啊!我的使者穆罕默德(愿主福安之)确已来临你们,向你们阐明在降示给你们的天经中,你们所隐匿的许多事情,并放弃许多除你们揭露的以外毫无利害的经文。降示给你们的《古兰经》确是来自于真主的一部经典,它是一道能照亮的光明,是为所需者能详述他们今后两世事务的一部明确的经典。
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يَهۡدِي بِهِ ٱللَّهُ مَنِ ٱتَّبَعَ رِضۡوَٰنَهُۥ سُبُلَ ٱلسَّلَٰمِ وَيُخۡرِجُهُم مِّنَ ٱلظُّلُمَٰتِ إِلَى ٱلنُّورِ بِإِذۡنِهِۦ وَيَهۡدِيهِمۡ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ ١٦
By which Allāh guides those who pursue His pleasure to the ways of peace1 and brings them out from darknesses into the light, by His permission, and guides them to a straight path.
真主以这部经典引导祂所喜悦的信道且行善之人走上平安的正道,远离真主的惩罚。这是通往乐园的道路,它使人们从不信道、违背真主的黑暗走向信仰和服从真主的信仰之中,真主护佑他们走上端庄大道,即伊斯兰的道路。
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لَّقَدۡ كَفَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلۡمَسِيحُ ٱبۡنُ مَرۡيَمَۚ قُلۡ فَمَن يَمۡلِكُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيۡـًٔا إِنۡ أَرَادَ أَن يُهۡلِكَ ٱلۡمَسِيحَ ٱبۡنَ مَرۡيَمَ وَأُمَّهُۥ وَمَن فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗاۗ وَلِلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَاۚ يَخۡلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ١٧
They have certainly disbelieved who say that Allāh is Christ, the son of Mary. Say, "Then who could prevent Allāh at all if He had intended to destroy Christ, the son of Mary, or his mother or everyone on the earth?" And to Allāh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them. He creates what He wills, and Allāh is over all things competent.
基督教徒中妄言真主就是麦尔彦之子麦西哈尔萨之人确已不信道了,使者啊!你对他们说:“如果真主欲毁灭麦西哈尔萨·麦尔彦、毁灭他的母亲以及大地上的所有人类,谁又有能力阻拦祂呢?”如果没有人能够做到,那么就能证明真主是独一的主,而其他人,包括尔萨·麦尔彦,和他的母亲,以及所有人都是真主的被造物,真主拥有天地及其间的一切王权,祂创造祂所意欲的。而祂的被造物:尔萨,是祂的仆人和使者,真主对于万事是全能的。
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وَقَالَتِ ٱلۡيَهُودُ وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰ نَحۡنُ أَبۡنَٰٓؤُاْ ٱللَّهِ وَأَحِبَّٰٓؤُهُۥۚ قُلۡ فَلِمَ يُعَذِّبُكُم بِذُنُوبِكُمۖ بَلۡ أَنتُم بَشَرٞ مِّمَّنۡ خَلَقَۚ يَغۡفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُۚ وَلِلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَاۖ وَإِلَيۡهِ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ١٨
But the Jews and the Christians say, "We are the children of Allāh and His beloved." Say, "Then why does He punish you for your sins?" Rather, you are human beings from among those He has created. He forgives whom He wills, and He punishes whom He wills. And to Allāh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them, and to Him is the [final] destination.
犹太教徒和基督教徒都自称自己是真主的儿子和挚爱。使者啊!你反驳他们说:“那为什么真主还会因你们所犯之罪而惩治你们呢?如果正如你们所说,是真主的挚爱,那么,祂在今世就不会惩处你们,使你们遭受敌人的杀戮并改变样貌,在后世而进入火狱。因为真主不惩治祂的挚爱的。”其实,你们也像其他人一样,也是普通的人类。谁行善,真主必回报他入乐园,谁作恶,必惩罚他入火狱。真主以祂的恩惠赦宥祂所意欲之人,以祂的公正惩罚祂所意欲之人,真主拥有天地及天地间的一切王权,祂是最后的归宿。
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يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ قَدۡ جَآءَكُمۡ رَسُولُنَا يُبَيِّنُ لَكُمۡ عَلَىٰ فَتۡرَةٖ مِّنَ ٱلرُّسُلِ أَن تَقُولُواْ مَا جَآءَنَا مِنۢ بَشِيرٖ وَلَا نَذِيرٖۖ فَقَدۡ جَآءَكُم بَشِيرٞ وَنَذِيرٞۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ١٩
O People of the Scripture, there has come to you Our Messenger to make clear to you [the religion] after a period [of suspension] of messengers, lest you say, "There came not to us any bringer of good tidings or a warner." But there has come to you a bringer of good tidings and a warner. And Allāh is over all things competent.
信奉天经的犹太教徒和基督教徒啊!当中断派遣列使,人们迫切需要之时,我的使者穆罕默德(愿主福安之)确已来临你们,以免你们借口说:“没有任何一位向我们报喜真主的回赐,警告我们真主惩罚的报喜者和警告者来临我们。”穆罕默德(愿主福安之)就是来临你们的报喜者和警告者。真主对于万事是全能的,祂有能力派遣使者,祂使穆罕默德(愿主福安之)成为封印万圣的使者。
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وَإِذۡ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِۦ يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱذۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَةَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ إِذۡ جَعَلَ فِيكُمۡ أَنۢبِيَآءَ وَجَعَلَكُم مُّلُوكٗا وَءَاتَىٰكُم مَّا لَمۡ يُؤۡتِ أَحَدٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٢٠
And [mention, O Muḥammad], when Moses said to his people, "O my people, remember the favor of Allāh upon you when He appointed among you prophets and made you possessors1 and gave you that which He had not given anyone among the worlds.
使者啊!你应谨记:当时,穆萨对以色列的后裔中的宗族们说:“我的宗族啊!你们应在心中、口中谨记真主赐予你们的恩典。当时,祂在你们中派遣了许多先知,召唤你们走上正道;你们曾是被奴役的奴隶,是祂使你们当家作主;并把同时代中未曾给予过众世界任何人的恩典给予了你们。”
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يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ ٱلۡمُقَدَّسَةَ ٱلَّتِي كَتَبَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ وَلَا تَرۡتَدُّواْ عَلَىٰٓ أَدۡبَارِكُمۡ فَتَنقَلِبُواْ خَٰسِرِينَ ٢١
O my people, enter the blessed land [i.e., Palestine] which Allāh has assigned to you and do not turn back [from fighting in Allāh's cause] and [thus] become losers."
穆萨说:“我的宗族啊!你们当进入真主允诺你们进入的圣地(耶路撒冷和它周边),与城内的不信道者征战,你们不可在暴虐者面前失败,那样,你们将在今后两世成为亏折之人。”
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قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّ فِيهَا قَوۡمٗا جَبَّارِينَ وَإِنَّا لَن نَّدۡخُلَهَا حَتَّىٰ يَخۡرُجُواْ مِنۡهَا فَإِن يَخۡرُجُواْ مِنۡهَا فَإِنَّا دَٰخِلُونَ ٢٢
They said, "O Moses, indeed within it is a people of tyrannical strength, and indeed, we will never enter it until they leave it; but if they leave it, then we will enter."
他的宗族们对他说:“穆萨啊!圣地中有一伙力大无比,很强势的宗族,他们阻止我们进入圣地。这伙人若一直在里面不出来,我们是绝不会进去的。我们是无能力征杀他们的,如果他们出来,我们必定进去。”
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قَالَ رَجُلَانِ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ أَنۡعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمَا ٱدۡخُلُواْ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡبَابَ فَإِذَا دَخَلۡتُمُوهُ فَإِنَّكُمۡ غَٰلِبُونَۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَتَوَكَّلُوٓاْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ٢٣
Said two men from those who feared [to disobey] upon whom Allāh had bestowed favor, "Enter upon them through the gate, for when you have entered it, you will be predominant.1 And upon Allāh rely, if you should be believers."
穆萨的同伴中有两名敬畏真主,害怕真主惩罚之人,他俩蒙真主恩惠,鼓励他们的民众听从穆萨的命令说:“你们从城门进攻这些暴虐之人吧,如果你们从城门进攻,你们凭借真主的允诺将会战胜他们,信仰真主并做好备战准备是获取胜利的关键,你们只应信托真主,如果你们是真正的信士,信仰必须与信托真主联系在一起。”
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قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنَّا لَن نَّدۡخُلَهَآ أَبَدٗا مَّا دَامُواْ فِيهَا فَٱذۡهَبۡ أَنتَ وَرَبُّكَ فَقَٰتِلَآ إِنَّا هَٰهُنَا قَٰعِدُونَ ٢٤
They said, "O Moses, indeed we will not enter it, ever, as long as they are within it; so go, you and your Lord, and fight. Indeed, we are remaining right here."
以色列的后裔中穆萨的宗族仍坚持违反他们的先知穆萨的命令,他们说:“这伙暴虐者一日在城里,我们就一日不进城中。穆萨啊!你与你的养主进去,你们俩去作战吧!至于我们就待在原处,不与你们俩作战了。”
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قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لَآ أَمۡلِكُ إِلَّا نَفۡسِي وَأَخِيۖ فَٱفۡرُقۡ بَيۡنَنَا وَبَيۡنَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ ٢٥
[Moses] said, "My Lord, indeed I do not possess [i.e., control] except myself and my brother, so part us1 from the defiantly disobedient people."
穆萨祈求他的养主说:“我的主啊!除我和我哥哥哈伦以外,我调遣不了任何人。求你将我们与违背你和你使者命令的犯罪的民众分开吧!”
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قَالَ فَإِنَّهَا مُحَرَّمَةٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡۛ أَرۡبَعِينَ سَنَةٗۛ يَتِيهُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ فَلَا تَأۡسَ عَلَى ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ ٢٦
[Allāh] said, "Then indeed, it is forbidden to them for forty years [in which] they will wander throughout the land. So do not grieve over the defiantly disobedient people."
真主对祂的先知穆萨说:“真主禁止以色列的后裔进入圣地四十年,在这期间他们将在沙漠中流离失所,漂泊不定。穆萨啊!你不要为违背真主命令之人感到遗憾,他们所受的惩罚,是对他们所行罪恶的惩处。”
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۞ وَٱتۡلُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ نَبَأَ ٱبۡنَيۡ ءَادَمَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ إِذۡ قَرَّبَا قُرۡبَانٗا فَتُقُبِّلَ مِنۡ أَحَدِهِمَا وَلَمۡ يُتَقَبَّلۡ مِنَ ٱلۡأٓخَرِ قَالَ لَأَقۡتُلَنَّكَۖ قَالَ إِنَّمَا يَتَقَبَّلُ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٢٧
And recite to them the story of Adam's two sons, in truth, when they both made an offering [to Allāh], and it was accepted from one of them but was not accepted from the other. Said [the latter], "I will surely kill you." Said [the former], "Indeed, Allāh only accepts from the righteous [who fear Him].
使者啊!你当对这些嫉妒怀恨、不义的犹太教徒据实地、明了地讲述阿丹的两个儿子的故事。他俩是嘎比利和哈比利。当时,他俩为接近真主,各献一件祭物。真主接受了哈比利奉献的祭物,因为他是名敬畏者;没有接受嘎比利的祭物,因为他不是敬畏者。嘎比利嫉妒哈比利的祭物被接受,就说:“哈比利呀!我定要杀了你。”哈比利说:“真主只接受遵循祂的命令,远离祂的禁令的敬畏者的祭物。
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لَئِنۢ بَسَطتَ إِلَيَّ يَدَكَ لِتَقۡتُلَنِي مَآ أَنَا۠ بِبَاسِطٖ يَدِيَ إِلَيۡكَ لِأَقۡتُلَكَۖ إِنِّيٓ أَخَافُ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٢٨
If you should raise your hand toward me to kill me - I shall not raise my hand toward you to kill you. Indeed, I fear Allāh, Lord of the worlds.
如果你要杀了我,我绝不会以你的所为而报复你。这不是因为我胆小,而是我畏惧真主,万物的养主。”
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إِنِّيٓ أُرِيدُ أَن تَبُوٓأَ بِإِثۡمِي وَإِثۡمِكَ فَتَكُونَ مِنۡ أَصۡحَٰبِ ٱلنَّارِۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَٰٓؤُاْ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٢٩
Indeed, I want you to obtain [thereby] my sin and your sin so you will be among the companions of the Fire. And that is the recompense of wrongdoers."
他厉声的对他说:“我想让你承担不义的杀害我的罪责,以及你之前所犯的罪过,那你就会成为复活日进入火狱的居民,那是对过分之人的报偿。我不想担负杀你的罪责,那样我就会成为他们中的一员。”
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فَطَوَّعَتۡ لَهُۥ نَفۡسُهُۥ قَتۡلَ أَخِيهِ فَقَتَلَهُۥ فَأَصۡبَحَ مِنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ٣٠
And his soul permitted to him1 the murder of his brother, so he killed him and became among the losers.
嘎比利邪恶的私欲撺掇他不义的去杀他的弟弟哈比利,于是他杀了他,因此他变成了一个今后两世都亏折之人。
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فَبَعَثَ ٱللَّهُ غُرَابٗا يَبۡحَثُ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ لِيُرِيَهُۥ كَيۡفَ يُوَٰرِي سَوۡءَةَ أَخِيهِۚ قَالَ يَٰوَيۡلَتَىٰٓ أَعَجَزۡتُ أَنۡ أَكُونَ مِثۡلَ هَٰذَا ٱلۡغُرَابِ فَأُوَٰرِيَ سَوۡءَةَ أَخِيۖ فَأَصۡبَحَ مِنَ ٱلنَّٰدِمِينَ ٣١
Then Allāh sent a crow searching [i.e., scratching] in the ground to show him how to hide the disgrace1 of his brother. He said, "O woe to me! Have I failed to be like this crow and hide the disgrace [i.e., body] of my brother?" And he became of the regretful.
真主派遣了一只乌鸦在他面前掘地,来掩埋另一只乌鸦的尸体,以便教授他怎样掩埋他弟弟的尸体。于是,他变得悔恨交加。
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مِنۡ أَجۡلِ ذَٰلِكَ كَتَبۡنَا عَلَىٰ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ أَنَّهُۥ مَن قَتَلَ نَفۡسَۢا بِغَيۡرِ نَفۡسٍ أَوۡ فَسَادٖ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعٗا وَمَنۡ أَحۡيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَآ أَحۡيَا ٱلنَّاسَ جَمِيعٗاۚ وَلَقَدۡ جَآءَتۡهُمۡ رُسُلُنَا بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُم بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ لَمُسۡرِفُونَ ٣٢
Because of that, We decreed upon the Children of Israel that whoever kills a soul unless for a soul1 or for corruption [done] in the land2 - it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one3 - it is as if he had saved mankind entirely. And Our messengers had certainly come to them with clear proofs. Then indeed many of them, [even] after that, throughout the land, were transgressors.4
因为嘎比利弑兄事件,我让以色列的后裔知道;除因触及刑律或平定叛乱外,谁枉杀一人,就如杀死众人,因为他不分无辜者和罪犯;谁阻止了真主所禁止的枉杀他人,并确信生命神圣不可侵犯而救活一人,如救活众人。因为他的初衷是让所有人都能得以平安。我的众使者确已带着明证和明显的迹象来临以色列的后裔,即使这样,他们中的很多人仍以作恶多端和违背使者命令而僭越真主的法度。
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إِنَّمَا جَزَٰٓؤُاْ ٱلَّذِينَ يُحَارِبُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَيَسۡعَوۡنَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَسَادًا أَن يُقَتَّلُوٓاْ أَوۡ يُصَلَّبُوٓاْ أَوۡ تُقَطَّعَ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَأَرۡجُلُهُم مِّنۡ خِلَٰفٍ أَوۡ يُنفَوۡاْ مِنَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ ذَٰلِكَ لَهُمۡ خِزۡيٞ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَاۖ وَلَهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ ٣٣
Indeed, the penalty1 for those who wage war2 against Allāh and His Messenger and strive upon earth [to cause] corruption is none but that they be killed or crucified or that their hands and feet be cut off from opposite sides or that they be exiled from the land. That is for them a disgrace in this world; and for them in the Hereafter is a great punishment,
对真主和祂的使者宣战、并敌视他们,且在大地上滥杀无辜、劫道抢钱者,他们的报偿就是处以死刑,或绞刑,或砍掉他们的右手与左脚。如若再犯,就砍掉他们的左手与右脚,或驱逐出境。这是他们在今世所受的凌辱,在后世,他们将得到严厉的惩罚。
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إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ تَابُواْ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن تَقۡدِرُواْ عَلَيۡهِمۡۖ فَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٣٤
Except for those who return [repenting] before you overcome [i.e., apprehend] them. And know that Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
掌事之人啊!除非在你们惩处他们之前确已悔过自新者,你们应知道真主对于忏悔之人确是至恕的,至慈的。他的仁慈中包括了免除对他们的惩罚。
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَٱبۡتَغُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِ ٱلۡوَسِيلَةَ وَجَٰهِدُواْ فِي سَبِيلِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ ٣٥
O you who have believed, fear Allāh and seek the means [of nearness] to Him and strive in His cause that you may succeed.
信道的人们啊!你们应以遵循真主的命令,远离真主禁令而敬畏祂、应履行所受命的,远离所禁止的而去接近祂、应为追求主的喜悦而为主道奋斗。但愿你们心随所愿,远离心所畏惧之事。
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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوۡ أَنَّ لَهُم مَّا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗا وَمِثۡلَهُۥ مَعَهُۥ لِيَفۡتَدُواْ بِهِۦ مِنۡ عَذَابِ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ مَا تُقُبِّلَ مِنۡهُمۡۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ٣٦
Indeed, those who disbelieve - if they should have all that is in the earth and the like of it with it by which to ransom themselves from the punishment of the Day of Resurrection, it will not be accepted from them, and for them is a painful punishment.
否认真主和其使者之人,假若他们中的每个人都拥有大地上的一切财富,并翻倍,在复活日,也无法赎取真主对他们的惩罚。真主不会接受他们的赎金,他们将得到痛苦的惩罚。
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يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَخۡرُجُواْ مِنَ ٱلنَّارِ وَمَا هُم بِخَٰرِجِينَ مِنۡهَاۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ مُّقِيمٞ ٣٧
They will wish to get out of the Fire, but never are they to emerge therefrom, and for them is an enduring punishment.
当他们进入火狱后想从中出来,绝不会释放他们!他们绝不会出来,他们将受到永恒的惩罚。
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وَٱلسَّارِقُ وَٱلسَّارِقَةُ فَٱقۡطَعُوٓاْ أَيۡدِيَهُمَا جَزَآءَۢ بِمَا كَسَبَا نَكَٰلٗا مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٞ ٣٨
[As for] the thief, the male and the female, amputate their hands in recompense for what they earned [i.e., committed] as a deterrent [punishment] from Allāh. And Allāh is Exalted in Might and Wise.
法官啊!对于偷盗的男女,当砍掉他们的右手以示惩戒,这是真主对于非法侵占他人者的惩处,是对于他俩和对其他人的警示,真主是万能的,是战无不胜的,祂的裁定和律法确是至睿的。
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فَمَن تَابَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ظُلۡمِهِۦ وَأَصۡلَحَ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَتُوبُ عَلَيۡهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٌ ٣٩
But whoever repents after his wrongdoing and reforms, indeed, Allāh will turn to him in forgiveness. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
谁在偷盗之后悔过自新,真主必以恩慈赦宥他,因为真主对忏悔者确是至恕的,至慈的。但是如果将罪犯移交到司法部门,就不会因他的忏悔而免除对他的惩罚。
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أَلَمۡ تَعۡلَمۡ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَهُۥ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ يُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ وَيَغۡفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ٤٠
Do you not know that to Allāh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth? He punishes whom He wills and forgives whom He wills, and Allāh is over all things competent.
使者啊!你确已知道,真主是拥有天地王权的主宰,祂按照自己的意欲在天地间行使王权,祂以祂的公正惩罚祂所意欲之人,祂以祂的恩惠饶恕祂所意欲之人,真主对于万事是全能的,祂无所不能。
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۞ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلرَّسُولُ لَا يَحۡزُنكَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِي ٱلۡكُفۡرِ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِأَفۡوَٰهِهِمۡ وَلَمۡ تُؤۡمِن قُلُوبُهُمۡۛ وَمِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْۛ سَمَّٰعُونَ لِلۡكَذِبِ سَمَّٰعُونَ لِقَوۡمٍ ءَاخَرِينَ لَمۡ يَأۡتُوكَۖ يُحَرِّفُونَ ٱلۡكَلِمَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَوَاضِعِهِۦۖ يَقُولُونَ إِنۡ أُوتِيتُمۡ هَٰذَا فَخُذُوهُ وَإِن لَّمۡ تُؤۡتَوۡهُ فَٱحۡذَرُواْۚ وَمَن يُرِدِ ٱللَّهُ فِتۡنَتَهُۥ فَلَن تَمۡلِكَ لَهُۥ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيۡـًٔاۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يُرِدِ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُطَهِّرَ قُلُوبَهُمۡۚ لَهُمۡ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا خِزۡيٞۖ وَلَهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ ٤١
O Messenger, let them not grieve you who hasten into disbelief – of those who say, "We believe" with their mouths, but their hearts believe not, and from among the Jews. [They are] avid listeners to falsehood, listening to another people who have not come to you.1 They distort words beyond their [proper] places [i.e., usages], saying, "If you are given this,2 take it; but if you are not given it, then beware." But he for whom Allāh intends fitnah3 - never will you possess [power to do] for him a thing against Allāh. Those are the ones for whom Allāh does not intend to purify their hearts. For them in this world is disgrace, and for them in the Hereafter is a great punishment.
使者啊!你不要对争相叛道之人而感到忧伤,乃至于那些表面信仰而内心不信道的伪信士惹恼你;也不要对好听大人物的谎言,并对他们言听计从的犹太教徒而感到忧伤,他们将传闻传达给未曾与你谋面的首领们,这些人将真主降示的《讨拉特》随心所欲的篡改,并对追随者说:“如果穆罕默德的判断符合你们的私欲,就追随他;如果违反,你们就警惕他。”使者啊!真主欲使谁迷误,你绝替他找不到避免迷误,使他走上正道之人。具有这些特点的犹太教徒和伪信士,真主不欲洗涤他们内心的不信道,他们在今世将受到凌辱和鄙视,在后世将受到重大的刑罚,那就是火狱的刑罚。”
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سَمَّٰعُونَ لِلۡكَذِبِ أَكَّٰلُونَ لِلسُّحۡتِۚ فَإِن جَآءُوكَ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَهُمۡ أَوۡ أَعۡرِضۡ عَنۡهُمۡۖ وَإِن تُعۡرِضۡ عَنۡهُمۡ فَلَن يَضُرُّوكَ شَيۡـٔٗاۖ وَإِنۡ حَكَمۡتَ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَهُم بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُقۡسِطِينَ ٤٢
[They are] avid listeners to falsehood, devourers of [what is] unlawful. So if they come to you, [O Muḥammad], judge between them or turn away from them. And if you turn away from them - never will they harm you at all. And if you judge, judge between them with justice. Indeed, Allāh loves those who act justly.
这些犹太教徒,大多数人偏听谣言,大多数人吞食非法的钱财如高利贷。使者啊!如果他们寻求你的判决,如果你愿意,就执行,或可拒绝他们,你有权在两者间加以选择。如果你放弃对他们的裁决,他们绝不会伤害到你;如果裁决,即使他们是不义的,是充满敌意之人,你仍应秉公执法。真主确是喜欢秉公执法者,即使被裁决之人是执法者的敌人。
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وَكَيۡفَ يُحَكِّمُونَكَ وَعِندَهُمُ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةُ فِيهَا حُكۡمُ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ يَتَوَلَّوۡنَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَۚ وَمَآ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ بِٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٤٣
But how is it that they come to you for judgement while they have the Torah, in which is the judgement of Allāh? Then they turn away, [even] after that; but those are not [in fact] believers.
这些人好奇怪啊!他们否认你,并自称信仰的《讨拉特》中就有真主的律例,却期望你的裁决能符合他们的私欲。如果你的判决不符合他们的私欲,他们就会违背而弃之。他们集否认经典,并拒绝你的裁决为一体。他们的行径不是信士的行为。那么,他们就不是信仰你及信仰你所带来的经典的信士。
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إِنَّآ أَنزَلۡنَا ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةَ فِيهَا هُدٗى وَنُورٞۚ يَحۡكُمُ بِهَا ٱلنَّبِيُّونَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَسۡلَمُواْ لِلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ وَٱلرَّبَّٰنِيُّونَ وَٱلۡأَحۡبَارُ بِمَا ٱسۡتُحۡفِظُواْ مِن كِتَٰبِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَانُواْ عَلَيۡهِ شُهَدَآءَۚ فَلَا تَخۡشَوُاْ ٱلنَّاسَ وَٱخۡشَوۡنِ وَلَا تَشۡتَرُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِي ثَمَنٗا قَلِيلٗاۚ وَمَن لَّمۡ يَحۡكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ ٤٤
Indeed, We sent down the Torah, in which was guidance and light. The prophets who submitted [to Allāh] judged by it for the Jews, as did the rabbis and scholars by that with which they were entrusted of the Scripture of Allāh, and they were witnesses thereto. So do not fear the people but fear Me, and do not exchange My verses for a small price [i.e., worldly gain]. And whoever does not judge by what Allāh has revealed - then it is those who are the disbelievers.
我确已将《讨拉特》降示给穆萨,其中有明示、有导人行善的明证和璀璨的光明。顺从真主的以色列的后裔中的众先知依照它来裁决,奉主命保护经典的教书育人的众学者和教法学家们也依照它来裁决,真主使他们忠实于经典,并保护经典免遭篡改。他们见证这部经典确是真理,世人依照经典判断自己的事务。犹太教徒啊!你们不要畏惧世人,应只畏惧我,不要用微薄的代价,如权利或荣誉或钱财来替换真主所降示的律法,谁不按照真主降示的启示去裁决或优先采纳或将它与经典等同,那这些人就是真正的不信道者。
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وَكَتَبۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ فِيهَآ أَنَّ ٱلنَّفۡسَ بِٱلنَّفۡسِ وَٱلۡعَيۡنَ بِٱلۡعَيۡنِ وَٱلۡأَنفَ بِٱلۡأَنفِ وَٱلۡأُذُنَ بِٱلۡأُذُنِ وَٱلسِّنَّ بِٱلسِّنِّ وَٱلۡجُرُوحَ قِصَاصٞۚ فَمَن تَصَدَّقَ بِهِۦ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٞ لَّهُۥۚ وَمَن لَّمۡ يَحۡكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ ٤٥
And We ordained for them therein a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and for wounds is legal retribution. But whoever gives [up his right as] charity, it is an expiation for him. And whoever does not judge by what Allāh has revealed - then it is those who are the wrongdoers [i.e., the unjust].
我在《讨拉特》里规定犹太教徒:谁故意非法的杀害他人并致其死亡,以命抵命;以眼偿眼;以鼻偿鼻;以耳偿耳;以牙还牙。为他们制定:一切创伤,都要抵偿。自愿宽恕罪犯者,他的宽恕就是对罪犯过错的饶恕,是对他的不义行为的原谅。凡不依照真主降示的刑法律例或其它律例来裁决,那他已僭越了真主的法度。
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وَقَفَّيۡنَا عَلَىٰٓ ءَاثَٰرِهِم بِعِيسَى ٱبۡنِ مَرۡيَمَ مُصَدِّقٗا لِّمَا بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ مِنَ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةِۖ وَءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ ٱلۡإِنجِيلَ فِيهِ هُدٗى وَنُورٞ وَمُصَدِّقٗا لِّمَا بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ مِنَ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةِ وَهُدٗى وَمَوۡعِظَةٗ لِّلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٤٦
And We sent, following in their footsteps,1 Jesus, the son of Mary, confirming that which came before him in the Torah; and We gave him the Gospel, in which was guidance and light and confirming that which preceded it of the Torah as guidance and instruction for the righteous.
在派遣了以色列后裔中的众先知之后,我派遣了尔萨·本·麦尔彦,他笃信《讨拉特》并依它来判决。我给予他了《引支勒》,这部经典中包含正信、去伪存真、能够处理并解决难题,与在他之前降示的《讨拉特》中除少量已被废除的教律外,基本吻合。我使《引支勒》成为导人向善的明证和警示他人犯罪的劝谏。
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وَلۡيَحۡكُمۡ أَهۡلُ ٱلۡإِنجِيلِ بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فِيهِۚ وَمَن لَّمۡ يَحۡكُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ٤٧
And let the People of the Gospel judge by what Allāh has revealed therein. And whoever does not judge by what Allāh has revealed - then it is those who are the defiantly disobedient.
让基督教徒信仰真主降示的《引支勒》,让他们以降示的律例而判决-这部经典是在派遣穆罕默德(愿主福安之)为圣之前所降示的真理-凡不依照它来判决,确已违背了真主的命令,放弃真理并走上迷误。
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وَأَنزَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡكَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ مُصَدِّقٗا لِّمَا بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ مِنَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ وَمُهَيۡمِنًا عَلَيۡهِۖ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَهُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ أَهۡوَآءَهُمۡ عَمَّا جَآءَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡحَقِّۚ لِكُلّٖ جَعَلۡنَا مِنكُمۡ شِرۡعَةٗ وَمِنۡهَاجٗاۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَجَعَلَكُمۡ أُمَّةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ وَلَٰكِن لِّيَبۡلُوَكُمۡ فِي مَآ ءَاتَىٰكُمۡۖ فَٱسۡتَبِقُواْ ٱلۡخَيۡرَٰتِۚ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ مَرۡجِعُكُمۡ جَمِيعٗا فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ فِيهِ تَخۡتَلِفُونَ ٤٨
And We have revealed to you, [O Muḥammad], the Book [i.e., the Qur’ān] in truth, confirming that which preceded it of the Scripture and as a criterion over it. So judge between them by what Allāh has revealed and do not follow their inclinations away from what has come to you of the truth. To each of you We prescribed a law and a method.1 Had Allāh willed, He would have made you one nation [united in religion], but [He intended] to test you in what He has given you; so race to [all that is] good.2 To Allāh is your return all together, and He will [then] inform you concerning that over which you used to differ.
使者啊!我降示给你的这部《古兰经》,是毋庸置疑来自于真主的一部经典。它证实并监护在它之前所降示的经典,故与它的律例相吻合之事,就是真理;反之,则不然。故你当依照真主所降示的经典在世人之间做出判决,不要顺应他们的私欲而为之。我为每个民族制定了一种实践性教律和获得指引的明显方法。如果真主意欲,会以统一各民族来统一所有教律。但是祂却给每一个民族一种教律,以便考验他们谁是谁非。故你们当争相为善,放弃罪恶。所有人在复活日都将回归到真主那里,祂将告之你们所争论的是非缘由,并将以你们的行为来报偿。
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وَأَنِ ٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَهُم بِمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ أَهۡوَآءَهُمۡ وَٱحۡذَرۡهُمۡ أَن يَفۡتِنُوكَ عَنۢ بَعۡضِ مَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَيۡكَۖ فَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَٱعۡلَمۡ أَنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُصِيبَهُم بِبَعۡضِ ذُنُوبِهِمۡۗ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَفَٰسِقُونَ ٤٩
And judge, [O Muḥammad], between them by what Allāh has revealed and do not follow their inclinations and beware of them, lest they tempt you away from some of what Allāh has revealed to you. And if they turn away - then know that Allāh only intends to afflict them with some of their [own] sins. And indeed, many among the people are defiantly disobedient.
使者啊!你当依照真主降示给你的经典在他们之间做以判断,不要顺应源自他们私欲的各种建议,应警惕他们误导你违背真主所降示的部分经典。他们绝不会为主道而奋斗。若他们拒绝接受真主降示你的经典,那你当知道,真主欲以他们的部分罪责对他们进行今世的惩罚,在后世将对所有行为予以惩处,有很多人,确是违背真主之人。
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أَفَحُكۡمَ ٱلۡجَٰهِلِيَّةِ يَبۡغُونَۚ وَمَنۡ أَحۡسَنُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ حُكۡمٗا لِّقَوۡمٖ يُوقِنُونَ ٥٠
Then is it the judgement of [the time of] ignorance they desire? But who is better than Allāh in judgement for a people who are certain [in faith].
难道他们拒绝你的判决,而顺应私欲寻求蒙昧的偶像崇拜者的判决吗?在笃信真主,坚信降示给使者的经典之人看来,有谁能比真主更善于判决呢?愚昧和追随私欲之人只接受符合他的私欲之事,即使它是错误的。
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۞ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ ٱلۡيَهُودَ وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰٓ أَوۡلِيَآءَۘ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٖۚ وَمَن يَتَوَلَّهُم مِّنكُمۡ فَإِنَّهُۥ مِنۡهُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٥١
O you who have believed, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are [in fact] allies of one another. And whoever is an ally to them among you - then indeed, he is [one] of them. Indeed, Allāh guides not the wrongdoing people.
信仰真主和其使者的信士们啊!你们不要以犹太教徒和基督教徒做为可以信托的盟友。犹太教徒以他们同宗教之人为友,基督教徒也亦如此。这两伙人聚在一起共与你们为敌。你们中谁以他们为友,亦是他们中的一员,真主不指引不义之人,因为他们与不信道者为友。
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فَتَرَى ٱلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٞ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِيهِمۡ يَقُولُونَ نَخۡشَىٰٓ أَن تُصِيبَنَا دَآئِرَةٞۚ فَعَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَأۡتِيَ بِٱلۡفَتۡحِ أَوۡ أَمۡرٖ مِّنۡ عِندِهِۦ فَيُصۡبِحُواْ عَلَىٰ مَآ أَسَرُّواْ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ نَٰدِمِينَ ٥٢
So you see those in whose hearts is disease [i.e., hypocrisy] hastening into [association with] them, saying, "We are afraid a misfortune may strike us." But perhaps Allāh will bring conquest or a decision from Him, and they will become, over what they have been concealing within themselves, regretful.
使者啊!你看看信仰薄弱的伪信士,他们竞相与犹太教徒和基督教徒为友,他们说:“我们担心这些人获胜,并掌握权利,而迫使我们遭受其害。”也许真主将胜利恩赐于祂的使者和信士们,或从真主那里发出命令来抗衡犹太教徒的权利和其盟友。故这些竞相讨好他们的领袖之人因心中所隐匿的阴谋而变得悔恨交加,他们的善功将随之无效。
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وَيَقُولُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَهَٰٓؤُلَآءِ ٱلَّذِينَ أَقۡسَمُواْ بِٱللَّهِ جَهۡدَ أَيۡمَٰنِهِمۡ إِنَّهُمۡ لَمَعَكُمۡۚ حَبِطَتۡ أَعۡمَٰلُهُمۡ فَأَصۡبَحُواْ خَٰسِرِينَ ٥٣
And those who believe will say,1 "Are these the ones who swore by Allāh their strongest oaths that indeed they were with you?" Their deeds have become worthless, and they have become losers.
信士们对这些伪信士的情况感到很好奇地说:“这些就是曾强调自己的信仰而发誓:-信士们啊!-我们在信仰、胜利和盟约方面确与你们同在的人吗?”他们的善功是无效的,他们因目的不纯而变成亏折之人,真主为他们准备了惩罚。
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَن يَرۡتَدَّ مِنكُمۡ عَن دِينِهِۦ فَسَوۡفَ يَأۡتِي ٱللَّهُ بِقَوۡمٖ يُحِبُّهُمۡ وَيُحِبُّونَهُۥٓ أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ يُجَٰهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا يَخَافُونَ لَوۡمَةَ لَآئِمٖۚ ذَٰلِكَ فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ يُؤۡتِيهِ مَن يَشَآءُۚ وَٱللَّهُ وَٰسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ ٥٤
O you who have believed, whoever of you should revert from his religion - Allāh will bring forth [in place of them] a people He will love and who will love Him [who are] humble toward the believers, strong against the disbelievers; they strive in the cause of Allāh and do not fear the blame of a critic. That is the favor of Allāh; He bestows it upon whom He wills. And Allāh is all-Encompassing and Knowing.
信道的人们啊!你们中谁背叛宗教而回归到不信道中,那么,真主将以其他民众来替代他们。真主喜悦这些民众,他们以他们的公正也喜爱真主,他们对待信士是仁慈的,对待不信道者是严厉的,他们以财产和生命宣扬真主的宗教,为主道奋斗。他们不畏惧他人的非难,他们将真主的恩惠施予众生,那是真主给予祂所意欲之人的恩惠,真主是具有宏恩和良善的主,是全知谁值得获其恩惠而予以赞扬,谁不值得而予以禁止的主。
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إِنَّمَا وَلِيُّكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُۥ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَيُؤۡتُونَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَهُمۡ رَٰكِعُونَ ٥٥
Your ally is none but Allāh and [therefore] His Messenger and those who have believed - those who establish prayer and give zakāh, and they bow [in worship].
犹太教徒、基督教徒和除他们以外的不信道者都不应是你们的盟友。然而,你们的盟友只应是支持并援助你们的真主和祂的使者,以及完美的立行拜功,出纳天课的信士们,他们谦恭地顺服真主。
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وَمَن يَتَوَلَّ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فَإِنَّ حِزۡبَ ٱللَّهِ هُمُ ٱلۡغَٰلِبُونَ ٥٦
And whoever is an ally of Allāh and His Messenger and those who have believed - indeed, the party of Allāh - they will be the predominant.
谁以真主和其使者,以及信士们以胜利而结盟,那他就是真主的党羽,真主的党羽确是战无不胜的,因为真主是他们的援助者。
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُواْ دِينَكُمۡ هُزُوٗا وَلَعِبٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ وَٱلۡكُفَّارَ أَوۡلِيَآءَۚ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ٥٧
O you who have believed, take not those who have taken your religion in ridicule and amusement among the ones who were given the Scripture before you nor the disbelievers as allies. And fear Allāh, if you should [truly] be believers.
信道的人们啊!你们不要将在你们之前曾嘲讽并嬉戏你们宗教的信奉天经的犹太教徒、基督教徒以及以物配主者当做自己的盟友,你们应以放弃真主禁止与他们交友而敬畏真主吧!如果你们是真信士并坚信曾降示给你们的经典。
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وَإِذَا نَادَيۡتُمۡ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ ٱتَّخَذُوهَا هُزُوٗا وَلَعِبٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَوۡمٞ لَّا يَعۡقِلُونَ ٥٨
And when you call to prayer, they take it in ridicule and amusement. That is because they are a people who do not use reason.
当你们起身去立行最能接近真主的拜功时,他们讥讽并以此嬉戏,那是因为他们是一群不了解真主为人类所制定的教律和教法之人。
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قُلۡ يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ هَلۡ تَنقِمُونَ مِنَّآ إِلَّآ أَنۡ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡنَا وَمَآ أُنزِلَ مِن قَبۡلُ وَأَنَّ أَكۡثَرَكُمۡ فَٰسِقُونَ ٥٩
Say, "O People of the Scripture, do you resent us except [for the fact] that we have believed in Allāh and what was revealed to us and what was revealed before and because most of you are defiantly disobedient?"
使者啊!你对信奉天经中的讥讽之人说:“你们指责我们,就因我们信仰真主,确信祂所降示给我们、以及在我们之前所降示的经典吗?我们确信你们中大多数人以放弃信仰、放弃 服从真主的命令而背叛了真主。你们所指责的事情,是对我们的赞美,而不是批评。”
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قُلۡ هَلۡ أُنَبِّئُكُم بِشَرّٖ مِّن ذَٰلِكَ مَثُوبَةً عِندَ ٱللَّهِۚ مَن لَّعَنَهُ ٱللَّهُ وَغَضِبَ عَلَيۡهِ وَجَعَلَ مِنۡهُمُ ٱلۡقِرَدَةَ وَٱلۡخَنَازِيرَ وَعَبَدَ ٱلطَّٰغُوتَۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ شَرّٞ مَّكَانٗا وَأَضَلُّ عَن سَوَآءِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ ٦٠
Say, "Shall I inform you of [what is] worse than that1 as penalty from Allāh? [It is that of] those whom Allāh has cursed and with whom He became angry and made of them apes and pigs and slaves of ṭāghūt.2 Those are worse in position and further astray from the sound way."
使者啊!你说:“让我来告诉你们谁最应受到指责,最应受到严厉的惩罚,好吗?他们就是真主从祂的仁慈上驱逐的他们的先辈们,真主将其变成猴子和猪,并使他们中的一些人成为恶魔的奴隶。恶魔就是除真主外,人们心悦诚服所崇拜之物,这些被提到之人在复活日的地位是更恶劣的,他们背离正道是更迷误的。”
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وَإِذَا جَآءُوكُمۡ قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَقَد دَّخَلُواْ بِٱلۡكُفۡرِ وَهُمۡ قَدۡ خَرَجُواْ بِهِۦۚ وَٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡتُمُونَ ٦١
And when they come to you, they say, "We believe." But they have entered with disbelief [in their hearts], and they have certainly left with it. And Allāh is most knowing of what they were concealing.
信士们啊!若他们中的伪信士来到你们跟前,伪善的向你们表明他的信仰。事实上,他们进来和出去时都已陷于不信道之中,并无法自拔。即使他们向你们表明信仰,但真主至知他们内心所隐匿的不信道,并将以此报偿他们。
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وَتَرَىٰ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِي ٱلۡإِثۡمِ وَٱلۡعُدۡوَٰنِ وَأَكۡلِهِمُ ٱلسُّحۡتَۚ لَبِئۡسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٦٢
And you see many of them hastening into sin and aggression and the devouring of [what is] unlawful. How wretched is what they have been doing.
使者啊!你会看到许多犹太教徒和伪信士争相犯罪,如:撒谎、不义的侵犯他人、非法侵占他人财物等,他们的行为真恶劣啊!
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لَوۡلَا يَنۡهَىٰهُمُ ٱلرَّبَّٰنِيُّونَ وَٱلۡأَحۡبَارُ عَن قَوۡلِهِمُ ٱلۡإِثۡمَ وَأَكۡلِهِمُ ٱلسُّحۡتَۚ لَبِئۡسَ مَا كَانُواْ يَصۡنَعُونَ ٦٣
Why do the rabbis and religious scholars not forbid them from saying what is sinful and devouring what is unlawful? How wretched is what they have been practicing.
他们的领袖和学者们为什么不对争相说谎、做假证和不义地吞食他人的财物者加以制止呢?他们的领袖和学者对他们的罪行充耳不闻是多么恶劣啊!
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وَقَالَتِ ٱلۡيَهُودُ يَدُ ٱللَّهِ مَغۡلُولَةٌۚ غُلَّتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَلُعِنُواْ بِمَا قَالُواْۘ بَلۡ يَدَاهُ مَبۡسُوطَتَانِ يُنفِقُ كَيۡفَ يَشَآءُۚ وَلَيَزِيدَنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُم مَّآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ طُغۡيَٰنٗا وَكُفۡرٗاۚ وَأَلۡقَيۡنَا بَيۡنَهُمُ ٱلۡعَدَٰوَةَ وَٱلۡبَغۡضَآءَ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ كُلَّمَآ أَوۡقَدُواْ نَارٗا لِّلۡحَرۡبِ أَطۡفَأَهَا ٱللَّهُۚ وَيَسۡعَوۡنَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَسَادٗاۚ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ ٦٤
And the Jews say, "The hand of Allāh is chained."1 Chained are their hands, and cursed are they for what they say. Rather, both His hands are extended; He spends however He wills. And that which has been revealed to you from your Lord will surely increase many of them in transgression and disbelief. And We have cast among them animosity and hatred until the Day of Resurrection. Every time they kindled the fire of war [against you], Allāh extinguished it. And they strive throughout the land [causing] corruption, and Allāh does not like corrupters.
当犹太教徒遭遇困境和饥荒时,他们说:“真主的手从给予和博施上被束缚了。祂限制恩赐我们。”其实是他们的双手从行善和给予上被束缚,他们的此言促使他们遭受真主慈恩的弃绝。事实上,伟大的真主的双手是展开的,是给予和博施的,祂愿意怎样花费,就怎样花费,祂愿展开就展开,愿束缚就束缚,任何人无法限制和强迫祂。使者啊!犹太教徒对降示给你的经典势必会更加不信,更加阻挠,这皆源于嫉妒。我将敌视和怨恨投入他们心中,每当他们集结备战或点燃战火之时,真主就使他们分裂并削弱其力量。他们一直肆意地在大地上作恶,企图消灭和破坏伊斯兰,真主不喜爱作恶之人。
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وَلَوۡ أَنَّ أَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱتَّقَوۡاْ لَكَفَّرۡنَا عَنۡهُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِمۡ وَلَأَدۡخَلۡنَٰهُمۡ جَنَّٰتِ ٱلنَّعِيمِ ٦٥
And if only the People of the Scripture had believed and feared Allāh, We would have removed from them their misdeeds and admitted them to Gardens of Pleasure.
假若犹太教徒和基督教徒信仰穆罕默德(愿主福安之)带来的经典,以放弃罪恶来敬畏真主,那么,我必赦宥他们的罪行,哪怕很多,我在复活日必使他们进入慈恩的乐园,享受其中永不枯竭的恩典。
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وَلَوۡ أَنَّهُمۡ أَقَامُواْ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةَ وَٱلۡإِنجِيلَ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡهِم مِّن رَّبِّهِمۡ لَأَكَلُواْ مِن فَوۡقِهِمۡ وَمِن تَحۡتِ أَرۡجُلِهِمۚ مِّنۡهُمۡ أُمَّةٞ مُّقۡتَصِدَةٞۖ وَكَثِيرٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ سَآءَ مَا يَعۡمَلُونَ ٦٦
And if only they had upheld [the law of] the Torah, the Gospel, and what has been revealed to them from their Lord [i.e., the Qur’ān], they would have consumed [provision] from above them and from beneath their feet.1 Among them are a moderate [i.e., acceptable] community, but many of them - evil is that which they do.
假若犹太教徒依照《讨拉特》去做,基督教徒依照《引支勒》去做,和所有人都依照降示给他们的《古兰经》去做,那么,我必使他们容易得到雨露的恩泽和大地盛产的各种给养。信奉天经的人中,有一伙是中立的坚持正道之人,而他们大多数人皆因没有信仰而行为恶劣。
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۞ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلرَّسُولُ بَلِّغۡ مَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَۖ وَإِن لَّمۡ تَفۡعَلۡ فَمَا بَلَّغۡتَ رِسَالَتَهُۥۚ وَٱللَّهُ يَعۡصِمُكَ مِنَ ٱلنَّاسِۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٦٧
O Messenger, announce that which has been revealed to you from your Lord, and if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message. And Allāh will protect you from the people. Indeed, Allāh does not guide the disbelieving people.
使者啊!你当传达你的主降示给你的全部经典,不做任何的隐瞒。如果你隐瞒了,那你就没有传达你的养主的使命(真主的使者【愿主福安之】确已将所受之命全部传达,谁妄言与此不同,那他确已犯下最严重的诽谤罪。)真主自即日起在众人中护佑你,他们无法伤害到你,你只负责向他们传达之责,真主绝不会引导拒绝正道的不信道者。
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قُلۡ يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَسۡتُمۡ عَلَىٰ شَيۡءٍ حَتَّىٰ تُقِيمُواْ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةَ وَٱلۡإِنجِيلَ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكُم مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡۗ وَلَيَزِيدَنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنۡهُم مَّآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ طُغۡيَٰنٗا وَكُفۡرٗاۖ فَلَا تَأۡسَ عَلَى ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٦٨
Say, "O People of the Scripture, you are [standing] on nothing until you uphold [the law of] the Torah, the Gospel, and what has been revealed to you from your Lord [i.e., the Qur’ān]." And that which has been revealed to you from your Lord will surely increase many of them in transgression and disbelief. So do not grieve over the disbelieving people.
使者啊!你说:“犹太教徒和基督教徒啊!你们对所遵循的宗教无任何信仰,直到你们遵守《讨拉特》和《引支勒》,遵守降示给你们的、应完全信仰的《古兰经》。”遵循《古兰经》,会有更多的信奉天经之人对你的主降示给你的经典表示出暴虐和更加的不信,这皆因他们对《古兰经》的嫉妒,因此你不要对这些不信道者的所作所为而感到遗憾,追随你的信士对你已足矣。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences