Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
ص
Sad
The Letter "Saad" · Meccan · 88 ayahs
{萨德}，独立的字母，在《黄牛章》的开始，已有类似的论述。真主以《古兰经》明誓,其中包含警示人类什么是对他们今后两世有益的， 事情并非像以物配主者所认为的‘真主有诸多伙伴’。
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بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فِي عِزَّةٖ وَشِقَاقٖ ٢
But those who disbelieve are in pride and dissension.
但是，不信道者却藐视和轻蔑真主的独一，反对并敌视穆罕默德（愿主福安之）。
38:3Page 453
كَمۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِهِم مِّن قَرۡنٖ فَنَادَواْ وَّلَاتَ حِينَ مَنَاصٖ ٣
How many a generation have We destroyed before them, and they [then] called out; but it was not a time for escape.
在他们之前我曾毁灭了很多否认他们使者的世代，当灾难降临他们时，他们才求饶呼喊，现在求饶已无济于事，他们不可能脱离惩罚。
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وَعَجِبُوٓاْ أَن جَآءَهُم مُّنذِرٞ مِّنۡهُمۡۖ وَقَالَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ هَٰذَا سَٰحِرٞ كَذَّابٌ ٤
And they wonder that there has come to them a warner [i.e., Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ)] from among themselves. And the disbelievers say, "This is a magician and a liar.
他们奇怪，自己的族人中出现了一位使者并警告他们，如果坚持不信道，他们将遭受真主的惩罚。当不信道者目睹穆罕默德（愿主福安之）所言之真实的证据时，却说：“这是向人施魔的魔术师，他谎称自己是受到真主启示的使者。
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أَجَعَلَ ٱلۡأٓلِهَةَ إِلَٰهٗا وَٰحِدًاۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَشَيۡءٌ عُجَابٞ ٥
Has he made the gods [only] one God? Indeed, this is a curious thing."
难道这个人要将众多神灵变成一个独一的神灵吗？这做法极为怪异。”
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وَٱنطَلَقَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ مِنۡهُمۡ أَنِ ٱمۡشُواْ وَٱصۡبِرُواْ عَلَىٰٓ ءَالِهَتِكُمۡۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَشَيۡءٞ يُرَادُ ٦
And the eminent among them went forth, [saying], "Continue, and be patient over [the defense of] your gods. Indeed, this is a thing intended.1
他们中的贵族和长者对部下说：“你们要坚守旧习，不得归信穆罕默德的宗教，当崇拜你们的众多神灵，穆罕默德号召你们只崇拜一个神灵是个阴谋，他想成为我们的首领，使我们成为他的随从。”
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مَا سَمِعۡنَا بِهَٰذَا فِي ٱلۡمِلَّةِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ إِنۡ هَٰذَآ إِلَّا ٱخۡتِلَٰقٌ ٧
We have not heard of this in the latest religion.1 This is not but a fabrication.
“穆罕默德号召我们崇拜独一神灵与我们祖先的遗教和尔萨（愿主赐其平安）的宗族毫无关联，我们听到的只是谎言和造谣。”
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أَءُنزِلَ عَلَيۡهِ ٱلذِّكۡرُ مِنۢ بَيۡنِنَاۚ بَلۡ هُمۡ فِي شَكّٖ مِّن ذِكۡرِيۚ بَل لَّمَّا يَذُوقُواْ عَذَابِ ٨
Has the message been revealed to him out of [all of] us?" Rather, they are in doubt about My message. Rather, they have not yet tasted My punishment.
“《古兰经》怎么可能未降示给我们贵族和领主，而唯独降示给他呢？”这些多神教徒对降示于你的启示表示怀疑，在还未尝受真主惩罚之前，他们对自身所受宽限很自负。假若他们尝到惩罚的滋味，绝不敢不信道、匹配真主和怀疑你所受的启示。
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أَمۡ عِندَهُمۡ خَزَآئِنُ رَحۡمَةِ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡوَهَّابِ ٩
Or do they have the depositories of the mercy of your Lord, the Exalted in Might, the Bestower?1
难道这些否认真理的多神教徒拥有你的万能的、不可战胜的、赐予祂所意欲者的主恩赐的宝藏吗？真主恩赐的宝藏里有圣品，他将其赐予他所意欲之人。这个圣品不是多神教徒的，故他们不能为所欲为地给予或阻止他人。
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أَمۡ لَهُم مُّلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَاۖ فَلۡيَرۡتَقُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَسۡبَٰبِ ١٠
Or is theirs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and what is between them? Then let them ascend through [any] ways of access.1
难道多神教徒有诸天和大地，及其间万物的权利？他们有权赐予和阻止吗？假若他们这样佯称，那么叫他们借助各种媒介升上天，以便他们随心所欲地裁判给予或阻止，他们绝做不到。
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جُندٞ مَّا هُنَالِكَ مَهۡزُومٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابِ ١١
[They are but] soldiers [who will be] defeated there among the companies [of disbelievers].
这些否认穆罕默德（愿主福安之）的人是败北的乌合之众，就像之前否认众使者的那些党派一样。
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كَذَّبَتۡ قَبۡلَهُمۡ قَوۡمُ نُوحٖ وَعَادٞ وَفِرۡعَوۡنُ ذُو ٱلۡأَوۡتَادِ ١٢
The people of Noah denied before them, and [the tribe of] ʿAad and Pharaoh, the owner of stakes,1
否认真理的这些人并不是第一批否认者，在他们之前，曾否认使者的有奴哈的宗族、阿德人、拥有武力折磨民众的法老，
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وَثَمُودُ وَقَوۡمُ لُوطٖ وَأَصۡحَٰبُ لۡـَٔيۡكَةِۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلۡأَحۡزَابُ ١٣
And [the tribe of] Thamūd and the people of Lot and the companions of the thicket [i.e., people of Madyan]. Those are the companies.1
以及赛莫德人、鲁特的宗族和舒阿卜的宗族。那些人确是否认使者、否认他们带来的教诲的党派。
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إِن كُلٌّ إِلَّا كَذَّبَ ٱلرُّسُلَ فَحَقَّ عِقَابِ ١٤
Each of them denied the messengers, so My penalty was justified.
这些党派的任何一派都否认了使者，故真主的刑罚和惩治迟早必然降临他们。
38:15Page 453
وَمَا يَنظُرُ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِلَّا صَيۡحَةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗ مَّا لَهَا مِن فَوَاقٖ ١٥
And these [disbelievers] await not but one blast [of the Horn]; for it there will be no delay.1
否认穆罕默德（愿主福安之）的这些否认者们等待的仅仅是那不可返回的第二次号角吹响之时，如果他们到死都是否认真理的人，那么他们将遭受惩罚。
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وَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا عَجِّل لَّنَا قِطَّنَا قَبۡلَ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ١٦
And they say, "Our Lord, hasten for us our share [of the punishment] before the Day of Account."
他们嘲笑着说：“我们的主啊！在末日来临前的今世，请你将我们应受的惩罚降于我们吧！”
38:17Page 454
ٱصۡبِرۡ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَٱذۡكُرۡ عَبۡدَنَا دَاوُۥدَ ذَا ٱلۡأَيۡدِۖ إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٌ ١٧
Be patient over what they say and remember Our servant, David, the possessor of strength; indeed, he was one who repeatedly turned back [to Allāh].
先知啊！你当忍受这些否认者所说的令你不悦的话，你当铭记我的仆人-有力量痛击敌人的达五德，他坚韧恭顺，常常向真主忏悔、做真主喜悦的事情。
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إِنَّا سَخَّرۡنَا ٱلۡجِبَالَ مَعَهُۥ يُسَبِّحۡنَ بِٱلۡعَشِيِّ وَٱلۡإِشۡرَاقِ ١٨
Indeed, We subjected the mountains [to praise] with him, exalting [Allāh] in the [late] afternoon and [after] sunrise.
我使众山岳服从达五德，每个早晚它们跟随他一起赞颂。
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وَٱلطَّيۡرَ مَحۡشُورَةٗۖ كُلّٞ لَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٞ ١٩
And the birds were assembled, all with him repeating [praises].
我使天空的飞禽服从他，统统跟随他的赞颂。
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وَشَدَدۡنَا مُلۡكَهُۥ وَءَاتَيۡنَٰهُ ٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَفَصۡلَ ٱلۡخِطَابِ ٢٠
And We strengthened his kingdom and gave him wisdom and discernment in speech.
我以我赐予他的威严、力量和骁勇善战，巩固了他的国权。我赐予他启示、秉公处事，我赐予他完美的文辞，清晰的语言和判决。
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۞ وَهَلۡ أَتَىٰكَ نَبَؤُاْ ٱلۡخَصۡمِ إِذۡ تَسَوَّرُواْ ٱلۡمِحۡرَابَ ٢١
And has there come to you the news of the adversaries, when they climbed over the wall of [his] prayer chamber -
使者啊！两个争辩的人逾越来到达五德（愿主赐其平安）敬拜所的故事你听说了吗？
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إِذۡ دَخَلُواْ عَلَىٰ دَاوُۥدَ فَفَزِعَ مِنۡهُمۡۖ قَالُواْ لَا تَخَفۡۖ خَصۡمَانِ بَغَىٰ بَعۡضُنَا عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَنَا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَا تُشۡطِطۡ وَٱهۡدِنَآ إِلَىٰ سَوَآءِ ٱلصِّرَٰطِ ٢٢
When they entered upon David and he was alarmed by them? They said, "Fear not. [We are] two adversaries, one of whom has wronged the other, so judge between us with truth and do not exceed [it] and guide us to the sound path.
他俩突然来到达五德面前，达五德因他们不同寻常的突然造访而恐惧，双方看到达五德的恐惧之情，便说：“别害怕！我俩是辩论双方，一方欺负了另一方，请你秉公在我们间做个判决，不要偏袒任何一方，并指引我们正确的道路。”
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إِنَّ هَٰذَآ أَخِي لَهُۥ تِسۡعٞ وَتِسۡعُونَ نَعۡجَةٗ وَلِيَ نَعۡجَةٞ وَٰحِدَةٞ فَقَالَ أَكۡفِلۡنِيهَا وَعَزَّنِي فِي ٱلۡخِطَابِ ٢٣
Indeed this, my brother, has ninety-nine ewes, and I have one ewe; so he said, 'Entrust her to me,' and he overpowered me in speech."
其中一方对达五德（愿主赐其平安）说：“这个人是我的兄弟，他有九十九只母绵羊，而我只有一只母绵羊，他却要我把那只母绵羊给他，辩论中他战胜了我。”
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قَالَ لَقَدۡ ظَلَمَكَ بِسُؤَالِ نَعۡجَتِكَ إِلَىٰ نِعَاجِهِۦۖ وَإِنَّ كَثِيرٗا مِّنَ ٱلۡخُلَطَآءِ لَيَبۡغِي بَعۡضُهُمۡ عَلَىٰ بَعۡضٍ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَقَلِيلٞ مَّا هُمۡۗ وَظَنَّ دَاوُۥدُ أَنَّمَا فَتَنَّٰهُ فَٱسۡتَغۡفَرَ رَبَّهُۥ وَخَرَّۤ رَاكِعٗاۤ وَأَنَابَ۩ ٢٤
[David] said, "He has certainly wronged you in demanding your ewe [in addition] to his ewes. And indeed, many associates oppress one another, except for those who believe and do righteous deeds - and few are they." And David became certain that We had tried him, and he asked forgiveness of his Lord1 and fell down bowing [in prostration] and turned in repentance [to Allāh].
达五德在两者间进行裁决，他对原告说：“你的兄弟要求你把你的母绵羊归他，确已欺凌了你，很多合伙人相互欺压，毫无公平可言，惟信道且行善者不然，他们公平对待合伙人，绝不行欺压之事，公平者确是少数人。”达五德确信这是真主以此案例对他的考验，于是他向真主求饶，并叩首亲近。他的主饶恕了他。这是真主因达五德陷入一位妇女的困惑而设立的一个比喻。
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فَغَفَرۡنَا لَهُۥ ذَٰلِكَۖ وَإِنَّ لَهُۥ عِندَنَا لَزُلۡفَىٰ وَحُسۡنَ مَـَٔابٖ ٢٥
So We forgave him that; and indeed, for him is nearness to Us and a good place of return.
我应答了他，饶恕了他，他在我那里确是亲近的，在后世他确有美好的归宿。
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يَٰدَاوُۥدُ إِنَّا جَعَلۡنَٰكَ خَلِيفَةٗ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ ٱلۡهَوَىٰ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ شَدِيدُۢ بِمَا نَسُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ٢٦
[We said], "O David, indeed We have made you a successor upon the earth, so judge between the people in truth and do not follow [your own] desire, as it will lead you astray from the way of Allāh." Indeed, those who go astray from the way of Allāh will have a severe punishment for having forgotten the Day of Account.
达五德啊！我确任命你为大地的代理者，以执行教义及今、后两世的相关事宜。你当秉公为人们裁决，不得因亲情、友谊或敌意而偏袒诉讼双方中的任何一方，以免私欲使你背离真主的正道。背离真主正道的人将因忘却清算日而遭受严厉惩罚，假若他们铭记清算日，就会畏惧，就不会偏向私欲。
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وَمَا خَلَقۡنَا ٱلسَّمَآءَ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا بَٰطِلٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ ظَنُّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْۚ فَوَيۡلٞ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنَ ٱلنَّارِ ٢٧
And We did not create the heaven and the earth and that between them aimlessly. That is the assumption of those who disbelieve, so woe to those who disbelieve from the Fire.
我没有徒劳地创造天地万物，那是不信道者的猜测。做这样猜测的不信道者真悲哀！如果直到死他们仍不信道，且对真主做恶意猜想，他们将遭遇复活日火狱的刑罚。
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أَمۡ نَجۡعَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ كَٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أَمۡ نَجۡعَلُ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ كَٱلۡفُجَّارِ ٢٨
Or should We treat those who believe and do righteous deeds like corrupters in the land? Or should We treat those who fear Allāh like the wicked?
我绝不会使信道、跟随使者且行善的人与在地方上作恶、不信道且悖逆之人相等，也不会使敬畏他们的主宰、遵守真主命令、远离真主禁令的人和不信道者、伪信者、沉溺于悖逆者相等。这两等人的平等相待是暴虐之举，不符合清高真主。真主以进入乐园作为信士和敬畏者的报酬，而以进入火狱来惩罚作恶的不信道者。在真主那里，他们不相等，在祂那里，他们的报酬也不相等。
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كِتَٰبٌ أَنزَلۡنَٰهُ إِلَيۡكَ مُبَٰرَكٞ لِّيَدَّبَّرُوٓاْ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ وَلِيَتَذَكَّرَ أُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِ ٢٩
[This is] a blessed Book which We have revealed to you, [O Muḥammad], that they might reflect upon its verses and that those of understanding would be reminded.
我降示你这部《古兰经》是有 很多福份和吉庆，以便人们思考其中的迹象，领悟其中的意义，以便真知灼见者引为鉴戒。
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وَوَهَبۡنَا لِدَاوُۥدَ سُلَيۡمَٰنَۚ نِعۡمَ ٱلۡعَبۡدُ إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٌ ٣٠
And to David We gave Solomon. An excellent servant, indeed he was one repeatedly turning back [to Allāh].
我将素莱曼赐予达五德，这是我对他的恩典和赏赐，以成为他的慰藉。素莱曼真是个优美的仆人，他常常向真主忏悔、求饶和悔过。
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إِذۡ عُرِضَ عَلَيۡهِ بِٱلۡعَشِيِّ ٱلصَّٰفِنَٰتُ ٱلۡجِيَادُ ٣١
[Mention] when there were exhibited before him in the afternoon the poised [standing] racehorses.
你当记得，当他在晡时检阅风驰电逝般的纯种马队时，马队分三列而站，没有第四列，他一直检阅，直到太阳落山。
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فَقَالَ إِنِّيٓ أَحۡبَبۡتُ حُبَّ ٱلۡخَيۡرِ عَن ذِكۡرِ رَبِّي حَتَّىٰ تَوَارَتۡ بِٱلۡحِجَابِ ٣٢
And he said, "Indeed, I gave preference to the love of good [things] over the remembrance of my Lord until it [i.e., the sun] disappeared into the curtain [of darkness]."
素莱曼说：“我受包括这些马匹在内的财富的喜好影响,忽视了记念我的主宰，直到太阳下山，连晡礼拜功我都延迟了。”
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رُدُّوهَا عَلَيَّۖ فَطَفِقَ مَسۡحَۢا بِٱلسُّوقِ وَٱلۡأَعۡنَاقِ ٣٣
[He said], "Return them to me," and set about striking1 [their] legs and necks.
“你们将它们给我牵回吧！”他们将马队牵到他的面前，他开始用剑砍马匹的腿和颈。
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وَلَقَدۡ فَتَنَّا سُلَيۡمَٰنَ وَأَلۡقَيۡنَا عَلَىٰ كُرۡسِيِّهِۦ جَسَدٗا ثُمَّ أَنَابَ ٣٤
And We certainly tried Solomon and placed on his throne a body;1 then he returned.2
我考验素莱曼，将化身成人模样的魔鬼投放在他的阿尔西上，魔鬼掌握素莱曼的国权一小段时间，之后，国权和控制魔鬼的权利又回到素莱曼手中。
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قَالَ رَبِّ ٱغۡفِرۡ لِي وَهَبۡ لِي مُلۡكٗا لَّا يَنۢبَغِي لِأَحَدٖ مِّنۢ بَعۡدِيٓۖ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلۡوَهَّابُ ٣٥
He said, "My Lord, forgive me and grant me a kingdom such as will not belong to anyone after me. Indeed, You are the Bestower."
素莱曼说：“真主啊！求你饶恕我的过失，赐我一种在我之后任何人不宜拥有的特权，主啊！你确是好施的、 博恩的。”
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فَسَخَّرۡنَا لَهُ ٱلرِّيحَ تَجۡرِي بِأَمۡرِهِۦ رُخَآءً حَيۡثُ أَصَابَ ٣٦
So We subjected to him the wind blowing by his command, gently, wherever he directed,
我应答了他，为他制服了风，风奉他的命令吹拂到他所意欲的地方，风虽然强大、极速，但很柔和。
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وَٱلشَّيَٰطِينَ كُلَّ بَنَّآءٖ وَغَوَّاصٖ ٣٧
And [also] the devils [of jinn] - every builder and diver
我为他制服了恶魔，听从他的命令，其中有擅长建筑的，也有能在海里潜水并从中捞取珍珠的，
还有是叛逆之徒的恶魔，被他制服后用脚链锁着无法动弹。
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هَٰذَا عَطَآؤُنَا فَٱمۡنُنۡ أَوۡ أَمۡسِكۡ بِغَيۡرِ حِسَابٖ ٣٩
[We said], "This is Our gift, so grant or withhold without account."
素莱曼啊！这是我应答你的祈求而赐予你的恩典，你可给予你所意欲之人，也可阻止你所意欲之人，你绝不会因给予或阻止而受清算。
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وَإِنَّ لَهُۥ عِندَنَا لَزُلۡفَىٰ وَحُسۡنَ مَـَٔابٖ ٤٠
And indeed, for him is nearness to Us and a good place of return.
素莱曼在我这里是临近的，他有优美的归宿，那便是乐园。
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وَٱذۡكُرۡ عَبۡدَنَآ أَيُّوبَ إِذۡ نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُۥٓ أَنِّي مَسَّنِيَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ بِنُصۡبٖ وَعَذَابٍ ٤١
And remember Our servant Job, when he called to his Lord, "Indeed, Satan has touched me with hardship and torment."
使者啊！你当铭记我的仆人安优卜，他向真主祈祷时说：“恶魔侵袭了我，使我疲倦并使我备受煎熬。”
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ٱرۡكُضۡ بِرِجۡلِكَۖ هَٰذَا مُغۡتَسَلُۢ بَارِدٞ وَشَرَابٞ ٤٢
[So he was told], "Strike [the ground] with your foot; this is a [spring for a] cool bath and drink."
我对他说：“你用脚踏地吧！”他用脚踏地，地下冒出清凉的水，于是他用那水做饮料和沐浴，他的病和顽疾则荡然无存。
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وَوَهَبۡنَا لَهُۥٓ أَهۡلَهُۥ وَمِثۡلَهُم مَّعَهُمۡ رَحۡمَةٗ مِّنَّا وَذِكۡرَىٰ لِأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِ ٤٣
And We granted him his family and a like [number] with them as mercy from Us and a reminder for those of understanding.
我应答了他的祈祷，治愈了他的病症，还回他的家眷，增加类似他们以前一样数量的子孙，作为我对他的恩典和对他坚忍的回赐。有识之士当领悟，坚忍的结局就是胜利和回赐。
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وَخُذۡ بِيَدِكَ ضِغۡثٗا فَٱضۡرِب بِّهِۦ وَلَا تَحۡنَثۡۗ إِنَّا وَجَدۡنَٰهُ صَابِرٗاۚ نِّعۡمَ ٱلۡعَبۡدُ إِنَّهُۥٓ أَوَّابٞ ٤٤
[We said], "And take in your hand a bunch [of grass] and strike with it and do not break your oath."1 Indeed, We found him patient, an excellent servant. Indeed, he was one repeatedly turning back [to Allāh].
当安优卜对妻子生气时。他发誓要抽打她一百鞭。我对他说：“安优卜啊！你拿一把草，用它去打她，以示对你誓言的承诺，你的誓言不得违背。”于是他就拿一把草击打了她。我确已发现，对于我的考验他是坚忍的，那仆人真优美！他时常向真主忏悔。
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وَٱذۡكُرۡ عِبَٰدَنَآ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ وَإِسۡحَٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَ أُوْلِي ٱلۡأَيۡدِي وَٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرِ ٤٥
And remember Our servants, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob - those of strength and [religious] vision.
使者啊！你应当铭记我所拣选的我的仆人和我所派遣的使者-易卜拉欣、易司哈格、叶尔孤白，他们都是有能力、敬畏真主、寻求真主喜悦之人，他们都是有识之士，以真诚面对真理。
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إِنَّآ أَخۡلَصۡنَٰهُم بِخَالِصَةٖ ذِكۡرَى ٱلدَّارِ ٤٦
Indeed, We chose them for an exclusive quality: remembrance of the home [of the Hereafter].
我赐予他们一种特有的德性，即心中常念后世、以善行为其准备、号召人们为此而劳作。
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وَإِنَّهُمۡ عِندَنَا لَمِنَ ٱلۡمُصۡطَفَيۡنَ ٱلۡأَخۡيَارِ ٤٧
And indeed they are, to Us, among the chosen and outstanding.
在我这里，他们确是特选的敬畏我和敬拜我的仆人，我选择他们肩负我的使命、传达我的教诲。
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وَٱذۡكُرۡ إِسۡمَٰعِيلَ وَٱلۡيَسَعَ وَذَا ٱلۡكِفۡلِۖ وَكُلّٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَخۡيَارِ ٤٨
And remember Ishmael, Elisha and Dhul-Kifl, and all are among the outstanding.
使者啊！你当铭记我的仆人-易卜拉欣的儿子易司马仪，你当铭记艾勒叶赛尔和助勒基福勒，你当以最优美的词语表扬他们，他们值得这样夸奖，他们都是真主特选的纯洁之人。
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هَٰذَا ذِكۡرٞۚ وَإِنَّ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ لَحُسۡنَ مَـَٔابٖ ٤٩
This is a reminder. And indeed, for the righteous is a good place of return -
《古兰经》提到他们时，夸奖不已。遵守真主命令、远离真主禁令的敬畏者，在后世将享受优美的归宿。
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جَنَّٰتِ عَدۡنٖ مُّفَتَّحَةٗ لَّهُمُ ٱلۡأَبۡوَٰبُ ٥٠
Gardens of perpetual residence, whose doors will be opened to them.
这个优美的归宿就是复活日他们得以进入的乐园，乐园的大门为了迎接他们已经打开。
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مُتَّكِـِٔينَ فِيهَا يَدۡعُونَ فِيهَا بِفَٰكِهَةٖ كَثِيرَةٖ وَشَرَابٖ ٥١
Reclining within them, they will call therein for abundant fruit and drink.
在那里，他们倚靠着为他们装饰的靠枕，他们叫为他们服务的人拿来各种各样他们喜爱的果实和饮料，以及他们喜好的美酒等。
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۞ وَعِندَهُمۡ قَٰصِرَٰتُ ٱلطَّرۡفِ أَتۡرَابٌ ٥٢
And with them will be women limiting [their] glances1 and of equal age.
他们享有对丈夫非礼不视、年龄划一的配偶。
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هَٰذَا مَا تُوعَدُونَ لِيَوۡمِ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ٥٣
This is what you, [the righteous], are promised for the Day of Account.
敬畏者啊！这就是你们因今世的善行而被许诺的在复活之日享有的优美报酬。
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إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَرِزۡقُنَا مَا لَهُۥ مِن نَّفَادٍ ٥٤
Indeed, this is Our provision; for it there is no depletion.
我所提及的报酬就是我在复活日赐予敬畏者的给养，这给养是永久的，永不罄尽的。
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هَٰذَاۚ وَإِنَّ لِلطَّٰغِينَ لَشَرَّ مَـَٔابٖ ٥٥
This [is so]. But indeed, for the transgressors is an evil place of return -
我所提及的这些，只是给予敬畏者的报酬。不信道和悖逆超越真主法度者的下场和敬畏者的报酬完全不同，他们在复活日得以最劣质的归宿，
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جَهَنَّمَ يَصۡلَوۡنَهَا فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمِهَادُ ٥٦
Hell, which they will [enter to] burn, and wretched is the resting place.
这归宿就是重重火狱，他们将遭受火狱的灼热和炙烤，其中有他们的卧床，那卧床真恶劣！
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هَٰذَا فَلۡيَذُوقُوهُ حَمِيمٞ وَغَسَّاقٞ ٥٧
This - so let them taste it - is scalding water and [foul] purulence.
火狱的饮料是滚烫的水和受刑者身上流淌的带血的脓，叫他们饮那饮料吧！那是他们的饮料，那饮料不解渴。
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وَءَاخَرُ مِن شَكۡلِهِۦٓ أَزۡوَٰجٌ ٥٨
And other [punishments] of its type [in various] kinds.
他们还将遭受同类的另一种刑罚，在后世，他们将遭受不同类型的刑罚。
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هَٰذَا فَوۡجٞ مُّقۡتَحِمٞ مَّعَكُمۡ لَا مَرۡحَبَۢا بِهِمۡۚ إِنَّهُمۡ صَالُواْ ٱلنَّارِ ٥٩
[Its inhabitants will say], "This is a company bursting in with you. No welcome for them. Indeed, they will burn in the Fire."
火狱的居民进入火狱后相互仇视、彼此埋怨，相互推卸责任，一部分人说：“这伙是火狱居民，他们和你们一起进火狱。”那伙人回复说：“他们不受欢迎，他们将遭受我们一样的酷刑。”
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قَالُواْ بَلۡ أَنتُمۡ لَا مَرۡحَبَۢا بِكُمۡۖ أَنتُمۡ قَدَّمۡتُمُوهُ لَنَاۖ فَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡقَرَارُ ٦٠
They will say, "Nor you! No welcome for you. You, [our leaders], brought this upon us, and wretched is the settlement."
另一伙追随者对他们追随的主人说：“你们才不受欢迎！是你们的诱惑和误导，导致我们遭受这样痛苦的惩罚，这归宿真恶劣！”他们的归宿都是火狱。
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قَالُواْ رَبَّنَا مَن قَدَّمَ لَنَا هَٰذَا فَزِدۡهُ عَذَابٗا ضِعۡفٗا فِي ٱلنَّارِ ٦١
They will say, "Our Lord, whoever brought this upon us - increase for him double punishment in the Fire."
追随者说：“我们的主啊！谁把我们诱惑到这境地，求你使他在火狱的惩罚加倍。”
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وَقَالُواْ مَا لَنَا لَا نَرَىٰ رِجَالٗا كُنَّا نَعُدُّهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأَشۡرَارِ ٦٢
And they will say, "Why do we not see men whom we used to count among the worst?1
傲慢的作恶者说：“在这里我们怎么看不到从前我们认为他们是应受惩罚的恶人呢？
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أَتَّخَذۡنَٰهُمۡ سِخۡرِيًّا أَمۡ زَاغَتۡ عَنۡهُمُ ٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرُ ٦٣
Is it [because] we took them in ridicule, or has [our] vision turned away from them?"
难道从前我们对他们的嘲笑和轻视都是错误的，他们没有受惩罚？还是从前我们对他们的嘲笑是正确的，他们已经进入了火狱，只是我们没有看见而已？”
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إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَحَقّٞ تَخَاصُمُ أَهۡلِ ٱلنَّارِ ٦٤
Indeed, that is truth [i.e., reality] - the quarreling of the people of the Fire.
我为你们陈述的不信道者在复活日相互争辩，是毫无疑问的、确凿的事实。
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قُلۡ إِنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ مُنذِرٞۖ وَمَا مِنۡ إِلَٰهٍ إِلَّا ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡوَٰحِدُ ٱلۡقَهَّارُ ٦٥
Say, [O Muḥammad], "I am only a warner, and there is not any deity except Allāh, the One, the Prevailing,1
穆罕默德啊！你当对你的族人中的不信道者说：“我只是一个警告者，警告你们将因不信道和折磨真主的使者而遭受真主的刑罚，除真主外，没有应受崇拜的主，祂的伟大与祂所有属性和美名都独属于祂，祂是统治一切的统治者，万物均服从于祂，
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رَبُّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡغَفَّٰرُ ٦٦
Lord of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them, the Exalted in Might,1 the Perpetual Forgiver."2
祂是天地万物的主宰，是万能的、不可战胜的，祂是至赦众仆中忏悔者过失的主。”
使者啊！你对这些否认者说“这《古兰经》是重大的消息。
你们反对这个重大的消息，对其轻视。
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مَا كَانَ لِيَ مِنۡ عِلۡمِۭ بِٱلۡمَلَإِ ٱلۡأَعۡلَىٰٓ إِذۡ يَخۡتَصِمُونَ ٦٩
I had no knowledge of the exalted assembly [of angels] when they were disputing [the creation of Adam].
假如不是真主启示我、教导我，对于当时天使们关于阿丹被造的对话我不会知情的。
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إِن يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَيَّ إِلَّآ أَنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ نَذِيرٞ مُّبِينٌ ٧٠
It has not been revealed to me except that I am a clear warner."
是真主将祂的启示降于我，我只是一个警告你们真主刑罚的警告者。”
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إِذۡ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ إِنِّي خَٰلِقُۢ بَشَرٗا مِّن طِينٖ ٧١
[So mention] when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I am going to create a human being from clay.
你当铭记，当时你的主对众天使说：“我将用泥创造一个人，他就是阿丹（愿主赐其平安）。”
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فَإِذَا سَوَّيۡتُهُۥ وَنَفَخۡتُ فِيهِ مِن رُّوحِي فَقَعُواْ لَهُۥ سَٰجِدِينَ ٧٢
So when I have proportioned him and breathed into him of My [created] soul,1 then fall down to him in prostration."
当我完成他的创造，完美他的形体，将我的精神吹入他的体内的时候，众天使都为他叩头。
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فَسَجَدَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ كُلُّهُمۡ أَجۡمَعُونَ ٧٣
So the angels prostrated - all of them entirely,
众天使顺从他们主的命令，统统叩头以示尊重，他们确都已叩头。
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إِلَّآ إِبۡلِيسَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٧٤
Except Iblees;1 he was arrogant and became among the disbelievers.
惟易卜劣斯自大，他傲慢对待他的主的命令，他原是不信道的。
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قَالَ يَٰٓإِبۡلِيسُ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَن تَسۡجُدَ لِمَا خَلَقۡتُ بِيَدَيَّۖ أَسۡتَكۡبَرۡتَ أَمۡ كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلۡعَالِينَ ٧٥
[Allāh] said, "O Iblees, what prevented you from prostrating to that which I created with My hands?1 Were you arrogant [then], or were you [already] among the haughty?"
真主说：“易卜劣斯啊！你为什么不向我亲手创造的人叩头？是自大呢？还是你本身就对你的主傲慢呢？
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قَالَ أَنَا۠ خَيۡرٞ مِّنۡهُ خَلَقۡتَنِي مِن نَّارٖ وَخَلَقۡتَهُۥ مِن طِينٖ ٧٦
He said, "I am better than him. You created me from fire and created him from clay."
易卜劣斯说：“我比阿丹更优秀，你用火创造了我，用泥创造了他。”易卜劣斯妄称火元素比泥元素高贵。
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قَالَ فَٱخۡرُجۡ مِنۡهَا فَإِنَّكَ رَجِيمٞ ٧٧
[Allāh] said, "Then get out of it [i.e., Paradise], for indeed, you are expelled.
真主对易卜劣斯说：“你从乐园出去吧！你确是被弃绝的、被怪责的。
38:78Page 457
وَإِنَّ عَلَيۡكَ لَعۡنَتِيٓ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلدِّينِ ٧٨
And indeed, upon you is My curse until the Day of Recompense."
你被逐出乐园，直到报应日，即复活日。
38:79Page 457
قَالَ رَبِّ فَأَنظِرۡنِيٓ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ يُبۡعَثُونَ ٧٩
He said, "My Lord, then reprieve me until the Day they are resurrected."
易卜劣斯说：“求你不要让我死去，请宽限我到你复活你的仆人那天。”
38:80Page 457
قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُنظَرِينَ ٨٠
[Allāh] said, "So indeed, you are of those reprieved
真主说：“你必定被宽限，
直到规定的毁灭你的限期来临之时。”
38:82Page 457
قَالَ فَبِعِزَّتِكَ لَأُغۡوِيَنَّهُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٨٢
[Iblees] said, "By Your might, I will surely mislead them all
易卜劣斯说：“我以你的能力和权威发誓，我必将迷惑阿丹的全体后裔，
只有因你护佑而没有受我误导，从而虔诚敬拜独一的你的那些人，不在此列。
38:84Page 458
قَالَ فَٱلۡحَقُّ وَٱلۡحَقَّ أَقُولُ ٨٤
[Allāh] said, "The truth [is My oath], and the truth I say -
真主说：“真理发自我，我只说真理，不说其它。
38:85Page 458
لَأَمۡلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنكَ وَمِمَّن تَبِعَكَ مِنۡهُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٨٥
[That] I will surely fill Hell with you and those of them that follow you all together."
在复活日，我必将以你和跟随你不信道的人类充满火狱。”
38:86Page 458
قُلۡ مَآ أَسۡـَٔلُكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ مِنۡ أَجۡرٖ وَمَآ أَنَا۠ مِنَ ٱلۡمُتَكَلِّفِينَ ٨٦
Say, [O Muḥammad], "I do not ask you for it [i.e., the Qur’ān] any payment, and I am not of the pretentious.
使者啊！你对这些以物配主者说：“我不为向你们传达劝告而索取任何报酬，我不会在我受命之事中增加丝毫。
《古兰经》只是对人类和精灵中被责成者的教诲。
38:88Page 458
وَلَتَعۡلَمُنَّ نَبَأَهُۥ بَعۡدَ حِينِۭ ٨٨
And you will surely know [the truth of] its information after a time."
不久的将来，你们死亡之时，必将知道这部《古兰经》的消息，必将知道他是诚实的。 ”
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences