Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
الجاثية
Al-Jathiyah
The Crouching · Meccan · 37 ayahs
{哈一，米目}此类经文在《黄牛》章起始的同类字母已经进行了解释。
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تَنزِيلُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡحَكِيمِ ٢
The revelation of the Book is from Allāh, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
这部《古兰经》降示自不可战胜的、万能的真主，祂的创造、裁夺和管理确是至睿的。
45:3Page 499
إِنَّ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٣
Indeed, within the heavens and earth are signs for the believers.
对信士们来说，诸天和大地有证明真主大能和独一性的很多证明，因为他们是留意迹象之人。
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وَفِي خَلۡقِكُمۡ وَمَا يَبُثُّ مِن دَآبَّةٍ ءَايَٰتٞ لِّقَوۡمٖ يُوقِنُونَ ٤
And in the creation of yourselves and what He disperses of moving creatures are signs for people who are certain [in faith].
人们啊！真主从一滴精液、然后一块肉，然后一块血创造了你们，并且创造了在大地上散布的各种动物，对于笃信真主是创造者的民众，此中确有许多昭示真主独一性的明证。
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وَٱخۡتِلَٰفِ ٱلَّيۡلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ وَمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مِن رِّزۡقٖ فَأَحۡيَا بِهِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَا وَتَصۡرِيفِ ٱلرِّيَٰحِ ءَايَٰتٞ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَعۡقِلُونَ ٥
And [in] the alternation of night and day and [in] what Allāh sends down from the sky of provision [i.e., rain] and gives life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness and [in His] directing of the winds are signs for a people who reason.
昼夜的互换，借天空降下的雨水复活没有植被的死寂大地，驱使风从不同方向吹来使你们受益，对于能思维和求证的民众，此中确有许多真主独一和复活能力的证据。
45:6Page 499
تِلۡكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱللَّهِ نَتۡلُوهَا عَلَيۡكَ بِٱلۡحَقِّۖ فَبِأَيِّ حَدِيثِۭ بَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ وَءَايَٰتِهِۦ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٦
These are the verses of Allāh which We recite to you in truth. Then in what statement after Allāh and His verses will they believe?
使者啊！我把这些迹象和证据诵读于你，如果他们不信真主降示给他的仆人的言词及其诸多证据，那么，在这之后，他们还会信仰什么呢？还会相信什么样的证据呢？
来自真主的惩罚和毁灭将降临每一位作恶多端的否认者。
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يَسۡمَعُ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِ ثُمَّ يُصِرُّ مُسۡتَكۡبِرٗا كَأَن لَّمۡ يَسۡمَعۡهَاۖ فَبَشِّرۡهُ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٖ ٨
Who hears the verses of Allāh recited to him, then persists arrogantly as if he had not heard them. So give him tidings of a painful punishment.
这位不信道者听到有人为他宣读《古兰经》中真主的迹象时，自视高大、藐视真理，拒不信道仍继续作恶，好像他从未听到过向他宣读的迹象一般。使者啊！你告诉他后世他将遭遇的，等待他的是严酷的刑罚。
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وَإِذَا عَلِمَ مِنۡ ءَايَٰتِنَا شَيۡـًٔا ٱتَّخَذَهَا هُزُوًاۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ مُّهِينٞ ٩
And when he knows anything of Our verses, he takes them in ridicule. Those will have a humiliating punishment.
当有人向他传达一点《古兰经》的信息时，他便以此作为嘲笑的谈资。在复活日，这等嘲笑《古兰经》之人将遭受凌辱的刑罚。
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مِّن وَرَآئِهِمۡ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَلَا يُغۡنِي عَنۡهُم مَّا كَسَبُواْ شَيۡـٔٗا وَلَا مَا ٱتَّخَذُواْ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡلِيَآءَۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ ١٠
Before them1 is Hell, and what they had earned will not avail them at all nor what they had taken besides Allāh as allies. And they will have a great punishment.
后世，等待他们的是火狱。他们曾获得的钱财无济于他们，他们舍真主崇拜的偶像也不能援助他们，他们将遭受重大的刑罚。
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هَٰذَا هُدٗىۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِ رَبِّهِمۡ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ مِّن رِّجۡزٍ أَلِيمٌ ١١
This [Qur’ān] is guidance. And those who have disbelieved in the verses of their Lord will have a painful punishment of foul nature.
我降示给我的使者穆罕默德的这部经典，是通往真理之途的导向，不信真主降示给使者经文之人，将遭遇严厉的、恶劣的刑罚。
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۞ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَكُمُ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ لِتَجۡرِيَ ٱلۡفُلۡكُ فِيهِ بِأَمۡرِهِۦ وَلِتَبۡتَغُواْ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ١٢
It is Allāh who subjected to you the sea so that ships may sail upon it by His command and that you may seek of His bounty; and perhaps you will be grateful.
人们啊！独一的真主为你们制服了海洋，以便船舶凭祂的命令而行驶，以便你们借此寻求各种给养，以便你们感谢真主赐予你们的恩惠。
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وَسَخَّرَ لَكُم مَّا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗا مِّنۡهُۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّقَوۡمٖ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ١٣
And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth - all from Him. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.
祂为你们制服了太阳、月亮和星辰及大地上的河流、树木和山岳等，对思考真主各种迹象的人来说，此中确有昭示真主大能和独一性的明显证据，他们从中吸取教训。
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قُل لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ يَغۡفِرُواْ لِلَّذِينَ لَا يَرۡجُونَ أَيَّامَ ٱللَّهِ لِيَجۡزِيَ قَوۡمَۢا بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ١٤
Say, [O Muḥammad], to those who have believed that they [should] forgive those who expect not the days of Allāh [i.e., of His retribution] so that He may recompense a people1 for what they used to earn.
使者啊！你当对信仰真主及其使者之人说：“你们当原谅迫害过你们的不信道者，他们不在乎真主的恩惠或惩罚。坚忍的信士和过分的不信道者，真主均将依他们今世的行为施以报酬。
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مَنۡ عَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَلِنَفۡسِهِۦۖ وَمَنۡ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيۡهَاۖ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمۡ تُرۡجَعُونَ ١٥
Whoever does a good deed - it is for himself; and whoever does evil - it is against it [i.e., the self or soul]. Then to your Lord you will be returned.
谁行一件善事，其善果定回报于他，真主无求于他的善行；谁做一件恶事，其恶果定回报于他，他的恶行无损于真主。在后世，你们将回归于我，我必依你们应得的报酬你们。
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وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡحُكۡمَ وَٱلنُّبُوَّةَ وَرَزَقۡنَٰهُم مِّنَ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتِ وَفَضَّلۡنَٰهُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٦
And We did certainly give the Children of Israel the Scripture and judgement1 and prophethood, and We provided them with good things and preferred them over the worlds.
我确已赐予以色列的后裔《讨拉特》和超越世人的智慧，并使大部分先知出自易卜拉欣（愿主赐其平安）的后裔，我赐予他们各种美食，使他们超越同时代的人。
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وَءَاتَيۡنَٰهُم بَيِّنَٰتٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِۖ فَمَا ٱخۡتَلَفُوٓاْ إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلۡعِلۡمُ بَغۡيَۢا بَيۡنَهُمۡۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقۡضِي بَيۡنَهُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ فِيمَا كَانُواْ فِيهِ يَخۡتَلِفُونَ ١٧
And We gave them clear proofs of the matter [of religion]. And they did not differ except after knowledge had come to them - out of jealous animosity between themselves. Indeed, your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that over which they used to differ.
我赐予他们辨别真理与荒谬的证据，当证据表明穆罕默德（愿主福安之）确是我的先知时，他们因相互嫉妒和对权利与荣誉的贪求而产生分歧。使者啊！在复活日，真主将对今世的纷争进行判决，以证明他们孰对孰错。
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ثُمَّ جَعَلۡنَٰكَ عَلَىٰ شَرِيعَةٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ فَٱتَّبِعۡهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ أَهۡوَآءَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٨
Then We put you, [O Muḥammad], on an ordained way concerning the matter [of religion]; so follow it and do not follow the inclinations of those who do not know.
然后，我使你遵循之前众使者的常道和方法，以号召人们信仰和行善为使命，你当遵循这律法，不要遵循无知真理者的私欲。他们的私欲是迷误于真理的。
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إِنَّهُمۡ لَن يُغۡنُواْ عَنكَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيۡـٔٗاۚ وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءُ بَعۡضٖۖ وَٱللَّهُ وَلِيُّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١٩
Indeed, they will never avail you against Allāh at all. And indeed, the wrongdoers are allies of one another; but Allāh is the protector of the righteous.
如果你遵循对真理无知之人的私欲，他们绝无丝毫能力阻挡真主对你的惩罚，所有宗族和派系中的不义者都是相互援助和提携，以对付信士们。真主援助遵循其命令、远离其禁令的敬畏者。
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هَٰذَا بَصَٰٓئِرُ لِلنَّاسِ وَهُدٗى وَرَحۡمَةٞ لِّقَوۡمٖ يُوقِنُونَ ٢٠
This [Qur’ān] is enlightenment for mankind and guidance and mercy for a people who are certain [in faith].
这部降示给我的仆人的《古兰经》，是辨别真伪的明证，寻求真理的引导，给予坚信者的恩惠，因为他们是为获取真主喜悦而寻求端庄道路之人，真主将使他们入住乐园，远离火狱。
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أَمۡ حَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱجۡتَرَحُواْ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ أَن نَّجۡعَلَهُمۡ كَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ سَوَآءٗ مَّحۡيَاهُمۡ وَمَمَاتُهُمۡۚ سَآءَ مَا يَحۡكُمُونَ ٢١
Or do those who commit evils think We will make them like those who have believed and done righteous deeds - [make them] equal in their life and their death?1 Evil is that which they judge [i.e., assume].
难道自身不信道和作恶者认为，我会以同信仰真主和行善者一样的报酬他们，使他们今世和后世相等吗？他们这判断真恶劣！
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وَخَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلِتُجۡزَىٰ كُلُّ نَفۡسِۭ بِمَا كَسَبَتۡ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ٢٢
And Allāh created the heavens and earth in truth and so that every soul may be recompensed for what it has earned, and they will not be wronged.
真主以至高的智慧，并非徒劳地创造了诸天和大地，祂以每个人的行为对其进行或善、或恶的报酬，真主不会冤枉他们，而减少他们的善行，或增加他们的恶行。
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أَفَرَءَيۡتَ مَنِ ٱتَّخَذَ إِلَٰهَهُۥ هَوَىٰهُ وَأَضَلَّهُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ عِلۡمٖ وَخَتَمَ عَلَىٰ سَمۡعِهِۦ وَقَلۡبِهِۦ وَجَعَلَ عَلَىٰ بَصَرِهِۦ غِشَٰوَةٗ فَمَن يَهۡدِيهِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ٱللَّهِۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ ٢٣
Have you seen he who has taken as his god his [own] desire, and Allāh has sent him astray due to knowledge1 and has set a seal upon his hearing and his heart and put over his vision a veil? So who will guide him after Allāh? Then will you not be reminded?
使者啊！你观察跟随私欲并将其凌驾于主宰地位之人，真主使他明知故犯的迷误，这是他应得的迷误。真主封闭了他的听觉，在他的眼睛上安置了阻绝真理的翳膜。真主使他迷误后，谁又能引导他呢？追随私欲的毒害与遵循真主律法的益处，难道你们还不觉悟吗？
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وَقَالُواْ مَا هِيَ إِلَّا حَيَاتُنَا ٱلدُّنۡيَا نَمُوتُ وَنَحۡيَا وَمَا يُهۡلِكُنَآ إِلَّا ٱلدَّهۡرُۚ وَمَا لَهُم بِذَٰلِكَ مِنۡ عِلۡمٍۖ إِنۡ هُمۡ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ ٢٤
And they say, "There is not but our worldly life; we die and live,1 and nothing destroys us except time." And they have of that no knowledge; they are only assuming.
否认复活的不信道者说：“我们的生活只有今世的，死后不会再有生活。一代代人逝去，不再返回；一代代人又出生，我们的死亡只因日夜交替的光阴。”他们对复活一无所知并加以否认，他们只是在妄加猜测，而猜测本身不能阻碍真理丝毫。
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وَإِذَا تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتُنَا بَيِّنَٰتٖ مَّا كَانَ حُجَّتَهُمۡ إِلَّآ أَن قَالُواْ ٱئۡتُواْ بِـَٔابَآئِنَآ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ٢٥
And when Our verses are recited to them as clear evidences, their argument is only that they say, "Bring [back] our forefathers, if you should be truthful."
当有人向以物配主者宣读我明显的迹象时，他们给予使者（愿主福安之）及其弟子唯一的借口说：“你们称我们死后能复生，假如你们是诚实的，那么请复活我们已故的父辈们吧！”
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قُلِ ٱللَّهُ يُحۡيِيكُمۡ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمۡ ثُمَّ يَجۡمَعُكُمۡ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ لَا رَيۡبَ فِيهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٢٦
Say, "Allāh causes you to live, then causes you to die; then He will assemble you for the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt, but most of the people do not know."
使者啊！你对他们说：“真主创造你们，然后使你们死亡，而后在复活日，集合你们并复活，以进行清算和报酬，那是毫无疑问必将来临的日子，但是大部分人并不知晓，故他们未以善行为此做准备。
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وَلِلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَيَوۡمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يَوۡمَئِذٖ يَخۡسَرُ ٱلۡمُبۡطِلُونَ ٢٧
And to Allāh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. And the Day the Hour appears - that Day the falsifiers will lose.
天地万物的权利惟归真主所有，惟真主应受崇拜。那日，真主复生死者以清算和报酬，崇拜真主以外的，并致力于废除真理扶持荒谬的迷误之人，确是亏折的。
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وَتَرَىٰ كُلَّ أُمَّةٖ جَاثِيَةٗۚ كُلُّ أُمَّةٖ تُدۡعَىٰٓ إِلَىٰ كِتَٰبِهَا ٱلۡيَوۡمَ تُجۡزَوۡنَ مَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ ٢٨
And you will see every nation kneeling [from fear]. Every nation will be called to its record [and told], "Today you will be recompensed for what you used to do.
使者啊！在那日，你将看到每群族人都屈膝等待自己的结局，都被召唤去看天使记录他们行为的册子。人们啊！那天你们将以自己在今世行为的善、恶来获取报酬。
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هَٰذَا كِتَٰبُنَا يَنطِقُ عَلَيۡكُم بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسۡتَنسِخُ مَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ ٢٩
This, Our record, speaks about you in truth. Indeed, We were having transcribed1 whatever you used to do."
这是我立的记录册——我的天使将你们的行为记录于其中，它将以真理为你们作证，你们阅读它吧！我确已命令天使记录你们在今世的行为。
45:30Page 501
فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فَيُدۡخِلُهُمۡ رَبُّهُمۡ فِي رَحۡمَتِهِۦۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡمُبِينُ ٣٠
So as for those who believed and did righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them into His mercy. That is what is the clear attainment.
信道且行善者，真主使他们进入乐园，沐浴于祂的恩惠之中，这是真主赐予他们的报酬，那是无以伦比的伟大胜利。
45:31Page 501
وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ أَفَلَمۡ تَكُنۡ ءَايَٰتِي تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَٱسۡتَكۡبَرۡتُمۡ وَكُنتُمۡ قَوۡمٗا مُّجۡرِمِينَ ٣١
But as for those who disbelieved, [it will be said], "Were not Our verses recited to you, but you were arrogant and became a criminal people?
至于不信真主者，有个声音责怪他们说：“难道没有人向你们宣读我的迹象，引导你们信仰吗？你们曾是不信道和犯罪的作恶民众。”
45:32Page 501
وَإِذَا قِيلَ إِنَّ وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقّٞ وَٱلسَّاعَةُ لَا رَيۡبَ فِيهَا قُلۡتُم مَّا نَدۡرِي مَا ٱلسَّاعَةُ إِن نَّظُنُّ إِلَّا ظَنّٗا وَمَا نَحۡنُ بِمُسۡتَيۡقِنِينَ ٣٢
And when it was said, 'Indeed, the promise of Allāh is truth and the Hour [is coming] - no doubt about it,' you said, 'We know not what is the Hour. We assume only assumption, and we are not convinced.'"
有人对你们说‘真主对众仆复活和报酬的许诺是毋庸置疑的真实，复活日的来临是毋庸置疑的真实，你们当为它行善。’你们说‘我们不知道这个复活将何时来临，我们只是猜测它可能会来临，我们并不确信它。’”
45:33Page 502
وَبَدَا لَهُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتُ مَا عَمِلُواْ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُواْ بِهِۦ يَسۡتَهۡزِءُونَ ٣٣
And the evil consequences of what they did will appear to them, and they will be enveloped by what they used to ridicule.
他们在今世的不信道和作恶行径，将呈现于他们；他们曾嘲笑的惩罚，将降临于他们。
45:34Page 502
وَقِيلَ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ نَنسَىٰكُمۡ كَمَا نَسِيتُمۡ لِقَآءَ يَوۡمِكُمۡ هَٰذَا وَمَأۡوَىٰكُمُ ٱلنَّارُ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن نَّٰصِرِينَ ٣٤
And it will be said, "Today We will forget you as you forgot the meeting of this Day of yours, and your refuge is the Fire, and for you there are no helpers.
真主对他们说：“今天，我将你们置于火狱中，因为你们曾不在意今天与我相会，故你们未以信仰和善行做准备，你们的居所就是火狱，你们绝无抵挡真主惩罚的援助者。”
45:35Page 502
ذَٰلِكُم بِأَنَّكُمُ ٱتَّخَذۡتُمۡ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ هُزُوٗا وَغَرَّتۡكُمُ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنۡيَاۚ فَٱلۡيَوۡمَ لَا يُخۡرَجُونَ مِنۡهَا وَلَا هُمۡ يُسۡتَعۡتَبُونَ ٣٥
That is because you took the verses of Allāh in ridicule, and worldly life deluded you." So that Day they will not be removed from it, nor will they be asked to appease [Allāh].
你们遭遇的惩罚是因为你们曾把真正的迹象当作嘲弄的笑柄，生活的各种享乐蒙骗了你们。今天，这些曾嘲笑真主迹象的不信道者无法逃出火狱，他们将永居其中，不被返回今世去行善，他们的主不喜悦他们。
45:36Page 502
فَلِلَّهِ ٱلۡحَمۡدُ رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَرَبِّ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٣٦
Then, to Allāh belongs [all] praise - Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, Lord of the worlds.
赞颂只归独一的真主，祂是天地万物的主宰，所有被造物的主宰。
45:37Page 502
وَلَهُ ٱلۡكِبۡرِيَآءُ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٣٧
And to Him belongs [all] grandeur within the heavens and the earth, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
天地间的伟大和宏图只归于祂，祂是万能的、不可战胜的，造化、前定、安排和律法都是至睿的。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences