Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
Yusuf 12:89–111
12:89Page 246
قَالَ هَلۡ عَلِمۡتُم مَّا فَعَلۡتُم بِيُوسُفَ وَأَخِيهِ إِذۡ أَنتُمۡ جَٰهِلُونَ ٨٩
He said, "Do you know what you did with Joseph and his brother when you were ignorant?"
当他听到他们的话时，对他们产生了恻隐之心，便让他们知道了自己是谁。他对他们说：“你们知道吗？当你们愚昧无知的时候，你们是怎样对待优素福和他弟弟的？”
12:90Page 246
قَالُوٓاْ أَءِنَّكَ لَأَنتَ يُوسُفُۖ قَالَ أَنَا۠ يُوسُفُ وَهَٰذَآ أَخِيۖ قَدۡ مَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡنَآۖ إِنَّهُۥ مَن يَتَّقِ وَيَصۡبِرۡ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجۡرَ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ٩٠
They said, "Are you indeed Joseph?" He said, "I am Joseph, and this is my brother. Allāh has certainly favored us. Indeed, he who fears Allāh and is patient, then indeed, Allāh does not allow to be lost the reward of those who do good."
他们大吃一惊，说：“难道你就是优素福吗？”优素福说：“我就是优素福。这是我的弟弟，真主确已降恩于我们了，让我们摆脱了困境。谁敬畏真主，服从真主的命令，远离真主的禁令，忍受真主的考验，他的行为就是善的，真主不会使行善者徒劳无酬，真主会保护行善者。”
12:91Page 246
قَالُواْ تَٱللَّهِ لَقَدۡ ءَاثَرَكَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡنَا وَإِن كُنَّا لَخَٰطِـِٔينَ ٩١
They said, "By Allāh, certainly has Allāh preferred you over us, and indeed, we have been sinners."
他的兄弟们向他道歉说：“指真主发誓，真主确已从我们中拣选了你，赐予你完美的品德，我们原先确实伤害了你，亏待了你。”
12:92Page 246
قَالَ لَا تَثۡرِيبَ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡيَوۡمَۖ يَغۡفِرُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡۖ وَهُوَ أَرۡحَمُ ٱلرَّٰحِمِينَ ٩٢
He said, "No blame will there be upon you today. May Allāh forgive you; and He is the most merciful of the merciful.
优素福接受了他们的道歉，他说：“今天对你们毫无谴责，祈求真主饶恕你们，祂是最仁慈的主。”
12:93Page 246
ٱذۡهَبُواْ بِقَمِيصِي هَٰذَا فَأَلۡقُوهُ عَلَىٰ وَجۡهِ أَبِي يَأۡتِ بَصِيرٗا وَأۡتُونِي بِأَهۡلِكُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٩٣
Take this, my shirt, and cast it over the face of my father; he will become seeing. And bring me your family, all together."
当他得知父亲失明时，就把自己的衬衫给他们，他说：“你们把我的这件衬衫带回去，将它蒙在他的脸上，他就会恢复视力。你们把自己的家人全都接到我这里来吧。”
12:94Page 246
وَلَمَّا فَصَلَتِ ٱلۡعِيرُ قَالَ أَبُوهُمۡ إِنِّي لَأَجِدُ رِيحَ يُوسُفَۖ لَوۡلَآ أَن تُفَنِّدُونِ ٩٤
And when the caravan departed [from Egypt], their father said,1 "Indeed, I find the smell of Joseph [and would say that he was alive] if you did not think me weakened in mind."
当队商从埃及出发时，叶尔孤白对自己身边的人说：“我确已闻到优素福的气味了，要不是你们说我老糊涂了（这个老人昏聩了，在胡说八道）。”
12:95Page 246
قَالُواْ تَٱللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَفِي ضَلَٰلِكَ ٱلۡقَدِيمِ ٩٥
They said, "By Allāh, indeed you are in your [same] old error."
他身边的孩子说：“指真主发誓，关于再见优素福，你还是处在原先的幻想中。”
12:96Page 247
فَلَمَّآ أَن جَآءَ ٱلۡبَشِيرُ أَلۡقَىٰهُ عَلَىٰ وَجۡهِهِۦ فَٱرۡتَدَّ بَصِيرٗاۖ قَالَ أَلَمۡ أَقُل لَّكُمۡ إِنِّيٓ أَعۡلَمُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ ٩٦
And when the bearer of good tidings1 arrived, he cast it over his face, and he returned [once again] seeing. He said, "Did I not tell you that I know from Allāh that which you do not know?"
当报喜者来到后，他就把优素福的衬衫蒙在叶尔孤白的脸上，他的眼睛恢复了视力。这时，他对自己的孩子说：“难道我没有对你们说过吗？我的确从真主那里知道你们所不知道的。”
12:97Page 247
قَالُواْ يَٰٓأَبَانَا ٱسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَآ إِنَّا كُنَّا خَٰطِـِٔينَ ٩٧
They said, "O our father, ask for us forgiveness of our sins; indeed, we have been sinners."
他的孩子们向叶尔孤白说：“父亲啊！请你为我们求饶，我们曾经确实伤害了优素福和他的弟弟。”
12:98Page 247
قَالَ سَوۡفَ أَسۡتَغۡفِرُ لَكُمۡ رَبِّيٓۖ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٩٨
He said, "I will ask forgiveness for you from my Lord. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful."
他们的父亲对他们说：“我将要为你们向我的主求饶。他对忏悔者是至恕的、至慈的。”
12:99Page 247
فَلَمَّا دَخَلُواْ عَلَىٰ يُوسُفَ ءَاوَىٰٓ إِلَيۡهِ أَبَوَيۡهِ وَقَالَ ٱدۡخُلُواْ مِصۡرَ إِن شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ ءَامِنِينَ ٩٩
And when they entered upon Joseph, he took his parents to himself [i.e., embraced them] and said, "Enter Egypt, Allāh willing, safe [and secure]."
叶尔孤白和他的家人离开故乡，前往埃及。当他们见到优素福时，一家人团聚了。优素福对自己的兄弟及其家眷说：“你们凭借真主的意欲平安地进入埃及吧！你们不会遭到任何伤害。”
12:100Page 247
وَرَفَعَ أَبَوَيۡهِ عَلَى ٱلۡعَرۡشِ وَخَرُّواْ لَهُۥ سُجَّدٗاۖ وَقَالَ يَٰٓأَبَتِ هَٰذَا تَأۡوِيلُ رُءۡيَٰيَ مِن قَبۡلُ قَدۡ جَعَلَهَا رَبِّي حَقّٗاۖ وَقَدۡ أَحۡسَنَ بِيٓ إِذۡ أَخۡرَجَنِي مِنَ ٱلسِّجۡنِ وَجَآءَ بِكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡبَدۡوِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ أَن نَّزَغَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ بَيۡنِي وَبَيۡنَ إِخۡوَتِيٓۚ إِنَّ رَبِّي لَطِيفٞ لِّمَا يَشَآءُۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ١٠٠
And he raised his parents upon the throne, and they bowed to him in prostration.1 And he said, "O my father, this is the explanation of my vision of before. My Lord has made it reality. And He was certainly good to me when He took me out of prison and brought you [here] from bedouin life after Satan had induced [estrangement] between me and my brothers. Indeed, my Lord is Subtle2 in what He wills. Indeed, it is He who is the Knowing, the Wise.
他让他的双亲坐在了高座上，他的双亲和兄弟们都为他以叩头而表示问候。这里的叩头表示尊重，而非崇拜。优素福的梦境实现了。因此，优素福对他的父亲说：“这就是我以前的梦境的解释，我的主已使它变成现实了。我的主确已优待了我，祂使我从监狱里出来，在恶魔离间我和我的兄弟之后，把你们从沙漠带到这里。我的主的安排确是奇妙的，祂全知仆人的情况，祂的安排是睿智的。”
12:101Page 247
۞ رَبِّ قَدۡ ءَاتَيۡتَنِي مِنَ ٱلۡمُلۡكِ وَعَلَّمۡتَنِي مِن تَأۡوِيلِ ٱلۡأَحَادِيثِۚ فَاطِرَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ أَنتَ وَلِيِّۦ فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۖ تَوَفَّنِي مُسۡلِمٗا وَأَلۡحِقۡنِي بِٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ ١٠١
My Lord, You have given me [something] of sovereignty and taught me of the interpretation of dreams. Creator of the heavens and earth, You are my protector in this world and the Hereafter. Cause me to die a Muslim and join me with the righteous."
然后，优素福向真主祈求，他说：“主啊！你确已赏赐我埃及的权力，教授我圆梦的知识。创造天地的主啊！在今世和后世，你都是我的事情的掌控者，求你使我作为顺从者而死去，使我与我的祖先中的善良者一同进入至高的乐园。”
12:102Page 247
ذَٰلِكَ مِنۡ أَنۢبَآءِ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ نُوحِيهِ إِلَيۡكَۖ وَمَا كُنتَ لَدَيۡهِمۡ إِذۡ أَجۡمَعُوٓاْ أَمۡرَهُمۡ وَهُمۡ يَمۡكُرُونَ ١٠٢
That is from the news of the unseen which We reveal, [O Muḥammad], to you. And you were not with them when they put together their plan while they conspired.
先知啊，这就是优素福和他的兄弟们的故事，我把它启示给你，你原先对此一无所知。当优素福的兄弟们密谋将他投入井中时，你并不在场，但是，我启示了你这个故事。
12:103Page 247
وَمَآ أَكۡثَرُ ٱلنَّاسِ وَلَوۡ حَرَصۡتَ بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٠٣
And most of the people, although you strive [for it], are not believers.
使者啊！即使你付出所有的努力，大多数人还是不信道，故你不要为他们而悲伤。
12:104Page 248
وَمَا تَسۡـَٔلُهُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ مِنۡ أَجۡرٍۚ إِنۡ هُوَ إِلَّا ذِكۡرٞ لِّلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٠٤
And you do not ask of them for it any payment. It is not except a reminder to the worlds.
使者啊！如果他们理解的话，一定会信仰你。因为你并不为传授《古兰经》而向他们索要报酬，《古兰经》只是对世人的教诲。
12:105Page 248
وَكَأَيِّن مِّنۡ ءَايَةٖ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ يَمُرُّونَ عَلَيۡهَا وَهُمۡ عَنۡهَا مُعۡرِضُونَ ١٠٥
And how many a sign within the heavens and earth do they pass over while they, therefrom, are turning away.
证明真主独一的迹象散布于天地之间，他们却对此视而不见，不加思考。
12:106Page 248
وَمَا يُؤۡمِنُ أَكۡثَرُهُم بِٱللَّهِ إِلَّا وَهُم مُّشۡرِكُونَ ١٠٦
And most of them believe not in Allāh except while they associate others with Him.
大多数人相信真主是创造者，供给者，生杀予夺者，但他们还是崇拜许多偶像，他们妄称真主有一个儿子。
12:107Page 248
أَفَأَمِنُوٓاْ أَن تَأۡتِيَهُمۡ غَٰشِيَةٞ مِّنۡ عَذَابِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡ تَأۡتِيَهُمُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ بَغۡتَةٗ وَهُمۡ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ ١٠٧
Then do they feel secure that there will not come to them an overwhelming [aspect] of the punishment of Allāh or that the Hour will not come upon them suddenly while they do not perceive?
难道这些以物配主的人不害怕今世的惩罚降临他们吗？他们无法抵挡这些惩罚。或者末日突然降临他们，他们丝毫也没有为此做好准备，他们也没有获得信仰。
12:108Page 248
قُلۡ هَٰذِهِۦ سَبِيلِيٓ أَدۡعُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱللَّهِۚ عَلَىٰ بَصِيرَةٍ أَنَا۠ وَمَنِ ٱتَّبَعَنِيۖ وَسُبۡحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أَنَا۠ مِنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ١٠٨
Say, "This is my way; I invite to Allāh with insight, I and those who follow me. And exalted is Allāh; and I am not of those who associate others with Him."
使者啊！你对人们说：“这是我宣传的道路，我和追随我的人，都是依据明证而宣传的。我不是以物配主的人，我是认主独一的人。”
12:109Page 248
وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالٗا نُّوحِيٓ إِلَيۡهِم مِّنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡقُرَىٰٓۗ أَفَلَمۡ يَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۗ وَلَدَارُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ خَيۡرٞ لِّلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوۡاْۚ أَفَلَا تَعۡقِلُونَ ١٠٩
And We sent not before you [as messengers] except men to whom We revealed from among the people of cities. So have they1 not traveled through the earth and observed how was the end of those before them? And the home of the Hereafter is best for those who fear Allāh; then will you not reason?
使者啊！在你之前，我所派遣的都是一些来自城市的男子，而不是天使。我启示他们，就像我启示你一样。他们的族人否认使者，我就毁灭了他们。难道这些否认者没有在大地上旅行，因而观察否认者的结局并吸取教训吗？后世的恩泽对于在今世敬畏的人是更好的。你们怎么不理解呢？你们当敬畏真主，服从真主的命令——最大的命令就是信仰，远离真主的禁令——最大的禁令就是以物配主。
12:110Page 248
حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا ٱسۡتَيۡـَٔسَ ٱلرُّسُلُ وَظَنُّوٓاْ أَنَّهُمۡ قَدۡ كُذِبُواْ جَآءَهُمۡ نَصۡرُنَا فَنُجِّيَ مَن نَّشَآءُۖ وَلَا يُرَدُّ بَأۡسُنَا عَنِ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ ١١٠
[They continued] until, when the messengers despaired and were certain that they had been denied, there came to them Our victory, and whoever We willed was saved. And Our punishment cannot be repelled from the people who are criminals.
我所派遣的这些使者，我都宽限他们的敌人，没有立即惩罚他们，而是逐渐地毁灭他们。直到当使者绝望，否认者沾沾自喜的时候，我的援助才降临，我拯救了使者和信士们，我对犯罪的民众的惩罚是无人能够抵挡的。
12:111Page 248
لَقَدۡ كَانَ فِي قَصَصِهِمۡ عِبۡرَةٞ لِّأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِۗ مَا كَانَ حَدِيثٗا يُفۡتَرَىٰ وَلَٰكِن تَصۡدِيقَ ٱلَّذِي بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهِ وَتَفۡصِيلَ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ وَهُدٗى وَرَحۡمَةٗ لِّقَوۡمٖ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ١١١
There was certainly in their stories a lesson for those of understanding. Never was it [i.e., the Qur’ān] a narration invented, but a confirmation of what was before it and a detailed explanation of all things and guidance and mercy for a people who believe.
在众先知及其他们民族的故事中，在优素福及其兄弟们的故事中，对于理智健全的人确有一种劝戒。它能证实以前的经典，阐明万事，引导至善，慈悯信道的民众，他们能从《古兰经》中获益。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences