Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
البقرة
Al-Baqarah
The Cow · Medinan · 286 ayahs
{艾列弗，俩目，米目}如果这些字母单独出现（如：艾列弗、巴稳、塔稳.....等）都只是些不具有实际意义的字母而已。《古兰经》中部分章节以阿拉伯语字母的缩写开始，然而，这些字母出现在《古兰经》章节中，却寓意云奥。《古兰经》中所述的每件事都富含哲理。以单独字母开始的《古兰经》章节最重要的哲理就体现在，以世人熟悉并经常使用的字母所组成的章节作为挑战，而人们却不解其意，从而引发人们的求知欲去进一步深思、探究《古兰经》，就如本章节所述。
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ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبُ لَا رَيۡبَۛ فِيهِۛ هُدٗى لِّلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٢
This is the Book about which there is no doubt, a guidance for those conscious of Allāh1 -
伟大的《古兰经》是一部毫无疑义的经典。无论从下降根源，还是文字和内容，都是真主至实的语言，是引导敬畏者走向真主的坦途。
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ٱلَّذِينَ يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقۡنَٰهُمۡ يُنفِقُونَ ٣
Who believe in the unseen, establish prayer,1 and spend out of what We2 have provided for them,
وَٱلَّذِينَ يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكَ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ مِن قَبۡلِكَ وَبِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ هُمۡ يُوقِنُونَ ٤
And who believe in what has been revealed to you, [O Muḥammad], and what was revealed before you, and of the Hereafter they are certain [in faith].
他们确信幽玄，即人的一切感官无法了解、而真实存在的事物。这些是伟大的真主和其使者告知我们的，如后世；他们立行拜功，以教法所规定的礼拜条件，按照主命、副主命和圣行项目的要求毕恭毕敬地完成；他们施舍真主恩赐的一部分。义务性施舍，如天课，或非义务性的，如自愿施舍，希望真主的回赐。他们坚信真主降示你－先知－以及在你之前所有先知的启示，一视同仁。他们完全相信后世的奖善惩恶。
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أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ عَلَىٰ هُدٗى مِّن رَّبِّهِمۡۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ٥
Those are upon [right] guidance from their Lord, and it is those who are the successful.
具备这些品德的人，他们被真主引领在正道上，他们以心想事成和从畏惧之事得以拯救而获得两世成功。
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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ سَوَآءٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَأَنذَرۡتَهُمۡ أَمۡ لَمۡ تُنذِرۡهُمۡ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ ٦
Indeed, those who disbelieve1 - it is all the same for them whether you warn them or do not warn them - they will not believe.
对于冥顽不化的坚持迷误和不信道的人们来说，你对他们警告与否都是一样的。
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خَتَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمۡ وَعَلَىٰ سَمۡعِهِمۡۖ وَعَلَىٰٓ أَبۡصَٰرِهِمۡ غِشَٰوَةٞۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ ٧
Allāh has set a seal upon their hearts and upon their hearing, and over their vision is a veil.1 And for them is a great punishment.
因为真主封闭了他们的心，使其内心妄自尊大；封闭了他们的听觉，使他们听不到善言而从善如流；遮蔽了他们的双眼，使他们无法看到真理，他们在后世将受到严厉的惩罚。
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وَمِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ مَن يَقُولُ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَبِٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَمَا هُم بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٨
And of the people are some who say, "We believe in Allāh and the Last Day," but they are not believers.
人们当中有一伙人，他们自称是信士。那样说只是害怕他们的生命和财产受到伤害，其实他们内心是不信道的。
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يُخَٰدِعُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَمَا يَخۡدَعُونَ إِلَّآ أَنفُسَهُمۡ وَمَا يَشۡعُرُونَ ٩
They [think to] deceive Allāh and those who believe, but they deceive not except themselves and perceive [it] not.
他们阳奉阴违，欺瞒伟大的真主和信士们。事实上，他们只是自欺，但却浑然不觉。因为伟大的真主彻知一切秘密和隐匿之事，并将他们的行为和情况告知信士们知晓。
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فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٞ فَزَادَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مَرَضٗاۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمُۢ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡذِبُونَ ١٠
In their hearts is disease, so Allāh has increased their disease;1 and for them is a painful punishment because they [habitually] used to lie.
究其原因是他们的内心有疾病，于是真主使他们病上加病，这是对他们所作所为的惩罚，他们将在最底层的火狱中受到严厉的惩罚。这皆因他们对真主和世人的欺骗，并否认降示给穆圣（愿主福安之）的经典。
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وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمۡ لَا تُفۡسِدُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّمَا نَحۡنُ مُصۡلِحُونَ ١١
And when it is said to them, "Do not cause corruption on the earth," they say, "We are but reformers."
如果禁止他们在大地上作恶与不信，他们就会否认并答复说自己是革新者和调解者。
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أَلَآ إِنَّهُمۡ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدُونَ وَلَٰكِن لَّا يَشۡعُرُونَ ١٢
Unquestionably, it is they who are the corrupters, but they perceive [it] not.
事实上，他们是作恶之人却浑然不觉，他们不认为自己的行为是在作恶。
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وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمۡ ءَامِنُواْ كَمَآ ءَامَنَ ٱلنَّاسُ قَالُوٓاْ أَنُؤۡمِنُ كَمَآ ءَامَنَ ٱلسُّفَهَآءُۗ أَلَآ إِنَّهُمۡ هُمُ ٱلسُّفَهَآءُ وَلَٰكِن لَّا يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٣
And when it is said to them, "Believe as the people have believed," they say, "Should we believe as the foolish have believed?" Unquestionably, it is they who are the foolish, but they know [it] not.
如果像命令穆圣（愿主福安之）的圣门弟子那样命令他们去信仰，他们会伴有讥讽和嘲笑的回答道：“我们会像那些头脑简单之人一样去信仰吗？”事实上，他们才是些没有头脑和思想之人，但他们却浑然不知。
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وَإِذَا لَقُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَإِذَا خَلَوۡاْ إِلَىٰ شَيَٰطِينِهِمۡ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا مَعَكُمۡ إِنَّمَا نَحۡنُ مُسۡتَهۡزِءُونَ ١٤
And when they meet those who believe, they say, "We believe"; but when they are alone with their evil ones, they say, "Indeed, we are with you; we were only mockers."
他们遇见信士们就会说：“我们信仰你们所信仰的。”他们能如此说是因为他们畏惧信士们。当信士们离开时，他们就会来到他们的首领面前，再三强调自己会坚决的跟随与拥护并说道：“我们追随你的道路，我们只是嘲弄他们，只是表面附和信士而已。”
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ٱللَّهُ يَسۡتَهۡزِئُ بِهِمۡ وَيَمُدُّهُمۡ فِي طُغۡيَٰنِهِمۡ يَعۡمَهُونَ ١٥
[But] Allāh mocks them and prolongs them in their transgression [while] they wander blindly.
真主将以他们嘲弄信士的方式回击他们，以他们的行为惩罚他们，他们在今世中将以信士的身份生活，至于后世他们将受到自己伪信与不信所带来的惩罚。同时，他们将不被引导，必然在迷误和残暴中徘徊。
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أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱشۡتَرَوُاْ ٱلضَّلَٰلَةَ بِٱلۡهُدَىٰ فَمَا رَبِحَت تِّجَٰرَتُهُمۡ وَمَا كَانُواْ مُهۡتَدِينَ ١٦
Those are the ones who have purchased error [in exchange] for guidance, so their transaction has brought no profit, nor were they guided.
这等人是迷误之人，因为他们以正信换取不信，他们的这宗买卖是折本的交易，他们损失了信仰真主的正信，他们是一群不被引领之人。
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مَثَلُهُمۡ كَمَثَلِ ٱلَّذِي ٱسۡتَوۡقَدَ نَارٗا فَلَمَّآ أَضَآءَتۡ مَا حَوۡلَهُۥ ذَهَبَ ٱللَّهُ بِنُورِهِمۡ وَتَرَكَهُمۡ فِي ظُلُمَٰتٖ لَّا يُبۡصِرُونَ ١٧
Their example is that of one who kindled a fire, but when it illuminated what was around him, Allāh took away their light and left them in darkness [so] they could not see.
真主将伪信士的情形描述成两种情况，一类似火、一类似水。将他们比喻成火，即他们如同燃火之人。当火燃后火光照耀四周，藉资取暖。待到火光已息，没有可燃烧之物时，他们依然处在黑暗之地，四周毫无所见，也得不到任何的指引。
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صُمُّۢ بُكۡمٌ عُمۡيٞ فَهُمۡ لَا يَرۡجِعُونَ ١٨
Deaf, dumb and blind - so they will not return [to the right path].
他们像聋子一样听不到，听不进任何的真理；像哑巴一样有口不能言；像瞎子一样看不到明证，他们无法迷途知返。
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أَوۡ كَصَيِّبٖ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ فِيهِ ظُلُمَٰتٞ وَرَعۡدٞ وَبَرۡقٞ يَجۡعَلُونَ أَصَٰبِعَهُمۡ فِيٓ ءَاذَانِهِم مِّنَ ٱلصَّوَٰعِقِ حَذَرَ ٱلۡمَوۡتِۚ وَٱللَّهُ مُحِيطُۢ بِٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٩
Or [it is] like a rainstorm from the sky within which is darkness, thunder and lightning. They put their fingers in their ears against the thunderclaps in dread of death. But Allāh is encompassing1 of the disbelievers.
将他们比喻成水，即他们如同遭遇到倾盆大雨之人。当天地昏暗，电闪雷鸣，黑云滚滚笼罩四周时，人们因巨大的雷声和害怕死亡，于是用手指堵住耳朵。真主将不信道者置于自己的掌握之中，他们无法僭越。
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يَكَادُ ٱلۡبَرۡقُ يَخۡطَفُ أَبۡصَٰرَهُمۡۖ كُلَّمَآ أَضَآءَ لَهُم مَّشَوۡاْ فِيهِ وَإِذَآ أَظۡلَمَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ قَامُواْۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَذَهَبَ بِسَمۡعِهِمۡ وَأَبۡصَٰرِهِمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ٢٠
The lightning almost snatches away their sight. Every time it lights [the way] for them, they walk therein; but when darkness comes over them, they stand [still]. And if Allāh had willed, He could have taken away their hearing and their sight. Indeed, Allāh is over all things competent.
闪电以其强、其猛、其快几乎夺去人们的视觉，每当电光闪耀照亮大地，他们就借着电光疾行。如果黑暗再度袭来，他们就驻足原地。如果真主意欲，以其大能夺去他们的听觉与视觉，他们将因拒绝真理而变成聋子和瞎子。 真主将《古兰经》比作雨，将警告比作雷声，将有时给予他们的真理比作闪电，将他们拒绝响应真理比作用手指堵住耳朵，伪信士与以上两种人的相似之处就是无法真正受益。第一个似火的例子中，燃火之人只在黑暗中获得了漆黑和灰烬；第二个似水的例子中，遇到大雨之人只在雨中获得了对电闪雷鸣的恐慌与畏惧心理。这就像伪信士们看不到伊斯兰的真谛所在，看到的只是严厉和残酷。
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ ٱعۡبُدُواْ رَبَّكُمُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَكُمۡ وَٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ ٢١
O mankind, worship your Lord, who created you and those before you, that you may become righteous -
“人们啊！你们只崇拜你们独一的养主吧！祂创造了你们，创造了你们之前的人，你们以遵循真主命令，放弃真主禁令而求得从真主惩罚上的保护吧。”
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ٱلَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ فِرَٰشٗا وَٱلسَّمَآءَ بِنَآءٗ وَأَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ فَأَخۡرَجَ بِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ رِزۡقٗا لَّكُمۡۖ فَلَا تَجۡعَلُواْ لِلَّهِ أَندَادٗا وَأَنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ٢٢
[He] who made for you the earth a bed [spread out] and the sky a ceiling and sent down from the sky, rain and brought forth thereby fruits as provision for you. So do not attribute to Allāh equals while you know [that there is nothing similar to Him].
是祂为了你们使大地变得平坦，使天空像穹庐一样笼罩在你们的上空。祂从云中降下甘露，并以此滋润生长出各类的果实供给你们食用。你们不要为祂设立同伴或以物配主，你们明知只有真主才是唯一的创造者。
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وَإِن كُنتُمۡ فِي رَيۡبٖ مِّمَّا نَزَّلۡنَا عَلَىٰ عَبۡدِنَا فَأۡتُواْ بِسُورَةٖ مِّن مِّثۡلِهِۦ وَٱدۡعُواْ شُهَدَآءَكُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ٢٣
And if you are in doubt about what We have sent down [i.e., the Qur’ān] upon Our Servant [i.e., Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ)], then produce a sūrah the like thereof and call upon your witnesses [i.e., supporters] other than Allāh, if you should be truthful.
人们啊！如果你们对真主降示给穆罕默德（愿主福安之）的这部《古兰经》有所怀疑，那么我向你们宣战，让你们做出类似的一章经文，哪怕是最短的一章。你们可以招来你们的援助者，如果你们是诚实的。
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فَإِن لَّمۡ تَفۡعَلُواْ وَلَن تَفۡعَلُواْ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱلنَّارَ ٱلَّتِي وَقُودُهَا ٱلنَّاسُ وَٱلۡحِجَارَةُۖ أُعِدَّتۡ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٢٤
But if you do not - and you will never be able to - then fear the Fire, whose fuel is people and stones, prepared for the disbelievers.
如果你们不能,而且你们永远无法做到，那么你们就小心以撒谎者和他们曾崇拜的各种石头为燃料的火狱吧！那些火狱是真主为不信道者所准备的。
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وَبَشِّرِ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ أَنَّ لَهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُۖ كُلَّمَا رُزِقُواْ مِنۡهَا مِن ثَمَرَةٖ رِّزۡقٗا قَالُواْ هَٰذَا ٱلَّذِي رُزِقۡنَا مِن قَبۡلُۖ وَأُتُواْ بِهِۦ مُتَشَٰبِهٗاۖ وَلَهُمۡ فِيهَآ أَزۡوَٰجٞ مُّطَهَّرَةٞۖ وَهُمۡ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ ٢٥
And give good tidings to those who believe and do righteous deeds that they will have gardens [in Paradise] beneath which rivers flow. Whenever they are provided with a provision of fruit therefrom, they will say, "This is what we were provided with before." And it is given to them in likeness. And they will have therein purified spouses, and they will abide therein eternally.
如果以上是对不信道者的恐吓，那么真主的使者啊，你向信仰真主并行善的信士们报喜吧！他们将得到树荫的环绕，下临诸河的乐园。每当他们品尝美味的果实时，他们会因与今世的果实相似而说：“这与我们以前吃过的一样啊！”给予他们从外形和名称上与今世相似的果实，以便他们因熟悉而欣然接受，但是乐园的果实从口感和味道上却与之截然不同。他们在乐园中还将得到有别于今世被污秽物侵扰的纯洁伴侣，他们将享有永不枯竭的恩惠并永居其中。
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۞ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَسۡتَحۡيِۦٓ أَن يَضۡرِبَ مَثَلٗا مَّا بَعُوضَةٗ فَمَا فَوۡقَهَاۚ فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فَيَعۡلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ ٱلۡحَقُّ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡۖ وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فَيَقُولُونَ مَاذَآ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ بِهَٰذَا مَثَلٗاۘ يُضِلُّ بِهِۦ كَثِيرٗا وَيَهۡدِي بِهِۦ كَثِيرٗاۚ وَمَا يُضِلُّ بِهِۦٓ إِلَّا ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ ٢٦
Indeed, Allāh is not timid to present an example - that of a mosquito or what is smaller1 than it. And those who have believed know that it is the truth from their Lord. But as for those who disbelieve, they say, "What did Allāh intend by this as an example?" He misleads many thereby and guides many thereby. And He misleads not except the defiantly disobedient,
的确，真主不鄙视用任何物譬喻它物。因此祂用蚊子设喻，或用更大、更小的事物设喻。人们面对类似譬喻会分成两大阵营：信道者和不信道者。信道者们，他们相信并知道这譬喻所蕴含的哲理。至于不信道者，他们会以嘲讽的口吻相互询问，以这渺小的事物，诸如蚊子、苍蝇和蜘蛛等等举例的意图何在？真主回应他们说：“这些譬喻中有对世人的指引和考验，谁以此譬喻受到教育就得以指引，这是大多数人。而只有迷误之人得不到指引，他们不顺从真主，就如伪信士一类。”
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ٱلَّذِينَ يَنقُضُونَ عَهۡدَ ٱللَّهِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مِيثَٰقِهِۦ وَيَقۡطَعُونَ مَآ أَمَرَ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦٓ أَن يُوصَلَ وَيُفۡسِدُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰسِرُونَ ٢٧
Who break the covenant of Allāh after contracting it and sever that which Allāh has ordered to be joined and cause corruption on earth. It is those who are the losers.
他们破坏与真主缔结的盟约，如拒绝崇拜独一的真主，拒绝信仰穆圣以及众使者肩负的使命等。他们弃绝了与真主的盟约，他们割断了与血亲的关系，并且在大地上作恶，制造混乱，他们在今后两世都是薄福之人。
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كَيۡفَ تَكۡفُرُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَكُنتُمۡ أَمۡوَٰتٗا فَأَحۡيَٰكُمۡۖ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمۡ ثُمَّ يُحۡيِيكُمۡ ثُمَّ إِلَيۡهِ تُرۡجَعُونَ ٢٨
How can you disbelieve in Allāh when you were lifeless and He brought you to life; then He will cause you to die, then He will bring you [back] to life, and then to Him you will be returned.
不信道者啊！你们的行径让人感到吃惊。你们怎么会否认真主呢？你们是亲眼见证真主赋予了你们能力的。你们本无生命，是真主赋予你们生命使你们降生到这个世界，之后你们的寿限终止，真主又再一次复活你们。然后，你们回归在祂的面前，祂在复活日将对你们的行为进行清算。
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هُوَ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَ لَكُم مَّا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ جَمِيعٗا ثُمَّ ٱسۡتَوَىٰٓ إِلَى ٱلسَّمَآءِ فَسَوَّىٰهُنَّ سَبۡعَ سَمَٰوَٰتٖۚ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٞ ٢٩
It is He who created for you all of that which is on the earth. Then He directed Himself1 to the heaven, [His being above all creation], and made them seven heavens, and He is Knowing of all things.
真主为你们创造了大地、树木、河流，以及地面上一切数不胜数的事物，你们乐享其中。之后，祂升起天空，使天空成为相等的七重天。真主对于万事确是全能的。
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وَإِذۡ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ إِنِّي جَاعِلٞ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ خَلِيفَةٗۖ قَالُوٓاْ أَتَجۡعَلُ فِيهَا مَن يُفۡسِدُ فِيهَا وَيَسۡفِكُ ٱلدِّمَآءَ وَنَحۡنُ نُسَبِّحُ بِحَمۡدِكَ وَنُقَدِّسُ لَكَۖ قَالَ إِنِّيٓ أَعۡلَمُ مَا لَا تَعۡلَمُونَ ٣٠
And [mention, O Muḥammad], when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I will make upon the earth a successive authority."1 They said, "Will You place upon it one who causes corruption therein and sheds blood, while we exalt You with praise and declare Your perfection?"2 He [Allāh] said, "Indeed, I know that which you do not know."
清高伟大的真主告知众天使说：“祂将在大地上创造人类，并以顺从真主之命委任他成为大地的代治者，代代相传。”众天使惊讶地询问他们的养主，为何将阿丹的子孙作为代治者？他们将在大地上作恶，将在大地上制造流血事件。众天使说：“我们顺服于你，称颂你、赞美你的大能与完美。”真主回答他们说：“我知道你们所不知道的创造他们的玄妙和委任其代治大地的伟大目的之所在。”
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وَعَلَّمَ ءَادَمَ ٱلۡأَسۡمَآءَ كُلَّهَا ثُمَّ عَرَضَهُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ فَقَالَ أَنۢبِـُٔونِي بِأَسۡمَآءِ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ٣١
And He taught Adam the names - all of them. Then He showed them to the angels and said, "Inform Me of the names of these, if you are truthful."
为了体现阿丹的重要性，清高的真主教授了阿丹一切事物的名称，包括生物、非生物、极其名称和意义。之后祂将这些名称展现在众天使面前，祂说：“如果你们是诚实的，请告诉我这些事物的名称吧！既然你们自认为比人类更高尚更尊贵。”
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قَالُواْ سُبۡحَٰنَكَ لَا عِلۡمَ لَنَآ إِلَّا مَا عَلَّمۡتَنَآۖ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٣٢
They said, "Exalted are You; we have no knowledge except what You have taught us. Indeed, it is You who is the Knowing,1 the Wise."2
他们—认识到自身的缺憾，回归到真主的恩典中说：“我们的养主啊！我们赞你超绝，赞你完美。我们只知道你教给我们的那些。的确，你彻知一切，你对于万事都是彻知其哲理的。”
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قَالَ يَٰٓـَٔادَمُ أَنۢبِئۡهُم بِأَسۡمَآئِهِمۡۖ فَلَمَّآ أَنۢبَأَهُم بِأَسۡمَآئِهِمۡ قَالَ أَلَمۡ أَقُل لَّكُمۡ إِنِّيٓ أَعۡلَمُ غَيۡبَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَأَعۡلَمُ مَا تُبۡدُونَ وَمَا كُنتُمۡ تَكۡتُمُونَ ٣٣
He said, "O Adam, inform them of their names." And when he had informed them of their names, He said, "Did I not tell you that I know the unseen [aspects] of the heavens and the earth? And I know what you reveal and what you have concealed."
这时，清高的真主对阿丹说：“你告诉他们所有事物的名称吧！”当阿丹将其养主教授他的名称告知众天使之后，真主对众天使说：“难道我没有告诉你们，我知道天地间一切公开和隐匿之事，知道你们的所思所想。”
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وَإِذۡ قُلۡنَا لِلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ ٱسۡجُدُواْ لِأٓدَمَ فَسَجَدُوٓاْ إِلَّآ إِبۡلِيسَ أَبَىٰ وَٱسۡتَكۡبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٣٤
And [mention] when We said to the angels, "Prostrate before Adam"; so they prostrated, except for Iblees.1 He refused and was arrogant and became of the disbelievers.
清高的真主命令众天使向阿丹叩首表示祝贺和尊重。众天使争先恐后的履行了真主的命令，唯有曾是精灵的易卜劣厮除外。他拒绝服从真主之命向阿丹叩首，并骄傲自大，因此他成为了悖逆清高真主的不信道者。
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وَقُلۡنَا يَٰٓـَٔادَمُ ٱسۡكُنۡ أَنتَ وَزَوۡجُكَ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ وَكُلَا مِنۡهَا رَغَدًا حَيۡثُ شِئۡتُمَا وَلَا تَقۡرَبَا هَٰذِهِ ٱلشَّجَرَةَ فَتَكُونَا مِنَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٣٥
And We said, "O Adam, dwell, you and your wife, in Paradise and eat therefrom in [ease and] abundance from wherever you will. But do not approach this tree, lest you be among the wrongdoers."
真主说：“阿丹啊！你和你的妻子哈娃，就住在乐园里吧！你们俩可以尽情随意地享用乐园之中的任何果实，但你们俩不要吃这棵树上的果实，那样，你们会因违抗真主命令而成为不义之人。”
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فَأَزَلَّهُمَا ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ عَنۡهَا فَأَخۡرَجَهُمَا مِمَّا كَانَا فِيهِۖ وَقُلۡنَا ٱهۡبِطُواْ بَعۡضُكُمۡ لِبَعۡضٍ عَدُوّٞۖ وَلَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مُسۡتَقَرّٞ وَمَتَٰعٌ إِلَىٰ حِينٖ ٣٦
But Satan caused them to slip out of it and removed them from that [condition] in which they had been. And We said, "Go down, [all of you], as enemies to one another, and you will have upon the earth a place of settlement and provision for a time."
恶魔一直挑唆诱骗他俩，直到他俩因吃了真主禁止他俩食用的那棵树的果实而犯下错误至于卑贱之中。他俩也因此被真主逐出曾经居住的乐园。真主对他俩和恶魔说：“你们从这里离开到大地上去吧！你们将互相为敌。大地上会有你们暂时的定所，并享受其恩典直到寿终。”
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فَتَلَقَّىٰٓ ءَادَمُ مِن رَّبِّهِۦ كَلِمَٰتٖ فَتَابَ عَلَيۡهِۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٣٧
Then Adam received from his Lord [some] words,1 and He accepted his repentance. Indeed, it is He who is the Accepting of Repentance,2 the Merciful.
阿丹接受了从其养主那里学到的祷词，真主启示他以此作为祈祷，即《古兰经》中所记述的祈祷词。阿丹和妻子说：“我们的养主啊！我们确已自亏，如果你不饶恕我们，不怜悯我们，那么我们必成折本之人。”（高处章：23）因此，真主接受了他俩的忏悔，饶恕了他俩的过错。真主是至恕的主、至慈的主。
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قُلۡنَا ٱهۡبِطُواْ مِنۡهَا جَمِيعٗاۖ فَإِمَّا يَأۡتِيَنَّكُم مِّنِّي هُدٗى فَمَن تَبِعَ هُدَايَ فَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ ٣٨
We said, "Go down from it, all of you. And when guidance comes to you from Me, whoever follows My guidance - there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve.
真主对他们说：“你们都从乐园出去，到大地上去吧！”当我的使者将我的引导带给你们，谁追随了我的引导，归信我的使者，那么他们在后世将不会恐惧，也不会因失去今世的一切而感到忧愁。
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وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَكَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِۖ هُمۡ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ ٣٩
And those who disbelieve and deny Our signs - those will be companions of the Fire; they will abide therein eternally."
至于否认并抵制我的启示之人，他们是火狱永久的居民。
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يَٰبَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱذۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَتِيَ ٱلَّتِيٓ أَنۡعَمۡتُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَأَوۡفُواْ بِعَهۡدِيٓ أُوفِ بِعَهۡدِكُمۡ وَإِيَّٰيَ فَٱرۡهَبُونِ ٤٠
O Children of Israel, remember My favor which I have bestowed upon you and fulfill My covenant [upon you] that I will fulfill your covenant [from Me], and be afraid of [only] Me.
先知叶尔古白的后裔们啊！你们应当铭记我所给予你们源源不断的恩典并应该感谢我。你们应履行与我的盟约——即信仰我，信仰我的使者，遵守我的宗教仪规。如果你们履行了与我的盟约，那么我必履行允诺，给予你们今世中的美好生活，后世中的优美的回报。你们应当只崇拜我，只畏惧我，不要爽约。
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وَءَامِنُواْ بِمَآ أَنزَلۡتُ مُصَدِّقٗا لِّمَا مَعَكُمۡ وَلَا تَكُونُوٓاْ أَوَّلَ كَافِرِۭ بِهِۦۖ وَلَا تَشۡتَرُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِي ثَمَنٗا قَلِيلٗا وَإِيَّٰيَ فَٱتَّقُونِ ٤١
And believe in what I have sent down confirming that which is [already] with you, and be not the first to disbelieve in it. And do not exchange My signs for a small price, and fear [only] Me.
你们要信仰我所降示给穆罕默德（愿主福安之）的尊贵的《古兰经》，那是在认主独一和承认穆圣圣品等事项上与未篡改前的《讨拉特》相一致的。你们应慎重，不要成为第一个否认《古兰经》之人，也不要用我所降示给你们的经典换取今世中的微薄之利，你们应当警惕我的恼怒与惩罚。
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وَلَا تَلۡبِسُواْ ٱلۡحَقَّ بِٱلۡبَٰطِلِ وَتَكۡتُمُواْ ٱلۡحَقَّ وَأَنتُمۡ تَعۡلَمُونَ ٤٢
And do not mix the truth with falsehood or conceal the truth while you know [it].
你们不要将自己杜撰的与我所降示给我的使者的真理混淆在一起；你们不要明知故犯的隐匿经典中关于描述穆罕默德特征的经文。
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وَأَقِيمُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتُواْ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَٱرۡكَعُواْ مَعَ ٱلرَّٰكِعِينَ ٤٣
And establish prayer and give zakāh1 and bow with those who bow [in worship and obedience].
你们应当按照礼拜的主命、副主命和圣行要求毕恭毕敬地完成礼拜；你们应将真主给予你们满贯的财产出散天课；你们应与穆罕默德（愿主福安之）民众中的顺从者一道顺从真主。
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۞ أَتَأۡمُرُونَ ٱلنَّاسَ بِٱلۡبِرِّ وَتَنسَوۡنَ أَنفُسَكُمۡ وَأَنتُمۡ تَتۡلُونَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَۚ أَفَلَا تَعۡقِلُونَ ٤٤
Do you order righteousness of the people and forget1 yourselves while you recite the Scripture? Then will you not reason?
你们命令他人信仰真主从善如流，却纵容自己放任自流。你们诵读《讨拉特》，并知道其命令你们追随真主的宗教和信仰真主的使者，你们对此不明白吗？
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وَٱسۡتَعِينُواْ بِٱلصَّبۡرِ وَٱلصَّلَوٰةِۚ وَإِنَّهَا لَكَبِيرَةٌ إِلَّا عَلَى ٱلۡخَٰشِعِينَ ٤٥
And seek help through patience and prayer; and indeed, it is difficult except for the humbly submissive [to Allāh]
你们应借助能接近真主的坚忍和礼拜来谋求你们一切宗教事务和今世事务上的援助。那样，真主就会援助你们，保护你们，使你们避免伤害。礼拜对于敬畏真主者，既不艰难也不困苦。但对于敬畏者则不然。
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ٱلَّذِينَ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُم مُّلَٰقُواْ رَبِّهِمۡ وَأَنَّهُمۡ إِلَيۡهِ رَٰجِعُونَ ٤٦
Who are certain that they will meet their Lord and that they will return to Him.
那是因为他们坚信，自己必将在复活日遇见其养主，将回归到祂那里接受清算。
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يَٰبَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱذۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَتِيَ ٱلَّتِيٓ أَنۡعَمۡتُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَأَنِّي فَضَّلۡتُكُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٤٧
O Children of Israel, remember My favor that I have bestowed upon you and that I preferred you over the worlds [i.e., peoples].
先知叶尔孤白的后裔啊！你们应铭记我所给予你们的宗教事务和今世事务上的种种恩典，你们应铭记我曾优待你们，给予你们超越同时代人的圣品和王权。
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وَٱتَّقُواْ يَوۡمٗا لَّا تَجۡزِي نَفۡسٌ عَن نَّفۡسٖ شَيۡـٔٗا وَلَا يُقۡبَلُ مِنۡهَا شَفَٰعَةٞ وَلَا يُؤۡخَذُ مِنۡهَا عَدۡلٞ وَلَا هُمۡ يُنصَرُونَ ٤٨
And fear a Day when no soul will suffice for another soul1 at all, nor will intercession be accepted from it, nor will compensation be taken from it, nor will they be aided.
你们应以劝善戒恶来远离复活日的惩罚。那一日，任何生命无济于他人，否认真主者的说情都得不到接受，即使以等同大地的黄金作为赎金也不会被采纳。那一日，他们没有援助者。可想而知，在没有赎金、说情者和援助者的情况下，哪里会有避难之地呢？
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وَإِذۡ نَجَّيۡنَٰكُم مِّنۡ ءَالِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ يَسُومُونَكُمۡ سُوٓءَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ يُذَبِّحُونَ أَبۡنَآءَكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَحۡيُونَ نِسَآءَكُمۡۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكُم بَلَآءٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ عَظِيمٞ ٤٩
And [recall] when We saved you [i.e., your forefathers] from the people of Pharaoh, who afflicted you with the worst torment, slaughtering your [newborn] sons and keeping your females alive. And in that was a great trial from your Lord.
以色列的后裔啊！你们应谨记我对你们的恩典。我从百般折磨、蹂躏你们的法老手中救出你们。当时，他们因为鄙视和轻贱而屠杀你们中的男子不留活口，被迫害者的妻女苟延残喘地活下来，还要服侍他们。我从法老及其手下的压迫、折磨中拯救了你们，这是来自养主对你们的巨大考验，但愿你们懂得感恩。
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وَإِذۡ فَرَقۡنَا بِكُمُ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ فَأَنجَيۡنَٰكُمۡ وَأَغۡرَقۡنَآ ءَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَأَنتُمۡ تَنظُرُونَ ٥٠
And [recall] when We parted the sea for you and saved you and drowned the people of Pharaoh while you were looking on.
你们应谨记我对你们的恩典。我分开红海显露出陆地，使你们的道路畅通无阻。我拯救了你们，而淹死了你们的敌人——法老及其民众，你们亲眼目睹了这一迹象。
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وَإِذۡ وَٰعَدۡنَا مُوسَىٰٓ أَرۡبَعِينَ لَيۡلَةٗ ثُمَّ ٱتَّخَذۡتُمُ ٱلۡعِجۡلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦ وَأَنتُمۡ ظَٰلِمُونَ ٥١
And [recall] when We made an appointment with Moses for forty nights. Then you took [for worship] the calf after him [i.e., his departure], while you were wrongdoers.
你们应谨记我对你们的恩典。我与穆萨约定在四十天内将如同光明、明证般的《讨拉特》降示完毕。但在这期间你们崇拜了牛犊，此举确是不义的。
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ثُمَّ عَفَوۡنَا عَنكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٥٢
Then We forgave you after that so perhaps you would be grateful.
之后，真主在你们忏悔之后原谅了你们，并没有惩罚你们，但愿你们以更好的崇拜和顺从来作为对祂的感谢。
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وَإِذۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَى ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡفُرۡقَانَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَهۡتَدُونَ ٥٣
And [recall] when We gave Moses the Scripture and criterion1 that perhaps you would be guided.
以色列的后裔啊！你们应谨记我对你们的恩典。我赐予穆萨分辨真伪、辨别明证与迷误的《讨拉特》，以便你们以它而获得真理和指引。
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وَإِذۡ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِۦ يَٰقَوۡمِ إِنَّكُمۡ ظَلَمۡتُمۡ أَنفُسَكُم بِٱتِّخَاذِكُمُ ٱلۡعِجۡلَ فَتُوبُوٓاْ إِلَىٰ بَارِئِكُمۡ فَٱقۡتُلُوٓاْ أَنفُسَكُمۡ ذَٰلِكُمۡ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡ عِندَ بَارِئِكُمۡ فَتَابَ عَلَيۡكُمۡۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٥٤
And [recall] when Moses said to his people, "O my people, indeed you have wronged yourselves by your taking of the calf [for worship]. So repent to your Creator and kill yourselves [i.e., the guilty among you]. That is best for [all of] you in the sight of your Creator." Then He accepted your repentance; indeed, He is the Accepting of Repentance, the Merciful.
你们应谨记我对你们的恩典。真主阐释了原谅你们崇拜牛犊的原因。当时穆萨对你们说：“你们确因崇拜牛犊而自毁其身！你们应向你们的造物主悔罪！你们应向你们的造物主悔罪，因为你们相互残杀。这种忏悔胜于你们顽固不化地背叛真主而最后坠于永久的火狱。你们在真主的佑助下完成了命令，于是真主原谅了你们，因为祂是至恕至慈的主。”
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وَإِذۡ قُلۡتُمۡ يَٰمُوسَىٰ لَن نُّؤۡمِنَ لَكَ حَتَّىٰ نَرَى ٱللَّهَ جَهۡرَةٗ فَأَخَذَتۡكُمُ ٱلصَّٰعِقَةُ وَأَنتُمۡ تَنظُرُونَ ٥٥
And [recall] when you said, "O Moses, we will never believe you until we see Allāh outright"; so the thunderbolt took you while you were looking on.
你们应谨记，当时你们胆大妄为地对穆萨说：“我们绝不会相信你，直到我们亲眼目睹真主的尊容。”于是真主降下烈火，燃烧了你们，而你们是亲眼目睹此景发生的。
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ثُمَّ بَعَثۡنَٰكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ مَوۡتِكُمۡ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٥٦
Then We revived you after your death that perhaps you would be grateful.
之后，真主在你们死后复活了你们，以便你们感谢真主使你们重生的恩慈。
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وَظَلَّلۡنَا عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡغَمَامَ وَأَنزَلۡنَا عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡمَنَّ وَٱلسَّلۡوَىٰۖ كُلُواْ مِن طَيِّبَٰتِ مَا رَزَقۡنَٰكُمۡۚ وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ٥٧
And We shaded you with clouds and sent down to you manna and quails, [saying], "Eat from the good things with which We have provided you." And they wronged Us not - but they were [only] wronging themselves.
你们应谨记我对你们的恩典。我用白云为你们遮荫，使你们免遭日晒；我为你们降下甘露如蜂蜜，给予你们肉质鲜美的小鸟。我对你们说：“你们享用我所给予你们的鲜美的食物吧！”但是他们否认了这种恩典，当然这无损于真主，而他们将会失去真主的恩惠并因此得到惩罚，最终自毁其身。
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وَإِذۡ قُلۡنَا ٱدۡخُلُواْ هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡقَرۡيَةَ فَكُلُواْ مِنۡهَا حَيۡثُ شِئۡتُمۡ رَغَدٗا وَٱدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡبَابَ سُجَّدٗا وَقُولُواْ حِطَّةٞ نَّغۡفِرۡ لَكُمۡ خَطَٰيَٰكُمۡۚ وَسَنَزِيدُ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ٥٨
And [recall] when We said, "Enter this city [i.e., Jerusalem] and eat from it wherever you will in [ease and] abundance, and enter the gate bowing humbly1 and say, 'Relieve us of our burdens [i.e., sins].' We will [then] forgive your sins for you, and We will increase the doers of good [in goodness and reward]."
你们应谨记真主给予你们的恩典。当时我对你们说：“你们进入耶路撒冷城吧！你们谦逊地进入城内，享受城内各种各样美味的食物，并祈求真主说：‘我们的养主啊！求你饶恕我们的罪过，应答我们的祈祷。’”我将加倍恩赐他们中的行善之人。
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فَبَدَّلَ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ قَوۡلًا غَيۡرَ ٱلَّذِي قِيلَ لَهُمۡ فَأَنزَلۡنَا عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ رِجۡزٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡسُقُونَ ٥٩
But those who wronged changed [those words] to a statement other than that which had been said to them, so We sent down upon those who wronged a punishment [i.e., plague] from the sky because they were defiantly disobeying.
他们中的不义之人更改了真主的命令，替换了所命令的言辞。他们仰卧的进入城内，并说：“红麦的种子”，他们以挑衅的逆行和揶揄的语言来亵渎天命。因此，真主为他们过分的行为和背叛主命的悖逆而降给他们无可逃避的灾难。
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۞ وَإِذِ ٱسۡتَسۡقَىٰ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِۦ فَقُلۡنَا ٱضۡرِب بِّعَصَاكَ ٱلۡحَجَرَۖ فَٱنفَجَرَتۡ مِنۡهُ ٱثۡنَتَا عَشۡرَةَ عَيۡنٗاۖ قَدۡ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُنَاسٖ مَّشۡرَبَهُمۡۖ كُلُواْ وَٱشۡرَبُواْ مِن رِّزۡقِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا تَعۡثَوۡاْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مُفۡسِدِينَ ٦٠
And [recall] when Moses prayed for water for his people, so We said, "Strike with your staff the stone." And there gushed forth from it twelve springs, and every people [i.e., tribe] knew its watering place. "Eat and drink from the provision of Allāh, and do not commit abuse on the earth, spreading corruption."
你们应谨记真主给予你们的恩典。当时你们流离失所，干渴难忍，穆萨祈求真主给予你们水源。真主命令穆萨用他的手杖敲打岩石。于是，他击打了。水从岩石中涌出，按照你们部落的个数对应的涌出了十二道，每一个部落都拥有了自己的饮水处，不至于相互争抢。真主对你们说：“你们享用真主给予你们的食物与饮料吧！这些是你们未付出任何努力而得到的，你们不要在大地上为非作歹。”
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وَإِذۡ قُلۡتُمۡ يَٰمُوسَىٰ لَن نَّصۡبِرَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامٖ وَٰحِدٖ فَٱدۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُخۡرِجۡ لَنَا مِمَّا تُنۢبِتُ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ مِنۢ بَقۡلِهَا وَقِثَّآئِهَا وَفُومِهَا وَعَدَسِهَا وَبَصَلِهَاۖ قَالَ أَتَسۡتَبۡدِلُونَ ٱلَّذِي هُوَ أَدۡنَىٰ بِٱلَّذِي هُوَ خَيۡرٌۚ ٱهۡبِطُواْ مِصۡرٗا فَإِنَّ لَكُم مَّا سَأَلۡتُمۡۗ وَضُرِبَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلذِّلَّةُ وَٱلۡمَسۡكَنَةُ وَبَآءُو بِغَضَبٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ يَكۡفُرُونَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَيَقۡتُلُونَ ٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ بِغَيۡرِ ٱلۡحَقِّۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا عَصَواْ وَّكَانُواْ يَعۡتَدُونَ ٦١
And [recall] when you said, "O Moses, we can never endure one [kind of] food. So call upon your Lord to bring forth for us from the earth its green herbs and its cucumbers and its garlic and its lentils and its onions." [Moses] said, "Would you exchange what is better for what is less? Go into [any] settlement and indeed, you will have what you have asked." And they were covered with humiliation and poverty and returned with anger from Allāh [upon them]. That was because they [repeatedly] disbelieved in the signs of Allāh and killed the prophets without right. That was because they disobeyed and were [habitually] transgressing.
你们应谨记你们背弃了你们养主的恩赐。你们已厌烦食用真主赐予你们的甘露和鹌鹑。你们说：“我们无法忍受单一的一成不变的食物。”于是你们要求穆萨向真主祈求为你们从地里生长出蔬菜—玉瓜（类似于黄瓜，但稍大些） 、大蒜、扁豆和绿葱。穆萨反问你们：“你们愿意用较少、较贱的事物来换取较好、较贵的蜜蘑菇和鹌鹑吗？”然而这些都是你们无偿得到的。你们从这块土地出去到任意的村庄去吧！你们将在那里的村庄和市集里找到你们所需之物。由于你们再三拒绝真主为你们所选之物，因此卑贱、贫穷和迷茫将与你们形影不离。他们拒绝真主的宗教、否认真主的迹象、不义地枉杀真主派遣的使者们，因而受到真主的恼怒。这一切究其原因都是由于你们背叛真主并僭越其法度所造成的。
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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰ وَٱلصَّٰبِـِٔينَ مَنۡ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَلَهُمۡ أَجۡرُهُمۡ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ وَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ ٦٢
Indeed, those who believed and those who were Jews or Christians or Sabeans [before Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ)] - those [among them] who believed in Allāh and the Last Day and did righteousness - will have their reward with their Lord, and no fear will there be concerning them, nor will they grieve1.
这个民族以及派遣穆罕默德（愿主福安之）为圣之前先民中的，无论是犹太教徒、基督教徒或是拜星教徒（他们是圣人们的一些追随者），只要他们信仰真主、信仰后世，那么必定会得到其养主的回赐。因而，他们对将要面临的后世不会感到恐惧，对今世所错失的事情也不会感到忧愁。
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وَإِذۡ أَخَذۡنَا مِيثَٰقَكُمۡ وَرَفَعۡنَا فَوۡقَكُمُ ٱلطُّورَ خُذُواْ مَآ ءَاتَيۡنَٰكُم بِقُوَّةٖ وَٱذۡكُرُواْ مَا فِيهِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ ٦٣
And [recall] when We took your covenant, [O Children of Israel, to abide by the Torah] and We raised over you the mount, [saying], "Take what We have given you with determination and remember what is in it that perhaps you may become righteous."
你们应记住你们曾向我立约，要信仰我以及我的使者。我将山升过你们的头顶来警示其中那些违约之人，并命令你们要坚守我所降示予你们的《讨拉特》 ，不要懈怠、不要偷懒，牢记其中的律例并恪守实施，但愿你们以行动来远离真主的惩罚。
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ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيۡتُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَۖ فَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَتُهُۥ لَكُنتُم مِّنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ٦٤
Then you turned away after that. And if not for the favor of Allāh upon you and His mercy, you would have been among the losers.
你们与真主立约，之后违背了自己的誓言并背叛了真主。假若没有真主施予你们的恩惠，并仁慈的接受你们的忏悔，那么你们将因背叛和背信弃义而成为亏折之人。
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وَلَقَدۡ عَلِمۡتُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱعۡتَدَوۡاْ مِنكُمۡ فِي ٱلسَّبۡتِ فَقُلۡنَا لَهُمۡ كُونُواْ قِرَدَةً خَٰسِـِٔينَ ٦٥
And you had already known about those who transgressed among you concerning the sabbath, and We said to them, "Be apes, despised."
你们确已知道，你们的先辈中有人在禁止捕鱼的安息日中僭越法度。他们投机取巧，在安息日之前撒下网，在周日收网。真主将这些投机取巧之人变成了卑贱的猴子，以示对其投机行为的惩罚。
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فَجَعَلۡنَٰهَا نَكَٰلٗا لِّمَا بَيۡنَ يَدَيۡهَا وَمَا خَلۡفَهَا وَمَوۡعِظَةٗ لِّلۡمُتَّقِينَ ٦٦
And We made it a deterrent punishment for those who were present and those who succeeded [them] and a lesson for those who fear Allāh.
我使这个僭越真主法度的村庄，成为临近村庄以及后人们引以为戒的教训，以便杜绝再有人步其后尘而受到同样的惩罚。我也使它成为敬畏真主，害怕真主刑罚之人的警示。
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وَإِذۡ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِۦٓ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَأۡمُرُكُمۡ أَن تَذۡبَحُواْ بَقَرَةٗۖ قَالُوٓاْ أَتَتَّخِذُنَا هُزُوٗاۖ قَالَ أَعُوذُ بِٱللَّهِ أَنۡ أَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡجَٰهِلِينَ ٦٧
And [recall] when Moses said to his people, "Indeed, Allāh commands you to slaughter a cow." They said, "Do you take us in ridicule?" He said, "I seek refuge in Allāh from being among the ignorant."
你们应谨记你们的先辈与真主的使者穆萨之间的故事。当时穆萨命令他们按照真主的要求去宰杀一头母牛。他们没有立即执行而是托辞地说：“你拿我们开玩笑吗？”穆萨说：“我求助于真主使我不要成为欺瞒真主、戏弄他人者。”
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قَالُواْ ٱدۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّن لَّنَا مَا هِيَۚ قَالَ إِنَّهُۥ يَقُولُ إِنَّهَا بَقَرَةٞ لَّا فَارِضٞ وَلَا بِكۡرٌ عَوَانُۢ بَيۡنَ ذَٰلِكَۖ فَٱفۡعَلُواْ مَا تُؤۡمَرُونَ ٦٨
They said, "Call upon your Lord to make clear to us what it is." [Moses] said, "[Allāh] says, 'It is a cow which is neither old nor virgin, but median between that,' so do what you are commanded."
他们对穆萨说：“你为我们向你的养主祈求，给予我们辨明受命将要宰杀的这头母牛的特征吧。”穆萨对他们说：“真主说：‘它是一头年龄不大也不小的适龄母牛’，你们赶紧按照祂的命令去做吧！”
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قَالُواْ ٱدۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّن لَّنَا مَا لَوۡنُهَاۚ قَالَ إِنَّهُۥ يَقُولُ إِنَّهَا بَقَرَةٞ صَفۡرَآءُ فَاقِعٞ لَّوۡنُهَا تَسُرُّ ٱلنَّٰظِرِينَ ٦٩
They said, "Call upon your Lord to show us what is her color." He said, "He says, 'It is a yellow cow, bright in color - pleasing to the observers.'"
他们仍然偏执而苛刻地对穆萨说：“你向你的养主祈求，以便为我们辩明它的颜色。”穆萨对他们说：“的确真主说：‘它是一头毛色纯黄的母牛，所见者对它都由衷的喜欢。’”
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قَالُواْ ٱدۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ يُبَيِّن لَّنَا مَا هِيَ إِنَّ ٱلۡبَقَرَ تَشَٰبَهَ عَلَيۡنَا وَإِنَّآ إِن شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَمُهۡتَدُونَ ٧٠
They said, "Call upon your Lord to make clear to us what it is. Indeed, [all] cows look alike to us. And indeed we, if Allāh wills, will be guided."
之后，他们一再固执地追问：“你向你的养主祈求，以便让我们更清楚了解它的特征。因为具有上述特征的母牛很多，我们也无法得知。如果真主意欲，我们一定会找到符合要求的母牛，并宰杀它。”
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قَالَ إِنَّهُۥ يَقُولُ إِنَّهَا بَقَرَةٞ لَّا ذَلُولٞ تُثِيرُ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَلَا تَسۡقِي ٱلۡحَرۡثَ مُسَلَّمَةٞ لَّا شِيَةَ فِيهَاۚ قَالُواْ ٱلۡـَٰٔنَ جِئۡتَ بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ فَذَبَحُوهَا وَمَا كَادُواْ يَفۡعَلُونَ ٧١
He said, "He says, 'It is a cow neither trained to plow the earth nor to irrigate the field, one free from fault with no spot upon her.'" They said, "Now you have come with the truth." So they slaughtered her, but they could hardly do it.
穆萨对他们说：“真主说：‘这头牛的特征是没有被吆喝着耕过地，也没有浇灌过庄稼。它完美无瑕，通身黄毛没有一根杂毛。’”此时，他们说：“现在你才全面的告诉了我们牛的具体特征。”于是他们宰杀了母牛，他们曾因争执和固执几乎不想宰杀它。
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وَإِذۡ قَتَلۡتُمۡ نَفۡسٗا فَٱدَّٰرَٰءۡتُمۡ فِيهَاۖ وَٱللَّهُ مُخۡرِجٞ مَّا كُنتُمۡ تَكۡتُمُونَ ٧٢
And [recall] when you slew a man and disputed1 over it, but Allāh was to bring out that which you were concealing.
你们应谨记当时你们都在为自己辩解，因为你们中有人杀了其中的一个人。每个人都想撇清自己，将责任推卸给别人，而与他人争论不休。真主为你们澄清真相，公开隐情。
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فَقُلۡنَا ٱضۡرِبُوهُ بِبَعۡضِهَاۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُحۡيِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ وَيُرِيكُمۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَعۡقِلُونَ ٧٣
So We said, "Strike him [i.e., the slain man] with part of it."1 Thus does Allāh bring the dead to life, and He shows you His signs that you might reason.
真主对你们说：“你们用受命所宰的母牛的一个肢体去敲打尸体，真主将使死者复活而揭发真凶。”于是他们照做了，死者死而复生揭发了真凶。真主在复活日时也会像复活这个死尸那样复活众人。真主通过向你们显现各种迹象来证明他的能力，但愿你们思考之后能有所启示并坚信真主的伟大。
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ثُمَّ قَسَتۡ قُلُوبُكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ فَهِيَ كَٱلۡحِجَارَةِ أَوۡ أَشَدُّ قَسۡوَةٗۚ وَإِنَّ مِنَ ٱلۡحِجَارَةِ لَمَا يَتَفَجَّرُ مِنۡهُ ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُۚ وَإِنَّ مِنۡهَا لَمَا يَشَّقَّقُ فَيَخۡرُجُ مِنۡهُ ٱلۡمَآءُۚ وَإِنَّ مِنۡهَا لَمَا يَهۡبِطُ مِنۡ خَشۡيَةِ ٱللَّهِۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ بِغَٰفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعۡمَلُونَ ٧٤
Then your hearts became hardened after that, being like stones or even harder. For indeed, there are stones from which rivers burst forth, and there are some of them that split open and water comes out, and there are some of them that fall down for fear of Allāh. And Allāh is not unaware of what you do.
他们在亲眼目睹了这个伟大的迹象和明显的奇迹之后，心变得如同岩石一般僵硬或更甚之，因为他们的心永远不会改变其本质。至于岩石，有的可以从中涌出潺潺的溪流；有的可以崩裂出使人畜受益的泉水；有的因惧怕真主的威严从山顶崩裂滚落。然而，人心却不似这样。没有任何事可以隐瞒真主，祂是彻知的主，祂将因你们的所作所为而惩罚你们。
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۞ أَفَتَطۡمَعُونَ أَن يُؤۡمِنُواْ لَكُمۡ وَقَدۡ كَانَ فَرِيقٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ يَسۡمَعُونَ كَلَٰمَ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ يُحَرِّفُونَهُۥ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا عَقَلُوهُ وَهُمۡ يَعۡلَمُونَ ٧٥
Do you covet [the hope, O believers], that they would believe for you while a party of them used to hear the words of Allāh and then distort it [i.e., the Torah] after they had understood it while they were knowing?
信士们啊！难道你们在知道犹太教徒的真实面目和顽固偏执之后，还希望他们信仰并加入到你们的行列之中吗？他们中一些学者聆听到真主降示给他们的《讨拉特》，在理解、熟读之后篡改其内容，他们明知而故犯。
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وَإِذَا لَقُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَإِذَا خَلَا بَعۡضُهُمۡ إِلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ قَالُوٓاْ أَتُحَدِّثُونَهُم بِمَا فَتَحَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ لِيُحَآجُّوكُم بِهِۦ عِندَ رَبِّكُمۡۚ أَفَلَا تَعۡقِلُونَ ٧٦
And when they meet those who believe, they say, "We have believed"; but when they are alone with one another, they say, "Do you talk to them about what Allāh has revealed to you so they can argue with you about it before your Lord?" Then will you not reason?
犹太教徒的矛盾及其诡计在于，如果他们中有人遇见信士，就会向信士表示自己承认穆圣（愿主福安之）使命的正确性，并以《讨拉特》的内容作为其说辞的佐证。但是，当犹太教徒独处时，他们却相互埋怨为什么要承认这些。他们之所以会承认，是因为穆斯林会以他们拒不承认穆圣（愿主福安之）使命的正确性为由，对他们进行讨伐。
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أَوَلَا يَعۡلَمُونَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعۡلَمُ مَا يُسِرُّونَ وَمَا يُعۡلِنُونَ ٧٧
But do they not know that Allāh knows what they conceal and what they declare?
这些犹太教徒如此可耻的行径，好似不知道真主能彻知他们的一切——无论是他们所公开的言语和行为，抑或是所隐讳的。真主将在众人面前揭露他们的丑行。
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وَمِنۡهُمۡ أُمِّيُّونَ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ إِلَّآ أَمَانِيَّ وَإِنۡ هُمۡ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ ٧٨
And among them are unlettered ones who do not know the Scripture except [indulgement in] wishful thinking, but they are only assuming.
犹太教徒中有一伙人，他们除了诵读，对《讨拉特》一无所知，更不理解其意。他们只会听从修士们的妄言，他们只会听从修士们的妄言，认为这就是真主降示的《讨拉特》。
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فَوَيۡلٞ لِّلَّذِينَ يَكۡتُبُونَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ بِأَيۡدِيهِمۡ ثُمَّ يَقُولُونَ هَٰذَا مِنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ لِيَشۡتَرُواْ بِهِۦ ثَمَنٗا قَلِيلٗاۖ فَوَيۡلٞ لَّهُم مِّمَّا كَتَبَتۡ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَوَيۡلٞ لَّهُم مِّمَّا يَكۡسِبُونَ ٧٩
So woe1 to those who write the "scripture" with their own hands, then say, "This is from Allāh," in order to exchange it for a small price. Woe to them for what their hands have written and woe to them for what they earn.
严惩和毁灭将等待着这些篡改《讨拉特》、自作经文并谎称是原著的犹太学者们。他们为了今世的—诸如，钱财和权利等利益而替换原文，放弃真理。他们会因敛财和谋权而篡改经典的罪行遭到严惩，直至毁灭。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences