Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
Taha 20:110–135
20:110Page 319
يَعۡلَمُ مَا بَيۡنَ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَمَا خَلۡفَهُمۡ وَلَا يُحِيطُونَ بِهِۦ عِلۡمٗا ١١٠
He [i.e., Allāh] knows what is [presently] before them and what will be after them,1 but they do not encompass it [i.e., what He knows] in knowledge.
真主知道人们在末日的情景，也知道人们在今世的所作所为。所有的仆人都对真主的本体和属性一无所知。
20:111Page 319
۞ وَعَنَتِ ٱلۡوُجُوهُ لِلۡحَيِّ ٱلۡقَيُّومِۖ وَقَدۡ خَابَ مَنۡ حَمَلَ ظُلۡمٗا ١١١
And [all] faces will be humbled before the Ever-Living, the Self-Sustaining.1 And he will have failed who carries injustice.2
人们对永生不灭的主表示谦恭和臣服。真主在安排着仆人的事务。犯罪而使自己遭到毁灭的人确已亏折了。
20:112Page 319
وَمَن يَعۡمَلۡ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَهُوَ مُؤۡمِنٞ فَلَا يَخَافُ ظُلۡمٗا وَلَا هَضۡمٗا ١١٢
But he who does of righteous deeds while he is a believer - he will neither fear injustice nor deprivation.
谁行善并信仰真主和使者，他将获得充足的报酬，他不害怕亏枉，他不会因没有犯的罪而受惩罚，他善功的回赐也不会减少。
20:113Page 319
وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَنزَلۡنَٰهُ قُرۡءَانًا عَرَبِيّٗا وَصَرَّفۡنَا فِيهِ مِنَ ٱلۡوَعِيدِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَّقُونَ أَوۡ يُحۡدِثُ لَهُمۡ ذِكۡرٗا ١١٣
And thus We have sent it down as an Arabic Qur’ān1 and have diversified therein the warnings that perhaps they will avoid [sin] or it would cause them remembrance.
正如我讲述前人的故事那样，我以明确的阿拉伯语降示了这部《古兰经》，我在其中阐明了各种警告和畏惧。希望他们畏惧真主，或者从中吸取教训。
20:114Page 320
فَتَعَٰلَى ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمَلِكُ ٱلۡحَقُّۗ وَلَا تَعۡجَلۡ بِٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن يُقۡضَىٰٓ إِلَيۡكَ وَحۡيُهُۥۖ وَقُل رَّبِّ زِدۡنِي عِلۡمٗا ١١٤
So high [above all] is Allāh, the Sovereign,1 the Truth.2 And, [O Muḥammad], do not hasten with [recitation of] the Qur’ān before its revelation is completed to you, and say, "My Lord, increase me in knowledge."
真主超绝万物，祂真圣洁，真伟大。祂拥有一切，祂是真实的，祂的言辞也是真实的。祂超越于多神教徒的描述。使者啊！使者啊！在吉卜利勒还没有给你启示完《古兰经》时，你不要急着诵读。你说：“主啊，求你增加我的知识。”
20:115Page 320
وَلَقَدۡ عَهِدۡنَآ إِلَىٰٓ ءَادَمَ مِن قَبۡلُ فَنَسِيَ وَلَمۡ نَجِدۡ لَهُۥ عَزۡمٗا ١١٥
And We had already taken a promise from Adam before, but he forgot; and We found not in him determination.1
以前，我确已嘱托阿丹，不要吃禁果，并为他说明了那样做的结果。但他忘记了嘱托，吃了禁果，他未能克制自己，我没有发现他有任何决心。
20:116Page 320
وَإِذۡ قُلۡنَا لِلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ ٱسۡجُدُواْ لِأٓدَمَ فَسَجَدُوٓاْ إِلَّآ إِبۡلِيسَ أَبَىٰ ١١٦
And [mention] when We said to the angels, "Prostrate to Adam," and they prostrated, except Iblees;1 he refused.
使者啊！你当提及，当时我对众天使说：“你们向阿丹叩头表示祝贺吧。”他们都叩了头，只有易卜劣厮——他与天使在一起，但他不是天使，由于骄傲自大而拒绝叩头。
20:117Page 320
فَقُلۡنَا يَٰٓـَٔادَمُ إِنَّ هَٰذَا عَدُوّٞ لَّكَ وَلِزَوۡجِكَ فَلَا يُخۡرِجَنَّكُمَا مِنَ ٱلۡجَنَّةِ فَتَشۡقَىٰٓ ١١٧
So We said, "O Adam, indeed this is an enemy to you and to your wife. Then let him not remove you from Paradise so you would suffer.
我说：“阿丹啊！易卜劣厮是你和你的妻子的敌人，你们不要受他教唆而被逐出乐园，那样你会承受艰辛和苦难的。”
20:118Page 320
إِنَّ لَكَ أَلَّا تَجُوعَ فِيهَا وَلَا تَعۡرَىٰ ١١٨
Indeed, it is [promised] for you not to be hungry therein or be unclothed.
真主让你在天堂中有吃的，你不会感到饥饿；使你有衣服穿，你不会因此裸露。
20:119Page 320
وَأَنَّكَ لَا تَظۡمَؤُاْ فِيهَا وَلَا تَضۡحَىٰ ١١٩
And indeed, you will not be thirsty therein or be hot from the sun."
使你有水喝，你不会感到口渴；使你有阴凉可乘，你不会感到炎热。
20:120Page 320
فَوَسۡوَسَ إِلَيۡهِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ قَالَ يَٰٓـَٔادَمُ هَلۡ أَدُلُّكَ عَلَىٰ شَجَرَةِ ٱلۡخُلۡدِ وَمُلۡكٖ لَّا يَبۡلَىٰ ١٢٠
Then Satan whispered to him; he said, "O Adam, shall I direct you to the tree of eternity and possession that will not deteriorate?"
恶魔教唆了阿丹，对他说：“我指示你一棵树，谁吃了它的果实就会长生不老，拥有永不消失的权力，好吗？”
20:121Page 320
فَأَكَلَا مِنۡهَا فَبَدَتۡ لَهُمَا سَوۡءَٰتُهُمَا وَطَفِقَا يَخۡصِفَانِ عَلَيۡهِمَا مِن وَرَقِ ٱلۡجَنَّةِۚ وَعَصَىٰٓ ءَادَمُ رَبَّهُۥ فَغَوَىٰ ١٢١
And they [i.e., Adam and his wife] ate of it, and their private parts became apparent to them, and they began to fasten over themselves from the leaves of Paradise. And Adam disobeyed his Lord and erred.
阿丹和哈娃吃了禁果，俩人的羞体显露出来。他俩开始用园里的树叶来遮羞。阿丹违抗了真主的命令，他没有远离那棵树，他做了不该做的事。
20:122Page 320
ثُمَّ ٱجۡتَبَٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ فَتَابَ عَلَيۡهِ وَهَدَىٰ ١٢٢
Then his Lord chose him and turned to him in forgiveness and guided [him].
然后，主选拔了他，接受了他的忏悔，引导他走向正道。
20:123Page 320
قَالَ ٱهۡبِطَا مِنۡهَا جَمِيعَۢاۖ بَعۡضُكُمۡ لِبَعۡضٍ عَدُوّٞۖ فَإِمَّا يَأۡتِيَنَّكُم مِّنِّي هُدٗى فَمَنِ ٱتَّبَعَ هُدَايَ فَلَا يَضِلُّ وَلَا يَشۡقَىٰ ١٢٣
[Allāh] said, "Descend from it [i.e., Paradise] - all, [your descendants] being enemies to one another. And if there should come to you guidance from Me - then whoever follows My guidance will neither go astray [in the world] nor suffer [in the Hereafter].
真主对阿丹和哈娃说：“你俩和易卜劣厮从乐园中下去吧。他是你们的敌人，你们也是他的敌人。如果我的引导来临于你们，谁遵循正道，实践启示，他就不会迷误，他在后世也不会成为薄福的人，不然，真主会让他进入天堂。”
20:124Page 320
وَمَنۡ أَعۡرَضَ عَن ذِكۡرِي فَإِنَّ لَهُۥ مَعِيشَةٗ ضَنكٗا وَنَحۡشُرُهُۥ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ أَعۡمَىٰ ١٢٤
And whoever turns away from My remembrance - indeed, he will have a depressed [i.e., difficult] life, and We will gather [i.e., raise] him on the Day of Resurrection blind."
谁拒绝我的教诲，不响应我的号召，他将在今世过窘迫的生活。在复活日，我将使他失明，并在无法辩驳状况下被召集起来。
20:125Page 320
قَالَ رَبِّ لِمَ حَشَرۡتَنِيٓ أَعۡمَىٰ وَقَدۡ كُنتُ بَصِيرٗا ١٢٥
He will say, "My Lord, why have you raised me blind while I was [once] seeing?"
这个拒绝教诲的人说：“主啊！你为何把我盲目的召集来呢？我在今世是明眼的。”
20:126Page 321
قَالَ كَذَٰلِكَ أَتَتۡكَ ءَايَٰتُنَا فَنَسِيتَهَاۖ وَكَذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ تُنسَىٰ ١٢٦
[Allāh] will say, "Thus did Our signs come to you, and you forgot [i.e., disregarded] them; and thus will you this Day be forgotten."
真主反驳他说：“你在今世就是那样做的。我的迹象降临了你，你却拒绝它，放弃它。同样，你今天要被遗弃在刑罚里。”
20:127Page 321
وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي مَنۡ أَسۡرَفَ وَلَمۡ يُؤۡمِنۢ بِـَٔايَٰتِ رَبِّهِۦۚ وَلَعَذَابُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ أَشَدُّ وَأَبۡقَىٰٓ ١٢٧
And thus do We recompense he who transgressed and did not believe in the signs of his Lord. And the punishment of the Hereafter is more severe and more enduring.1
我就这样回报沉湎于私欲，拒绝信仰主的明显迹象的人。后世的刑罚比今世的窘迫生活更严厉，更长久。
20:128Page 321
أَفَلَمۡ يَهۡدِ لَهُمۡ كَمۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَا قَبۡلَهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡقُرُونِ يَمۡشُونَ فِي مَسَٰكِنِهِمۡۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّأُوْلِي ٱلنُّهَىٰ ١٢٨
Then, has it not become clear to them how many generations We destroyed before them as they walk among their dwellings? Indeed in that are signs for those of intelligence.
难道以物配主的人没有发现吗？我曾毁灭了他们之前的许多民族，他们行走在那些民族的故乡，亲眼目睹了他们的遭遇。对于有理智的人，他们遭到的毁灭就是教训。
20:129Page 321
وَلَوۡلَا كَلِمَةٞ سَبَقَتۡ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَكَانَ لِزَامٗا وَأَجَلٞ مُّسَمّٗى ١٢٩
And if not for a word1 that preceded from your Lord, it [i.e., punishment] would have been an obligation [due immediately],2 and [if not for] a specified term [decreed].
使者啊！如果不是你的主预先发出的一句话——在确立证据之前不惩罚任何人，那么，祂一定迅速地惩罚他们，因为他们应受惩罚。
20:130Page 321
فَٱصۡبِرۡ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَسَبِّحۡ بِحَمۡدِ رَبِّكَ قَبۡلَ طُلُوعِ ٱلشَّمۡسِ وَقَبۡلَ غُرُوبِهَاۖ وَمِنۡ ءَانَآيِٕ ٱلَّيۡلِ فَسَبِّحۡ وَأَطۡرَافَ ٱلنَّهَارِ لَعَلَّكَ تَرۡضَىٰ ١٣٠
So be patient over what they say and exalt [Allāh] with praise of your Lord before the rising of the sun and before its setting; and during periods of the night [exalt Him] and at the ends of the day, that you may be satisfied.
使者啊！你当忍受否认你的人捏造的谣言。你当在日出前的晨礼拜、日落前的晡礼拜、日落后的昏礼拜和宵礼拜、日偏时的晌礼拜中赞颂真主。希望你在真主那里获得令你喜悦的回赐。
20:131Page 321
وَلَا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيۡنَيۡكَ إِلَىٰ مَا مَتَّعۡنَا بِهِۦٓ أَزۡوَٰجٗا مِّنۡهُمۡ زَهۡرَةَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا لِنَفۡتِنَهُمۡ فِيهِۚ وَرِزۡقُ رَبِّكَ خَيۡرٞ وَأَبۡقَىٰ ١٣١
And do not extend your eyes toward that by which We have given enjoyment to [some] categories of them, [its being but] the splendor of worldly life by which We test them. And the provision of your Lord is better and more enduring.
你不要羡慕我使那些否认者享受的今世生活的浮华，那是我对他们的考验，那些浮华是要消失的。你的主所应许的回赐要比他们在今世享受的更好、更长久，因为它是不会消失的。
20:132Page 321
وَأۡمُرۡ أَهۡلَكَ بِٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَٱصۡطَبِرۡ عَلَيۡهَاۖ لَا نَسۡـَٔلُكَ رِزۡقٗاۖ نَّحۡنُ نَرۡزُقُكَۗ وَٱلۡعَٰقِبَةُ لِلتَّقۡوَىٰ ١٣٢
And enjoin prayer upon your family [and people] and be steadfast therein. We ask you not for provision; We provide for you, and the [best] outcome is for [those of] righteousness.
使者啊！你当命令你的家属礼拜，你自己也当坚持礼拜。我不要求你供养，而我负责供养你。今后两世的善果是属于害怕真主的敬畏者的。他们服从祂的命令，远离祂的禁令。
20:133Page 321
وَقَالُواْ لَوۡلَا يَأۡتِينَا بِـَٔايَةٖ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦٓۚ أَوَلَمۡ تَأۡتِهِم بَيِّنَةُ مَا فِي ٱلصُّحُفِ ٱلۡأُولَىٰ ١٣٣
And they say, "Why does he not bring us a sign from his Lord?" Has there not come to them evidence of what was in the former scriptures?1
这些否认先知的不信道者说：“穆罕默德怎么不为我们带来一种证实他是先知的迹象呢？”难道证实历代经典的《古兰经》没有降临于他们吗？
20:134Page 321
وَلَوۡ أَنَّآ أَهۡلَكۡنَٰهُم بِعَذَابٖ مِّن قَبۡلِهِۦ لَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا لَوۡلَآ أَرۡسَلۡتَ إِلَيۡنَا رَسُولٗا فَنَتَّبِعَ ءَايَٰتِكَ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن نَّذِلَّ وَنَخۡزَىٰ ١٣٤
And if We had destroyed them with a punishment before him,1 they would have said, "Our Lord, why did You not send to us a messenger so we could have followed Your verses [i.e., teachings] before we were humiliated and disgraced?"
假如我在向他们派遣使者之前毁灭那些否认先知的人，他们必定在复活日说：“我们的主啊！你怎么不在今世为我们派遣使者呢？以便我们在遭受卑贱和耻辱之前信仰他，遵循你所降示的迹象。”
20:135Page 321
قُلۡ كُلّٞ مُّتَرَبِّصٞ فَتَرَبَّصُواْۖ فَسَتَعۡلَمُونَ مَنۡ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلصِّرَٰطِ ٱلسَّوِيِّ وَمَنِ ٱهۡتَدَىٰ ١٣٥
Say, "Each [of us] is waiting;1 so wait. For you will know who are the companions of the sound path and who is guided."
使者啊！你对这些否认者说：“我们和你们都等待真主的安排。你们等着吧，你们将会知道谁是遵循正道的，是我们还是你们？”
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences