Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
Ali 'Imran 3:79–158
3:79Page 60
مَا كَانَ لِبَشَرٍ أَن يُؤۡتِيَهُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡحُكۡمَ وَٱلنُّبُوَّةَ ثُمَّ يَقُولَ لِلنَّاسِ كُونُواْ عِبَادٗا لِّي مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَٰكِن كُونُواْ رَبَّٰنِيِّـۧنَ بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تُعَلِّمُونَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَبِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَدۡرُسُونَ ٧٩
It is not for a human [prophet]1 that Allāh should give him the Scripture2 and authority and prophethood and then he would say to the people, "Be servants to me rather than Allāh," but [instead, he would say], "Be pious scholars of the Lord because of what you have taught of the Scripture and because of what you have studied."
一个人蒙真主恩赐，降示他天经、给予他知识和智慧，并拣选他为先知。而后，他不应该对人们说：“你们放弃真主而成为我的仆人吧。”其实他应这样对人们说：“因为你们学习了真主降示给世人的经典，并掌握和理解了自己的所学，故你们成为培养人类，改善其事务的学者吧！”
3:80Page 60
وَلَا يَأۡمُرَكُمۡ أَن تَتَّخِذُواْ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ وَٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ أَرۡبَابًاۚ أَيَأۡمُرُكُم بِٱلۡكُفۡرِ بَعۡدَ إِذۡ أَنتُم مُّسۡلِمُونَ ٨٠
Nor could he order you to take the angels and prophets as lords. Would he order you to disbelief after you had been Muslims?
这个人也不应命令你们以众天使和众先知作为主宰——舍真主而崇拜他们。他能否在你们归顺他，顺服他之后而命令你们背弃真主呢？！
3:81Page 60
وَإِذۡ أَخَذَ ٱللَّهُ مِيثَٰقَ ٱلنَّبِيِّـۧنَ لَمَآ ءَاتَيۡتُكُم مِّن كِتَٰبٖ وَحِكۡمَةٖ ثُمَّ جَآءَكُمۡ رَسُولٞ مُّصَدِّقٞ لِّمَا مَعَكُمۡ لَتُؤۡمِنُنَّ بِهِۦ وَلَتَنصُرُنَّهُۥۚ قَالَ ءَأَقۡرَرۡتُمۡ وَأَخَذۡتُمۡ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكُمۡ إِصۡرِيۖ قَالُوٓاْ أَقۡرَرۡنَاۚ قَالَ فَٱشۡهَدُواْ وَأَنَا۠ مَعَكُم مِّنَ ٱلشَّٰهِدِينَ ٨١
And [recall, O People of the Scripture], when Allāh took the covenant of the prophets, [saying], "Whatever I give you of the Scripture and wisdom and then there comes to you a messenger confirming what is with you, you [must] believe in him and support him." [Allāh] said, "Have you acknowledged and taken upon that My commitment?"1 They said, "We have acknowledged it." He said, "Then bear witness, and I am with you among the witnesses."
使者啊！你应谨记：当时真主与众先知缔约，祂对他们说：“‘我’已恩赐你们经典、教授你们智慧，‘我’已给予你们应得的地位与权力。在你们之后，‘我’将派遣一名使者，他就是穆罕默德（愿主福安之）来证实你们所有的经典和智慧。你们信仰他所带来的宗教，援助他，追随他。众先知啊！你们承认吗？你们愿意为此事与‘我’缔约吗？”众先知回答道：“我们承认。”真主说：“你们见证自身和你们的民众吧，‘我’也和你们一同见证。”
3:82Page 60
فَمَن تَوَلَّىٰ بَعۡدَ ذَٰلِكَ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ٨٢
And whoever turned away after that - they were the defiantly disobedient.
此后，凡背弃真主和其使者的作证之人，都是背离真主的宗教和顺从之人。
3:83Page 60
أَفَغَيۡرَ دِينِ ٱللَّهِ يَبۡغُونَ وَلَهُۥٓ أَسۡلَمَ مَن فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ طَوۡعٗا وَكَرۡهٗا وَإِلَيۡهِ يُرۡجَعُونَ ٨٣
So is it other than the religion of Allāh they desire, while to Him have submitted [all] those within the heavens and earth, willingly or by compulsion, and to Him they will be returned?
难道他们要舍真主为其仆人拣选的宗教——伊斯兰教，而寻求别的宗教吗？天地万物无论自愿——如信士，还是出于被迫——如不信道者，全部都要归顺于伟大的真主。之后，在复活日，万物都会回归到祂那里，进行清算和回报。
3:84Page 61
قُلۡ ءَامَنَّا بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ عَلَيۡنَا وَمَآ أُنزِلَ عَلَىٰٓ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ وَإِسۡمَٰعِيلَ وَإِسۡحَٰقَ وَيَعۡقُوبَ وَٱلۡأَسۡبَاطِ وَمَآ أُوتِيَ مُوسَىٰ وَعِيسَىٰ وَٱلنَّبِيُّونَ مِن رَّبِّهِمۡ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيۡنَ أَحَدٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ وَنَحۡنُ لَهُۥ مُسۡلِمُونَ ٨٤
Say, "We have believed in Allāh and in what was revealed to us and what was revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and the Descendants [al-Asbāṭ], and in what was given to Moses and Jesus and to the prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and we are Muslims [submitting] to Him."
使者啊！你说：“我们归信独一的真主，服从祂的命令；我们归信真主降示给我们的启示；归信曾降示给易卜拉欣、伊斯玛仪、伊斯哈格、叶尔孤白，以及降示给叶尔孤白子嗣中的众先知们的启示；归信曾降示给穆萨和尔萨，以及一切先知们受主恩典所赐予他们的经典和迹象。我们对他们不加以区分，不会信仰一部分，而否认另一部分。我们只归顺于真主，只服从于祂。”
3:85Page 61
وَمَن يَبۡتَغِ غَيۡرَ ٱلۡإِسۡلَٰمِ دِينٗا فَلَن يُقۡبَلَ مِنۡهُ وَهُوَ فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ مِنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ٨٥
And whoever desires other than Islām as religion - never will it be accepted from him, and he, in the Hereafter, will be among the losers.
谁舍真主喜悦的宗教，即伊斯兰教，而另觅它教，真主绝不会接受，他在后世必入火狱，而成为亏折之人。
3:86Page 61
كَيۡفَ يَهۡدِي ٱللَّهُ قَوۡمٗا كَفَرُواْ بَعۡدَ إِيمَٰنِهِمۡ وَشَهِدُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱلرَّسُولَ حَقّٞ وَجَآءَهُمُ ٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتُۚ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ٨٦
How shall Allāh guide a people who disbelieved after their belief and had witnessed that the Messenger is true and clear signs had come to them? And Allāh does not guide the wrongdoing people.
真主怎会佑助在信仰了真主，见证了穆罕默德（愿主福安之）带来的真理，并眼见实证降临之后而背叛真主和其使者之人呢？真主不会引领选择迷误替代明证的不义之人。
3:87Page 61
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ جَزَآؤُهُمۡ أَنَّ عَلَيۡهِمۡ لَعۡنَةَ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ وَٱلنَّاسِ أَجۡمَعِينَ ٨٧
Those - their recompense will be that upon them is the curse of Allāh and the angels and the people, all together,
选择虚妄的不义者的报应就是遭受真主、众天使和人类的共同诅咒，他们将远离真主的仁慈，而被驱逐。
3:88Page 61
خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا لَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنۡهُمُ ٱلۡعَذَابُ وَلَا هُمۡ يُنظَرُونَ ٨٨
Abiding eternally therein. The punishment will not be lightened for them, nor will they be reprieved,
他们将永居火狱，不被释放。真主不会减轻他们一丝一毫的罪过，也不会因他们的忏悔而缓刑。
3:89Page 61
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ تَابُواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ وَأَصۡلَحُواْ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٌ ٨٩
Except for those who repent after that1 and correct themselves. For indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
惟后来悔过自新的人除外。他们洗心革面、痛改前非，真主确是饶恕和怜悯忏悔之人的。
3:90Page 61
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بَعۡدَ إِيمَٰنِهِمۡ ثُمَّ ٱزۡدَادُواْ كُفۡرٗا لَّن تُقۡبَلَ تَوۡبَتُهُمۡ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلضَّآلُّونَ ٩٠
Indeed, those who disbelieve [i.e., reject the message] after their belief and then increase in disbelief - never will their [claimed] repentance be accepted, and they are the ones astray.
信道之后又复不信，日后愈发不信直到临终，当死亡降临他们，他们的忏悔将不被接受，这等人确是远离真主正道的迷误之人。
3:91Page 61
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَمَاتُواْ وَهُمۡ كُفَّارٞ فَلَن يُقۡبَلَ مِنۡ أَحَدِهِم مِّلۡءُ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ ذَهَبٗا وَلَوِ ٱفۡتَدَىٰ بِهِۦٓۗ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ وَمَا لَهُم مِّن نَّٰصِرِينَ ٩١
Indeed, those who disbelieve and die while they are disbelievers - never would the [whole] capacity of the earth in gold be accepted from one of them if he would [seek to] ransom himself with it. For those there will be a painful punishment, and they will have no helpers.
不信道并至死都不信仰者，即使以满地的黄金来赎取他们在火狱中的刑罚都不会被接受，这等人将受到严厉的惩罚。复活日，他们得不到任何援助。
3:92Page 62
لَن تَنَالُواْ ٱلۡبِرَّ حَتَّىٰ تُنفِقُواْ مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَۚ وَمَا تُنفِقُواْ مِن شَيۡءٖ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِهِۦ عَلِيمٞ ٩٢
Never will you attain the good [reward]1 until you spend [in the way of Allāh] from that which you love. And whatever you spend - indeed, Allāh is Knowing of it.
信士们啊！你们绝不会知道全善之人的回赐和地位，直到你们为主道分舍你们所爱的财产。你们施舍的无论多与寡，真主对你们的意愿和行为都是全知的，并将以此报酬你们。
3:93Page 62
۞ كُلُّ ٱلطَّعَامِ كَانَ حِلّٗا لِّبَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ إِلَّا مَا حَرَّمَ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلُ عَلَىٰ نَفۡسِهِۦ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن تُنَزَّلَ ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةُۚ قُلۡ فَأۡتُواْ بِٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةِ فَٱتۡلُوهَآ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ٩٣
All food was lawful to the Children of Israel except what Israel [i.e., Jacob] had made unlawful to himself before the Torah was revealed. Say, [O Muḥammad], "So bring the Torah and recite it, if you should be truthful."
一切美好的食物，对于以色列的后裔原是合法的。除叶尔孤白在降示《讨拉特》之前自忌的。同样，也不是犹太教徒所妄称的：这些也曾在《讨拉特》里是被禁止的。先知啊！你对他们说：“你们拿《讨拉特》来当面诵读吧！如果你们对所妄言之事是诚实的。”他们闭口不言，也不敢拿经典对质。这个例子就证明了犹太教徒假借《讨拉特》名义，肆意篡改其内容。
3:94Page 62
فَمَنِ ٱفۡتَرَىٰ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡكَذِبَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ ٩٤
And whoever invents about Allāh untruth after that - then those are [truly] the wrongdoers.
谁在明证降示之后——叶尔孤白不食之物仅是其自忌，而非真主的禁止，依然假借真主名义造谣，这等人确是不义之人，他们在明证出现后执迷不悟的避真趋假。
3:95Page 62
قُلۡ صَدَقَ ٱللَّهُۗ فَٱتَّبِعُواْ مِلَّةَ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ حَنِيفٗاۖ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ٩٥
Say, "Allāh has told the truth. So follow the religion of Abraham, inclining toward truth; and he was not of the polytheists."1
先知啊！你说：“真主告知关于叶尔孤白的消息，以及所有降示的和规定的都是真实的。故你们应遵循易卜拉欣的正教，他曾避开所有宗教而青睐伊斯兰教，他不是以物配主之人。”
3:96Page 62
إِنَّ أَوَّلَ بَيۡتٖ وُضِعَ لِلنَّاسِ لَلَّذِي بِبَكَّةَ مُبَارَكٗا وَهُدٗى لِّلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٩٦
Indeed, the first House [of worship] established for mankind was that at Bakkah [i.e., Makkah] - blessed and a guidance for the worlds.
为世人崇拜真主在大地上创设的最古老的清真寺就是位于麦加的禁寺，它是所吉祥的天房，拥有许多宗教和世俗的福利，它是全世界的向导。
3:97Page 62
فِيهِ ءَايَٰتُۢ بَيِّنَٰتٞ مَّقَامُ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَۖ وَمَن دَخَلَهُۥ كَانَ ءَامِنٗاۗ وَلِلَّهِ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ حِجُّ ٱلۡبَيۡتِ مَنِ ٱسۡتَطَاعَ إِلَيۡهِ سَبِيلٗاۚ وَمَن كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ عَنِ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٩٧
In it are clear signs [such as] the standing place of Abraham. And whoever enters it [i.e., the Ḥaram] shall be safe. And [due] to Allāh from the people is a pilgrimage to the House - for whoever is able to find thereto a way. But whoever disbelieves [i.e., refuses] - then indeed, Allāh is free from need of the worlds.1
在禁寺里有许多证明其荣耀和恩惠的明显标志，如履行朝觐仪式的地点和标识。在这些标识中就有易卜拉欣为了砌高天房而站立过的石头。禁寺的恩惠还包括进入者没有恐惧，也不会遭受任何的伤害。凡能旅行到天房的，人人都有为真主而朝觐天房的义务。谁否认朝觐的主命性，他无损于真主，真主是无求于全世界的。
3:98Page 62
قُلۡ يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لِمَ تَكۡفُرُونَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ عَلَىٰ مَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ٩٨
Say, "O People of the Scripture, why do you disbelieve in the verses of Allāh while Allāh is Witness over what you do?"
先知啊！你说：“信奉天经的犹太教徒和基督教徒啊！在《讨拉特》和《引支勒》中有能证明穆圣（愿主福安之）使命的迹象，而为什么你们却要否认呢？！”真主确知你们的行为并以此见证，祂将报偿你们。
3:99Page 62
قُلۡ يَٰٓأَهۡلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لِمَ تَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ مَنۡ ءَامَنَ تَبۡغُونَهَا عِوَجٗا وَأَنتُمۡ شُهَدَآءُۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ بِغَٰفِلٍ عَمَّا تَعۡمَلُونَ ٩٩
Say, "O People of the Scripture, why do you avert from the way of Allāh those who believe, seeking to make it [seem] deviant, while you are witnesses [to the truth]? And Allāh is not unaware of what you do."
先知啊！你说：“信奉天经的犹太教徒和基督教徒啊！你们见证这个宗教是真正的宗教，它能证实你们的经典，而你们为什么要阻拦遵循它的信士，并要求信士们在主道上放弃真理，谋求虚妄，追求迷误而放弃指引呢？！”真主确不会疏忽你们的背叛行为，祂将以此报偿你们。
3:100Page 62
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِن تُطِيعُواْ فَرِيقٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ يَرُدُّوكُم بَعۡدَ إِيمَٰنِكُمۡ كَٰفِرِينَ ١٠٠
O you who have believed, if you obey a party of those who were given the Scripture, they would turn you back, after your belief, [to being] unbelievers.
信仰真主、追随使者的信士们啊！如果你们顺从了部分信奉天经的犹太教徒和基督教徒，接受了他们所妄言之事，出于嫉妒和避真趋假的私欲，他们将使你们在信道之后变成不信道的人。
3:101Page 63
وَكَيۡفَ تَكۡفُرُونَ وَأَنتُمۡ تُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡكُمۡ ءَايَٰتُ ٱللَّهِ وَفِيكُمۡ رَسُولُهُۥۗ وَمَن يَعۡتَصِم بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ هُدِيَ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ ١٠١
And how could you disbelieve while to you are being recited the verses of Allāh and among you is His Messenger? And whoever holds firmly to Allāh1 has [indeed] been guided to a straight path.
你们常常听见宣读真主的经典，使者穆罕默德（愿主福安之）为你们阐明其意，你们本应紧握强有力的证据来坚定自己的信仰，怎么反而会在信仰之后背叛真主呢？谁抓住真主的经典和其使者的圣行，谁确已被引导在正道上。
3:102Page 63
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِۦ وَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنتُم مُّسۡلِمُونَ ١٠٢
O you who have believed, fear Allāh as He should be feared and do not die except as Muslims [in submission to Him].
信仰真主、追随使者的信士啊！你们应真正地敬畏真主，遵循祂的命令，远离祂的禁令，感谢祂的给予，紧紧抓住祂的宗教直到死亡降临。
3:103Page 63
وَٱعۡتَصِمُواْ بِحَبۡلِ ٱللَّهِ جَمِيعٗا وَلَا تَفَرَّقُواْۚ وَٱذۡكُرُواْ نِعۡمَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ إِذۡ كُنتُمۡ أَعۡدَآءٗ فَأَلَّفَ بَيۡنَ قُلُوبِكُمۡ فَأَصۡبَحۡتُم بِنِعۡمَتِهِۦٓ إِخۡوَٰنٗا وَكُنتُمۡ عَلَىٰ شَفَا حُفۡرَةٖ مِّنَ ٱلنَّارِ فَأَنقَذَكُم مِّنۡهَاۗ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَهۡتَدُونَ ١٠٣
And hold firmly to the rope1 of Allāh all together and do not become divided. And remember the favor of Allāh upon you - when you were enemies and He brought your hearts together and you became, by His favor, brothers. And you were on the edge of a pit of the Fire, and He saved you from it. Thus does Allāh make clear to you His verses that you may be guided.
信士们啊！你们应紧紧抓住《古兰经》和圣行，不要自己分裂。你们应铭记真主给予你们的恩典。当时，你们在伊斯兰教之前曾是仇敌，因小事就会相互残杀，而真主以伊斯兰联合了你们的心，你们借祂的恩典才变成教胞，相互怜惜相互关爱。你们曾因否认真主而位于火狱的边缘，是真主使你们信仰伊斯兰教而得以脱离，并给予你们指引。同时，真主为你们辨明此事，还为你们辨明有利于你们今后两世的事情，以便你们遵循正道并行走在端庄的大道上。
3:104Page 63
وَلۡتَكُن مِّنكُمۡ أُمَّةٞ يَدۡعُونَ إِلَى ٱلۡخَيۡرِ وَيَأۡمُرُونَ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَيَنۡهَوۡنَ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ١٠٤
And let there be [arising] from you a nation inviting to [all that is] good, enjoining what is right and forbidding what is wrong,1 and those will be the successful.
信士啊！你们中当有一部分人，宣传真主喜悦的一切至善之事，并命人履行教法中提倡的，理智上认可的好事；劝诫人们远离教法中禁止的，理智上摒弃的恶事。具有这些特性之人，就是今后两世完全成功之人。
3:105Page 63
وَلَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ تَفَرَّقُواْ وَٱخۡتَلَفُواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتُۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٞ ١٠٥
And do not be like the ones who became divided and differed after the clear proofs had come to them. And those will have a great punishment
信士啊！你们不要像四分五裂的信奉天经之人那样，在得到来自于真主的明证降临之后却自行分裂，这等人，将受到真主严厉的惩罚。
3:106Page 63
يَوۡمَ تَبۡيَضُّ وُجُوهٞ وَتَسۡوَدُّ وُجُوهٞۚ فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡوَدَّتۡ وُجُوهُهُمۡ أَكَفَرۡتُم بَعۡدَ إِيمَٰنِكُمۡ فَذُوقُواْ ٱلۡعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَكۡفُرُونَ ١٠٦
On the Day [some] faces will turn white and [some] faces will turn black. As for those whose faces turn black, [to them it will be said], "Did you disbelieve [i.e., reject faith] after your belief? Then taste the punishment for what you used to reject."
复活日，他们将受到严厉的惩罚。那日，信仰之人因心情愉悦和幸福而面色白皙，不信道者因内心伤悲和忧愁而面色漆黑。在那日，众天使们指责面色漆黑者说：“你们在确认和决定信仰真主独一，并允诺不以物配主后而背叛了真主。是你们违背了誓言吗？你们将因自己的背叛而受到惩罚！”
3:107Page 63
وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ٱبۡيَضَّتۡ وُجُوهُهُمۡ فَفِي رَحۡمَةِ ٱللَّهِۖ هُمۡ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ ١٠٧
But as for those whose faces turn white, [they will be] within the mercy of Allāh. They will abide therein eternally.
至于面目白皙者，他们的归宿就是慈恩的乐园，他们将永居其中。那是一种永不逝去、永不改变的慈恩。
3:108Page 63
تِلۡكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱللَّهِ نَتۡلُوهَا عَلَيۡكَ بِٱلۡحَقِّۗ وَمَا ٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ظُلۡمٗا لِّلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٠٨
These are the verses of Allāh. We recite them to you, [O Muḥammad], in truth; and Allāh wants no injustice to the worlds [i.e., His creatures].
先知啊！我为你诵读的这些迹象，包含了真主的允诺和惩罚，消息真实，判决公正。真主不亏枉众生，也只依个人所行而加以惩罚。
3:109Page 64
وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ تُرۡجَعُ ٱلۡأُمُورُ ١٠٩
To Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And to Allāh will [all] matters be returned.
天地万物的王权、创造和裁决只归于真主，万物也都将归回于祂。祂将依每个人的行为报偿他们。
3:110Page 64
كُنتُمۡ خَيۡرَ أُمَّةٍ أُخۡرِجَتۡ لِلنَّاسِ تَأۡمُرُونَ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَتَنۡهَوۡنَ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِ وَتُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِۗ وَلَوۡ ءَامَنَ أَهۡلُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَكَانَ خَيۡرٗا لَّهُمۚ مِّنۡهُمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ وَأَكۡثَرُهُمُ ٱلۡفَٰسِقُونَ ١١٠
You are the best nation produced [as an example] for mankind. You enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and believe in Allāh. If only the People of the Scripture had believed, it would have been better for them. Among them are believers, but most of them are defiantly disobedient.
穆罕默德（愿主福安之）的民众啊！你们是真主为世人在信仰和善功方面而树立的最优秀、最有益于他人的榜样民众。你们命人履行教法中提倡的，理智上认可的好事，劝诫人们教法中禁止的，理智上摒弃的恶事。你们信仰真主并将信仰践行于行动当中。如果信奉天经的犹太教徒和基督教徒信仰穆罕默德（愿主福安之），那对于他们今后两世都是更好的。在信奉天经的人中有一小部分人信仰穆罕默德（愿主福安之），而他们绝大多数则是违背真主的宗教和律法的。
3:111Page 64
لَن يَضُرُّوكُمۡ إِلَّآ أَذٗىۖ وَإِن يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ يُوَلُّوكُمُ ٱلۡأَدۡبَارَ ثُمَّ لَا يُنصَرُونَ ١١١
They will not harm you except for [some] annoyance. And if they fight you, they will show you their backs [i.e., retreat]; then they will not be aided.
信士们啊！即使他们中有人心存敌意，但绝不会伤到你们的宗教和自身，他们无非是恶言相损或冷嘲热讽。如果他们与你们交战，也只会败北，他们绝不会战胜你们。
3:112Page 64
ضُرِبَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلذِّلَّةُ أَيۡنَ مَا ثُقِفُوٓاْ إِلَّا بِحَبۡلٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَحَبۡلٖ مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَبَآءُو بِغَضَبٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَضُرِبَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡمَسۡكَنَةُۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ يَكۡفُرُونَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَيَقۡتُلُونَ ٱلۡأَنۢبِيَآءَ بِغَيۡرِ حَقّٖۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا عَصَواْ وَّكَانُواْ يَعۡتَدُونَ ١١٢
They have been put under humiliation [by Allāh] wherever they are overtaken, except for a rope [i.e., covenant] from Allāh and a rope [i.e., treaty] from the people [i.e., the Muslims].1 And they have drawn upon themselves anger from Allāh and have been put under destitution. That is because they disbelieved in [i.e., rejected] the verses of Allāh and killed the prophets without right. That is because they disobeyed and [habitually] transgressed.
犹太教徒无论出现在哪里，卑贱都会围绕着他们，除非他们与真主或人们缔约，方能安宁。他们将受到真主的遣怒，并陷于困苦之中。这不仅因为他们否认真主的迹象，枉杀他们的先知们，更是因为他们还违抗主命，僭越真主的法度。
3:113Page 64
۞ لَيۡسُواْ سَوَآءٗۗ مِّنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ أُمَّةٞ قَآئِمَةٞ يَتۡلُونَ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ ءَانَآءَ ٱلَّيۡلِ وَهُمۡ يَسۡجُدُونَ ١١٣
They are not [all] the same; among the People of the Scripture is a community1 standing [in obedience], reciting the verses of Allāh during periods of the night and prostrating [in prayer].
信奉天经的人们，其状况不一。他们中有一部分人信仰正教，劝善戒恶，他们在夜间诵读真主的经典，并且礼拜。这一小部分人出现在穆圣（愿主福安之）受派遣之前，当得知穆圣为圣的消息之后便立即归信。
3:114Page 64
يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَيَأۡمُرُونَ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَيَنۡهَوۡنَ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِ وَيُسَٰرِعُونَ فِي ٱلۡخَيۡرَٰتِۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ ١١٤
They believe in Allāh and the Last Day, and they enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and hasten to good deeds. And those are among the righteous.
他们坚信真主和后世，并劝善戒恶的争先行善，他们完全服从于真主。具有这种特性的真主仆民，他们心存善意，立行善举。
3:115Page 64
وَمَا يَفۡعَلُواْ مِنۡ خَيۡرٖ فَلَن يُكۡفَرُوهُۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١١٥
And whatever good they do - never will it be denied them. And Allāh is Knowing of the righteous.
这些人无论所行善事的多与寡，都不会被亏枉一丝一毫，真主全知遵循真主命令，远离真主禁令的敬畏者，他们的善功不会被隐匿，真主也将以此报酬他们。
3:116Page 65
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَن تُغۡنِيَ عَنۡهُمۡ أَمۡوَٰلُهُمۡ وَلَآ أَوۡلَٰدُهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيۡـٔٗاۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِۖ هُمۡ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ ١١٦
Indeed, those who disbelieve - never will their wealth or their children avail them against Allāh at all, and those are the companions of the Fire; they will abide therein eternally.
否认真主及其使者的人们，其财产和子嗣在真主那里对他毫无裨益，不仅不会减少对他们的惩罚，不能给他们带来真主的仁慈，反而会徒增其惩罚和亏折。这等人确是火狱里永久的居民。
3:117Page 65
مَثَلُ مَا يُنفِقُونَ فِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا كَمَثَلِ رِيحٖ فِيهَا صِرٌّ أَصَابَتۡ حَرۡثَ قَوۡمٖ ظَلَمُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ فَأَهۡلَكَتۡهُۚ وَمَا ظَلَمَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَلَٰكِنۡ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١١٧
The example of what they spend in this worldly life is like that of a wind containing frost which strikes the harvest of a people who have wronged themselves [i.e., sinned] and destroys it. And Allāh has not wronged them, but they wrong themselves.
这些不信道者所行的任何善举以及所期待的回赐，犹如凛冽的寒风吹向自欺民众的庄稼上，他们曾希望能受益颇丰，但寒风却毁坏了庄稼。也有可能寒风只毁坏了庄稼，但未伤及他们。这种情况就好比叛教，它能毁掉曾希望因善功而得到的回赐。真主不亏枉他们，他们由于违背真主，不信真主的使者而自欺己身。
3:118Page 65
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ بِطَانَةٗ مِّن دُونِكُمۡ لَا يَأۡلُونَكُمۡ خَبَالٗا وَدُّواْ مَا عَنِتُّمۡ قَدۡ بَدَتِ ٱلۡبَغۡضَآءُ مِنۡ أَفۡوَٰهِهِمۡ وَمَا تُخۡفِي صُدُورُهُمۡ أَكۡبَرُۚ قَدۡ بَيَّنَّا لَكُمُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِۖ إِن كُنتُمۡ تَعۡقِلُونَ ١١٨
O you who have believed, do not take as intimates those other than yourselves [i.e., believers], for they will not spare you [any] ruin. They wish you would have hardship. Hatred has already appeared from their mouths, and what their breasts conceal is greater. We have certainly made clear to you the signs, if you will use reason.
信仰真主，追随其使者的信士们啊！你们不要将非信士当作自己亲密无间的朋友。你们将心中的秘密和隐私告诉他们，而他们则不遗余力的想加害和迫害你们，他们希望你们遭难，口舌中已表露出对你们憎恶和敌意。他们仇恨你们的宗教，离间你们，揭露你们的秘密，而心中隐匿的是更大的憎恶。信士们啊！我已为你们阐明了有利于你们今后两世的明证，如果你们对真主所降示的有所了解。
3:119Page 65
هَٰٓأَنتُمۡ أُوْلَآءِ تُحِبُّونَهُمۡ وَلَا يُحِبُّونَكُمۡ وَتُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡكِتَٰبِ كُلِّهِۦ وَإِذَا لَقُوكُمۡ قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا وَإِذَا خَلَوۡاْ عَضُّواْ عَلَيۡكُمُ ٱلۡأَنَامِلَ مِنَ ٱلۡغَيۡظِۚ قُلۡ مُوتُواْ بِغَيۡظِكُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ١١٩
Here you are loving them but they are not loving you, while you believe in the Scripture - all of it.1 And when they meet you, they say, "We believe." But when they are alone, they bite their fingertips at you in rage. Say, "Die in your rage. Indeed, Allāh is Knowing of that within the breasts."
信士们啊！你们喜爱这些人，希望他们好事连连。而他们非但不喜欢你们，不希望你们得到好处，反而憎恨你们。你们信仰所降示的一切经典，其中包括曾降示给他们的经典，而他们不信仰真主降示给你们先知的经典。如果他们遇到你们就说：“我们已信道了。”如果他们私下聚会时，得知你们团结一致，齐心协力的宣扬伊斯兰教，他们会因怨恨而咬自己的手指，致使他们陷入卑贱之中。先知啊！你对他们说：“你们为怨恨而死亡吧！”的确，真主彻知他们心中的信仰与否，好事与坏事。
3:120Page 65
إِن تَمۡسَسۡكُمۡ حَسَنَةٞ تَسُؤۡهُمۡ وَإِن تُصِبۡكُمۡ سَيِّئَةٞ يَفۡرَحُواْ بِهَاۖ وَإِن تَصۡبِرُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ لَا يَضُرُّكُمۡ كَيۡدُهُمۡ شَيۡـًٔاۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا يَعۡمَلُونَ مُحِيطٞ ١٢٠
If good touches you, it distresses them; but if harm strikes you, they rejoice at it. And if you are patient and fear Allāh, their plot will not harm you at all. Indeed, Allāh is encompassing of what they do.
信士们啊！如果你们获得真主的恩典而战胜了敌人，或财产丰厚子嗣连绵，他们就会因此伤心；如果你们遭遇不幸，而使敌人获胜，或财产亏折子嗣夭折，他们会因此而感到高兴，并辱骂你们。如果你们坚持了真主的命令和裁决，并敬畏真主的恼怒，那么他们的伎俩就不会伤害你们。真主确是周知其行为的。
3:121Page 65
وَإِذۡ غَدَوۡتَ مِنۡ أَهۡلِكَ تُبَوِّئُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ مَقَٰعِدَ لِلۡقِتَالِۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ ١٢١
And [remember] when you, [O Muḥammad], left your family in the morning to post the believers at their stations for the battle [of Uḥud] - and Allāh is Hearing and Knowing -
先知啊！你应谨记：当时，你在早晨从麦地那出来，在伍候德地区与以物配主者交战。当你布置好信士们的作战地点时，每个人都明确了自己的位置。真主是全聪你们的谈话，全知你们的行为的。
3:122Page 66
إِذۡ هَمَّت طَّآئِفَتَانِ مِنكُمۡ أَن تَفۡشَلَا وَٱللَّهُ وَلِيُّهُمَاۗ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٢٢
When two parties among you were about to lose courage, but Allāh was their ally; and upon Allāh the believers should rely.
先知啊！你应谨记：当时，信士中的沙麦部落和哈立思部落想示弱，当伪信士们撤退后他们也想撤退时，真主援助他们坚守阵地，消除心中忧虑，故信士们应当在任何时候只托靠真主。
3:123Page 66
وَلَقَدۡ نَصَرَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِبَدۡرٖ وَأَنتُمۡ أَذِلَّةٞۖ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ١٢٣
And already had Allāh given you victory at [the battle of] Badr while you were weak [i.e., few in number]. Then fear Allāh; perhaps you will be grateful.
你们在白德尔战役中确是无实力的，人少兵器弱，而真主援助你们战胜了以物配主者，故你们应敬畏真主，以便你们感谢祂所给予你们的恩典。
3:124Page 66
إِذۡ تَقُولُ لِلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ أَلَن يَكۡفِيَكُمۡ أَن يُمِدَّكُمۡ رَبُّكُم بِثَلَٰثَةِ ءَالَٰفٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ مُنزَلِينَ ١٢٤
[Remember] when you said to the believers, "Is it not sufficient for you that your Lord should reinforce you with three thousand angels sent down?
先知啊！你应谨记：当听到以物配主者的援军即将到来，为了稳定军心，打好白德尔战役，你对信士们说：“真主降下三千天使来援助你们取胜，难道这些对于你们还不够吗？”
3:125Page 66
بَلَىٰٓۚ إِن تَصۡبِرُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ وَيَأۡتُوكُم مِّن فَوۡرِهِمۡ هَٰذَا يُمۡدِدۡكُمۡ رَبُّكُم بِخَمۡسَةِ ءَالَٰفٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةِ مُسَوِّمِينَ ١٢٥
Yes, if you remain patient and conscious of Allāh and they [i.e., the enemy] come upon you [attacking] in rage, your Lord will reinforce you with five thousand angels having marks [of distinction]."
诚然，这些已足够你们了。你们还从真主那里得到另一个援助的好消息，即你们坚持斗争，敬畏真主，当敌人即将攻击你们之时，你们的主会派训练有素的天使和马匹以明显的印记来增援你们。
3:126Page 66
وَمَا جَعَلَهُ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بُشۡرَىٰ لَكُمۡ وَلِتَطۡمَئِنَّ قُلُوبُكُم بِهِۦۗ وَمَا ٱلنَّصۡرُ إِلَّا مِنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلۡعَزِيزِ ٱلۡحَكِيمِ ١٢٦
And Allāh made it not except as [a sign of] good tidings for you and to reassure your hearts thereby. And victory is not except from Allāh, the Exalted in Might, the Wise -
真主这种方式的佑助和天使的增援是给予你们最大的喜讯，以便你们信心百倍。真正的胜利不止这些明显的因素。其实，真正的胜利必将只来自于战无不胜的万能的主，真主的裁决和判断是至睿的。
3:127Page 66
لِيَقۡطَعَ طَرَفٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ أَوۡ يَكۡبِتَهُمۡ فَيَنقَلِبُواْ خَآئِبِينَ ١٢٧
That He might cut down a section of the disbelievers or suppress them so that they turn back disappointed.
真主借在白德尔战役中取得的胜利为你们清除一部分不信道者，并羞辱另一部分。使他们落荒而逃，故他们以卑贱的失败而归。
3:128Page 66
لَيۡسَ لَكَ مِنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ شَيۡءٌ أَوۡ يَتُوبَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ أَوۡ يُعَذِّبَهُمۡ فَإِنَّهُمۡ ظَٰلِمُونَ ١٢٨
Not for you, [O Muḥammad, but for Allāh], is the decision whether He should [cut them down] or forgive them or punish them, for indeed, they are wrongdoers.
当伍候德战役后，穆圣祈求真主毁灭以物配主者的首领们，真主对他说：“他们的事情与你毫无干系，一切裁决属于真主。你应坚忍直到真主在你们之间进行裁决，或真主饶恕他们，故他们归信；或冥顽不化坚持不信，故真主惩罚他们。”他们是不义之人，应受惩罚。
3:129Page 66
وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ يَغۡفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ١٢٩
And to Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. He forgives whom He wills and punishes whom He wills. And Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.
真主拥有天地间创造万物和裁决的权力。祂以其仁慈赦宥祂所意欲的仆人，或以其公正惩罚祂所意欲之人。真主对向祂忏悔的仆人是至恕的，是至慈的。
3:130Page 66
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَأۡكُلُواْ ٱلرِّبَوٰٓاْ أَضۡعَٰفٗا مُّضَٰعَفَةٗۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ ١٣٠
O you who have believed, do not consume usury, doubled and multiplied, but fear Allāh that you may be successful.
信仰真主、追随穆圣的信士们啊！你们不要像蒙昧时期的人们那样，吞噬超出已借本金翻倍的利息，你们以遵循真主命令，远离真主禁令而敬畏真主吧，以便你们获得今后两世所追寻的恩惠。
3:131Page 66
وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱلنَّارَ ٱلَّتِيٓ أُعِدَّتۡ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٣١
And fear the Fire, which has been prepared for the disbelievers.
你们当以立行善功，放弃禁止物来防备真主为不信道者准备的火狱。
3:132Page 66
وَأَطِيعُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَٱلرَّسُولَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُرۡحَمُونَ ١٣٢
And obey Allāh and the Messenger that you may obtain mercy.
你们以遵循真主命令，远离真主禁令来顺从真主和其使者，以便你们获得今后两世的怜恤和恩慈。
3:133Page 67
۞ وَسَارِعُوٓاْ إِلَىٰ مَغۡفِرَةٖ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ وَجَنَّةٍ عَرۡضُهَا ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتُ وَٱلۡأَرۡضُ أُعِدَّتۡ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١٣٣
And hasten to forgiveness from your Lord and a garden [i.e., Paradise] as wide as the heavens and earth, prepared for the righteous
你们应以各种形式的服从争先恐后地立行善功，接近真主。以便你们获得真主的赦宥，进入与天地同宽，已为敬畏者准备好的乐园。
3:134Page 67
ٱلَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ فِي ٱلسَّرَّآءِ وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ وَٱلۡكَٰظِمِينَ ٱلۡغَيۡظَ وَٱلۡعَافِينَ عَنِ ٱلنَّاسِۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٣٤
Who spend [in the cause of Allāh] during ease and hardship and who restrain anger and who pardon the people - and Allāh loves the doers of good;
敬畏者，他们是在康乐和困难之时皆为主道施舍财物之人，他们是在有能力复仇而抑制愤怒的宽恕他人之人，真主喜欢具有这些特性的行善者。
3:135Page 67
وَٱلَّذِينَ إِذَا فَعَلُواْ فَٰحِشَةً أَوۡ ظَلَمُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ ذَكَرُواْ ٱللَّهَ فَٱسۡتَغۡفَرُواْ لِذُنُوبِهِمۡ وَمَن يَغۡفِرُ ٱلذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا ٱللَّهُ وَلَمۡ يُصِرُّواْ عَلَىٰ مَا فَعَلُواْ وَهُمۡ يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٣٥
And those who, when they commit an immorality or wrong themselves [by transgression], remember Allāh and seek forgiveness for their sins - and who can forgive sins except Allāh? - and [who] do not persist in what they have done while they know.
敬畏者，当他们做了丑事或自欺时，他们会记念真主。他们谨记真主对违抗者的惩罚和对敬畏者的允诺，因此他们后悔不已，向其养主忏悔请求饶恕。因为只有真主能赦宥罪恶，使他们洗心革面。的确，真主能饶恕所有罪过。
3:136Page 67
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ جَزَآؤُهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّهِمۡ وَجَنَّٰتٞ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۚ وَنِعۡمَ أَجۡرُ ٱلۡعَٰمِلِينَ ١٣٦
Those - their reward is forgiveness from their Lord and gardens beneath which rivers flow [in Paradise], wherein they will abide eternally; and excellent is the reward of the [righteous] workers.
具有这些美德之人，他们的回赐就是得到真主的赦宥和原谅。他们在后世拥有下临诸河的乐园，并永居其中。真主给予顺从者的报酬真优美啊！
3:137Page 67
قَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ سُنَنٞ فَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلۡمُكَذِّبِينَ ١٣٧
Similar situations [as yours] have passed on before you, so proceed throughout the earth and observe how was the end of those who denied.
当信士们遭遇伍候德战役的考验时，真主宽慰他们说：“在你们之前，有许多毁灭不信道者的常例，并使他们的惩罚成为信士们的教训。故你们在大地上奔走，去观察否认真主者和其使者的结局，他们必将家毁人亡，一无所有。”
3:138Page 67
هَٰذَا بَيَانٞ لِّلنَّاسِ وَهُدٗى وَمَوۡعِظَةٞ لِّلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١٣٨
This [Qur’ān] is a clear statement to [all] the people and a guidance and instruction for those conscious of Allāh.
这本尊贵的《古兰经》是向世人作以真理的宣示和虚妄的警告。它是正道的引导，是对敬畏者的警告。因为敬畏者是明证和引导的受益者。
3:139Page 67
وَلَا تَهِنُواْ وَلَا تَحۡزَنُواْ وَأَنتُمُ ٱلۡأَعۡلَوۡنَ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١٣٩
So do not weaken and do not grieve, and you will be superior if you are [true] believers.
信士们啊！你们不要对伍候德战役中所遭遇的创伤而感到灰心和忧愁，你们不应如此。你们以信仰而占据优势，你们必以真主的佑助和获胜的信念而成为占据优势之人，如果你们信仰真主，并相信真主给予仆人的允诺。
3:140Page 67
إِن يَمۡسَسۡكُمۡ قَرۡحٞ فَقَدۡ مَسَّ ٱلۡقَوۡمَ قَرۡحٞ مِّثۡلُهُۥۚ وَتِلۡكَ ٱلۡأَيَّامُ نُدَاوِلُهَا بَيۡنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَلِيَعۡلَمَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَيَتَّخِذَ مِنكُمۡ شُهَدَآءَۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٤٠
If a wound should touch you - there has already touched the [opposing] people a wound similar to it. And these days [of varying conditions] We alternate among the people so that Allāh may make evident those who believe and [may] take to Himself from among you martyrs - and Allāh does not like the wrongdoers -
信士们啊！如果你们在伍候德战役中受伤或牺牲，那么不信道者也受到了类似的伤亡。真主以其智慧使胜利和失败在祂所意欲的信士和不信道者之间更迭交错。以便从伪信士中甄别出真正的信士，以便恩赐祂所意欲之人走上正道。真主不喜欢放弃为主道奋斗而自欺的不义之人。
3:141Page 68
وَلِيُمَحِّصَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَيَمۡحَقَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٤١
And that Allāh may purify the believers [through trials] and destroy the disbelievers.
通过这些规定可以清除信士们的罪过，纯洁他们的队伍，以便消灭并铲除他们中的不义之人。
3:142Page 68
أَمۡ حَسِبۡتُمۡ أَن تَدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ وَلَمَّا يَعۡلَمِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ جَٰهَدُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَيَعۡلَمَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ١٤٢
Or do you think that you will enter Paradise while Allāh has not yet made evident those of you who fight in His cause and made evident those who are steadfast?
信士们啊！难道你们认为，你们自身就能进入乐园，而无需通过对真正的为主道奋斗者和面临考验坚忍者的甄别和测试吗？！
3:143Page 68
وَلَقَدۡ كُنتُمۡ تَمَنَّوۡنَ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ مِن قَبۡلِ أَن تَلۡقَوۡهُ فَقَدۡ رَأَيۡتُمُوهُ وَأَنتُمۡ تَنظُرُونَ ١٤٣
And you had certainly wished for death [i.e., martyrdom] before you encountered it, and you have [now] seen it [before you] while you were looking on.
信士们啊！你们曾盼望杀敌以便获得为主道牺牲的荣誉，就像白德尔战役中牺牲的弟兄们那样。你们在伍候德 战役中已亲眼目睹了自己所盼望之事。
3:144Page 68
وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٞ قَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِن قَبۡلِهِ ٱلرُّسُلُۚ أَفَإِيْن مَّاتَ أَوۡ قُتِلَ ٱنقَلَبۡتُمۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَعۡقَٰبِكُمۡۚ وَمَن يَنقَلِبۡ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيۡهِ فَلَن يَضُرَّ ٱللَّهَ شَيۡـٔٗاۚ وَسَيَجۡزِي ٱللَّهُ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ ١٤٤
Muḥammad is not but a messenger. [Other] messengers have passed on before him. So if he was to die or be killed, would you turn back on your heels [to unbelief]? And he who turns back on his heels will never harm Allāh at all; but Allāh will reward the grateful.
穆罕默德只是一位使者，在他之前，有许多使者确已逝去或被杀害。如果他牺牲或被杀，难道你们就要背叛宗教，放弃为主道奋斗吗？！你们中谁背叛宗教，确实无碍于真主，因为祂是大能的，是万能的主。而叛教者因其背叛而亏枉自己的今后两世，真主将因坚守宗教，坚持为主道奋斗而加倍回报感恩之人。
3:145Page 68
وَمَا كَانَ لِنَفۡسٍ أَن تَمُوتَ إِلَّا بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ كِتَٰبٗا مُّؤَجَّلٗاۗ وَمَن يُرِدۡ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا نُؤۡتِهِۦ مِنۡهَا وَمَن يُرِدۡ ثَوَابَ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ نُؤۡتِهِۦ مِنۡهَاۚ وَسَنَجۡزِي ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ ١٤٥
And it is not [possible] for one to die except by permission of Allāh at a decree determined. And whoever desires the reward of this world - We will give him thereof; and whoever desires the reward of the Hereafter - We will give him thereof. And We will reward the grateful.
每个人都依真主的裁决而死亡，祂确已为每个人定下死亡的日期，这也是人们的最后期限，分毫不差。谁希望得到今世的回报，我以其善功而回报他，他无缘于后世福分；谁希望得到后世的回报，我将以此给予他。我将厚报那些感谢真主之人。
3:146Page 68
وَكَأَيِّن مِّن نَّبِيّٖ قَٰتَلَ مَعَهُۥ رِبِّيُّونَ كَثِيرٞ فَمَا وَهَنُواْ لِمَآ أَصَابَهُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَمَا ضَعُفُواْ وَمَا ٱسۡتَكَانُواْۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ١٤٦
And how many a prophet [fought in battle and] with him fought many religious scholars. But they never lost assurance due to what afflicted them in the cause of Allāh, nor did they weaken or submit. And Allāh loves the steadfast.
有许多真主的先知，与他们共同杀敌的是追随他们的仁人志士。他们没有因主道上遭受的伤亡而放弃奋斗，也没有因杀敌而意志消沉，懈怠屈服，而是一再的坚忍和坚守。真主喜欢为主道而忍受艰难困苦之人。
3:147Page 68
وَمَا كَانَ قَوۡلَهُمۡ إِلَّآ أَن قَالُواْ رَبَّنَا ٱغۡفِرۡ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا وَإِسۡرَافَنَا فِيٓ أَمۡرِنَا وَثَبِّتۡ أَقۡدَامَنَا وَٱنصُرۡنَا عَلَى ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٤٧
And their words were not but that they said, "Our Lord, forgive us our sins and the excess [committed] in our affairs and plant firmly our feet and give us victory over the disbelieving people."
当遭遇灾难时，坚忍者没有别的话，只是说：“我们的主啊！求你饶恕我们的罪过和我们的过失，求你在我们遇敌时坚定我们的步伐，求你援助我们战胜不信道的民众。”
3:148Page 68
فَـَٔاتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَحُسۡنَ ثَوَابِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٤٨
So Allāh gave them the reward of this world and the good reward of the Hereafter. And Allāh loves the doers of good.
故真主以战胜敌人作为给予他们今世的回赐，以对他们满意而作为对他们后世的回赐，并恩赐给他们永久的乐园。真主喜爱在宗教修为和接人待物方面的行善之人。
3:149Page 69
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِن تُطِيعُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ يَرُدُّوكُمۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَعۡقَٰبِكُمۡ فَتَنقَلِبُواْ خَٰسِرِينَ ١٤٩
O you who have believed, if you obey those who disbelieve, they will turn you back on your heels, and you will [then] become losers.
信仰真主和其使者的信士啊！如果你们顺从犹太教徒、基督教徒和以物配主的不信道者，他们命令你们迷误，命令你们在信仰之后重返祖教而成为不信道者。如果你们背叛，那将成为今后两世亏折之人。
3:150Page 69
بَلِ ٱللَّهُ مَوۡلَىٰكُمۡۖ وَهُوَ خَيۡرُ ٱلنَّٰصِرِينَ ١٥٠
But Allāh is your protector, and He is the best of helpers.
如果你们顺从不信道者，他们是绝不会援助你们的。然而，真主才是你们克敌的援助者，故你们应顺从祂。真主是最好的援助者，除祂外你们无需他人。
3:151Page 69
سَنُلۡقِي فِي قُلُوبِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ ٱلرُّعۡبَ بِمَآ أَشۡرَكُواْ بِٱللَّهِ مَا لَمۡ يُنَزِّلۡ بِهِۦ سُلۡطَٰنٗاۖ وَمَأۡوَىٰهُمُ ٱلنَّارُۖ وَبِئۡسَ مَثۡوَى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٥١
We will cast terror into the hearts of those who disbelieve for what they have associated with Allāh of which He had not sent down [any] authority.1 And their refuge will be the Fire, and wretched is the residence of the wrongdoers.
我要把恐惧投入在不信道者的心中，他们因妄拜偶像、以物配主而无心与你们恋战。他们在后世的归宿就是火狱，不义者的归宿真恶劣。
3:152Page 69
وَلَقَدۡ صَدَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ وَعۡدَهُۥٓ إِذۡ تَحُسُّونَهُم بِإِذۡنِهِۦۖ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا فَشِلۡتُمۡ وَتَنَٰزَعۡتُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَمۡرِ وَعَصَيۡتُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ مَآ أَرَىٰكُم مَّا تُحِبُّونَۚ مِنكُم مَّن يُرِيدُ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَمِنكُم مَّن يُرِيدُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةَۚ ثُمَّ صَرَفَكُمۡ عَنۡهُمۡ لِيَبۡتَلِيَكُمۡۖ وَلَقَدۡ عَفَا عَنكُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ ذُو فَضۡلٍ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٥٢
And Allāh had certainly fulfilled His promise to you when you were killing them [i.e., the enemy] by His permission until [the time] when you lost courage and fell to disputing about the order [given by the Prophet (ﷺ)] and disobeyed after He had shown you that which you love.1 Among you are some who desire this world, and among you are some who desire the Hereafter. Then He turned you back from them [defeated] that He might test you. And He has already forgiven you, and Allāh is the possessor of bounty for the believers.
当你们奉真主的命令歼灭敌军时，真主已实践了祂对你们在伍候德 战役中制胜敌人的诺言，直到当你们对使者要求你们坚守阵地的命令开始动摇和怯懦时、并对于留守阵地还是放弃战斗去收集战利品而发生分歧时，你们违背了使者曾命令你们无论战况如何都应坚守阵地的命令。在你们看见自己所喜爱的战利品之后，你们中有人想得到今世的战利品而放弃了阵地，而有人想得到后世的回赐选择顺从使者命令，坚守阵地。之后，真主使战事情况逆转，使敌人反败为胜以便考验你们。于是，坚忍的信士从意志薄弱者当中脱颖而出。真主已原谅你们违反使者命令的过错，真主对于信士是宏恩的，原谅他们，并因他们的创伤而回赐他们。
3:153Page 69
۞ إِذۡ تُصۡعِدُونَ وَلَا تَلۡوُۥنَ عَلَىٰٓ أَحَدٖ وَٱلرَّسُولُ يَدۡعُوكُمۡ فِيٓ أُخۡرَىٰكُمۡ فَأَثَٰبَكُمۡ غَمَّۢا بِغَمّٖ لِّكَيۡلَا تَحۡزَنُواْ عَلَىٰ مَا فَاتَكُمۡ وَلَا مَآ أَصَٰبَكُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٥٣
[Remember] when you [fled and] climbed [the mountain] without looking aside at anyone while the Messenger was calling you from behind. So Allāh repaid you with distress upon distress so you would not grieve for that which had escaped you [of victory and spoils of war] or [for] that which had befallen you [of injury and death]. And Allāh is [fully] Aware of what you do.
信士们啊！你们应谨记：在伍候德 战役当日，你们因违背使者的命令而败北远遁，落荒而逃，而使者在你们身后，在你们和以物配主者间呼喊你们：“真主的众仆啊！到我这儿来。真主的众仆啊！到我这儿来。真主以你们所失去的胜利和战利品、所遭受的惨败以及散布穆圣被杀消息等重重忧患来报偿你们。真主为你们降示这些，就是为了当你们知道穆圣没有被杀，而不至于对自己所失去的胜利和战利品以及所遭受的伤亡感到惋惜。你们所遭受的一切伤痛和忧患，真主都是全知的，你们的所思所想都无法隐瞒祂。”
3:154Page 70
ثُمَّ أَنزَلَ عَلَيۡكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ ٱلۡغَمِّ أَمَنَةٗ نُّعَاسٗا يَغۡشَىٰ طَآئِفَةٗ مِّنكُمۡۖ وَطَآئِفَةٞ قَدۡ أَهَمَّتۡهُمۡ أَنفُسُهُمۡ يَظُنُّونَ بِٱللَّهِ غَيۡرَ ٱلۡحَقِّ ظَنَّ ٱلۡجَٰهِلِيَّةِۖ يَقُولُونَ هَل لَّنَا مِنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ مِن شَيۡءٖۗ قُلۡ إِنَّ ٱلۡأَمۡرَ كُلَّهُۥ لِلَّهِۗ يُخۡفُونَ فِيٓ أَنفُسِهِم مَّا لَا يُبۡدُونَ لَكَۖ يَقُولُونَ لَوۡ كَانَ لَنَا مِنَ ٱلۡأَمۡرِ شَيۡءٞ مَّا قُتِلۡنَا هَٰهُنَاۗ قُل لَّوۡ كُنتُمۡ فِي بُيُوتِكُمۡ لَبَرَزَ ٱلَّذِينَ كُتِبَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡقَتۡلُ إِلَىٰ مَضَاجِعِهِمۡۖ وَلِيَبۡتَلِيَ ٱللَّهُ مَا فِي صُدُورِكُمۡ وَلِيُمَحِّصَ مَا فِي قُلُوبِكُمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ١٥٤
Then after distress, He sent down upon you security [in the form of] drowsiness, overcoming a faction of you, while another faction worried about themselves, thinking of Allāh other than the truth - the thought of ignorance, saying, "Is there anything for us [to have done] in this matter?" Say, "Indeed, the matter belongs completely to Allāh." They conceal within themselves what they will not reveal to you. They say, "If there was anything we could have done in the matter, we [i.e., some of us] would not have been killed right here." Say, "Even if you had been inside your houses, those decreed to be killed would have come out to their death beds." [It was] so that Allāh might test what is in your breasts and purify what is in your hearts. And Allāh is Knowing of that within the breasts.
在忧患之后，真主降示了安宁使你们中一部分人——即坚信真主约定之人，睡意朦胧，在他们心中降下安宁和祥和。而另一部分人心神不定，毫无睡意，他们是为自身而焦虑的伪信士。他们心中充满畏惧和害怕，恶意的猜测真主，认为真主不会援助并支持其使者和众仆，就像蒙昧时期那些妄加猜测真主的人一样。这些对真主毫无所知的伪信士们说：“我们没有取胜的希望了，如果早知道这样，我们就不会出征。”先知啊！你对他们说：“万事皆凭真主，祂裁决和制定祂所意欲之事，祂有能力使你们获胜。”这些伪信士心中充满了怀疑和揣测，他们说：“如果我们能取胜，我们就不会在这里阵亡的。”先知啊！你对他们说：“即使你们坐在家中，远离战场和死亡。如果真主注定你们阵亡，你们也会走出家门，来到阵亡之地。真主如此裁决就是为了考验你们心中的意愿，以此分辨信仰和不信，真主全知众仆的心理，洞察一切。”
3:155Page 70
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوۡاْ مِنكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِ إِنَّمَا ٱسۡتَزَلَّهُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ بِبَعۡضِ مَا كَسَبُواْۖ وَلَقَدۡ عَفَا ٱللَّهُ عَنۡهُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٞ ١٥٥
Indeed, those of you who turned back on the day the two armies met [at Uḥud] - it was Satan who caused them to slip because of some [blame] they had earned. But Allāh has already forgiven them. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Forbearing.
众圣门弟子啊！在伍候德 战役两军交战之时，你们中败北之人，皆因所犯之过而使恶魔有机可乘。真主以其恩惠和仁慈原谅了他们，饶恕了他们。真主对忏悔之人确是至恕的，不急于惩处他们是至容的。
3:156Page 70
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَكُونُواْ كَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَقَالُواْ لِإِخۡوَٰنِهِمۡ إِذَا ضَرَبُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أَوۡ كَانُواْ غُزّٗى لَّوۡ كَانُواْ عِندَنَا مَا مَاتُواْ وَمَا قُتِلُواْ لِيَجۡعَلَ ٱللَّهُ ذَٰلِكَ حَسۡرَةٗ فِي قُلُوبِهِمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ يُحۡيِۦ وَيُمِيتُۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ بَصِيرٞ ١٥٦
O you who have believed, do not be like those who disbelieved and said about their brothers when they traveled through the land or went out to fight, "If they had been with us, they would not have died or have been killed," so Allāh makes that [misconception] a regret within their hearts. And it is Allāh who gives life and causes death, and Allāh is Seeing of what you do.
信仰真主和追随其使者的信士啊！你们不要像不信道的伪信士那样，当有人出门寻求给养，或征战而亡时，便对其亲友说：“如果他们同我们坐在家中，没有出门，没有去参战，就不会病故或阵亡。”真主使这种想法扎根于他们心中，以便增加其心中的悔恨和伤悲。真主是唯一以他的意欲使死者复生，使生者死亡的。坐在家中或出门在外都无碍于真主的前定。真主对于你们的所行是全知的，你们对其无法隐讳，祂将以此报偿你们的行为。
3:157Page 70
وَلَئِن قُتِلۡتُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡ مُتُّمۡ لَمَغۡفِرَةٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَحۡمَةٌ خَيۡرٞ مِّمَّا يَجۡمَعُونَ ١٥٧
And if you are killed in the cause of Allāh or die - then forgiveness from Allāh and mercy are better than whatever they accumulate [in this world].
信士们啊！如果你们为主道奋斗而阵亡或病故，真主将以伟大的赦宥和恩慈来饶恕你们。这胜于今世以及今世中的一切恩典。
3:158Page 71
وَلَئِن مُّتُّمۡ أَوۡ قُتِلۡتُمۡ لَإِلَى ٱللَّهِ تُحۡشَرُونَ ١٥٨
And whether you die or are killed, unto Allāh you will be gathered.
如果你们病故或阵亡，你们必回归到真主那里，祂以你们的行为而报酬你们。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences