Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
Ali 'Imran 3:159–200
3:159Page 71
فَبِمَا رَحۡمَةٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ لِنتَ لَهُمۡۖ وَلَوۡ كُنتَ فَظًّا غَلِيظَ ٱلۡقَلۡبِ لَٱنفَضُّواْ مِنۡ حَوۡلِكَۖ فَٱعۡفُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَٱسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ وَشَاوِرۡهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَمۡرِۖ فَإِذَا عَزَمۡتَ فَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُتَوَكِّلِينَ ١٥٩
So by mercy from Allāh, [O Muḥammad], you were lenient with them. And if you had been rude [in speech] and harsh in heart, they would have disbanded from about you. So pardon them and ask forgiveness for them and consult them in the matter. And when you have decided, then rely upon Allāh. Indeed, Allāh loves those who rely [upon Him].
先知啊!因为从真主发出的特慈,你的品行很容易与圣门弟子们相处。如果你言行粗暴,性情残酷,那么他们必定离你而去。故你当原谅他们的短处,当为他们祈求恕饶,当与他们协商共议。如果在协商后你已决计行事,那么你当信托真主。真主喜爱信托之人,祂会援助他们,支持他们。
3:160Page 71
إِن يَنصُرۡكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فَلَا غَالِبَ لَكُمۡۖ وَإِن يَخۡذُلۡكُمۡ فَمَن ذَا ٱلَّذِي يَنصُرُكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦۗ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلۡيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٦٠
If Allāh should aid you, no one can overcome you; but if He should forsake you, who is there that can aid you after Him? And upon Allāh let the believers rely.
如果真主以佑助和胜利支持你们,即使集合全人类,也没人能战胜你们;如果真主放弃你们,而仅仅依靠你们自身,谁又能在祂之后援助你们呢?胜利只掌握在真主手中,故信士们只应信托于真主。
3:161Page 71
وَمَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَن يَغُلَّۚ وَمَن يَغۡلُلۡ يَأۡتِ بِمَا غَلَّ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ ثُمَّ تُوَفَّىٰ كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ مَّا كَسَبَتۡ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ١٦١
It is not [attributable] to any prophet that he would act unfaithfully [in regard to war booty]. And whoever betrays, [taking unlawfully], will come with what he took on the Day of Resurrection. Then will every soul be [fully] compensated for what it earned, and they will not be wronged.
任何先知,都无权侵吞真主属意他之外的战利品。你们中谁侵吞战利品,复活日,真主将揭露他的丑行并加以惩处。他将在众人面前拿出侵吞之物。之后,每个人都将获得自己行为的完全报酬,不会增加罪恶也不会减少善功,他们不受丝毫亏枉。
3:162Page 71
أَفَمَنِ ٱتَّبَعَ رِضۡوَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ كَمَنۢ بَآءَ بِسَخَطٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَمَأۡوَىٰهُ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ١٦٢
So is one who pursues the pleasure of Allāh like one who brings upon himself the anger of Allāh and whose refuge is Hell? And wretched is the destination.
难道你们认为追求真主喜悦而获得信仰和善功之人,与否认真主、坏事干尽之人在真主那里地位是一样的吗?他们将受到真主的恼怒,他们的归宿是火狱,那归宿真恶劣。
3:163Page 71
هُمۡ دَرَجَٰتٌ عِندَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ بَصِيرُۢ بِمَا يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٦٣
They are [varying] degrees in the sight of Allāh, and Allāh is Seeing of whatever they do.
在真主看来,他们在今后两世的地位是不同的,真主全知他们的行为,祂将以其行为而报酬他们。
3:164Page 71
لَقَدۡ مَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ إِذۡ بَعَثَ فِيهِمۡ رَسُولٗا مِّنۡ أَنفُسِهِمۡ يَتۡلُواْ عَلَيۡهِمۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ وَيُزَكِّيهِمۡ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَإِن كَانُواْ مِن قَبۡلُ لَفِي ضَلَٰلٖ مُّبِينٍ ١٦٤
Certainly did Allāh confer [great] favor upon the believers when He sent among them a Messenger from themselves, reciting to them His verses and purifying them and teaching them the Book [i.e., the Qur’ān] and wisdom,1 although they had been before in manifest error.
真主确已恩赐并善待了信士们。真主从他们中派遣了使者,对他们宣读《古兰经》,从以物配主的不义之行和卑贱的品德上净化他们,并教授他们《古兰经》和圣行。他们曾在穆圣为圣之前处在明显的迷误中,曾远离一切的指引和明证。
3:165Page 71
أَوَلَمَّآ أَصَٰبَتۡكُم مُّصِيبَةٞ قَدۡ أَصَبۡتُم مِّثۡلَيۡهَا قُلۡتُمۡ أَنَّىٰ هَٰذَاۖ قُلۡ هُوَ مِنۡ عِندِ أَنفُسِكُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٞ ١٦٥
Why [is it that] when a [single] disaster struck you [on the day of Uḥud], although you had struck [the enemy in the battle of Badr] with one twice as great, you said, "From where is this?" Say, "It is from yourselves [i.e., due to your sin]." Indeed, Allāh is over all things competent.
信士们啊!你们在伍候德 战役中惨遭失败,有人被杀害。然而,你们的敌人曾在“百德尔”战役中,惨遭杀害和被俘者的数量则是你们在伍候德 战役中的两倍。而你们却说:“我们是信士,先知在我们当中,我们怎会遭受这些呢?”先知啊!你说:“你们所遭受的杀戮,皆因违背使者的命令而自作自受。”的确,真主对于万事是大能的,祂可以援助祂所意欲之人,也可以弃绝祂所意欲之人。
3:166Page 72
وَمَآ أَصَٰبَكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡتَقَى ٱلۡجَمۡعَانِ فَبِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ وَلِيَعۡلَمَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٦٦
And what struck you on the day the two armies met [at Uḥud] was by permission of Allāh that He might make evident the [true] believers
伍候德 战役中两军交战之时,你们所遭受的伤亡和失败,都是真主的裁决,其奥义就是为了突显出信士们的忠实。
3:167Page 72
وَلِيَعۡلَمَ ٱلَّذِينَ نَافَقُواْۚ وَقِيلَ لَهُمۡ تَعَالَوۡاْ قَٰتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَوِ ٱدۡفَعُواْۖ قَالُواْ لَوۡ نَعۡلَمُ قِتَالٗا لَّٱتَّبَعۡنَٰكُمۡۗ هُمۡ لِلۡكُفۡرِ يَوۡمَئِذٍ أَقۡرَبُ مِنۡهُمۡ لِلۡإِيمَٰنِۚ يَقُولُونَ بِأَفۡوَٰهِهِم مَّا لَيۡسَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمۡۚ وَٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا يَكۡتُمُونَ ١٦٧
And that He might make evident those who are hypocrites. For it was said to them, "Come, fight in the way of Allāh or [at least] defend." They said, "If we had known [there would be] battle, we would have followed you." They were nearer to disbelief that day than to faith, saying with their mouths what was not in their hearts. And Allāh is most knowing of what they conceal -
也是为了分辨出伪信士。当有人对他们说:“你们为主道作战或以你们的人多来抵御和自卫吧!”他们说:“如果我们知道要打仗,必定会追随你们。可是我们没有看到你们和他们之间有战争啊!”当时,他们的反应,与其说是证明他们的信仰,不如说更能证明出他们的不信。他们口是心非。真主全知他们心中所隐讳的,并会以此加以惩处。
3:168Page 72
ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُواْ لِإِخۡوَٰنِهِمۡ وَقَعَدُواْ لَوۡ أَطَاعُونَا مَا قُتِلُواْۗ قُلۡ فَٱدۡرَءُواْ عَنۡ أَنفُسِكُمُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ١٦٨
Those who said about their brothers while sitting [at home], "If they had obeyed us, they would not have been killed." Say, "Then prevent death from yourselves, if you should be truthful."
他们临阵脱逃,并对伍候德 战役中牺牲者的亲友们说:“如果他们听从我们,就不会出战,也不会牺牲。”先知啊!你对他们说:“如果你们所妄称之言属实,即听从了你们就不会招致死亡,而你们能获救的原因就是放弃为主道出征,那你们就为自身抵御死亡吧!”
3:169Page 72
وَلَا تَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ قُتِلُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ أَمۡوَٰتَۢاۚ بَلۡ أَحۡيَآءٌ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ يُرۡزَقُونَ ١٦٩
And never think of those who have been killed in the cause of Allāh as dead. Rather, they are alive with their Lord, receiving provision,
先知啊!你不要认为那些为主道牺牲的烈士是死的,其实他们活着,他们享有各种各样的恩典,除真主以外,任何人不得而知。
3:170Page 72
فَرِحِينَ بِمَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ وَيَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ بِٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَلۡحَقُواْ بِهِم مِّنۡ خَلۡفِهِمۡ أَلَّا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ ١٧٠
Rejoicing in what Allāh has bestowed upon them of His bounty, and they receive good tidings about those [to be martyred] after them who have not yet joined them - that there will be no fear concerning them, nor will they grieve.
他们沐浴在真主给予的幸福和成功的恩惠中。他们希望今世中停留的弟兄们能跟随他们,为主道出征,以便也能获得类似的恩惠。他们对之后即将面临的事情毫无恐惧,对今世中所失去的恩典也毫无忧伤。
3:171Page 72
۞ يَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ بِنِعۡمَةٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَفَضۡلٖ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجۡرَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٧١
They receive good tidings of favor from Allāh and bounty and [of the fact] that Allāh does not allow the reward of believers to be lost -
他们因获得真主将给予的巨大的回赐和加倍的恩典而感到高兴。的确,真主不仅不亏枉信士们一丝毫,而且给予他们加倍的回赐。
3:172Page 72
ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَجَابُواْ لِلَّهِ وَٱلرَّسُولِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَآ أَصَابَهُمُ ٱلۡقَرۡحُۚ لِلَّذِينَ أَحۡسَنُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ وَٱتَّقَوۡاْ أَجۡرٌ عَظِيمٌ ١٧٢
Those [believers] who responded to Allāh and the Messenger after injury had struck them. For those who did good among them and feared Allāh is a great reward -
他们是在伍候德 战役受到重创后,仍积极响应真主和其使者的号召继续为主道出征,参加 伍候德 战役后的“红狮”之战的人们。曾受到的创伤并没有阻碍他们响应真主和其使者的号召,他们中以遵循真主命令,远离真主禁令而敬畏真主的行善之人,必将获得重大的报酬,那就是乐园。
3:173Page 72
ٱلَّذِينَ قَالَ لَهُمُ ٱلنَّاسُ إِنَّ ٱلنَّاسَ قَدۡ جَمَعُواْ لَكُمۡ فَٱخۡشَوۡهُمۡ فَزَادَهُمۡ إِيمَٰنٗا وَقَالُواْ حَسۡبُنَا ٱللَّهُ وَنِعۡمَ ٱلۡوَكِيلُ ١٧٣
Those to whom people [i.e., hypocrites] said, "Indeed, the people have gathered against you, so fear them." But it [merely] increased them in faith, and they said, "Sufficient for us is Allāh, and [He is] the best Disposer of affairs."1
部分以物配主之人曾对信士们说:“古莱氏在艾布·苏富扬的带领下,已经集结好大队人马将与你们开战并消灭你们。你们小心提防他们。”他们的这番话更增加了信士们对真主的信心。他们出征御敌并说:“真主是能使我们满足的、是最完美的监护者。”
3:174Page 73
فَٱنقَلَبُواْ بِنِعۡمَةٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَفَضۡلٖ لَّمۡ يَمۡسَسۡهُمۡ سُوٓءٞ وَٱتَّبَعُواْ رِضۡوَٰنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ ذُو فَضۡلٍ عَظِيمٍ ١٧٤
So they returned with favor from Allāh and bounty, no harm having touched them. And they pursued the pleasure of Allāh, and Allāh is the possessor of great bounty.
他们带着真主的厚报,被提高的品级,毫无伤亡的从“红狮”之战中平安返回。他们为了追求真主的喜悦,服从并放弃罪恶的行径。真主对于信士们确是宏恩的。
3:175Page 73
إِنَّمَا ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ يُخَوِّفُ أَوۡلِيَآءَهُۥ فَلَا تَخَافُوهُمۡ وَخَافُونِ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١٧٥
That is only Satan who frightens [you] of his supporters. So fear them not, but fear Me, if you are [indeed] believers.
恶魔恐吓你们畏惧其党羽,你们不要畏惧他们,他们是无法无力的。你们服从真主、畏惧真主吧,如果你们是信道之人。
3:176Page 73
وَلَا يَحۡزُنكَ ٱلَّذِينَ يُسَٰرِعُونَ فِي ٱلۡكُفۡرِۚ إِنَّهُمۡ لَن يَضُرُّواْ ٱللَّهَ شَيۡـٔٗاۚ يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَلَّا يَجۡعَلَ لَهُمۡ حَظّٗا فِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ ١٧٦
And do not be grieved, [O Muḥammad], by those who hasten into disbelief. Indeed, they will never harm Allāh at all. Allāh intends that He should give them no share in the Hereafter, and for them is a great punishment.
先知啊!你不要因为争相背叛的伪信士而忧愁,他们绝不能损伤真主一丝毫,他们在信仰和顺服真主后背叛,他们只会自伤。真主欲使他们卑贱并且不佑助他们,对于后世的恩惠他们没有福分,并将得到火狱的刑罚。
3:177Page 73
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱشۡتَرَوُاْ ٱلۡكُفۡرَ بِٱلۡإِيمَٰنِ لَن يَضُرُّواْ ٱللَّهَ شَيۡـٔٗاۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ١٧٧
Indeed, those who purchase disbelief [in exchange] for faith - never will they harm Allāh at all, and for them is a painful punishment.
信仰之后而背叛真主之人,他们对真主毫无损伤,只会自伤己身,他们在后世将得到严厉的刑罚。
3:178Page 73
وَلَا يَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْ أَنَّمَا نُمۡلِي لَهُمۡ خَيۡرٞ لِّأَنفُسِهِمۡۚ إِنَّمَا نُمۡلِي لَهُمۡ لِيَزۡدَادُوٓاْ إِثۡمٗاۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ مُّهِينٞ ١٧٨
And let not those who disbelieve ever think that [because] We extend their time [of enjoyment] it is better for them. We only extend it for them so that they may increase in sin, and for them is a humiliating punishment.
背叛真主并冥顽不化之人绝不要认为,真主对他们的姑容和使他们长寿的生活在不信道中是有利于他们的。事实并非如此,我姑容他们就是为了加重其罪恶,他们将得到凌辱的刑罚。
3:179Page 73
مَّا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيَذَرَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ عَلَىٰ مَآ أَنتُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ حَتَّىٰ يَمِيزَ ٱلۡخَبِيثَ مِنَ ٱلطَّيِّبِۗ وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيُطۡلِعَكُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡتَبِي مِن رُّسُلِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُۖ فَـَٔامِنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِۦۚ وَإِن تُؤۡمِنُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ فَلَكُمۡ أَجۡرٌ عَظِيمٞ ١٧٩
Allāh would not leave the believers in that [state] you are in [presently] until He separates the evil from the good. Nor would Allāh reveal to you the unseen. But [instead], Allāh chooses of His messengers whom He wills, so believe in Allāh and His messengers. And if you believe and fear Him, then for you is a great reward.
信士们啊!真主的智慧不是将你们与伪信士混杂在一起,不加分辨和区别,而是运用各种重任和考验来区分你们,以便突显出信士的良善和伪信士的恶劣。真主的智慧不是让你们通过窥测幽玄来区分信士和伪信士。然而,真主拣选祂所意欲之人成为使者,使祂能窥测部分幽玄。同样,真主让祂的先知穆罕默德(愿主福安之)窥测伪信士的情况,故你们当确信真主和其使者。如果你们真正信仰并以遵循真主命令和远离其禁令来敬畏真主,你们将获得重大的报酬。
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وَلَا يَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَبۡخَلُونَ بِمَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ هُوَ خَيۡرٗا لَّهُمۖ بَلۡ هُوَ شَرّٞ لَّهُمۡۖ سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مَا بَخِلُواْ بِهِۦ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۗ وَلِلَّهِ مِيرَٰثُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٞ ١٨٠
And let not those who [greedily] withhold what Allāh has given them of His bounty ever think that it is better for them. Rather, it is worse for them. Their necks will be encircled by what they withheld on the Day of Resurrection. And to Allāh belongs the heritage of the heavens and the earth. And Allāh, of what you do, is [fully] Aware.
吝啬付诸真主给予的恩典之人,绝不要认为他们所吝啬的有益于自身,相反的,其有害于他们。因为他们所吝啬之物,在复活日将变成项圈围绕在脖颈上来惩罚他们。天地间的遗产只属于真主,祂是永生的,真主全知你们的行为,并以此报偿你们。
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لَّقَدۡ سَمِعَ ٱللَّهُ قَوۡلَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ فَقِيرٞ وَنَحۡنُ أَغۡنِيَآءُۘ سَنَكۡتُبُ مَا قَالُواْ وَقَتۡلَهُمُ ٱلۡأَنۢبِيَآءَ بِغَيۡرِ حَقّٖ وَنَقُولُ ذُوقُواْ عَذَابَ ٱلۡحَرِيقِ ١٨١
Allāh has certainly heard the statement of those [Jews] who said, "Indeed, Allāh is poor, while we are rich." We will record what they said and their killing of the prophets without right and will say, "Taste the punishment of the Burning Fire.
真主听到犹太教徒说:“真主穷困,向我们借贷,而我们有钱,我们是富足的。”我将记录下他们所说的谎言,和他们枉杀其先知们的行为,我对他们说:“你们尝试烧灼的刑罚吧!”
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ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا قَدَّمَتۡ أَيۡدِيكُمۡ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَيۡسَ بِظَلَّامٖ لِّلۡعَبِيدِ ١٨٢
That is for what your hands have put forth and because Allāh is not ever unjust to [His] servants."
犹太教徒啊!你们的这种刑罚皆因你们所干的罪恶和过错。真主绝不亏枉任何人。
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ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَهِدَ إِلَيۡنَآ أَلَّا نُؤۡمِنَ لِرَسُولٍ حَتَّىٰ يَأۡتِيَنَا بِقُرۡبَانٖ تَأۡكُلُهُ ٱلنَّارُۗ قُلۡ قَدۡ جَآءَكُمۡ رُسُلٞ مِّن قَبۡلِي بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ وَبِٱلَّذِي قُلۡتُمۡ فَلِمَ قَتَلۡتُمُوهُمۡ إِن كُنتُمۡ صَٰدِقِينَ ١٨٣
[They are] those who said, "Indeed, Allāh has taken our promise not to believe any messenger until he brings us an offering which fire [from heaven] will consume." Say, "There have already come to you messengers before me with clear proofs and [even] that of which you speak. So why did you kill them, if you should be truthful?"
他们曾撒谎说:“真主曾通过众先知之口,在祂的经典中命令我们不要相信任何使者,直到祂带来确认其使命的证据,即从天而降的烈火烧毁其施舍物。”他们假借真主的名义而撒谎,并限定证实使者使命的证据。因此,真主命令使者穆罕默德(愿主福安之)对他们说:“在我之前,有许多的使者已昭示你们诸多的明证,并昭示过你们口中所提到的天降大火、烧毁施舍物的明证。如果你们言而有信,为何要否认并杀害他们呢?”
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فَإِن كَذَّبُوكَ فَقَدۡ كُذِّبَ رُسُلٞ مِّن قَبۡلِكَ جَآءُو بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ وَٱلزُّبُرِ وَٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ٱلۡمُنِيرِ ١٨٤
Then if they deny you, [O Muḥammad] - so were messengers denied before you, who brought clear proofs and written ordinances and the enlightening Scripture.1
先知啊!如果他们否认你,你不要忧伤。这是不信道者的习性,在你之前,他们确已否认了许多使者们。这些使者曾昭示他们许多明证、劝善戒恶的典籍和包含教法规定的明证经典。
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كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ ذَآئِقَةُ ٱلۡمَوۡتِۗ وَإِنَّمَا تُوَفَّوۡنَ أُجُورَكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۖ فَمَن زُحۡزِحَ عَنِ ٱلنَّارِ وَأُدۡخِلَ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ فَقَدۡ فَازَۗ وَمَا ٱلۡحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنۡيَآ إِلَّا مَتَٰعُ ٱلۡغُرُورِ ١٨٥
Every soul will taste death, and you will only be given your [full] compensation on the Day of Resurrection. So he who is drawn away from the Fire and admitted to Paradise has attained [his desire]. And what is the life of this world except the enjoyment of delusion.
每一个性命都要尝试死亡,任何人不应被今世蒙蔽双眼。复活日,你们将享受自己行为的完全报偿。谁得以远离火狱而进入乐园,他便已获得所期盼的成功,并远离所畏惧的火狱。今世的生活是短暂的,是虚幻的享受。
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۞ لَتُبۡلَوُنَّ فِيٓ أَمۡوَٰلِكُمۡ وَأَنفُسِكُمۡ وَلَتَسۡمَعُنَّ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ وَمِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَشۡرَكُوٓاْ أَذٗى كَثِيرٗاۚ وَإِن تَصۡبِرُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ فَإِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ مِنۡ عَزۡمِ ٱلۡأُمُورِ ١٨٦
You will surely be tested in your possessions and in yourselves. And you will surely hear from those who were given the Scripture before you and from those who associate others with Allāh much abuse. But if you are patient and fear Allāh - indeed, that is of the matters [worthy] of resolve.
信士们啊!你们的财产通过履行义务和遭遇损失来接受考验,你们的自身通过履行宗教责任,应对各种灾难,并不得不听取你们之前曾受天经之人和以物配主者口中伤害你们自身和宗教的恶言。如果你们坚忍了这些灾难和考验,事实上,做到遵循真主命令,远离其禁令而敬畏真主,就是需要坚定的决心来成就的事,也是竞争者得以相互竞争之事。
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وَإِذۡ أَخَذَ ٱللَّهُ مِيثَٰقَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ لَتُبَيِّنُنَّهُۥ لِلنَّاسِ وَلَا تَكۡتُمُونَهُۥ فَنَبَذُوهُ وَرَآءَ ظُهُورِهِمۡ وَٱشۡتَرَوۡاْ بِهِۦ ثَمَنٗا قَلِيلٗاۖ فَبِئۡسَ مَا يَشۡتَرُونَ ١٨٧
And [mention, O Muḥammad], when Allāh took a covenant from those who were given the Scripture, [saying], "You must make it clear [i.e., explain it] to the people and not conceal it." But they threw it away behind their backs and exchanged it for a small price. And wretched is that which they purchased.
先知啊!你应谨记:当时,真主与有经的犹太教和基督教学者们缔约,以便你应为世人阐明真主的经典,不要隐讳任何明证,以及证明穆罕默德(愿主福安之)使命的经文。”他们违背了约定,隐瞒了事实,并以真主的约定换取些微的代价,如权力和财力。他们所换取之物真恶劣!
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لَا تَحۡسَبَنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَفۡرَحُونَ بِمَآ أَتَواْ وَّيُحِبُّونَ أَن يُحۡمَدُواْ بِمَا لَمۡ يَفۡعَلُواْ فَلَا تَحۡسَبَنَّهُم بِمَفَازَةٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡعَذَابِۖ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ١٨٨
And never think that those who rejoice in what they have perpetrated and like to be praised for what they did not do - never think them [to be] in safety from the punishment, and for them is a painful punishment.
先知啊!有些人对所做的丑事洋洋得意,并喜欢别人以尚未做过的好事赞美他,你不要认为他们脱离惩罚得以安全,其实他们的归宿就是火狱,他们将受到痛苦的刑罚。
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وَلِلَّهِ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ قَدِيرٌ ١٨٩
And to Allāh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and Allāh is over all things competent.
天地间的王权、创造权和裁决权只属于真主。祂对于万事都是全能的。
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إِنَّ فِي خَلۡقِ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَٱخۡتِلَٰفِ ٱلَّيۡلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ لَأٓيَٰتٖ لِّأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِ ١٩٠
Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of the night and the day are signs for those of understanding -
天地的创造史无前例、昼夜的轮流长短交替,这些对于有理智之人都是明显的证据,证明了宇宙的创造者是唯一值得崇拜的主宰。
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ٱلَّذِينَ يَذۡكُرُونَ ٱللَّهَ قِيَٰمٗا وَقُعُودٗا وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِهِمۡ وَيَتَفَكَّرُونَ فِي خَلۡقِ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ رَبَّنَا مَا خَلَقۡتَ هَٰذَا بَٰطِلٗا سُبۡحَٰنَكَ فَقِنَا عَذَابَ ٱلنَّارِ ١٩١
Who remember Allāh while standing or sitting or [lying] on their sides and give thought to the creation of the heavens and the earth, [saying], "Our Lord, You did not create this aimlessly; exalted are You [above such a thing]; then protect us from the punishment of the Fire.
他们是任何情况下,无论站着、坐着、躺着都记念真主之人。他们思考天地的创造,他们说:“我们的主啊!你没有徒然地创造这个世界,你无徒然的特性。求你佑助我们免遭火狱的刑罚,并护佑我们。”
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رَبَّنَآ إِنَّكَ مَن تُدۡخِلِ ٱلنَّارَ فَقَدۡ أَخۡزَيۡتَهُۥۖ وَمَا لِلظَّٰلِمِينَ مِنۡ أَنصَارٖ ١٩٢
Our Lord, indeed whoever You admit to the Fire - You have disgraced him, and for the wrongdoers there are no helpers.
我们的主啊!你使谁入火狱,确已凌辱了他。复活日,不义之人,绝得不到使他免受真主刑罚的援助者。
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رَّبَّنَآ إِنَّنَا سَمِعۡنَا مُنَادِيٗا يُنَادِي لِلۡإِيمَٰنِ أَنۡ ءَامِنُواْ بِرَبِّكُمۡ فَـَٔامَنَّاۚ رَبَّنَا فَٱغۡفِرۡ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا وَكَفِّرۡ عَنَّا سَيِّـَٔاتِنَا وَتَوَفَّنَا مَعَ ٱلۡأَبۡرَارِ ١٩٣
Our Lord, indeed we have heard a caller [i.e., Prophet Muḥammad (ﷺ)] calling to faith, [saying], 'Believe in your Lord,' and we have believed. Our Lord, so forgive us our sins and remove from us our misdeeds and cause us to die among the righteous.
我们的主啊!我们已听到召唤信仰之人——即你的使者穆罕默德(愿主福安之)的召唤,他说:“你们当确信你们的养主,祂是独一的主。”故我们归信了他所号召的,并追随了他的教义。求你遮掩我们的过错不要揭发它,求你原谅我们的罪过不要惩罚它,求你佑助我们立行善事、放弃恶事,求你让我们与清廉者同生共死。
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رَبَّنَا وَءَاتِنَا مَا وَعَدتَّنَا عَلَىٰ رُسُلِكَ وَلَا تُخۡزِنَا يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۖ إِنَّكَ لَا تُخۡلِفُ ٱلۡمِيعَادَ ١٩٤
Our Lord, and grant us what You promised us through Your messengers and do not disgrace us on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed, You do not fail in [Your] promise."
我们的主啊!你曾借众使者的口而应许我们今世中的恩惠和胜利,求你将其赏赐给我们。求你在复活日不要凌辱我们进入火狱,我们的主啊!你是慷慨的,确是不爽约的。
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فَٱسۡتَجَابَ لَهُمۡ رَبُّهُمۡ أَنِّي لَآ أُضِيعُ عَمَلَ عَٰمِلٖ مِّنكُم مِّن ذَكَرٍ أَوۡ أُنثَىٰۖ بَعۡضُكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡضٖۖ فَٱلَّذِينَ هَاجَرُواْ وَأُخۡرِجُواْ مِن دِيَٰرِهِمۡ وَأُوذُواْ فِي سَبِيلِي وَقَٰتَلُواْ وَقُتِلُواْ لَأُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنۡهُمۡ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِمۡ وَلَأُدۡخِلَنَّهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ ثَوَابٗا مِّنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِۚ وَٱللَّهُ عِندَهُۥ حُسۡنُ ٱلثَّوَابِ ١٩٥
And their Lord responded to them, "Never will I allow to be lost the work of [any] worker among you, whether male or female; you are of one another. So those who emigrated or were evicted from their homes or were harmed in My cause or fought or were killed - I will surely remove from them their misdeeds, and I will surely admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow as reward from Allāh, and Allāh has with Him the best reward."
他们的主应答了他们的祈祷:无论行善者或男或女,无论所行善功的多与寡,我都不亏枉你们一丝毫。你们来自同一民众必将一视同仁,不会因是男性而增加,也不会因是女性而减少。为主道奋斗者、被不信道者逐出家门者、为服从真主而受伤害者、为主道出征者、为宣扬真主宗教而献身者,我在复活日必将饶恕他们的罪过,原谅他们,使他们进入下临诸河的乐园。这是真主的回赐,祂那里有无与伦比的美好报酬。
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لَا يَغُرَّنَّكَ تَقَلُّبُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فِي ٱلۡبِلَٰدِ ١٩٦
Be not deceived by the [uninhibited] movement of the disbelievers throughout the land.
先知啊!你不要被不信道者游历四方,自由发展,买卖和给养的昌盛而迷惑,相反的,你应对他们的情况而感到忧伤。
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مَتَٰعٞ قَلِيلٞ ثُمَّ مَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَبِئۡسَ ٱلۡمِهَادُ ١٩٧
[It is but] a small enjoyment; then their [final] refuge is Hell, and wretched is the resting place.
他们在今世只是短暂的享受,复活日,他们的归宿就是火狱,那卧褥真恶劣啊!
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لَٰكِنِ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوۡاْ رَبَّهُمۡ لَهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٞ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا نُزُلٗا مِّنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِۗ وَمَا عِندَ ٱللَّهِ خَيۡرٞ لِّلۡأَبۡرَارِ ١٩٨
But those who feared their Lord will have gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding eternally therein, as accommodation from Allāh. And that which is with Allāh is best for the righteous.
但是,遵循真主命令、远离真主禁令的敬畏之人,他们将处于下临诸河的乐园,并永居其中。这种从真主那里发出的款待,是真主为清廉的仆人准备的,远远胜于不信道者在今世所享受的。
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وَإِنَّ مِنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ لَمَن يُؤۡمِنُ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡكُمۡ وَمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيۡهِمۡ خَٰشِعِينَ لِلَّهِ لَا يَشۡتَرُونَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ ثَمَنٗا قَلِيلًاۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمۡ أَجۡرُهُمۡ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ سَرِيعُ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ١٩٩
And indeed, among the People of the Scripture are those who believe in Allāh and what was revealed to you and what was revealed to them, [being] humbly submissive to Allāh. They do not exchange the verses of Allāh for a small price. Those will have their reward with their Lord. Indeed, Allāh is swift in account.
信奉天经之人确是不同的。他们中有人信仰真主,信仰降示给你们的明证和启示,并信仰降示给他们的——对真主的众使者不加区分,完全服从于真主。他们渴望真主的恩惠,不以真主的迹象换取今世微薄的享受。这等人,在其养主那里他们将得到丰厚的回报。的确,真主是神速清算其善功并加以回报的。
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱصۡبِرُواْ وَصَابِرُواْ وَرَابِطُواْ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ ٢٠٠
O you who have believed, persevere1 and endure2 and remain stationed3 and fear Allāh that you may be successful.
信仰真主、追随其使者的信士们啊!你们当忍耐宗教的责成,以及今世中遭遇的灾难,当在坚忍中战胜敌人,比敌人更能坚忍。当为主道奋斗,当以遵循真主命令,远离真主禁令而敬畏真主,以便你们心想事成,远离火狱,进入乐园。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences