Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
An-Nisa 4:75–152
4:75Page 90
وَمَا لَكُمۡ لَا تُقَٰتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡمُسۡتَضۡعَفِينَ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ وَٱلنِّسَآءِ وَٱلۡوِلۡدَٰنِ ٱلَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَآ أَخۡرِجۡنَا مِنۡ هَٰذِهِ ٱلۡقَرۡيَةِ ٱلظَّالِمِ أَهۡلُهَا وَٱجۡعَل لَّنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ وَلِيّٗا وَٱجۡعَل لَّنَا مِن لَّدُنكَ نَصِيرًا ٧٥
And what is [the matter] with you that you fight not in the cause of Allāh and [for] the oppressed among men, women and children who say, "Our Lord, take us out of this city of oppressive people and appoint for us from Yourself a protector and appoint for us from Yourself a helper"?
信士们啊!是什么原因阻止了你们为主道和拯救老弱妇孺而出征呢?他们常祈求真主说:“我们的养主啊!求您从这个不信仰真主、敌对您仆人的虐民的麦加城把我们解救出去吧,求您从您那里为我们委派一名关心和保护我们的管理者,一名使我们免遭伤害的援助者。”
4:76Page 90
ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ يُقَٰتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ يُقَٰتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱلطَّٰغُوتِ فَقَٰتِلُوٓاْ أَوۡلِيَآءَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِۖ إِنَّ كَيۡدَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ كَانَ ضَعِيفًا ٧٦
Those who believe fight in the cause of Allāh, and those who disbelieve fight in the cause of ṭāghūt.1 So fight against the allies of Satan. Indeed, the plot of Satan has ever been weak.
忠诚的信士为主道而战,不信道者为他们的神灵而战。故你们当对恶魔的党羽作战,如果你们上阵杀敌,就已战胜了他们。因为恶魔的计谋确是脆弱的,必不能伤害信托真主之人。
4:77Page 90
أَلَمۡ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ قِيلَ لَهُمۡ كُفُّوٓاْ أَيۡدِيَكُمۡ وَأَقِيمُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتُواْ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡقِتَالُ إِذَا فَرِيقٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ يَخۡشَوۡنَ ٱلنَّاسَ كَخَشۡيَةِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡ أَشَدَّ خَشۡيَةٗۚ وَقَالُواْ رَبَّنَا لِمَ كَتَبۡتَ عَلَيۡنَا ٱلۡقِتَالَ لَوۡلَآ أَخَّرۡتَنَآ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٖ قَرِيبٖۗ قُلۡ مَتَٰعُ ٱلدُّنۡيَا قَلِيلٞ وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةُ خَيۡرٞ لِّمَنِ ٱتَّقَىٰ وَلَا تُظۡلَمُونَ فَتِيلًا ٧٧
Have you not seen those who were told, "Restrain your hands [from fighting]1 and establish prayer and give zakāh"? But then when battle was ordained for them, at once a party of them feared men as they fear Allāh or with [even] greater fear. They said, "Our Lord, why have You decreed upon us fighting? If only You had postponed [it for] us for a short time." Say, "The enjoyment of this world is little, and the Hereafter is better for he who fears Allāh. And injustice will not be done to you, [even] as much as a thread [inside a date seed]."
使者啊!你难道没有看到,你的一些追随者请求将为主道出征做为主命时,有人曾对他们说:“你们当放弃武力。当谨守拜功,完纳天课。”-这些先于为主道出征而被定为主命-当他们迁徙到麦地那,伊斯兰有了保障,将为主道出征定为主命时,一些人感到为难了,因为他们畏惧敌人就像畏惧真主一样或更甚之。他们说:“我们的主啊!您为什么将出征做为我们的定制呢?您为什么不让我们延迟到一个临近的日期,以便我们享受今世的生活呢?”使者啊!你对他们说:“今世的享受,短暂而易消逝,而后世对于敬畏真主之人,是更好的,恩惠是更长远的。你们的任何善功不会缩减,即使它小如穿过枣核的线。”
4:78Page 90
أَيۡنَمَا تَكُونُواْ يُدۡرِككُّمُ ٱلۡمَوۡتُ وَلَوۡ كُنتُمۡ فِي بُرُوجٖ مُّشَيَّدَةٖۗ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ حَسَنَةٞ يَقُولُواْ هَٰذِهِۦ مِنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ سَيِّئَةٞ يَقُولُواْ هَٰذِهِۦ مِنۡ عِندِكَۚ قُلۡ كُلّٞ مِّنۡ عِندِ ٱللَّهِۖ فَمَالِ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ لَا يَكَادُونَ يَفۡقَهُونَ حَدِيثٗا ٧٨
Wherever you may be, death will overtake you, even if you should be within towers of lofty construction. But if good comes to them, they say, "This is from Allāh"; and if evil befalls them, they say,1 "This is from you." Say, "All [things] are from Allāh." So what is [the matter] with those people that they can hardly understand any statement?
如果你们的寿限到了,无论身在何处,死亡总要追及你们,即使你们身在一个远离战场的坚固的城堡中。如果这些伪信士获得了他们所喜悦的子女或很多给养,就会说:“这是真主所恩赐的。”如果他们获得了令其不悦的子女或给养,就会厌恶穆圣(愿主福安之),并说:“这个灾难皆因你而起。”使者啊!你反驳他们说:“一切的福祸都依照真主的前定。”能说出此番言语的民众,几乎不能领悟你对他们的教导?!
4:79Page 90
مَّآ أَصَابَكَ مِنۡ حَسَنَةٖ فَمِنَ ٱللَّهِۖ وَمَآ أَصَابَكَ مِن سَيِّئَةٖ فَمِن نَّفۡسِكَۚ وَأَرۡسَلۡنَٰكَ لِلنَّاسِ رَسُولٗاۚ وَكَفَىٰ بِٱللَّهِ شَهِيدٗا ٧٩
What comes to you of good is from Allāh, but what comes to you of evil, [O man], is from yourself.1 And We have sent you, [O Muḥammad], to the people as a messenger, and sufficient is Allāh as Witness.2
人类啊!凡是你所获得的你所喜悦的给养和子女,都是真主恩赐予你的;凡是你所获得令你不悦的给养和子女,皆来自于你,因你所犯下的罪恶而招致的。先知啊!我派遣你为全人类的使者,来传达真主的使命,真主足以见证你确已将降示予你的明证和证据毫无保留地传达给了他们。
4:80Page 91
مَّن يُطِعِ ٱلرَّسُولَ فَقَدۡ أَطَاعَ ٱللَّهَۖ وَمَن تَوَلَّىٰ فَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَٰكَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ حَفِيظٗا ٨٠
He who obeys the Messenger has obeyed Allāh; but those who turn away - We have not sent you over them as a guardian.
谁以遵循命令,远离禁令而顺从使者,那他确已服从了真主;使者啊!如果谁拒绝服从你,你也无须伤心。我未派遣你做他们的监管人,而我确要清算他们的善功。
4:81Page 91
وَيَقُولُونَ طَاعَةٞ فَإِذَا بَرَزُواْ مِنۡ عِندِكَ بَيَّتَ طَآئِفَةٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ غَيۡرَ ٱلَّذِي تَقُولُۖ وَٱللَّهُ يَكۡتُبُ مَا يُبَيِّتُونَۖ فَأَعۡرِضۡ عَنۡهُمۡ وَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۚ وَكَفَىٰ بِٱللَّهِ وَكِيلًا ٨١
And they say, "[We pledge] obedience." But when they leave you, a group of them spend the night determining to do other than what you say. But Allāh records what they plan by night. So leave them alone and rely upon Allāh. And sufficient is Allāh as Disposer of affairs.
伪信士们亲口对你说:“我们服从你,响应你。”当他们从你那里出来,其中的一伙人就会悄悄的变更对你所说之言,真主全知他们的阴谋,并将以其计谋而报偿他们。故你无须忌惮他们,他们绝不会伤害到你,你当信托真主并依靠祂,真主足为你所托靠的受托者。
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أَفَلَا يَتَدَبَّرُونَ ٱلۡقُرۡءَانَۚ وَلَوۡ كَانَ مِنۡ عِندِ غَيۡرِ ٱللَّهِ لَوَجَدُواْ فِيهِ ٱخۡتِلَٰفٗا كَثِيرٗا ٨٢
Then do they not reflect upon the Qur’ān?1 If it had been from [any] other than Allāh, they would have found within it much contradiction.
这些人为什么不研究并学习《古兰经》呢?以便确认其中并无任何的分歧和矛盾之处。以便他们知道《古兰经》确是真主降示给你的经典。如果这部经典不是出自于真主,那他们必定会发现其中有许多的错误和矛盾之处。
4:83Page 91
وَإِذَا جَآءَهُمۡ أَمۡرٞ مِّنَ ٱلۡأَمۡنِ أَوِ ٱلۡخَوۡفِ أَذَاعُواْ بِهِۦۖ وَلَوۡ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى ٱلرَّسُولِ وَإِلَىٰٓ أُوْلِي ٱلۡأَمۡرِ مِنۡهُمۡ لَعَلِمَهُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَسۡتَنۢبِطُونَهُۥ مِنۡهُمۡۗ وَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَرَحۡمَتُهُۥ لَٱتَّبَعۡتُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنَ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا ٨٣
And when there comes to them something [i.e., information] about [public] security or fear, they spread it around. But if they had referred it back to the Messenger or to those of authority among them, then the ones who [can] draw correct conclusions from it would have known about it. And if not for the favor of Allāh upon you and His mercy, you would have followed Satan, except for a few.
如果伪信士们得知穆斯林们已获得安全和高兴之事,或他们害怕和伤心之事时,就会大肆地宣扬。如果他们把这些事报告给使者(愿主福安之)和有真知灼见之人时,那么,这些有洞察力的人就知道该如何应对,是宣扬还是隐藏。信士们啊!假若没有真主所恩赐你们的《古兰经》,并佑助你们免遭伪信士的伎俩,除少数人外,你们必已跟随了恶魔的脚步。
4:84Page 91
فَقَٰتِلۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ لَا تُكَلَّفُ إِلَّا نَفۡسَكَۚ وَحَرِّضِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَۖ عَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَكُفَّ بَأۡسَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْۚ وَٱللَّهُ أَشَدُّ بَأۡسٗا وَأَشَدُّ تَنكِيلٗا ٨٤
So fight, [O Muḥammad], in the cause of Allāh; you are not held responsible except for yourself. And encourage the believers [to join you] that perhaps Allāh will restrain the [military] might of those who disbelieve. And Allāh is greater in might and stronger in [exemplary] punishment.1
使者啊!你为宣扬真主的宗教而战斗吧!你不要求助,也无须强迫他人,因为你只责成自己战斗。你鼓励信士们去战斗,并督促他们,也许真主以你们的战斗而阻止不信道者的力量,真主是最强大的,祂的惩罚是最严厉的。
4:85Page 91
مَّن يَشۡفَعۡ شَفَٰعَةً حَسَنَةٗ يَكُن لَّهُۥ نَصِيبٞ مِّنۡهَاۖ وَمَن يَشۡفَعۡ شَفَٰعَةٗ سَيِّئَةٗ يَكُن لَّهُۥ كِفۡلٞ مِّنۡهَاۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ مُّقِيتٗا ٨٥
Whoever intercedes for a good cause will have a share [i.e., reward] therefrom; and whoever intercedes for an evil cause will have a portion [i.e., burden] therefrom. And ever is Allāh, over all things, a Keeper.1
谁努力为他人谋福利,谁得一份回赐;谁努力为他人谋恶事,谁得一份罪恶。真主见证世人所做过的任何事情,并以此报偿。你们中谁导人获得福利,他也将得到一份回赐,谁导人作恶,他必获得恶报。
4:86Page 91
وَإِذَا حُيِّيتُم بِتَحِيَّةٖ فَحَيُّواْ بِأَحۡسَنَ مِنۡهَآ أَوۡ رُدُّوهَآۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيۡءٍ حَسِيبًا ٨٦
And when you are greeted with a greeting, greet [in return] with one better than it or [at least] return it [in a like manner]. Indeed Allāh is ever, over all things, an Accountant.
如果有人以祝词祝贺你们时,你们当以更好的祝词或类似的祝词回答他。以更好的祝词回答是最好的。真主确是监察万物的,并以此而报偿。
4:87Page 92
ٱللَّهُ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۚ لَيَجۡمَعَنَّكُمۡ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ لَا رَيۡبَ فِيهِۗ وَمَنۡ أَصۡدَقُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ حَدِيثٗا ٨٧
Allāh - there is no deity except Him. He will surely assemble you for [account on] the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt. And who is more truthful than Allāh in statement.
真主-除祂外,绝无应受崇拜的-祂必将在毫无怀疑的复活日将众人集合在一起,来报偿你们各自的行为,真主比任何人都言而有信。
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۞ فَمَا لَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ فِئَتَيۡنِ وَٱللَّهُ أَرۡكَسَهُم بِمَا كَسَبُوٓاْۚ أَتُرِيدُونَ أَن تَهۡدُواْ مَنۡ أَضَلَّ ٱللَّهُۖ وَمَن يُضۡلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُۥ سَبِيلٗا ٨٨
What is [the matter] with you [that you are] two groups concerning the hypocrites,1 while Allāh has made them fall back [into error and disbelief] for what they earned.2 Do you wish to guide those whom Allāh has sent astray? And he whom Allāh sends astray - never will you find for him a way [of guidance].3
信士们啊!你们为怎样对待伪信士而分成两派,一派认为:因他们的不信道而应讨伐;而另一派却认为:因他们的信仰而应放弃讨伐。为什么你们要因他们的事情而搞分裂呢?真主却因他们的行为使他们陷入不信和迷误之中,难道你们想引导真主所不欲引导之人走上正道吗?真主使谁迷误,你绝不能替他找到一条归正的道路。
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وَدُّواْ لَوۡ تَكۡفُرُونَ كَمَا كَفَرُواْ فَتَكُونُونَ سَوَآءٗۖ فَلَا تَتَّخِذُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءَ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ فَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَخُذُوهُمۡ وَٱقۡتُلُوهُمۡ حَيۡثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمۡۖ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ وَلِيّٗا وَلَا نَصِيرًا ٨٩
They wish you would disbelieve as they disbelieved so you would be alike. So do not take from among them allies until they emigrate for the cause of Allāh. But if they turn away [i.e., refuse], then seize them and kill them [for their betrayal] wherever you find them and take not from among them any ally or helper,
伪信士希望你们能像他们一样,背叛降示给你们的经典,那样,你们就同他们一样的不信道。你们不要将他们当做盟友,直到他们为证明信仰,为主道而迁徙,从以物配主的地方来到伊斯兰的国度。如果他们仍一意孤行,那么,你们就在所见之处杀戮他们,你们不要将他们作为可以信托事务的盟友,他们也不是援助你们克敌的援助者。
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إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَىٰ قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٌ أَوۡ جَآءُوكُمۡ حَصِرَتۡ صُدُورُهُمۡ أَن يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ أَوۡ يُقَٰتِلُواْ قَوۡمَهُمۡۚ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَسَلَّطَهُمۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَلَقَٰتَلُوكُمۡۚ فَإِنِ ٱعۡتَزَلُوكُمۡ فَلَمۡ يُقَٰتِلُوكُمۡ وَأَلۡقَوۡاْ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ فَمَا جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ سَبِيلٗا ٩٠
Except for those who take refuge with a people between yourselves and whom is a treaty or those who come to you, their hearts strained at [the prospect of] fighting you or fighting their own people. And if Allāh had willed, He could have given them power over you, and they would have fought you. So if they remove themselves from you and do not fight you and offer you peace, then Allāh has not made for you a cause [for fighting] against them.
除非他们来到与你们有盟约的民众那里,或归顺你们。他们心有所忌,不愿与你们作战,也不愿与自己的民众作战。如果真主意欲,让他们制服你们,那他们必定会进攻你们。你们承领真主的恩赐吧!不要进攻他们,也不要俘虏他们。如果他们退避三舍,不进攻,并想休战与你们修好,那么真主决不允许你们进攻并俘虏他们。
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سَتَجِدُونَ ءَاخَرِينَ يُرِيدُونَ أَن يَأۡمَنُوكُمۡ وَيَأۡمَنُواْ قَوۡمَهُمۡ كُلَّ مَا رُدُّوٓاْ إِلَى ٱلۡفِتۡنَةِ أُرۡكِسُواْ فِيهَاۚ فَإِن لَّمۡ يَعۡتَزِلُوكُمۡ وَيُلۡقُوٓاْ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلسَّلَمَ وَيَكُفُّوٓاْ أَيۡدِيَهُمۡ فَخُذُوهُمۡ وَٱقۡتُلُوهُمۡ حَيۡثُ ثَقِفۡتُمُوهُمۡۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكُمۡ جَعَلۡنَا لَكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ سُلۡطَٰنٗا مُّبِينٗا ٩١
You will find others who wish to obtain security from you and [to] obtain security from their people. Every time they are returned to [the influence of] disbelief, they fall back into it. So if they do not withdraw from you or offer you peace or restrain their hands, then seize them and kill them wherever you overtake them. And those - We have made for you against them a clear authorization.
信士们啊!你们将会看到另一伙伪信士,他们为了确保自身安全,在你们面前表现出笃信宗教,而当回到自己的民众跟前,为求自保却表现出不信道。每当他们召于不信道和以物配主行为时,会表现得更加背叛。如果这些人未放弃杀戮你们,未与你们重归于好,未停手休战,那么,你们在哪里见到他们就杀戮他们。这等人,我确因他们的背叛和狡诈,给予你们一个杀戮他们的明显证据。
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وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤۡمِنٍ أَن يَقۡتُلَ مُؤۡمِنًا إِلَّا خَطَـٔٗاۚ وَمَن قَتَلَ مُؤۡمِنًا خَطَـٔٗا فَتَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖ مُّؤۡمِنَةٖ وَدِيَةٞ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ أَن يَصَّدَّقُواْۚ فَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوۡمٍ عَدُوّٖ لَّكُمۡ وَهُوَ مُؤۡمِنٞ فَتَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖ مُّؤۡمِنَةٖۖ وَإِن كَانَ مِن قَوۡمِۭ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُم مِّيثَٰقٞ فَدِيَةٞ مُّسَلَّمَةٌ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦ وَتَحۡرِيرُ رَقَبَةٖ مُّؤۡمِنَةٖۖ فَمَن لَّمۡ يَجِدۡ فَصِيَامُ شَهۡرَيۡنِ مُتَتَابِعَيۡنِ تَوۡبَةٗ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمٗا ٩٢
And never is it for a believer to kill a believer except by mistake. And whoever kills a believer by mistake - then the freeing of a believing slave and a compensation payment [diyah] presented to his [i.e., the deceased's] family [is required], unless they give [up their right as] charity. But if he [i.e., the deceased] was from a people at war with you and he was a believer - then [only] the freeing of a believing slave; and if he was from a people with whom you have a treaty - then a compensation payment presented to his family and the freeing of a believing slave. And whoever does not find [one or cannot afford to buy one] - then [instead], a fast for two months consecutively,1 [seeking] acceptance of repentance from Allāh.2 And Allāh is ever Knowing and Wise.
信士不应杀害信士,除非是误杀。谁误杀了一个信士,那他应为自己的罪行而释放一名奴隶,凶手的至亲应向亡者的遗产继承人交纳抚恤金,除非自愿豁免。如果亡者是信士,他的宗族是与你们对抗作战的敌方,那么,凶手应释放一名信道的奴隶,不用交纳抚恤金。如果亡者不是信士,但他的宗族与你们有盟约,如:被保护之人。那么,凶手的至亲应向亡者的遗产继承人交纳抚恤金,凶手还要为自己的罪行而释放一名信道的奴隶。如果没有找到奴隶,或无能力交纳抚恤金,那么,他应连续斋戒两月,以便向真主忏悔自己的所作所为。真主是全知仆人们的行为的,祂的教律和裁决确是至睿的。
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وَمَن يَقۡتُلۡ مُؤۡمِنٗا مُّتَعَمِّدٗا فَجَزَآؤُهُۥ جَهَنَّمُ خَٰلِدٗا فِيهَا وَغَضِبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِ وَلَعَنَهُۥ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُۥ عَذَابًا عَظِيمٗا ٩٣
But whoever kills a believer intentionally - his recompense is Hell, wherein he will abide eternally, and Allāh has become angry with him and has cursed him and has prepared for him a great punishment.
谁故意杀害信士,那他的报偿就是永居火狱之中,且受真主的恼怒,并使其无缘真主的仁慈。真主因他的罪行为他准备了严厉的刑罚。
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِذَا ضَرَبۡتُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَتَبَيَّنُواْ وَلَا تَقُولُواْ لِمَنۡ أَلۡقَىٰٓ إِلَيۡكُمُ ٱلسَّلَٰمَ لَسۡتَ مُؤۡمِنٗا تَبۡتَغُونَ عَرَضَ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا فَعِندَ ٱللَّهِ مَغَانِمُ كَثِيرَةٞۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كُنتُم مِّن قَبۡلُ فَمَنَّ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فَتَبَيَّنُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٗا ٩٤
O you who have believed, when you go forth [to fight] in the cause of Allāh, investigate; and do not say to one who gives you [a greeting of] peace, "You are not a believer,"1 aspiring for the goods of worldly life; for with Allāh are many acquisitions. You [yourselves] were like that before; then Allāh conferred His favor [i.e., guidance] upon you, so investigate. Indeed Allāh is ever, of what you do, Aware.
信仰真主并追随使者的信士们啊!如果你们为主道出征,应对敌军事事谨慎,切勿对已向你们表露出归信伊斯兰教之人说:“你不是信士。你是担心自己的生命和财产才信仰伊斯兰教的。”之后,便杀了他。你们杀他是为谋求今世的浮华,如:战利品。同样,你们之前也曾像他一样在你们的民众间隐藏了自己的信仰。真主给予了你们伊斯兰,并保护了你们的生命,你们应事事谨慎。的确,真主彻知你们的行为,并以此报偿你们。
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لَّا يَسۡتَوِي ٱلۡقَٰعِدُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ غَيۡرُ أُوْلِي ٱلضَّرَرِ وَٱلۡمُجَٰهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡۚ فَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُجَٰهِدِينَ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡقَٰعِدِينَ دَرَجَةٗۚ وَكُلّٗا وَعَدَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰۚ وَفَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُجَٰهِدِينَ عَلَى ٱلۡقَٰعِدِينَ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمٗا ٩٥
Not equal are those believers remaining [at home] - other than the disabled - and the mujāhideen, [who strive and fight] in the cause of Allāh with their wealth and their lives. Allāh has preferred the mujāhideen through their wealth and their lives over those who remain [behind], by degrees. And to all [i.e., both] Allāh has promised the best [reward]. But Allāh has preferred the mujāhideen over those who remain [behind] with a great reward -
无疾却放弃为主道出征的信士与有故之人如病人和残疾人、与凭自己的生命和财产为主道出征的信士,是不相等同的。真主使以生命和财产为主道出征者超越于放弃为主道出征者一个等级。真主给予每一位为主道出征者和有故的未出征者相应的回赐。真主将以最优厚的报酬赐予为主道出征者,并使他们超越于放弃为主道出征之人。
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دَرَجَٰتٖ مِّنۡهُ وَمَغۡفِرَةٗ وَرَحۡمَةٗۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمًا ٩٦
Degrees [of high position] from Him and forgiveness and mercy. And Allāh is ever Forgiving and Merciful.
这种报酬就是相互超越的品级、赦宥和对他们的慈恩。真主对于祂的仆人确是至恕的,至慈的。
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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ تَوَفَّىٰهُمُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ ظَالِمِيٓ أَنفُسِهِمۡ قَالُواْ فِيمَ كُنتُمۡۖ قَالُواْ كُنَّا مُسۡتَضۡعَفِينَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ قَالُوٓاْ أَلَمۡ تَكُنۡ أَرۡضُ ٱللَّهِ وَٰسِعَةٗ فَتُهَاجِرُواْ فِيهَاۚ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُۖ وَسَآءَتۡ مَصِيرًا ٩٧
Indeed, those whom the angels take [in death] while wronging themselves1 - [the angels] will say, "In what [condition] were you?" They will say, "We were oppressed in the land." They [the angels] will say, "Was not the earth of Allāh spacious [enough] for you to emigrate therein?" For those, their refuge is Hell - and evil it is as a destination.
放弃从不信道之地迁徙到伊斯兰国度的自欺之人,当天使取他性命时,天使指责他们的灵魂说:“你们生前曾在怎样的状况下?你们与以物配主者有何区别呢?”他们抱歉的回答道:“我们曾是弱者,毫无能力。”天使指责他们说:“真主的大地难道不宽阔吗?你们从那里出去,就能保障你们的宗教和自身免遭卑贱和压迫之辱。”这些未出征之人,他们的归宿是火狱,那是一个恶劣的归宿。
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إِلَّا ٱلۡمُسۡتَضۡعَفِينَ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ وَٱلنِّسَآءِ وَٱلۡوِلۡدَٰنِ لَا يَسۡتَطِيعُونَ حِيلَةٗ وَلَا يَهۡتَدُونَ سَبِيلٗا ٩٨
Except for the oppressed among men, women and children who cannot devise a plan nor are they directed to a way1 -
فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ عَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَعۡفُوَ عَنۡهُمۡۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَفُوًّا غَفُورٗا ٩٩
For those it is expected that Allāh will pardon them, and Allāh is ever Pardoning1 and Forgiving.
这个警告不包括弱者、有故的男女老少,无力反抗欺压之人和无法摆脱欺压之人,这等人,但愿真主以祂的仁慈和怜爱饶恕他们,真主对忏悔之人确是至恕的。
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۞ وَمَن يُهَاجِرۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ يَجِدۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ مُرَٰغَمٗا كَثِيرٗا وَسَعَةٗۚ وَمَن يَخۡرُجۡ مِنۢ بَيۡتِهِۦ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ ثُمَّ يُدۡرِكۡهُ ٱلۡمَوۡتُ فَقَدۡ وَقَعَ أَجۡرُهُۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمٗا ١٠٠
And whoever emigrates for the cause of Allāh will find on the earth many [alternative] locations and abundance. And whoever leaves his home as an emigrant to Allāh and His Messenger and then death overtakes him - his reward has already become incumbent upon Allāh. And Allāh is ever Forgiving and Merciful.
谁为追求真主的喜悦从不信道之地迁徙到伊斯兰国度,他会在所到之地找到与所放弃之地不一样的天地和改变,并能获得荣耀和丰富的给养。谁从自家出来,欲迁徙到真主和祂的使者那里,在他未到达之时,在途中去世,真主已为他确定了报酬,他未能抵达也无碍。真主对忏悔之人是至恕的、至慈的。
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وَإِذَا ضَرَبۡتُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَلَيۡسَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ جُنَاحٌ أَن تَقۡصُرُواْ مِنَ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ إِنۡ خِفۡتُمۡ أَن يَفۡتِنَكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ كَانُواْ لَكُمۡ عَدُوّٗا مُّبِينٗا ١٠١
And when you travel throughout the land, there is no blame upon you for shortening the prayer,1 [especially] if you fear that those who disbelieve may disrupt [or attack] you.2 Indeed, the disbelievers are ever to you a clear enemy.
如果你们在大地上旅行时,可以短礼,即将四拜的礼拜减短为两拜,这对于你们是无罪的。如果你们害怕不信道者迫害你们,的确,不信道者对你们的迫害确是明显的。
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وَإِذَا كُنتَ فِيهِمۡ فَأَقَمۡتَ لَهُمُ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ فَلۡتَقُمۡ طَآئِفَةٞ مِّنۡهُم مَّعَكَ وَلۡيَأۡخُذُوٓاْ أَسۡلِحَتَهُمۡۖ فَإِذَا سَجَدُواْ فَلۡيَكُونُواْ مِن وَرَآئِكُمۡ وَلۡتَأۡتِ طَآئِفَةٌ أُخۡرَىٰ لَمۡ يُصَلُّواْ فَلۡيُصَلُّواْ مَعَكَ وَلۡيَأۡخُذُواْ حِذۡرَهُمۡ وَأَسۡلِحَتَهُمۡۗ وَدَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ لَوۡ تَغۡفُلُونَ عَنۡ أَسۡلِحَتِكُمۡ وَأَمۡتِعَتِكُمۡ فَيَمِيلُونَ عَلَيۡكُم مَّيۡلَةٗ وَٰحِدَةٗۚ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ إِن كَانَ بِكُمۡ أَذٗى مِّن مَّطَرٍ أَوۡ كُنتُم مَّرۡضَىٰٓ أَن تَضَعُوٓاْ أَسۡلِحَتَكُمۡۖ وَخُذُواْ حِذۡرَكُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ أَعَدَّ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ عَذَابٗا مُّهِينٗا ١٠٢
And when you [i.e., the commander of an army] are among them and lead them in prayer,1 let a group of them stand [in prayer] with you and let them carry their arms. And when they have prostrated, let them be [in position] behind you and have the other group come forward which has not [yet] prayed and let them pray with you, taking precaution and carrying their arms. Those who disbelieve wish that you would neglect your weapons and your baggage so they could come down upon you in one [single] attack. But there is no blame upon you, if you are troubled by rain or are ill, for putting down your arms, but take precaution. Indeed, Allāh has prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating punishment.
使者啊!如果你在军中与敌人交锋时,若带领他们礼拜,那么,就将士兵们分为两组:一组随你礼拜,他们应在礼拜时携带武器;而另一组人来防守。如果你带领第一组人集体礼了第一拜,就让他们独自完成剩余拜功。当他们结束礼拜后,就让他们站在你们身后迎敌。然后,你带领曾防守而未礼拜的另一组人礼另一拜,当伊玛目礼毕,就让这组人完成剩余拜功,让他们须警惕敌军,并携带自己的武器。不信道者希望你们在礼拜时忽视自己的武器和器械,以便乘虚而一举拿下你们。如果你们因下雨或生病或其它原因而为难时,可以放下武器,这对你们是无罪的。你们应尽可能的谨慎戒备,真主已为不信道者准备了凌辱的刑罚。
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فَإِذَا قَضَيۡتُمُ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ فَٱذۡكُرُواْ ٱللَّهَ قِيَٰمٗا وَقُعُودٗا وَعَلَىٰ جُنُوبِكُمۡۚ فَإِذَا ٱطۡمَأۡنَنتُمۡ فَأَقِيمُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَۚ إِنَّ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ كَانَتۡ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ كِتَٰبٗا مَّوۡقُوتٗا ١٠٣
And when you have completed the prayer, remember Allāh standing, sitting, or [lying] on your sides. But when you become secure, re-establish [regular] prayer. Indeed, prayer has been decreed upon the believers a decree of specified times.
信士们啊!当你们完成了拜功,无论是站着、坐着或躺着的任何情况下应诵念清净词、赞美词和清真言来记念真主。当恐惧消除,你们得以安宁之时,应按照礼拜的主命、副主命和嘉仪事项来完满地完成你们的拜功。的确,拜功对于信士确是定时的主命,除有故外,不得拖延。至于在旅行中可以并礼和短礼。
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وَلَا تَهِنُواْ فِي ٱبۡتِغَآءِ ٱلۡقَوۡمِۖ إِن تَكُونُواْ تَأۡلَمُونَ فَإِنَّهُمۡ يَأۡلَمُونَ كَمَا تَأۡلَمُونَۖ وَتَرۡجُونَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ مَا لَا يَرۡجُونَۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًا ١٠٤
And do not weaken in pursuit of the enemy. If you should be suffering - so are they suffering as you are suffering, but you expect from Allāh that which they expect not. And Allāh is ever Knowing and Wise.
信士们啊!你们在搜寻敌众时切勿示弱和懈怠。如果你们因伤亡而痛苦不堪时,那么,他们也像你们一样痛苦不堪。你们所遭受的,他们同样遭受。切勿使他们的忍耐超过你们。你们希望从真主那里得到他们所不能希望的回赐、胜利和支持。真主对祂的仆人的状况是全知的,对祂的裁决和判断确是至睿的。
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إِنَّآ أَنزَلۡنَآ إِلَيۡكَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ بِٱلۡحَقِّ لِتَحۡكُمَ بَيۡنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِمَآ أَرَىٰكَ ٱللَّهُۚ وَلَا تَكُن لِّلۡخَآئِنِينَ خَصِيمٗا ١٠٥
Indeed, We have revealed to you, [O Muḥammad], the Book in truth so you may judge between the people by that which Allāh has shown you. And do not be for the deceitful an advocate.
使者啊!我确已为你降示了包含真理的经典,以便你依据真主的教授和昭示而非自己的私欲和想法向世人阐明有关他们事务中的一切教律,你不要替奸佞之人申辩而背叛了真理。
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وَٱسۡتَغۡفِرِ ٱللَّهَۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمٗا ١٠٦
And seek forgiveness of Allāh. Indeed, Allāh is ever Forgiving and Merciful.
你当向真主祈求饶恕和原谅。的确,真主对忏悔的仆人确是至恕的,至慈的。
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وَلَا تُجَٰدِلۡ عَنِ ٱلَّذِينَ يَخۡتَانُونَ أَنفُسَهُمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ مَن كَانَ خَوَّانًا أَثِيمٗا ١٠٧
And do not argue on behalf of those who deceive themselves. Indeed, Allāh loves not one who is a habitually sinful deceiver.
你不要替任何奸佞并企图隐匿其奸佞行为之人辩护,真主确不喜欢这些奸诈之人。
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يَسۡتَخۡفُونَ مِنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَلَا يَسۡتَخۡفُونَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ وَهُوَ مَعَهُمۡ إِذۡ يُبَيِّتُونَ مَا لَا يَرۡضَىٰ مِنَ ٱلۡقَوۡلِۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ بِمَا يَعۡمَلُونَ مُحِيطًا ١٠٨
They conceal [their evil intentions and deeds] from the people, but they cannot conceal [them] from Allāh, and He is with them [in His knowledge] when they spend the night in such as He does not accept of speech. And ever is Allāh, of what they do, encompassing.
当他们犯下罪恶,因害怕和羞愧而遮人耳目,然而他们无法隐瞒真主,真主对他们的行为确是彻知的,当他们想方设法隐瞒真主所不悦的言语,如:为罪犯申辩,陷害无辜者等,真主是周知他们的一切行径的。真主彻知他们隐藏的和显露的,真主对万事是全知的,并将以此报偿他们。
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هَٰٓأَنتُمۡ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ جَٰدَلۡتُمۡ عَنۡهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا فَمَن يُجَٰدِلُ ٱللَّهَ عَنۡهُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ أَم مَّن يَكُونُ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَكِيلٗا ١٠٩
Here you are - those who argue on their behalf in [this] worldly life - but who will argue with Allāh for them on the Day of Resurrection, or who will [then] be their representative?
你们中关注这些犯罪者的人们啊!你们在今世中能为他们的罪行申辩,以此确定他们的无辜,那谁能在复活日,在真主面前为他们辩解呢?那谁能在复活日,在真主面前为他们辩解呢?有谁知道他们的真实情况呢?谁又能成为他们在复活日的监护者呢?
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وَمَن يَعۡمَلۡ سُوٓءًا أَوۡ يَظۡلِمۡ نَفۡسَهُۥ ثُمَّ يَسۡتَغۡفِرِ ٱللَّهَ يَجِدِ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمٗا ١١٠
And whoever does a wrong or wrongs himself but then seeks forgiveness of Allāh will find Allāh Forgiving and Merciful.
谁做恶,或犯罪而自欺了,之后,他承认自己的过错,后悔所做之事,虔心向真主忏悔,那他就会发现真主永远是至恕的,是至慈的。
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وَمَن يَكۡسِبۡ إِثۡمٗا فَإِنَّمَا يَكۡسِبُهُۥ عَلَىٰ نَفۡسِهِۦۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمٗا ١١١
And whoever earns [i.e., commits] a sin only earns it against himself. And Allāh is ever Knowing and Wise.
谁犯了大错或小过,谁自食其果,不连累他人。真主对仆人的行为确是全知的,祂的裁决和判断确是至睿的。
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وَمَن يَكۡسِبۡ خَطِيٓـَٔةً أَوۡ إِثۡمٗا ثُمَّ يَرۡمِ بِهِۦ بَرِيٓـٔٗا فَقَدِ ٱحۡتَمَلَ بُهۡتَٰنٗا وَإِثۡمٗا مُّبِينٗا ١١٢
But whoever earns an offense or a sin and then blames it on an innocent [person] has taken upon himself a slander and manifest sin.
谁无意或有意犯过,之后诬陷他人,他确已犯下重大的过错和明显的罪过。
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وَلَوۡلَا فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكَ وَرَحۡمَتُهُۥ لَهَمَّت طَّآئِفَةٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ أَن يُضِلُّوكَ وَمَا يُضِلُّونَ إِلَّآ أَنفُسَهُمۡۖ وَمَا يَضُرُّونَكَ مِن شَيۡءٖۚ وَأَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡكَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَعَلَّمَكَ مَا لَمۡ تَكُن تَعۡلَمُۚ وَكَانَ فَضۡلُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكَ عَظِيمٗا ١١٣
And if it was not for the favor of Allāh upon you, [O Muḥammad], and His mercy, a group of them would have determined to mislead you. But they do not mislead except themselves, and they will not harm you at all. And Allāh has revealed to you the Book and wisdom and has taught you that which you did not know. And ever has the favor of Allāh upon you been great.
使者啊!如果没有真主的恩慈保护你,那么,这伙自欺欺人之人将误导你远离真理而误判。事实上,他们只能使自己迷误,因为他们企图误导的后果只会报应在自己身上。真主为你降示了《古兰经》和智慧,教授你之前所不知的明证和光明,真主恩赐你圣品和受保护的恩典。
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۞ لَّا خَيۡرَ فِي كَثِيرٖ مِّن نَّجۡوَىٰهُمۡ إِلَّا مَنۡ أَمَرَ بِصَدَقَةٍ أَوۡ مَعۡرُوفٍ أَوۡ إِصۡلَٰحِۭ بَيۡنَ ٱلنَّاسِۚ وَمَن يَفۡعَلۡ ذَٰلِكَ ٱبۡتِغَآءَ مَرۡضَاتِ ٱللَّهِ فَسَوۡفَ نُؤۡتِيهِ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمٗا ١١٤
No good is there in much of their private conversation, except for those who enjoin charity or that which is right or conciliation between people. And whoever does that seeking means to the approval of Allāh - then We are going to give him a great reward.
人们的许多密谈之事都是毫无益处也无裨益的。除非他们命人施舍,或谈论教法中要求的、理智上认可之事,或调解有纷争之人间的矛盾等。谁做这些是为寻求真主的喜悦,那我将赏赐他重大的报酬。
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وَمَن يُشَاقِقِ ٱلرَّسُولَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ ٱلۡهُدَىٰ وَيَتَّبِعۡ غَيۡرَ سَبِيلِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ نُوَلِّهِۦ مَا تَوَلَّىٰ وَنُصۡلِهِۦ جَهَنَّمَۖ وَسَآءَتۡ مَصِيرًا ١١٥
And whoever opposes the Messenger after guidance has become clear to him and follows other than the way of the believers - We will give him what he has taken1 and drive him into Hell, and evil it is as a destination.
谁在明白真理之后背叛使者,违反他的宗教,并遵循非信士的道路,那么,我将放弃他,任其随波逐流,我会因他故意拒绝而不给予他真理。我将使他进入火狱,那归宿真恶劣。
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إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَغۡفِرُ أَن يُشۡرَكَ بِهِۦ وَيَغۡفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَن يَشَآءُۚ وَمَن يُشۡرِكۡ بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ ضَلَّ ضَلَٰلَۢا بَعِيدًا ١١٦
Indeed, Allāh does not forgive association with Him, but He forgives what is less than that for whom He wills. And he who associates others with Allāh has certainly gone far astray.
真主确不饶恕以物配主者,祂会使他进入火狱。真主以祂的仁慈和恩惠饶恕祂所意欲之人的除以物配主外的其它罪行。谁以物配主,他已彻底远离了真理,因为他将创造者和被造者视为等同。
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إِن يَدۡعُونَ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ إِنَٰثٗا وَإِن يَدۡعُونَ إِلَّا شَيۡطَٰنٗا مَّرِيدٗا ١١٧
They call upon instead of Him none but female [deities], and they [actually] call upon none but a rebellious Satan,
这些以物配主者,除真主外,他们还崇拜一些以女性命名的偶像,如:俩太和欧载。这些偶像对他们毫无裨益。事实上,他们崇拜的就是背叛真主的恶魔,因为恶魔命令他们崇拜偶像。
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لَّعَنَهُ ٱللَّهُۘ وَقَالَ لَأَتَّخِذَنَّ مِنۡ عِبَادِكَ نَصِيبٗا مَّفۡرُوضٗا ١١٨
Whom Allāh has cursed. For he had said, "I will surely take from among Your servants a specific portion.
因此真主弃绝了他。恶魔向他的养主发誓说:“我必将从你的仆人中分离出一定的数量,我必误导他们远离真理。”
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وَلَأُضِلَّنَّهُمۡ وَلَأُمَنِّيَنَّهُمۡ وَلَأٓمُرَنَّهُمۡ فَلَيُبَتِّكُنَّ ءَاذَانَ ٱلۡأَنۡعَٰمِ وَلَأٓمُرَنَّهُمۡ فَلَيُغَيِّرُنَّ خَلۡقَ ٱللَّهِۚ وَمَن يَتَّخِذِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنَ وَلِيّٗا مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ خَسِرَ خُسۡرَانٗا مُّبِينٗا ١١٩
And I will mislead them, and I will arouse in them [sinful] desires, and I will command them so they will slit the ears of cattle, and I will command them so they will change the creation of Allāh." And whoever takes Satan as an ally instead of Allāh has certainly sustained a clear loss.
我必使他们远离你的正道,必粉饰迷误而使他们妄想,必命令他们割掉牲畜的耳朵,将真主视为合法的定为非法的,以及我必命令他们改变真主的创造和其天性。谁将恶魔当做主宰而顺从,那他确已遭受明显的亏折。
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يَعِدُهُمۡ وَيُمَنِّيهِمۡۖ وَمَا يَعِدُهُمُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ إِلَّا غُرُورًا ١٢٠
He [i.e., Satan] promises them and arouses desire in them. But Satan does not promise them except delusion.
恶魔应许他们虚假的谎言,并使他们妄想。事实上恶魔应许的都是不真实的谎言。
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أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ وَلَا يَجِدُونَ عَنۡهَا مَحِيصٗا ١٢١
The refuge of those will be Hell, and they will not find from it an escape.
这些追随恶魔脚步之人,他们的归宿就是火狱,他们无处逃避、
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وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ سَنُدۡخِلُهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَدٗاۖ وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقّٗاۚ وَمَنۡ أَصۡدَقُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ قِيلٗا ١٢٢
But the ones who believe and do righteous deeds - We will admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide forever. [It is] the promise of Allāh, [which is] truth, and who is more truthful than Allāh in statement.
信仰真主,且行善的近主之人,我将使他们进入下临诸河的乐园,并永居其中。这是来自真主的允诺,是真实的。真主绝不食言,真主比任何人都言而有信。
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لَّيۡسَ بِأَمَانِيِّكُمۡ وَلَآ أَمَانِيِّ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِۗ مَن يَعۡمَلۡ سُوٓءٗا يُجۡزَ بِهِۦ وَلَا يَجِدۡ لَهُۥ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَلِيّٗا وَلَا نَصِيرٗا ١٢٣
It [i.e., Paradise] is not [obtained] by your wishful thinking nor by that of the People of the Scripture. Whoever does a wrong will be recompensed for it, and he will not find besides Allāh a protector or a helper.
穆斯林们啊!获得拯救和成功并不是借你们的希望或借信奉天经之人的希望便可得到,它必须通过善行而获得。谁作恶,谁在复活日将受到恶报。除真主外,再找不到任何的保护者为他带来福利,也找不到任何的援助者来帮他避免灾祸。
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وَمَن يَعۡمَلۡ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ مِن ذَكَرٍ أَوۡ أُنثَىٰ وَهُوَ مُؤۡمِنٞ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ يَدۡخُلُونَ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ وَلَا يُظۡلَمُونَ نَقِيرٗا ١٢٤
And whoever does righteous deeds, whether male or female, while being a believer - those will enter Paradise and will not be wronged, [even as much as] the speck on a date seed.
虔诚信仰真主的男女信士,谁立行了善功,即将信仰和功修贯彻到行为之中者,他们将进入乐园,真主不亏枉他们一丝毫的善功,即使该善功如枣核上的一个小孔大小。
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وَمَنۡ أَحۡسَنُ دِينٗا مِّمَّنۡ أَسۡلَمَ وَجۡهَهُۥ لِلَّهِ وَهُوَ مُحۡسِنٞ وَٱتَّبَعَ مِلَّةَ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ حَنِيفٗاۗ وَٱتَّخَذَ ٱللَّهُ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ خَلِيلٗا ١٢٥
And who is better in religion than one who submits himself to Allāh while being a doer of good and follows the religion of Abraham, inclining toward truth? And Allāh took Abraham as an intimate friend.
最佳信仰者就是从内到外全体归顺于真主、虔诚意念、按照教律完善自己的功修、遵守崇正的易卜拉欣的宗教,它是穆罕默德(愿主福安之)的宗教的根源、远离以物配主和不信道、坚持信仰独一之人。真主以其完全的喜悦从众生中拣选易卜拉欣为他的使者。
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وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٖ مُّحِيطٗا ١٢٦
And to Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And ever is Allāh, of all things, encompassing.
真主是唯一拥有天地王权的主宰,真主对于其被造物的一切是全知、全能和掌握的。
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وَيَسۡتَفۡتُونَكَ فِي ٱلنِّسَآءِۖ قُلِ ٱللَّهُ يُفۡتِيكُمۡ فِيهِنَّ وَمَا يُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ فِي يَتَٰمَى ٱلنِّسَآءِ ٱلَّٰتِي لَا تُؤۡتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرۡغَبُونَ أَن تَنكِحُوهُنَّ وَٱلۡمُسۡتَضۡعَفِينَ مِنَ ٱلۡوِلۡدَٰنِ وَأَن تَقُومُواْ لِلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۚ وَمَا تَفۡعَلُواْ مِنۡ خَيۡرٖ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِهِۦ عَلِيمٗا ١٢٧
And they request from you, [O Muḥammad], a [legal] ruling concerning women. Say, "Allāh gives you a ruling about them and [about] what has been recited to you in the Book concerning the orphan girls to whom you do not give what is decreed for them1 - and [yet] you desire to marry them - and concerning the oppressed among children and that you maintain for orphans [their rights] in justice." And whatever you do of good - indeed, Allāh is ever Knowing of it.
使者啊!他们向你询问有关妇女的律例,即她的责任和义务各是什么。你说:真主已为你们阐明了所问的相关事务。为你们在所诵读的《古兰经》中阐明了在你们监管下成长的孤女问题,你们不愿给予她们真主所规定的聘仪或遗产,也不愿迎娶她们为妻,更为了贪图她们的财产而阻止她们嫁人;为你们阐明了弱势群体中的儿童应得到的遗产,你们不要褫夺他们的财产;为你们阐明应公平的对待孤儿,做有利于他们今后两世的事情。你们对待孤儿和他人所行的任何善事,真主都是全知的,并以此报酬你们。
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وَإِنِ ٱمۡرَأَةٌ خَافَتۡ مِنۢ بَعۡلِهَا نُشُوزًا أَوۡ إِعۡرَاضٗا فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيۡهِمَآ أَن يُصۡلِحَا بَيۡنَهُمَا صُلۡحٗاۚ وَٱلصُّلۡحُ خَيۡرٞۗ وَأُحۡضِرَتِ ٱلۡأَنفُسُ ٱلشُّحَّۚ وَإِن تُحۡسِنُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٗا ١٢٨
And if a woman fears from her husband contempt or evasion, there is no sin upon them if they make terms of settlement between them - and settlement is best. And present in [human] souls is stinginess.1 But if you do good and fear Allāh - then indeed Allāh is ever, of what you do, Aware.
若妇女担心丈夫鄙视嫌弃她,那她可放弃一些诸如抚养费和留宿权来求和解,和解对于他俩是无罪的,是胜于离婚的。人性好贪且吝啬,绝不愿无故放弃权利,因此夫妻二人应趋重宽容和为善来培养自己的心性。如果你们在万事上行善,并以遵循真主命令,放弃真主禁令来敬畏真主,那么,真主对你们的所行是全知的,是洞察的,祂必将报偿你们。
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وَلَن تَسۡتَطِيعُوٓاْ أَن تَعۡدِلُواْ بَيۡنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ وَلَوۡ حَرَصۡتُمۡۖ فَلَا تَمِيلُواْ كُلَّ ٱلۡمَيۡلِ فَتَذَرُوهَا كَٱلۡمُعَلَّقَةِۚ وَإِن تُصۡلِحُواْ وَتَتَّقُواْ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمٗا ١٢٩
And you will never be able to be equal [in feeling] between wives, even if you should strive [to do so]. So do not incline completely [toward one] and leave another hanging.1 And if you amend [your affairs] and fear Allāh - then indeed, Allāh is ever Forgiving and Merciful.
丈夫们啊!你们的内心绝不能完全公平地对待众妻,即使你们努力而为之。因为有些事情是你们的能力无法做到的。你们不要彻底鄙弃你们所不喜欢的,放弃她犹如被搁置一般,既未被休掉,也不履行丈夫之责。如果你们和解,努力去履行夫妻之责,并敬畏真主,真主确是至恕的,至慈的。
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وَإِن يَتَفَرَّقَا يُغۡنِ ٱللَّهُ كُلّٗا مِّن سَعَتِهِۦۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ وَٰسِعًا حَكِيمٗا ١٣٠
But if they separate [by divorce], Allāh will enrich each [of them] from His abundance. And ever is Allāh Encompassing and Wise.
如果夫妻二人离婚,真主以祂的宏恩使双方无求于对方。男子可以迎娶比前妻更好的妻子,妇女可以嫁比前夫更好的丈夫。真主是宏恩的、仁慈的主,他的裁决和判断确是至睿的。
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وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۗ وَلَقَدۡ وَصَّيۡنَا ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُواْ ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ وَإِيَّاكُمۡ أَنِ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ وَإِن تَكۡفُرُواْ فَإِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَنِيًّا حَمِيدٗا ١٣١
And to Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And We have instructed those who were given the Scripture before you and yourselves to fear Allāh. But if you disbelieve - then to Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And ever is Allāh Free of need and Praiseworthy.
真主是拥有天地以及天地之间王权的唯一主宰,我曾嘱咐信奉天经的犹太教徒和基督教徒,已嘱咐你们遵循真主的命令,放弃真主禁令。如果你们背叛这个嘱咐,只会伤害自身。真主无求于你们的顺服,祂拥有天地间的王权,祂无求于众生,祂的一切属性和行为确是受赞颂的。
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وَلِلَّهِ مَا فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِۚ وَكَفَىٰ بِٱللَّهِ وَكِيلًا ١٣٢
And to Allāh belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And sufficient is Allāh as Disposer of affairs.1
真主是唯一拥有天地王权的主宰,祂是值得顺服的。真主足以成为监护被造物一切事务的监护者。
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إِن يَشَأۡ يُذۡهِبۡكُمۡ أَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ وَيَأۡتِ بِـَٔاخَرِينَۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ ذَٰلِكَ قَدِيرٗا ١٣٣
If He wills, He can do away with you, O people, and bring others [in your place]. And ever is Allāh competent to do that.
人们啊!如果真主意欲,祂会毁灭你们,而以别的民众来替代你们顺服真主,不违背祂。真主对此是全能的。
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مَّن كَانَ يُرِيدُ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنۡيَا فَعِندَ ٱللَّهِ ثَوَابُ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَٱلۡأٓخِرَةِۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ سَمِيعَۢا بَصِيرٗا ١٣٤
Whoever desires the reward of this world - then with Allāh is the reward of this world and the Hereafter. And ever is Allāh Hearing and Seeing.
人们啊!你们中谁仅希望获得今世的回赐,那么,就让他知道,真主那里有今后两世的回赐;谁希望得到两世的回赐,真主是全听你们的言辞,全知你们的行为,并以此报偿你们的。
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۞ يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ كُونُواْ قَوَّٰمِينَ بِٱلۡقِسۡطِ شُهَدَآءَ لِلَّهِ وَلَوۡ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِكُمۡ أَوِ ٱلۡوَٰلِدَيۡنِ وَٱلۡأَقۡرَبِينَۚ إِن يَكُنۡ غَنِيًّا أَوۡ فَقِيرٗا فَٱللَّهُ أَوۡلَىٰ بِهِمَاۖ فَلَا تَتَّبِعُواْ ٱلۡهَوَىٰٓ أَن تَعۡدِلُواْۚ وَإِن تَلۡوُۥٓاْ أَوۡ تُعۡرِضُواْ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ خَبِيرٗا ١٣٥
O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allāh, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, Allāh is more worthy of both.1 So follow not [personal] inclination, lest you not be just. And if you distort [your testimony] or refuse [to give it], then indeed Allāh is ever, of what you do, Aware.
信仰真主,追随使者的信士们啊!你们应在万事上主持公道,当为每个人作见证。即使该见证有损于你们自身、双亲、和亲戚。你们不应以被证者贫穷或富足而作伪证或放弃见证,真主最关切你们中的穷人和富人,最知道他们的利益所在。你们不要为追逐私欲而徇私枉法,如果你们歪曲事实,徇私枉法,或拒绝出证,那真主对于你们的行为是全知的。
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ ءَامِنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ٱلَّذِي نَزَّلَ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦ وَٱلۡكِتَٰبِ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَنزَلَ مِن قَبۡلُۚ وَمَن يَكۡفُرۡ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَٰٓئِكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ فَقَدۡ ضَلَّ ضَلَٰلَۢا بَعِيدًا ١٣٦
O you who have believed, believe1 in Allāh and His Messenger and the Book that He sent down upon His Messenger and the Scripture which He sent down before. And whoever disbelieves in Allāh, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day has certainly gone far astray.
信道的人们啊!你们当坚信真主和祂的使者、坚信降示给使者的《古兰经》,以及降示给他之前的众使者的经典。谁不信仰真主、信仰祂的天使、祂的经典、祂的使者和复活日,谁确已远离了真主的正道。
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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ثُمَّ كَفَرُواْ ثُمَّ ءَامَنُواْ ثُمَّ كَفَرُواْ ثُمَّ ٱزۡدَادُواْ كُفۡرٗا لَّمۡ يَكُنِ ٱللَّهُ لِيَغۡفِرَ لَهُمۡ وَلَا لِيَهۡدِيَهُمۡ سَبِيلَۢا ١٣٧
Indeed, those who have believed then disbelieved, then believed then disbelieved, and then increased in disbelief - never will Allāh forgive them, nor will He guide them to a way.
他们中那些在信仰后反复不信道之人,即信道后叛教,后又信教,又叛教,之后一直不信道,直至死亡之人,真主不原谅他们的罪过,也不佑助他们走上真主的康庄大道。
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بَشِّرِ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ بِأَنَّ لَهُمۡ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا ١٣٨
Give tidings to the hypocrites that there is for them a painful punishment -
使者啊!你向阳奉阴违的伪信士报喜吧!他们在复活日将得到痛苦的惩罚。
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ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَّخِذُونَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ أَوۡلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَۚ أَيَبۡتَغُونَ عِندَهُمُ ٱلۡعِزَّةَ فَإِنَّ ٱلۡعِزَّةَ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعٗا ١٣٩
Those who take disbelievers as allies instead of the believers. Do they seek with them honor [through power]? But indeed, honor belongs to Allāh entirely.1
这种惩罚是因为他们舍信士而选择了不信道者为援助者和盟友,很奇怪的是他们选择了他们为盟友,是为寻求他们的权势来解救自己吗?一切的权势和尊荣只属于真主。
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وَقَدۡ نَزَّلَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ أَنۡ إِذَا سَمِعۡتُمۡ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ يُكۡفَرُ بِهَا وَيُسۡتَهۡزَأُ بِهَا فَلَا تَقۡعُدُواْ مَعَهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ يَخُوضُواْ فِي حَدِيثٍ غَيۡرِهِۦٓ إِنَّكُمۡ إِذٗا مِّثۡلُهُمۡۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ جَامِعُ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ وَٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ فِي جَهَنَّمَ جَمِيعًا ١٤٠
And it has already come down to you in the Book [i.e., the Qur’ān] that when you hear the verses of Allāh [recited], they are denied [by them] and ridiculed; so do not sit with them until they enter into another conversation. Indeed, you would then be like them.1 Indeed, Allāh will gather the hypocrites and disbelievers in Hell all together -
信士们啊!真主为你们在《古兰经》中记述到:如果你们围坐在一起,听到谁否认真主的迹象,并加以嘲讽,你们应放弃围坐,离开此地,直到他们放弃否认真主的迹象和嘲讽,而谈论别的话题。如果你们听到他们否认真主的迹象和嘲讽等类似有违真主命令的话题仍与他们围坐,那么,你们就像他们一样背叛了真主,真主将集结表面信仰而内心不信的伪信士和不信道者在复活日一并进入火狱。
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ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَرَبَّصُونَ بِكُمۡ فَإِن كَانَ لَكُمۡ فَتۡحٞ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ قَالُوٓاْ أَلَمۡ نَكُن مَّعَكُمۡ وَإِن كَانَ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ نَصِيبٞ قَالُوٓاْ أَلَمۡ نَسۡتَحۡوِذۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَنَمۡنَعۡكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَۚ فَٱللَّهُ يَحۡكُمُ بَيۡنَكُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِۚ وَلَن يَجۡعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ عَلَى ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ سَبِيلًا ١٤١
Those who wait [and watch] you. Then if you gain a victory from Allāh, they say, "Were we not with you?" But if the disbelievers have a success, they say [to them], "Did we not gain the advantage over you, but we protected you from the believers?" Allāh will judge between [all of] you on the Day of Resurrection, and never will Allāh give the disbelievers over the believers a way [to overcome them].1
那些是期待你们获得福利或灾祸之人。如果你们获得了从真主发出的胜利,得到了战利品,他们会对你们说:“我们难道没有和你们一同作战吗?我们见证了你们所见证的。”他们的目的就是为了获得战利品。如果不信道者取胜,他们又会对他们说:“难道我们没有战胜你们,没有以对你们的保护和轻贱他们使你们得免于信士的征服吗?”故真主在复活日将审判你们,祂将报酬信士进入乐园,将伪信士进入最底层的火狱之中。真主决不让不信道者凌驾于信士之上,祂将给予信士好的归宿。
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إِنَّ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ يُخَٰدِعُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَهُوَ خَٰدِعُهُمۡ وَإِذَا قَامُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱلصَّلَوٰةِ قَامُواْ كُسَالَىٰ يُرَآءُونَ ٱلنَّاسَ وَلَا يَذۡكُرُونَ ٱللَّهَ إِلَّا قَلِيلٗا ١٤٢
Indeed, the hypocrites [think to] deceive Allāh, but He is deceiving them. And when they stand for prayer, they stand lazily, showing [themselves to] the people and not remembering Allāh except a little,
伪信士以表面信仰,内心不信而欺骗真主,真主将以其人之道,还治其人之身。因为真主明知他们的不信还保护他的生命,并在后世为他们准备了严厉的惩罚。如果他们起身礼拜,因厌恶而懒散地站起,他们也只在看到信士时,稍稍地记念真主
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مُّذَبۡذَبِينَ بَيۡنَ ذَٰلِكَ لَآ إِلَىٰ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ وَلَآ إِلَىٰ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِۚ وَمَن يُضۡلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُۥ سَبِيلٗا ١٤٣
Wavering between them, [belonging] neither to these [i.e., the believers] nor to those [i.e., the disbelievers]. And whoever Allāh sends astray - never will you find for him a way.
这些伪信士徘徊不定,他们不同于表里如一的信士,也不同于完全的不信道者,他们表面与信士们一道,内心却与不信道者同路。使者啊!真主使谁迷误,你绝不能替他找到一条归正的道路。
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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا تَتَّخِذُواْ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ أَوۡلِيَآءَ مِن دُونِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَۚ أَتُرِيدُونَ أَن تَجۡعَلُواْ لِلَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡ سُلۡطَٰنٗا مُّبِينًا ١٤٤
O you who have believed, do not take the disbelievers as allies instead of the believers. Do you wish to give Allāh against yourselves a clear case?
信仰真主,追随使者的信士们啊!你们不要舍信士而将不信道者做为可以委托的朋友,难道你们想藉此而使真主为你们确立惩罚你们的一个明证吗?
4:145Page 101
إِنَّ ٱلۡمُنَٰفِقِينَ فِي ٱلدَّرۡكِ ٱلۡأَسۡفَلِ مِنَ ٱلنَّارِ وَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُمۡ نَصِيرًا ١٤٥
Indeed, the hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire - and never will you find for them a helper -
真主在复活日必将伪信士投入火狱的最底层,你绝不能替他们找到抵挡惩罚的援助者。
4:146Page 101
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ تَابُواْ وَأَصۡلَحُواْ وَٱعۡتَصَمُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَأَخۡلَصُواْ دِينَهُمۡ لِلَّهِ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ مَعَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَۖ وَسَوۡفَ يُؤۡتِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ أَجۡرًا عَظِيمٗا ١٤٦
Except for those who repent, correct themselves, hold fast to Allāh, and are sincere in their religion for Allāh, for those will be with the believers. And Allāh is going to give the believers a great reward.
除非他们悔过自新,痛改前非,信托真主,并虔诚的立行善功,这等人在今后两世与信士们在一起,真主将给予信士们重大的回赐。
4:147Page 101
مَّا يَفۡعَلُ ٱللَّهُ بِعَذَابِكُمۡ إِن شَكَرۡتُمۡ وَءَامَنتُمۡۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ شَاكِرًا عَلِيمٗا ١٤٧
What would Allāh do with [i.e., gain from] your punishment if you are grateful and believe? And ever is Allāh Appreciative1 and Knowing.
如果你们感恩并且信道,真主无理由惩罚你们,真主是至仁、至慈的主。祂因你们的过错而惩罚你们,如果你们悔过自新,感谢祂的给养并表里如一的信仰,祂绝不会惩罚你们。真主对知恩之人是感谢的,祂将给予他们重大的回赐,祂全知众生的信仰,并以他们的行为而报偿他们。
4:148Page 102
۞ لَّا يُحِبُّ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡجَهۡرَ بِٱلسُّوٓءِ مِنَ ٱلۡقَوۡلِ إِلَّا مَن ظُلِمَۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ سَمِيعًا عَلِيمًا ١٤٨
Allāh does not like the public mention of evil except by one who has been wronged. And ever is Allāh Hearing and Knowing.
真主不仅不喜宣扬恶言,而且憎恨此举并为此制定了相应的惩罚,除非是受亏枉者,允许他宣扬申诉行亏者,并祈求真主惩罚他,让他遭遇所诅咒之事。但是,受亏枉者的坚忍远胜于宣扬恶言。真主是全聪你们的言辞,全知你们的意念,故你们当警惕恶言和歹毒的意念。
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إِن تُبۡدُواْ خَيۡرًا أَوۡ تُخۡفُوهُ أَوۡ تَعۡفُواْ عَن سُوٓءٖ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَفُوّٗا قَدِيرًا ١٤٩
If [instead] you show [some] good or conceal it or pardon an offense - indeed, Allāh is ever Pardoning and Competent.1
如果你们表露出好的言行,或宽恕伤害过你们之人,真主确是至恕的,全能的。但愿你们具有宽恕他人的美德,但愿真主饶恕你们。
4:150Page 102
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَكۡفُرُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِۦ وَيُرِيدُونَ أَن يُفَرِّقُواْ بَيۡنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِۦ وَيَقُولُونَ نُؤۡمِنُ بِبَعۡضٖ وَنَكۡفُرُ بِبَعۡضٖ وَيُرِيدُونَ أَن يَتَّخِذُواْ بَيۡنَ ذَٰلِكَ سَبِيلًا ١٥٠
Indeed, those who disbelieve in Allāh and His messengers and wish to discriminate between Allāh and His messengers and say, "We believe in some and disbelieve in others," and wish to adopt a way in between -
否认真主和其使者之人,他们想分离真主和祂的使者,即信仰真主,否认使者。他们说:“我们信仰部分使者,否认另一部分。”他们想在不信道与信仰之间采取一条途径,妄想以此获得拯救。
4:151Page 102
أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ حَقّٗاۚ وَأَعۡتَدۡنَا لِلۡكَٰفِرِينَ عَذَابٗا مُّهِينٗا ١٥١
Those are the disbelievers, truly. And We have prepared for the disbelievers a humiliating punishment.
有此想法者,他们是真正的不信道者。即谁否认众使者或部分使者,他确已不信真主和祂的使者。我在复活日为不信道者准备了凌辱的惩罚,来惩治他们因骄傲而拒绝信仰真主和祂的使者。
4:152Page 102
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِۦ وَلَمۡ يُفَرِّقُواْ بَيۡنَ أَحَدٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ سَوۡفَ يُؤۡتِيهِمۡ أُجُورَهُمۡۚ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمٗا ١٥٢
But they who believe in Allāh and His messengers and do not discriminate between any of them - to those He is going to give their rewards. And ever is Allāh Forgiving and Merciful.
信仰真主之人,他们信主独一,不以物配主,信仰众使者,不像不信道者那样对众使者加以区分,而是信仰全部使者。这等人,真主将因他们的信仰和所行的善功给予他们厚报,真主对忏悔者确是至恕的,至慈的。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences