Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
ق
Qaf
The Letter "Qaf" · Meccan · 45 ayahs
{戛弗}这在论述之前《黄牛》章起始的同类字母已经进行了解释。真主以尊贵的《古兰经》中的涵义、吉庆和祥瑞发誓，复活日，必将复活你们，以接受清算和报偿。
50:2Page 518
بَلۡ عَجِبُوٓاْ أَن جَآءَهُم مُّنذِرٞ مِّنۡهُمۡ فَقَالَ ٱلۡكَٰفِرُونَ هَٰذَا شَيۡءٌ عَجِيبٌ ٢
But they wonder that there has come to them a warner from among themselves, and the disbelievers say, "This is an amazing thing.
他们拒绝的原因并不是料定你在撒谎，他们知道你是诚实的，而是因为他们奇怪，警告的使者竟是人类，而非精灵！他们诧异地说：“来临我们的使者是人类！这是件怪异的事情。
50:3Page 518
أَءِذَا مِتۡنَا وَكُنَّا تُرَابٗاۖ ذَٰلِكَ رَجۡعُۢ بَعِيدٞ ٣
When we have died and have become dust, [we will return to life]? That is a distant [i.e., unlikely] return."
我们死后变成尘土会再复活？生命再次回到我们腐朽的身体？这真是不可思议的，绝不可能发生的事情！”
50:4Page 518
قَدۡ عَلِمۡنَا مَا تَنقُصُ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ مِنۡهُمۡۖ وَعِندَنَا كِتَٰبٌ حَفِيظُۢ ٤
We know what the earth diminishes [i.e., consumes] of them, and with Us is a retaining record.
我知道他们死后身体腐烂，大地对他们的身体蚕食，任何事务都不能对我隐藏，我这里有记录他们生前和死后事务的天经。
50:5Page 518
بَلۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِٱلۡحَقِّ لَمَّا جَآءَهُمۡ فَهُمۡ فِيٓ أَمۡرٖ مَّرِيجٍ ٥
But they denied the truth when it came to them, so they are in a confused condition.
这些以物配主者否认使者带来的《古兰经》，他们处于混乱之中，因此他们无法确定任何事情。
50:6Page 518
أَفَلَمۡ يَنظُرُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱلسَّمَآءِ فَوۡقَهُمۡ كَيۡفَ بَنَيۡنَٰهَا وَزَيَّنَّٰهَا وَمَا لَهَا مِن فُرُوجٖ ٦
Have they not looked at the heaven above them - how We structured it and adorned it and [how] it has no rifts?
“我创造诸天并以星辰加以点缀，且没有任何裂缝。难道这些否认复活者没有观测到吗？有能力创造天空者，也同样有能力复活死人。”
50:7Page 518
وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ مَدَدۡنَٰهَا وَأَلۡقَيۡنَا فِيهَا رَوَٰسِيَ وَأَنۢبَتۡنَا فِيهَا مِن كُلِّ زَوۡجِۭ بَهِيجٖ ٧
And the earth - We spread it out and cast therein firmly set mountains and made grow therein [something] of every beautiful kind,
我铺陈大地以适合你们居住，并在其中放置了预防其摇晃的山脉，生长着各种悦目的生物和植物。
50:8Page 518
تَبۡصِرَةٗ وَذِكۡرَىٰ لِكُلِّ عَبۡدٖ مُّنِيبٖ ٨
Giving insight and a reminder for every servant who turns [to Allāh].
我创造所有这些，只是为顺从主的仆人给予启发和教诲。
50:9Page 518
وَنَزَّلۡنَا مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءٗ مُّبَٰرَكٗا فَأَنۢبَتۡنَا بِهِۦ جَنَّٰتٖ وَحَبَّ ٱلۡحَصِيدِ ٩
And We have sent down blessed rain from the sky and made grow thereby gardens and grain from the harvest
我从天上降下大有裨益，受益良多的雨水，借此雨水生出果树和五谷，
50:10Page 518
وَٱلنَّخۡلَ بَاسِقَٰتٖ لَّهَا طَلۡعٞ نَّضِيدٞ ١٠
And lofty palm trees having fruit arranged in layers -
以及高耸挺拔、枝叶层叠的椰枣树。
50:11Page 518
رِّزۡقٗا لِّلۡعِبَادِۖ وَأَحۡيَيۡنَا بِهِۦ بَلۡدَةٗ مَّيۡتٗاۚ كَذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡخُرُوجُ ١١
As provision for the servants, and We have given life thereby to a dead land. Thus is the emergence [i.e., resurrection].
这些都是给予众仆食用的给养。我借雨水使不毛之地复活，如同我使复活死人一样。
50:12Page 518
كَذَّبَتۡ قَبۡلَهُمۡ قَوۡمُ نُوحٖ وَأَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلرَّسِّ وَثَمُودُ ١٢
The people of Noah denied before them,1 and the companions of the well2 and Thamūd
使者啊！你的先前的人们也曾否认他们的先知，奴哈的宗族、水井的宗族（指今中亚阿塞拜疆地区的一个村落，当时他们的使者来临他们进行劝化，而他们将那使者投入一口井溺死，故他们被称为‘水井的宗族’）、赛莫德人，
50:13Page 518
وَعَادٞ وَفِرۡعَوۡنُ وَإِخۡوَٰنُ لُوطٖ ١٣
And ʿAad and Pharaoh and the brothers [i.e., people] of Lot
阿德人、法老及鲁特的宗族、
50:14Page 518
وَأَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡأَيۡكَةِ وَقَوۡمُ تُبَّعٖۚ كُلّٞ كَذَّبَ ٱلرُّسُلَ فَحَقَّ وَعِيدِ ١٤
And the companions of the thicket and the people of Tubbaʿ. All denied the messengers, so My threat was justly fulfilled.
舒阿卜的族人，即丛林的居民和也门图白的族人都曾否认了使者，故真主应诺的惩罚降临了他们。
50:15Page 518
أَفَعَيِينَا بِٱلۡخَلۡقِ ٱلۡأَوَّلِۚ بَلۡ هُمۡ فِي لَبۡسٖ مِّنۡ خَلۡقٖ جَدِيدٖ ١٥
Did We fail in the first creation? But they are in confusion over a new creation.
难道我有能力初次创造他们，却不能再次复活他们吗？他们对初造后的复活，确是处在怀疑之中。
50:16Page 519
وَلَقَدۡ خَلَقۡنَا ٱلۡإِنسَٰنَ وَنَعۡلَمُ مَا تُوَسۡوِسُ بِهِۦ نَفۡسُهُۥۖ وَنَحۡنُ أَقۡرَبُ إِلَيۡهِ مِنۡ حَبۡلِ ٱلۡوَرِيدِ ١٦
And We have already created man and know what his soul whispers to him, and We are closer1 to him than [his] jugular vein.
我确已创造了人类，知道他们内心的想法和思维，我离他们比他们颈部连接心脏的命脉还近。
50:17Page 519
إِذۡ يَتَلَقَّى ٱلۡمُتَلَقِّيَانِ عَنِ ٱلۡيَمِينِ وَعَنِ ٱلشِّمَالِ قَعِيدٞ ١٧
When the two receivers [i.e., recording angels] receive,1 seated on the right and on the left.
位于左右边的两侧天使记录他的言行，
50:18Page 519
مَّا يَلۡفِظُ مِن قَوۡلٍ إِلَّا لَدَيۡهِ رَقِيبٌ عَتِيدٞ ١٨
He [i.e., man] utters no word except that with him is an observer prepared [to record].
他每说一句话都有天使进行现场记录。
50:19Page 519
وَجَآءَتۡ سَكۡرَةُ ٱلۡمَوۡتِ بِٱلۡحَقِّۖ ذَٰلِكَ مَا كُنتَ مِنۡهُ تَحِيدُ ١٩
And the intoxication of death will bring the truth; that is what you were trying to avoid.
濒死的痛苦将昭示真理，那时他无处可逃，对此忽视的人们啊！你不得后退，也无处可逃。
50:20Page 519
وَنُفِخَ فِي ٱلصُّورِۚ ذَٰلِكَ يَوۡمُ ٱلۡوَعِيدِ ٢٠
And the Horn will be blown. That is the Day of [carrying out] the threat.
当掌管号角的天使吹响第二声号角，即昭示复活日来临，那是曾给予不信道者警告的受罚之日。
50:21Page 519
وَجَآءَتۡ كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ مَّعَهَا سَآئِقٞ وَشَهِيدٞ ٢١
And every soul will come, with it a driver and a witness.1
每个人都由一位天使驱逐着，还有一位见证他们行为的天使同行。
50:22Page 519
لَّقَدۡ كُنتَ فِي غَفۡلَةٖ مِّنۡ هَٰذَا فَكَشَفۡنَا عَنكَ غِطَآءَكَ فَبَصَرُكَ ٱلۡيَوۡمَ حَدِيدٞ ٢٢
[It will be said], "You were certainly in unmindfulness of this, and We have removed from you your cover,1 so your sight, this Day, is sharp."
有个声音对被驱逐者说：“在今世，你受你的欲望和享受所蒙蔽忽略了今天，我将以惩处和刑罚揭示你的忽略，今天你的眼光是锐利的，可以看到自己曾经所忽略的。”
50:23Page 519
وَقَالَ قَرِينُهُۥ هَٰذَا مَا لَدَيَّ عَتِيدٌ ٢٣
And his companion, [the angel], will say, "This [record] is what is with me, prepared."
受命陪伴他的天使说：“这是我所记录他的行为，丝毫不少，点滴不多。”
50:24Page 519
أَلۡقِيَا فِي جَهَنَّمَ كُلَّ كَفَّارٍ عَنِيدٖ ٢٤
[Allāh will say], "Throw into Hell every obstinate disbeliever,
真主对驱逐和见证的两位天使说：“你们俩把他扔进火狱，那里全是孤恩者和反对真理者，
常不履行真主责成其义务者，僭越真主法度者，怀疑被告知的许诺和警告者，
50:26Page 519
ٱلَّذِي جَعَلَ مَعَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا ءَاخَرَ فَأَلۡقِيَاهُ فِي ٱلۡعَذَابِ ٱلشَّدِيدِ ٢٦
Who made [as equal] with Allāh another deity; then throw him into the severe punishment."
以及为真主设匹配并加以崇拜者。你们俩将他投进严厉的惩罚中吧。”
50:27Page 519
۞ قَالَ قَرِينُهُۥ رَبَّنَا مَآ أَطۡغَيۡتُهُۥ وَلَٰكِن كَانَ فِي ضَلَٰلِۭ بَعِيدٖ ٢٧
His [devil] companion will say, "Our Lord, I did not make him transgress, but he [himself] was in extreme error."
那人的恶魔伙伴脱离和他干系说：“我们的主啊！我没有使他迷误，而是他自己处在远离真理的迷误之中。”
50:28Page 519
قَالَ لَا تَخۡتَصِمُواْ لَدَيَّ وَقَدۡ قَدَّمۡتُ إِلَيۡكُم بِٱلۡوَعِيدِ ٢٨
[Allāh] will say, "Do not dispute before Me, while I had already presented to you the threat [i.e., warning].
真主说：“你们不要在此争辩，那是无济于事的。在今世，我已为你们派遣众使者，带去了对不信道和悖逆之人的严厉警告。
50:29Page 519
مَا يُبَدَّلُ ٱلۡقَوۡلُ لَدَيَّ وَمَآ أَنَا۠ بِظَلَّٰمٖ لِّلۡعَبِيدِ ٢٩
The word [i.e., decree] will not be changed with Me, and never will I be unjust to the servants."
我的言辞不能变更，我的许诺也不会爽约，我不会为亏枉他们，而减少他们的善功，增加他们的罪过，我必以他们的行为进行报酬。”
50:30Page 519
يَوۡمَ نَقُولُ لِجَهَنَّمَ هَلِ ٱمۡتَلَأۡتِ وَتَقُولُ هَلۡ مِن مَّزِيدٖ ٣٠
On the Day We will say to Hell, "Have you been filled?" and it will say, "Are there some more,"
那日，我对火狱说：“不信道和作恶者已将你填满了吗？”火狱回答它的养主说：“还有更多的吗？”
50:31Page 519
وَأُزۡلِفَتِ ٱلۡجَنَّةُ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ غَيۡرَ بَعِيدٍ ٣١
And Paradise will be brought near to the righteous, not far,
“乐园被移到遵从真主命令、远离真主禁令的敬畏者附近，他们可以看到其中的恩惠。
50:32Page 519
هَٰذَا مَا تُوعَدُونَ لِكُلِّ أَوَّابٍ حَفِيظٖ ٣٢
[It will be said], "This is what you were promised - for every returner [to Allāh] and keeper [of His covenant].
有个声音对他们说‘这就是真主给予每一位以忏悔回归祂、遵循祂命令的谨守之人的，
50:33Page 519
مَّنۡ خَشِيَ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنَ بِٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَجَآءَ بِقَلۡبٖ مُّنِيبٍ ٣٣
Who feared the Most Merciful in the unseen and came with a heart returning [in repentance].
秘密的敬畏真主，并以健全之心向真主许诺者’，
50:34Page 519
ٱدۡخُلُوهَا بِسَلَٰمٖۖ ذَٰلِكَ يَوۡمُ ٱلۡخُلُودِ ٣٤
Enter it in peace. This is the Day of Eternity."
你们平安地进入乐园吧！你们不会遭受所厌之事的困扰，那是永居之日的开始。”
50:35Page 519
لَهُم مَّا يَشَآءُونَ فِيهَا وَلَدَيۡنَا مَزِيدٞ ٣٥
They will have whatever they wish therein, and with Us is more.
乐园里，有他们所欲的永不罄尽的恩典，还有人类见所未见、闻所未闻、完全不可企及的恩典，其中就有眼见清高的真主。
50:36Page 520
وَكَمۡ أَهۡلَكۡنَا قَبۡلَهُم مِّن قَرۡنٍ هُمۡ أَشَدُّ مِنۡهُم بَطۡشٗا فَنَقَّبُواْ فِي ٱلۡبِلَٰدِ هَلۡ مِن مَّحِيصٍ ٣٦
And how many a generation before them did We destroy who were greater than them in [striking] power and had explored throughout the lands. Is there any place of escape?
在麦加城这些不义者之前，我曾毁灭了多少否认使者的以物配主者啊！让他们在城镇中寻找吧，但愿他们找到躲避真主惩罚的一处逃避之所，他们绝不能找到！
50:37Page 520
إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَذِكۡرَىٰ لِمَن كَانَ لَهُۥ قَلۡبٌ أَوۡ أَلۡقَى ٱلسَّمۡعَ وَهُوَ شَهِيدٞ ٣٧
Indeed in that is a reminder for whoever has a heart or who listens while he is present [in mind].
对上述民众的毁灭，对有心智的聆听之人，确是明显的提醒和劝告。
50:38Page 520
وَلَقَدۡ خَلَقۡنَا ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٖ وَمَا مَسَّنَا مِن لُّغُوبٖ ٣٨
And We did certainly create the heavens and earth and what is between them in six days, and there touched Us no weariness.
我确在六天内创造了诸天、大地及天地间的万物，我有能力在霎那间创造它们， 我没有像犹太教徒所说的那样感到一丝疲倦。
50:39Page 520
فَٱصۡبِرۡ عَلَىٰ مَا يَقُولُونَ وَسَبِّحۡ بِحَمۡدِ رَبِّكَ قَبۡلَ طُلُوعِ ٱلشَّمۡسِ وَقَبۡلَ ٱلۡغُرُوبِ ٣٩
So be patient, [O Muḥammad], over what they say and exalt [Allāh] with praise of your Lord before the rising of the sun and before its setting,
使者啊！你当坚忍犹太教徒和其他人说的妄言，当在日出前的晨礼中赞颂祂，日落前的哺礼时敬拜祂。
50:40Page 520
وَمِنَ ٱلَّيۡلِ فَسَبِّحۡهُ وَأَدۡبَٰرَ ٱلسُّجُودِ ٤٠
And [in part] of the night exalt Him and after prostration [i.e., prayer].
当在夜间敬拜祂，在拜后赞颂祂。
50:41Page 520
وَٱسۡتَمِعۡ يَوۡمَ يُنَادِ ٱلۡمُنَادِ مِن مَّكَانٖ قَرِيبٖ ٤١
And listen on the Day when the Caller1 will call out from a place that is near -
使者啊！你当倾听，在负责吹号角的天使在邻近之地呐喊，吹响第二声号角之日，
50:42Page 520
يَوۡمَ يَسۡمَعُونَ ٱلصَّيۡحَةَ بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ ذَٰلِكَ يَوۡمُ ٱلۡخُرُوجِ ٤٢
The Day they will hear the blast [of the Horn] in truth. That is the Day of Emergence [from the graves].
万物听到关于复活的呐喊之日，即是死人从坟墓走出接受清算和报酬之日。
50:43Page 520
إِنَّا نَحۡنُ نُحۡيِۦ وَنُمِيتُ وَإِلَيۡنَا ٱلۡمَصِيرُ ٤٣
Indeed, it is We who give life and cause death, and to Us is the destination
我使人生，使人死。除我外再没有掌握生死大权者。复活日，众仆必将回归于我，接受清算和报酬。
50:44Page 520
يَوۡمَ تَشَقَّقُ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ عَنۡهُمۡ سِرَاعٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ حَشۡرٌ عَلَيۡنَا يَسِيرٞ ٤٤
On the Day the earth breaks away from them [and they emerge] rapidly; that is a gathering easy for Us.
大地破裂而他们急速走出坟墓的日子，对我来说，那集合确是容易的。
50:45Page 520
نَّحۡنُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا يَقُولُونَۖ وَمَآ أَنتَ عَلَيۡهِم بِجَبَّارٖۖ فَذَكِّرۡ بِٱلۡقُرۡءَانِ مَن يَخَافُ وَعِيدِ ٤٥
We are most knowing of what they say, and you are not over them a tyrant.1 But remind by the Qur’ān whoever fears My threat.
我彻知这些否认使者之人所说的谰言，使者啊！你并非被授权强迫他们信道，你只是传达真主命令你所传达的。你当以《古兰经》劝化和警告不信道和悖逆之人。惟恐惧者能聆听教诲，得以觉悟。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences