Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
الذاريات
Adh-Dhariyat
The Winnowing Winds · Meccan · 60 ayahs
真主以扬起土的风盟誓，
以满载丰富水的云盟誓，
以海洋中便利航行的船舶盟誓，
以受命真主而分担众仆事宜的众天使盟誓，
你们的主许诺的清算和报酬确是毋庸置疑的，
在复活日对众仆的清算是毫无疑问的。
真主以美妙的有轨道的天空盟誓，
麦加的人们啊！你们确在相互矛盾的说辞中，你们有时候说“《古兰经》是魔幻”，有时候又说“穆罕默德是魔术师”，还有时候会说“穆罕默德是位诗人”。
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يُؤۡفَكُ عَنۡهُ مَنۡ أُفِكَ ٩
Deluded away from it [i.e., the Qur’ān] is he who is deluded.
真主确知，远离《古兰经》和先知（愿主福安之）的人没有信仰，他是不信道者，是不被引导至正道者。
愿这些诽谤《古兰经》及他们的先知之人被弃绝！
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ٱلَّذِينَ هُمۡ فِي غَمۡرَةٖ سَاهُونَ ١١
Who are within a flood [of confusion] and heedless.
对于后世，他们是愚昧的、忽视的、不注重的。
他们询问：“报酬之日在何时呢？”他们对此一无所知。
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يَوۡمَ هُمۡ عَلَى ٱلنَّارِ يُفۡتَنُونَ ١٣
[It is] the Day they will be tormented over the Fire
真主回答他们说，那是他们在火狱接受惩罚之日。
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ذُوقُواْ فِتۡنَتَكُمۡ هَٰذَا ٱلَّذِي كُنتُم بِهِۦ تَسۡتَعۡجِلُونَ ١٤
[And will be told], "Taste your torment. This is that for which you were impatient."
有个声音对他们说：“品尝你们的惩罚吧！这便是曾以此警告过你们，而你们却嘲笑着要求早日实现的惩罚。”
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إِنَّ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ فِي جَنَّٰتٖ وَعُيُونٍ ١٥
Indeed, the righteous will be among gardens and springs,
复活日，遵从他们的主命令、远离其禁令的敬畏者，必处在诸多流淌的泉水的花园之中，
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ءَاخِذِينَ مَآ ءَاتَىٰهُمۡ رَبُّهُمۡۚ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ قَبۡلَ ذَٰلِكَ مُحۡسِنِينَ ١٦
Accepting what their Lord has given them. Indeed, they were before that doers of good.
接受他们的主赐予他们的浩荡赏赐，在浩荡赏赐之前的今世他们确是行善者，
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كَانُواْ قَلِيلٗا مِّنَ ٱلَّيۡلِ مَا يَهۡجَعُونَ ١٧
They used to sleep but little of the night,1
是坚守夜间礼拜者，他们只睡眠些许时间，
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وَبِٱلۡأَسۡحَارِ هُمۡ يَسۡتَغۡفِرُونَ ١٨
And in the hours before dawn they would ask forgiveness,
在凌晨时刻他们祈祷真主饶恕他们的罪过，
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وَفِيٓ أَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ حَقّٞ لِّلسَّآئِلِ وَٱلۡمَحۡرُومِ ١٩
And from their properties was [given] the right of the [needy] petitioner and the deprived.
他们的钱财中有自愿施舍给乞讨者或因某种原因无法乞讨之人的份额。
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وَفِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ ءَايَٰتٞ لِّلۡمُوقِنِينَ ٢٠
And on the earth are signs for the certain [in faith]
对于笃信真主是创造者和设计者的人，大地上真主所设置其中的山脉、海洋、河流、树木、植物、动物等，均有很多证明真主大能的证据。
人们啊！在你们自身中确有很多证明真主大能的证据，难道你们看不见、悟不出吗？
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وَفِي ٱلسَّمَآءِ رِزۡقُكُمۡ وَمَا تُوعَدُونَ ٢٢
And in the heaven is your provision and whatever you are promised.
天空中有你们今世生活和宗教生活的给养，也有为你们许诺的善与恶。
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فَوَرَبِّ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ إِنَّهُۥ لَحَقّٞ مِّثۡلَ مَآ أَنَّكُمۡ تَنطِقُونَ ٢٣
Then by the Lord of the heaven and earth, indeed, it is truth - just as [sure as] it is that you are speaking.
以天地的主盟誓，复活正如你们能发音一样，确是真实的，毋庸置疑的。
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هَلۡ أَتَىٰكَ حَدِيثُ ضَيۡفِ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ ٱلۡمُكۡرَمِينَ ٢٤
Has there reached you the story of the honored guests of Abraham?1 -
使者啊！关于易卜拉欣款待的贵客，天使们的故事来临你了吗？
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إِذۡ دَخَلُواْ عَلَيۡهِ فَقَالُواْ سَلَٰمٗاۖ قَالَ سَلَٰمٞ قَوۡمٞ مُّنكَرُونَ ٢٥
When they entered upon him and said, "[We greet you with] peace." He answered, "[And upon you] peace; [you are] a people unknown."
当时天使到易卜拉欣跟前说：“祝你平安！”易卜拉欣回答“祝你们平安！”并自言自语的说：我们不认识这些人。
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فَرَاغَ إِلَىٰٓ أَهۡلِهِۦ فَجَآءَ بِعِجۡلٖ سَمِينٖ ٢٦
Then he went to his family and came with a fat [roasted] calf.
故他悄悄地到家人跟前，端上一头肥嫩的牛犊，他认为这些只是一些平常的客人。
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فَقَرَّبَهُۥٓ إِلَيۡهِمۡ قَالَ أَلَا تَأۡكُلُونَ ٢٧
And placed it near them; he said, "Will you not eat?"
易卜拉欣把那只肥嫩的牛犊递给客人，并温和地对他们说：“你们不吃些为你们呈上的食物吗？”
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فَأَوۡجَسَ مِنۡهُمۡ خِيفَةٗۖ قَالُواْ لَا تَخَفۡۖ وَبَشَّرُوهُ بِغُلَٰمٍ عَلِيمٖ ٢٨
And he felt from them apprehension.1 They said, "Fear not," and gave him good tidings of a learned boy.
当天使们没有吃的时候，易卜拉欣对他们心生恐惧，这时他们为易卜拉欣显现并安慰他说：“不要害怕，我们是真主的使者。”他们向易卜拉欣报喜，说他将得到一个博学之子，即易司哈格（愿主赐其平安）。
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فَأَقۡبَلَتِ ٱمۡرَأَتُهُۥ فِي صَرَّةٖ فَصَكَّتۡ وَجۡهَهَا وَقَالَتۡ عَجُوزٌ عَقِيمٞ ٢٩
And his wife approached with a cry [of alarm] and struck her face and said, "[I am] a barren old woman!"
当他的妻子听到这个喜讯便喊叫着走来，打着自己的脸说：“难道老妇人要生育吗？”她本是位不能生育之人！
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قَالُواْ كَذَٰلِكِ قَالَ رَبُّكِۖ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٣٠
They said, "Thus has said your Lord; indeed, He is the Wise, the Knowing."
天使对她说：“我们告诉你的只是你的主所说的，祂所说的绝不会被驳回。”真主对其创造和裁夺确是至睿的，确是至知众仆利益的。
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۞ قَالَ فَمَا خَطۡبُكُمۡ أَيُّهَا ٱلۡمُرۡسَلُونَ ٣١
[Abraham] said, "Then what is your business [here], O messengers?"
易卜拉欣（愿主赐其平安）对天使说：“你们所奉何命？去往何处？”
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قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّآ أُرۡسِلۡنَآ إِلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ مُّجۡرِمِينَ ٣٢
They said, "Indeed, we have been sent to a people of criminals1
天使回答他说：“真主派遣我们去惩罚一群犯罪者，他们确已犯下最丑陋罪行。
我们去为他们降下坚硬泥土变成的石头。
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مُّسَوَّمَةً عِندَ رَبِّكَ لِلۡمُسۡرِفِينَ ٣٤
Marked in the presence of your Lord for the transgressors."
易卜拉欣啊！那是从你的主那里发出的，以惩治不信道和僭越真主法度的悖逆之人。”
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فَأَخۡرَجۡنَا مَن كَانَ فِيهَا مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٣٥
So We brought out whoever was in them [i.e., the cities] of the believers.
故我从鲁特族人村中救出所有信道者，使他们免于遭受犯罪者所遭受的惩罚。
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فَمَا وَجَدۡنَا فِيهَا غَيۡرَ بَيۡتٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡمُسۡلِمِينَ ٣٦
And We found not within them other than a [single] house of Muslims.1
在他们这座村庄里我只发现一家归顺者，他们就是鲁特（愿主赐其平安）的家人。
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وَتَرَكۡنَا فِيهَآ ءَايَةٗ لِّلَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ ٱلۡعَذَابَ ٱلۡأَلِيمَ ٣٧
And We left therein a sign for those who fear the painful punishment.
我在鲁特族人的村庄留下证明他们受过惩罚的痕迹，以便惧怕遭遇痛苦惩罚的人以此为戒，而不会重蹈覆辙，并获得救赎。
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وَفِي مُوسَىٰٓ إِذۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَٰهُ إِلَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنَ بِسُلۡطَٰنٖ مُّبِينٖ ٣٨
And in Moses [was a sign], when We sent him to Pharaoh with clear authority.1
对惧怕严酷惩罚的人，在穆萨的故事里确有一种迹象，当时我以明显的证据派遣穆萨去劝化法老，
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فَتَوَلَّىٰ بِرُكۡنِهِۦ وَقَالَ سَٰحِرٌ أَوۡ مَجۡنُونٞ ٣٩
But he turned away with his supporters and said, "A magician or a madman."
法老对此拒绝并以他的力量和军队践踏真理，他评价穆萨（愿主赐其平安）“是个向人们施魔法的魔术师，或是个不知其言的疯子。”
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فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُ وَجُنُودَهُۥ فَنَبَذۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡيَمِّ وَهُوَ مُلِيمٞ ٤٠
So We took him and his soldiers and cast them into the sea, and he was blameworthy.
故我惩罚了他和他的整个军队，使他们沉溺于海里，将其溺死并毁灭。法老因否认使者并妄称自己是神灵而受到应有的惩罚。
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وَفِي عَادٍ إِذۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلرِّيحَ ٱلۡعَقِيمَ ٤١
And in ʿAad [was a sign], when We sent against them the barren wind.1
对惧怕严酷惩罚的人，胡德的宗族的故事里有一种迹象。当时我以飓风毁灭了他们，那风没有带去雨水，也未植下一颗树，其中毫无吉庆。
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مَا تَذَرُ مِن شَيۡءٍ أَتَتۡ عَلَيۡهِ إِلَّا جَعَلَتۡهُ كَٱلرَّمِيمِ ٤٢
It left nothing of what it came upon but that it made it like disintegrated ruins.
那飓风摧毁了包括人和财物所到之处的一切，只留下一片狼藉。
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وَفِي ثَمُودَ إِذۡ قِيلَ لَهُمۡ تَمَتَّعُواْ حَتَّىٰ حِينٖ ٤٣
And in Thamūd, when it was said to them, "Enjoy yourselves for a time."
对惧怕严酷惩罚的人，撒立哈（愿主赐其平安）的宗族赛莫德人的故事中确有一种迹象，当时他对族人说：“在生命结束前，你们暂时享受生活吧！”
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فَعَتَوۡاْ عَنۡ أَمۡرِ رَبِّهِمۡ فَأَخَذَتۡهُمُ ٱلصَّٰعِقَةُ وَهُمۡ يَنظُرُونَ ٤٤
But they were insolent toward the command of their Lord, so the thunderbolt seized them while they were looking on.
他的族人藐视他们的主，不屑于信仰和顺从，故疾雷惩罚了他们，他们眼见惩罚的降临，他们曾在惩罚来临三天前得以警告。
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فَمَا ٱسۡتَطَٰعُواْ مِن قِيَامٖ وَمَا كَانُواْ مُنتَصِرِينَ ٤٥
And they were unable to arise, nor could they defend themselves.
他们不能保护自己免遭惩罚，也无力阻挡惩罚。
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وَقَوۡمَ نُوحٖ مِّن قَبۡلُۖ إِنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ قَوۡمٗا فَٰسِقِينَ ٤٦
And [We destroyed] the people of Noah before; indeed, they were a people defiantly disobedient.
在上述这些人之前，我确已沉溺毁灭了奴哈的宗族，他们是悖逆的民众，故他们应受惩罚。
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وَٱلسَّمَآءَ بَنَيۡنَٰهَا بِأَيۡيْدٖ وَإِنَّا لَمُوسِعُونَ ٤٧
And the heaven We constructed with strength,1 and indeed, We are [its] expander.
我建筑了天空，我以其力量精工雕琢了它，我确实将其拓展。
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وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ فَرَشۡنَٰهَا فَنِعۡمَ ٱلۡمَٰهِدُونَ ٤٨
And the earth We have spread out, and excellent is the preparer.
我使大地如床一样铺展开适宜人们居住，我确是最优美的铺展者，我为他们铺展了大地。
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وَمِن كُلِّ شَيۡءٍ خَلَقۡنَا زَوۡجَيۡنِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَذَكَّرُونَ ٤٩
And of all things We created two mates [i.e., counterparts]; perhaps you will remember.
我把万物创造成配偶的，就像男性和女性，天空和大地，陆地和海洋。以便你们领悟创造万物两性的真主的独一性，领悟祂的大能。
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فَفِرُّوٓاْ إِلَى ٱللَّهِۖ إِنِّي لَكُم مِّنۡهُ نَذِيرٞ مُّبِينٞ ٥٠
So flee to Allāh.1 Indeed, I am to you from Him a clear warner.
你说：“人们啊！你们当以顺从和不违背祂而逃离真主的惩罚奔向祂的奖赏，我对于你们确是真主惩罚的坦率警告者。
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وَلَا تَجۡعَلُواْ مَعَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَٰهًا ءَاخَرَۖ إِنِّي لَكُم مِّنۡهُ نَذِيرٞ مُّبِينٞ ٥١
And do not make [as equal] with Allāh another deity. Indeed, I am to you from Him a clear warner.
你们不要舍真主而树立另一个神灵去崇拜，对此我确是坦率的警告者。
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كَذَٰلِكَ مَآ أَتَى ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِم مِّن رَّسُولٍ إِلَّا قَالُواْ سَاحِرٌ أَوۡ مَجۡنُونٌ ٥٢
Similarly, there came not to those before them any messenger except that they said, "A magician or a madman."
先辈中有象麦加人否认使者一样的民众，每当有位使者从真主那里来临他们，他们必说那使者：“是魔术师或是疯子。”
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أَتَوَاصَوۡاْ بِهِۦۚ بَلۡ هُمۡ قَوۡمٞ طَاغُونَ ٥٣
Did they suggest it to them?1 Rather, they [themselves] are a transgressing people.
难道之前和之后的不信道者们间相互嘱托否认众使者吗？不然！他们全体都是悖逆的民众。
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فَتَوَلَّ عَنۡهُمۡ فَمَآ أَنتَ بِمَلُومٖ ٥٤
So leave them, [O Muḥammad], for you are not to be blamed.
使者啊！你当回避这些否认使者的人们，你不为此受到责怪，你确已把奉命传达他们的已传达。
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وَذَكِّرۡ فَإِنَّ ٱلذِّكۡرَىٰ تَنفَعُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٥٥
And remind, for indeed, the reminder benefits the believers.
你回避他们并不能阻碍对他们的劝化，故你当劝化、教诲他们，对于信真主者教诲确是有益的。
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وَمَا خَلَقۡتُ ٱلۡجِنَّ وَٱلۡإِنسَ إِلَّا لِيَعۡبُدُونِ ٥٦
And I did not create the jinn and mankind except to worship Me.
我创造精灵和人类只为他们唯一崇拜我，我创造他们不是为我而树立匹配。
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مَآ أُرِيدُ مِنۡهُم مِّن رِّزۡقٖ وَمَآ أُرِيدُ أَن يُطۡعِمُونِ ٥٧
I do not want from them any provision, nor do I want them to feed Me.
我无需他们的给养，也不需他们供养我，
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إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلرَّزَّاقُ ذُو ٱلۡقُوَّةِ ٱلۡمَتِينُ ٥٨
Indeed, it is Allāh who is the [continual] Provider,1 the firm possessor of strength.
真主是供养众仆的，万物只有祈祷祂的给养，祂确是拥有稳固力量的、是不可战胜的，所有精灵和人类都顺服于清高的主的力量。
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فَإِنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ ذَنُوبٗا مِّثۡلَ ذَنُوبِ أَصۡحَٰبِهِمۡ فَلَا يَسۡتَعۡجِلُونِ ٥٩
And indeed, for those who have wronged is a portion [of punishment] like the portion of their companions [i.e., predecessors], so let them not impatiently urge Me.
使者啊！因否认你而自欺的不义者和他们之前同类人一样遭遇应受的、有特定期限的惩罚，他们不必求我将惩罚提前。
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فَوَيۡلٞ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن يَوۡمِهِمُ ٱلَّذِي يُوعَدُونَ ٦٠
And woe to those who have disbelieved from their Day which they are promised.
伤哉不信真主、否认其使者的人！当他们被警告的惩罚在复活日来临他们的时候。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences