Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese
Al-An'am 6:150–165
6:150Page 148
قُلۡ هَلُمَّ شُهَدَآءَكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَشۡهَدُونَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ حَرَّمَ هَٰذَاۖ فَإِن شَهِدُواْ فَلَا تَشۡهَدۡ مَعَهُمۡۚ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ أَهۡوَآءَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ بِٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ وَهُم بِرَبِّهِمۡ يَعۡدِلُونَ ١٥٠
Say, [O Muḥammad], "Bring forward your witnesses who will testify that Allāh has prohibited this." And if they testify, do not testify with them. And do not follow the desires of those who deny Our verses and those who do not believe in the Hereafter, while they equate [others] with their Lord.
使者啊!你对这些将真主视为合法之物定为非法的,并撒谎是真主将之定为非法的以物配主者说:“你们把见证真主将这些定为非法之物的证人召唤出来吧!”使者啊!如果他们无法证明此事,就不要相信他们的证词,因为这是假证。你不要跟从随心所欲之人,当他们将真主视为合法之物认定为非法时,确已否认了我的迹象,他们以物配主,又怎么会走上真主的道路呢?
6:151Page 148
۞ قُلۡ تَعَالَوۡاْ أَتۡلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡۖ أَلَّا تُشۡرِكُواْ بِهِۦ شَيۡـٔٗاۖ وَبِٱلۡوَٰلِدَيۡنِ إِحۡسَٰنٗاۖ وَلَا تَقۡتُلُوٓاْ أَوۡلَٰدَكُم مِّنۡ إِمۡلَٰقٖ نَّحۡنُ نَرۡزُقُكُمۡ وَإِيَّاهُمۡۖ وَلَا تَقۡرَبُواْ ٱلۡفَوَٰحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنۡهَا وَمَا بَطَنَۖ وَلَا تَقۡتُلُواْ ٱلنَّفۡسَ ٱلَّتِي حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بِٱلۡحَقِّۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ وَصَّىٰكُم بِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَعۡقِلُونَ ١٥١
Say, "Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited to you. [He commands] that you not associate anything with Him, and to parents, good treatment, and do not kill your children out of poverty; We will provide for you and them. And do not approach immoralities - what is apparent of them and what is concealed. And do not kill the soul which Allāh has forbidden [to be killed] except by [legal] right. This has He instructed you that you may use reason."
使者啊!你对世人说:“你们来吧!我为你们宣读真主所禁戒你们的事项:祂禁止你们以物配主、忤逆父母,你们应善待他们、禁止像蒙昧时期之人,因贫穷而杀害自己的儿女,我给予你们和他们给养、禁止你们接近明显的和隐讳的丑事、禁止除正义的如石毙通奸者外,非正义的杀害他人,以及叛教。祂将上述之事嘱咐你们,以便你们了解真主的命令和禁令。”
6:152Page 149
وَلَا تَقۡرَبُواْ مَالَ ٱلۡيَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِٱلَّتِي هِيَ أَحۡسَنُ حَتَّىٰ يَبۡلُغَ أَشُدَّهُۥۚ وَأَوۡفُواْ ٱلۡكَيۡلَ وَٱلۡمِيزَانَ بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۖ لَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفۡسًا إِلَّا وُسۡعَهَاۖ وَإِذَا قُلۡتُمۡ فَٱعۡدِلُواْ وَلَوۡ كَانَ ذَا قُرۡبَىٰۖ وَبِعَهۡدِ ٱللَّهِ أَوۡفُواْۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ وَصَّىٰكُم بِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَذَكَّرُونَ ١٥٢
And do not approach the orphan's property except in a way that is best [i.e., intending improvement] until he reaches maturity. And give full measure and weight in justice. We do not charge any soul except [with that within] its capacity. And when you speak [i.e., testify], be just, even if [it concerns] a near relative. And the covenant of Allāh fulfill. This has He instructed you that you may remember.
禁止侵吞孤儿的财产,-孤儿是指失去父亲的未成年儿童-除非是基于他的利益并使他的财产得以发展和增益,直到他成年。禁止称量不公,你们在买卖中应保持公正,我只依个人能力而加以责成,你们应在称量和类似事情中避免短斤少两。禁止因徇私而做伪证和发散假消息,禁止违背誓言或撕毁盟约,应信守承诺,上述都是真主的命令,希望你谨此为鉴。
6:153Page 149
وَأَنَّ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطِي مُسۡتَقِيمٗا فَٱتَّبِعُوهُۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُواْ ٱلسُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمۡ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ وَصَّىٰكُم بِهِۦ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَّقُونَ ١٥٣
And, [moreover], this is My path, which is straight, so follow it; and do not follow [other] ways, for you will be separated from His way. This has He instructed you that you may become righteous.
你们不要追随迷途和歧途,而应遵循正道。歧途能导致分裂并远离真理,而追随正道是真主嘱咐你们应走的道路,希望你们以遵循真主命令,远离真主禁令而敬畏真主。
6:154Page 149
ثُمَّ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَى ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ تَمَامًا عَلَى ٱلَّذِيٓ أَحۡسَنَ وَتَفۡصِيلٗا لِّكُلِّ شَيۡءٖ وَهُدٗى وَرَحۡمَةٗ لَّعَلَّهُم بِلِقَآءِ رَبِّهِمۡ يُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٥٤
Then1 We gave Moses the Scripture, making complete [Our favor] upon the one who did good [i.e., Moses] and as a detailed explanation of all things and as guidance and mercy that perhaps in the meeting with their Lord they would believe.
当告知了你们这些之后,我还当告诉你们,我将《讨拉特》做为完全的恩典降示给穆萨,这是对行善者的回赐,是对教律中每件事的详尽阐释,是对真理和真主仁慈的证明。以便他们确信,复生日里,他们终会与他们的养主会见,故他们应以立行善功而为此准备。
6:155Page 149
وَهَٰذَا كِتَٰبٌ أَنزَلۡنَٰهُ مُبَارَكٞ فَٱتَّبِعُوهُ وَٱتَّقُواْ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُرۡحَمُونَ ١٥٥
And this [Qur’ān] is a Book We have revealed [which is] blessed, so follow it and fear Allāh that you may receive mercy.
这部《古兰经》是我降示了很多吉庆的一部经典,其中包含了宗教和今世中的一切有益之事,故你们当遵循它,谨防违反它,但愿你们蒙真主怜悯。
6:156Page 149
أَن تَقُولُوٓاْ إِنَّمَآ أُنزِلَ ٱلۡكِتَٰبُ عَلَىٰ طَآئِفَتَيۡنِ مِن قَبۡلِنَا وَإِن كُنَّا عَن دِرَاسَتِهِمۡ لَغَٰفِلِينَ ١٥٦
[We revealed it] lest you say, "The Scripture was only sent down to two groups before us, but we were of their study unaware,"
阿拉伯人中的以物配主者啊!为避免你们说:“真主为我们之前的犹太教徒和基督教徒分别降示了《讨拉特》和《引支勒》,并未向我们降示任何的经典。我们不会读他们的经典,因为这些经典都是他们的母语,而非我们的母语。”
6:157Page 149
أَوۡ تَقُولُواْ لَوۡ أَنَّآ أُنزِلَ عَلَيۡنَا ٱلۡكِتَٰبُ لَكُنَّآ أَهۡدَىٰ مِنۡهُمۡۚ فَقَدۡ جَآءَكُم بَيِّنَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ وَهُدٗى وَرَحۡمَةٞۚ فَمَنۡ أَظۡلَمُ مِمَّن كَذَّبَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَصَدَفَ عَنۡهَاۗ سَنَجۡزِي ٱلَّذِينَ يَصۡدِفُونَ عَنۡ ءَايَٰتِنَا سُوٓءَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَصۡدِفُونَ ١٥٧
Or lest you say, "If only the Scripture had been revealed to us, we would have been better guided than they." So there has [now] come to you a clear evidence from your Lord and a guidance and mercy. Then who is more unjust than one who denies the verses of Allāh and turns away from them? We will recompense those who turn away from Our verses with the worst of punishment for their having turned away.
避免你们说:“如果真主为我们也降示一部如同曾降示给犹太教徒和基督教徒的经典,那我们比他们更能遵守正道。”真主确以你们的母语为你们的先知穆罕默德(愿主福安之)降示了经典,那是明证、是导人走向真理的指南、是民众获得仁慈的一部经典。否认真主的迹象,并加以背弃之人,有谁比他更为不义呢?我必严厉惩罚背弃我的迹象之人,他们将因背弃正道而受到进入火狱惩罚的报偿。
6:158Page 150
هَلۡ يَنظُرُونَ إِلَّآ أَن تَأۡتِيَهُمُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ أَوۡ يَأۡتِيَ رَبُّكَ أَوۡ يَأۡتِيَ بَعۡضُ ءَايَٰتِ رَبِّكَۗ يَوۡمَ يَأۡتِي بَعۡضُ ءَايَٰتِ رَبِّكَ لَا يَنفَعُ نَفۡسًا إِيمَٰنُهَا لَمۡ تَكُنۡ ءَامَنَتۡ مِن قَبۡلُ أَوۡ كَسَبَتۡ فِيٓ إِيمَٰنِهَا خَيۡرٗاۗ قُلِ ٱنتَظِرُوٓاْ إِنَّا مُنتَظِرُونَ ١٥٨
Do they [then] wait for anything except that the angels should come to them or your Lord should come or that there come some of the signs1 of your Lord? The Day that some of the signs of your Lord will come no soul will benefit from its faith as long as it had not believed before or had earned through its faith some good. Say, "Wait. Indeed, we [also] are waiting."
使者啊!否认者在今世,只是在等待死神和其盟友的到来,取走他们的灵魂;或是在等待你的主清算他们,降临惩罚的后世的到来;或等待你的主昭示末日迹象。那日,如太阳从西方升起等主的迹象必定到来,但凡无信仰的不信道者,和虽信道却未立行善功之人,他的信仰无济于他。使者啊!你对否认真主的以物配主者说:“你们等待这些事中的一件的到来吧!我们确也在等待之中。”
6:159Page 150
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ فَرَّقُواْ دِينَهُمۡ وَكَانُواْ شِيَعٗا لَّسۡتَ مِنۡهُمۡ فِي شَيۡءٍۚ إِنَّمَآ أَمۡرُهُمۡ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَفۡعَلُونَ ١٥٩
Indeed, those who have divided their religion and become sects - you, [O Muḥammad], are not [associated] with them in anything. Their affair is only [left] to Allāh; then He will inform them about what they used to do.
的确,将自己的宗教从犹太教和基督教中脱离出来之人,他们吸纳该宗教中的一部分,放弃另一部分,而自成一派。使者啊!你与他们毫无干系,他们的迷误也与你无关,你对于他们只是一名警告者,他们的事只归属于真主。复生日,真主将告知他们在今世中的所作所为,并以此报偿他们。
6:160Page 150
مَن جَآءَ بِٱلۡحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُۥ عَشۡرُ أَمۡثَالِهَاۖ وَمَن جَآءَ بِٱلسَّيِّئَةِ فَلَا يُجۡزَىٰٓ إِلَّا مِثۡلَهَا وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُونَ ١٦٠
Whoever comes [on the Day of Judgement] with a good deed will have ten times the like thereof [to his credit], and whoever comes with an evil deed will not be recompensed except the like thereof; and they will not be wronged.1
复生日,信士中谁干了一件善功,真主将十倍地回赐他。谁干了一件坏事,真主只以同等程度的罪责惩罚他。复生日中,他们不会因缩减善功的回赐和加大惩罚力度而受到任何的亏枉。
6:161Page 150
قُلۡ إِنَّنِي هَدَىٰنِي رَبِّيٓ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ دِينٗا قِيَمٗا مِّلَّةَ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ حَنِيفٗاۚ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ ١٦١
Say, "Indeed, my Lord has guided me to a straight path - a correct religion - the way of Abraham, inclining toward truth. And he was not among those who associated others with Allāh."
使者啊!你对否认真主的以物配主者说:“的确,真主引导我所走的正道,是有益于今后两世的正教。它是崇正的易卜拉欣的宗教,他不是以物配主之人。”
6:162Page 150
قُلۡ إِنَّ صَلَاتِي وَنُسُكِي وَمَحۡيَايَ وَمَمَاتِي لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٦٢
Say, "Indeed, my prayer, my rites of sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allāh, Lord of the worlds.
使者啊!你说:“我的礼拜,我的宰牲都是为了真主,都只尊奉真主的尊名。我的生、我的死也只归于万物的养主,除他以外没有任何归属。
6:163Page 150
لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُۥۖ وَبِذَٰلِكَ أُمِرۡتُ وَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡمُسۡلِمِينَ ١٦٣
No partner has He. And this I have been commanded, and I am the first [among you] of the Muslims."1
祂是独一的主,祂没有伙伴,祂是应受崇拜的主,这是真主要求我奉行的认主独一的道路。我是该民众中最先顺服真主之人。
6:164Page 150
قُلۡ أَغَيۡرَ ٱللَّهِ أَبۡغِي رَبّٗا وَهُوَ رَبُّ كُلِّ شَيۡءٖۚ وَلَا تَكۡسِبُ كُلُّ نَفۡسٍ إِلَّا عَلَيۡهَاۚ وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٞ وِزۡرَ أُخۡرَىٰۚ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُم مَّرۡجِعُكُمۡ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ فِيهِ تَخۡتَلِفُونَ ١٦٤
Say, "Is it other than Allāh I should desire as a lord while He is the Lord of all things? And every soul earns not [blame] except against itself, and no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. Then to your Lord is your return, and He will inform you concerning that over which you used to differ."
使者啊!你对这些以物配主者说:“祂是清高的真主,是万物的养主,难道我舍祂而另寻他主吗?祂是你们除祂外所崇拜的所有神灵的养主。”无辜者不担负他人罪责,复生日,所有人都回归到真主那里,祂将把你们在今世中曾因宗教而产生的分歧告知你们。
6:165Page 150
وَهُوَ ٱلَّذِي جَعَلَكُمۡ خَلَٰٓئِفَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَرَفَعَ بَعۡضَكُمۡ فَوۡقَ بَعۡضٖ دَرَجَٰتٖ لِّيَبۡلُوَكُمۡ فِي مَآ ءَاتَىٰكُمۡۗ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ سَرِيعُ ٱلۡعِقَابِ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَغَفُورٞ رَّحِيمُۢ ١٦٥
And it is He who has made you successors upon the earth and has raised some of you above others in degrees [of rank] that He may try you through what He has given you. Indeed, your Lord is swift in penalty; but indeed, He is Forgiving and Merciful.
真主,祂使你们成为继前人之后大地上的代治者,祂使你们在外形、给养和其它方面相互超越,以便考验你们如何享受祂给予你们的恩典。使者啊!你的主是神速惩罚的,祂意欲之物,势必发生。祂对于忏悔的仆人确是至恕的,至慈的。
Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences