Al-MukhtasarAl‑A'raf · 7:80–157

Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese

Al-A'raf 7:80–157

7:80Page 160

وَلُوطًا إِذۡ قَالَ لِقَوۡمِهِۦٓ أَتَأۡتُونَ ٱلۡفَٰحِشَةَ مَا سَبَقَكُم بِهَا مِنۡ أَحَدٖ مِّنَ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٨٠

And [We had sent] Lot when he said to his people, "Do you commit such immorality as no one has preceded you with from among the worlds [i.e., peoples]?

你应谨记鲁特:他曾指责他的宗族们说:“你们怎能做同性恋那样的丑事呢?这是你们自创的,史无前例的丑事!”

7:81Page 160

إِنَّكُمۡ لَتَأۡتُونَ ٱلرِّجَالَ شَهۡوَةٗ مِّن دُونِ ٱلنِّسَآءِۚ بَلۡ أَنتُمۡ قَوۡمٞ مُّسۡرِفُونَ ٨١

Indeed, you approach men with desire, instead of women. Rather, you are a transgressing people."

你们一定要舍为此而生的妇女而以男子来满足性欲,你们的行为不仅是理性、传统和天性都无法接受的,而且确已破坏了人类平衡的天平并僭越了真主的法度,你们确已远离了正常的思维和天性。

7:82Page 161

وَمَا كَانَ جَوَابَ قَوۡمِهِۦٓ إِلَّآ أَن قَالُوٓاْ أَخۡرِجُوهُم مِّن قَرۡيَتِكُمۡۖ إِنَّهُمۡ أُنَاسٞ يَتَطَهَّرُونَ ٨٢

But the answer of his people was only that they said, "Evict them from your city! Indeed, they are men who keep themselves pure."

他的宗族对他指责他们所干的这种丑事,加以拒绝地说:“你们将鲁特和他的家人从你们的村庄驱逐出去,他们不愿接受我们的这种行为,而我们也没必要将他们留在我们中间。”

7:83Page 161

فَأَنجَيۡنَٰهُ وَأَهۡلَهُۥٓ إِلَّا ٱمۡرَأَتَهُۥ كَانَتۡ مِنَ ٱلۡغَٰبِرِينَ ٨٣

So We saved him and his family, except for his wife; she was of those who remained [with the evildoers].

故我拯救了鲁特和他的家人。我命令他们当晚就离开这个将会受到惩罚的村庄,但他的妻子没有离开,与其他的村民们在一起,因此她也受到了他们应受的惩罚。

7:84Page 161

وَأَمۡطَرۡنَا عَلَيۡهِم مَّطَرٗاۖ فَٱنظُرۡ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلۡمُجۡرِمِينَ ٨٤

And We rained upon them a rain [of stones]. Then see how was the end of the criminals.

我为他们降下暴雨,我使泥石流冲击他们,并使该村庄完全翻转,即上面倒向下面。使者啊!你看看鲁特的作恶宗族下场是怎样的?他们的下场就是遭受毁灭和永远的羞耻。

7:85Page 161

وَإِلَىٰ مَدۡيَنَ أَخَاهُمۡ شُعَيۡبٗاۚ قَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنۡ إِلَٰهٍ غَيۡرُهُۥۖ قَدۡ جَآءَتۡكُم بَيِّنَةٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡۖ فَأَوۡفُواْ ٱلۡكَيۡلَ وَٱلۡمِيزَانَ وَلَا تَبۡخَسُواْ ٱلنَّاسَ أَشۡيَآءَهُمۡ وَلَا تُفۡسِدُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بَعۡدَ إِصۡلَٰحِهَاۚ ذَٰلِكُمۡ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ٨٥

And to [the people of] Madyan [We sent] their brother Shuʿayb. He said, "O my people, worship Allāh; you have no deity other than Him. There has come to you clear evidence from your Lord. So fulfill the measure and weight and do not deprive people of their due and cause not corruption upon the earth after its reformation. That is better for you, if you should be believers.

我为麦德彦人派去了他们的兄弟舒阿卜(愿主赐他平安),他对他们说:“我的宗族啊!你们只崇拜真主吧,除祂外,绝无应受你们崇拜的。来自于真主的明证确已降临你们,它足以见证我所带给你们的确实是来自于真主。你们应足斤足两地称量,不应以货物的缺点为借口而克扣他人财物,或欺瞒主家。在以派遣众先知而改善该地方之后,你们不要以不信道和犯罪行为在大地上作恶。以上所提到的对你们都有裨益,都是更好的。如果你们是信士们,那就应放弃罪恶,远离真主禁止之事,应以履行真主的命令而接近真主。”

7:86Page 161

وَلَا تَقۡعُدُواْ بِكُلِّ صِرَٰطٖ تُوعِدُونَ وَتَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ مَنۡ ءَامَنَ بِهِۦ وَتَبۡغُونَهَا عِوَجٗاۚ وَٱذۡكُرُوٓاْ إِذۡ كُنتُمۡ قَلِيلٗا فَكَثَّرَكُمۡۖ وَٱنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ ٨٦

And do not sit on every path, threatening and averting from the way of Allāh those who believe in Him, seeking to make it [seem] deviant. And remember when you were few and He increased you. And see how was the end of the corrupters.

你们不要拦截每一条道路,威胁过往之人,抢劫他们的财物;你们不要以阻拦寻求得到真理引导之人而阻碍真主的宗教,并企图暗示他人真主的道路确是邪路,以此来阻止人们走上正道。你们应谨记真主恩赐你们的恩典,以便感谢。曾经你们的人数很少,是真主使你们人口增多,你们应看看在你们之前,那些曾在大地上作恶之人的下场是怎样的,他们终遭毁灭。

7:87Page 161

وَإِن كَانَ طَآئِفَةٞ مِّنكُمۡ ءَامَنُواْ بِٱلَّذِيٓ أُرۡسِلۡتُ بِهِۦ وَطَآئِفَةٞ لَّمۡ يُؤۡمِنُواْ فَٱصۡبِرُواْ حَتَّىٰ يَحۡكُمَ ٱللَّهُ بَيۡنَنَاۚ وَهُوَ خَيۡرُ ٱلۡحَٰكِمِينَ ٨٧

And if there should be a group among you who has believed in that with which I have been sent and a group that has not believed, then be patient until Allāh judges between us. And He is the best of judges."

如果你们中有一伙人确信我从我的主那里带来的使命,而另一伙人未信。否认者啊!你们等待真主在你们之间的裁决。祂是最好的裁决者、是最公正的判断者。

7:88Page 162

۞ قَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ مِن قَوۡمِهِۦ لَنُخۡرِجَنَّكَ يَٰشُعَيۡبُ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَكَ مِن قَرۡيَتِنَآ أَوۡ لَتَعُودُنَّ فِي مِلَّتِنَاۚ قَالَ أَوَلَوۡ كُنَّا كَٰرِهِينَ ٨٨

Said the eminent ones who were arrogant among his people, "We will surely evict you, O Shuʿayb, and those who have believed with you from our city, or you must return to our religion." He said, "Even if we were unwilling?

舒阿卜宗族中的权贵和领袖们对舒阿卜(愿主赐他平安)说:“舒阿卜啊!我们将把你和相信你的民众赶出我们的村庄,或者你们重回到我们的宗教中。”舒阿卜很惊讶地对他们说:“即然我们知道你们已经迷误,即然我们讨厌你们的宗教,难道我们还追随你们的宗教吗?”

7:89Page 162

قَدِ ٱفۡتَرَيۡنَا عَلَى ٱللَّهِ كَذِبًا إِنۡ عُدۡنَا فِي مِلَّتِكُم بَعۡدَ إِذۡ نَجَّىٰنَا ٱللَّهُ مِنۡهَاۚ وَمَا يَكُونُ لَنَآ أَن نَّعُودَ فِيهَآ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّنَاۚ وَسِعَ رَبُّنَا كُلَّ شَيۡءٍ عِلۡمًاۚ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ تَوَكَّلۡنَاۚ رَبَّنَا ٱفۡتَحۡ بَيۡنَنَا وَبَيۡنَ قَوۡمِنَا بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَأَنتَ خَيۡرُ ٱلۡفَٰتِحِينَ ٨٩

We would have invented against Allāh a lie if we returned to your religion after Allāh had saved us from it. And it is not for us to return to it except that Allāh, our Lord, should will. Our Lord has encompassed all things in knowledge. Upon Allāh we have relied. Our Lord, decide between us and our people in truth, and You are the best of those who give decision."

凭借真主的恩惠从你们的宗教中得以拯救后,我们若仍信仰你们所坚持的以物配主和不信道行为,那我们确已假借真主名义而撒谎了。我们不应、也不会重返你们的错误宗教,除非真主的意欲,所有人都将服从祂的安排。我们只信托真主,祂能使我们坚定于正道之上,能从火狱中保护我们。我们的主啊!求你在我们和我们的宗族之间依真理而判决吧,求你使拥有真理的受欺压之人战胜顽固的欺压者吧,我们的主啊!你是至善的裁决者。

7:90Page 162

وَقَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن قَوۡمِهِۦ لَئِنِ ٱتَّبَعۡتُمۡ شُعَيۡبًا إِنَّكُمۡ إِذٗا لَّخَٰسِرُونَ ٩٠

Said the eminent ones who disbelieved among his people, "If you should follow Shuʿayb, indeed, you would then be losers."

他的宗族中拒绝信仰认主独一的不信道的权贵和领袖们警告舒阿卜和他的宗教,并说:“我的族人啊!如果你们已信仰舒阿卜的宗教,放弃了你们的、以及你们祖先的宗教,那你们必定成为亏折之人。”

7:91Page 162

فَأَخَذَتۡهُمُ ٱلرَّجۡفَةُ فَأَصۡبَحُواْ فِي دَارِهِمۡ جَٰثِمِينَ ٩١

So the earthquake seized them, and they became within their home [corpses] fallen prone.

我使他们遭受强烈的地震,于是,他们被毁于各自的家中,僵卧在地,全部死于家中。

7:92Page 162

ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ شُعَيۡبٗا كَأَن لَّمۡ يَغۡنَوۡاْ فِيهَاۚ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ شُعَيۡبٗا كَانُواْ هُمُ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ٩٢

Those who denied Shuʿayb - it was as though they had never resided there. Those who denied Shuʿayb - it was they who were the losers.

否认舒阿卜之人,全部遭到毁灭。好像他们从未在家中生活过,从未享受过生活;否认舒阿卜之人,他们是亏折之人。因为他们亏了自身和曾拥有的一切。他的宗族中的信士们,不曾像这些不信道者和否认者所妄言的那样,而成为亏折之人。

7:93Page 162

فَتَوَلَّىٰ عَنۡهُمۡ وَقَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ لَقَدۡ أَبۡلَغۡتُكُمۡ رِسَٰلَٰتِ رَبِّي وَنَصَحۡتُ لَكُمۡۖ فَكَيۡفَ ءَاسَىٰ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ كَٰفِرِينَ ٩٣

And he [i.e., Shuʿayb] turned away from them and said, "O my people, I had certainly conveyed to you the messages of my Lord and advised you, so how could I grieve for a disbelieving people?"

当他的宗族遭受毁灭之后,他们的先知舒阿卜离开他们,并对他们说:“我的宗族啊!我已向你们传达了真主命我所传达的一切,我确已劝告了你们,但你们没有接受,没有服从我的引导。我怎么会为顽固不化的否认真主的不信道者伤心呢?”

7:94Page 162

وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا فِي قَرۡيَةٖ مِّن نَّبِيٍّ إِلَّآ أَخَذۡنَآ أَهۡلَهَا بِٱلۡبَأۡسَآءِ وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَضَّرَّعُونَ ٩٤

And We sent to no city a prophet [who was denied] except that We seized its people with poverty and hardship that they might humble themselves [to Allāh].

我为每一个村庄都派去了先知,但它的村民们都加以否认并且都不相信。除非为使他们谦逊,我为他们降下忧愁、贫穷和疾病以示惩戒,那他们才会放弃以往的悖逆和傲慢。这是对古莱氏的警告,也是对所有不信道的以及否认真主常道的宗族的警告。

7:95Page 162

ثُمَّ بَدَّلۡنَا مَكَانَ ٱلسَّيِّئَةِ ٱلۡحَسَنَةَ حَتَّىٰ عَفَواْ وَّقَالُواْ قَدۡ مَسَّ ءَابَآءَنَا ٱلضَّرَّآءُ وَٱلسَّرَّآءُ فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُم بَغۡتَةٗ وَهُمۡ لَا يَشۡعُرُونَ ٩٥

Then We exchanged in place of the bad [condition], good, until they increased [and prospered] and said, "Our fathers [also] were touched with hardship and ease."1 So We seized them suddenly while they did not perceive.2

当以贫困和患难惩戒他们之后,我转祸为福,给予他们大量的富庶、安宁和人口的增加。他们说:“我们经历的贫困和富庶是我们的先辈们也曾经历过的惯例。”他们不知道自己所遭受的惩罚,其目的是为了引以为戒;自己所得享的恩典,其目的是为了考验。故我在他们不知不觉中突然降下对他们的惩罚。

7:96Page 163

وَلَوۡ أَنَّ أَهۡلَ ٱلۡقُرَىٰٓ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱتَّقَوۡاْ لَفَتَحۡنَا عَلَيۡهِم بَرَكَٰتٖ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَلَٰكِن كَذَّبُواْ فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُم بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ٩٦

And if only the people of the cities had believed and feared Allāh, We would have opened [i.e., bestowed] upon them blessings from the heaven and the earth; but they denied [the messengers], so We seized them for what they were earning.1

如果我派遣使者所到村庄的村民相信使者们带来的使命,并以放弃不信道和悖逆,遵循真主的命令而敬畏真主,那我就会为他们从各个方面打开福利的大门,但是他们不仅没有信仰,也未敬畏,而且否认使者们带来的使命。故我因他们所行之罪恶,突降惩罚而惩处他们。

7:97Page 163

أَفَأَمِنَ أَهۡلُ ٱلۡقُرَىٰٓ أَن يَأۡتِيَهُم بَأۡسُنَا بَيَٰتٗا وَهُمۡ نَآئِمُونَ ٩٧

Then, did the people of the cities feel secure from Our punishment coming to them at night while they were asleep?

难道这些不信道的村民不害怕,当他们都沉浸在安详的睡梦中时,我的惩罚在夜晚突然降临吗?

7:98Page 163

أَوَأَمِنَ أَهۡلُ ٱلۡقُرَىٰٓ أَن يَأۡتِيَهُم بَأۡسُنَا ضُحٗى وَهُمۡ يَلۡعَبُونَ ٩٨

Or did the people of the cities feel secure from Our punishment coming to them in the morning while they were at play?1

还是当他们都忙于今世事务时,不害怕我的惩罚在白天降临他们吗?

7:99Page 163

أَفَأَمِنُواْ مَكۡرَ ٱللَّهِۚ فَلَا يَأۡمَنُ مَكۡرَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَّا ٱلۡقَوۡمُ ٱلۡخَٰسِرُونَ ٩٩

Then, did they feel secure from the plan of Allāh? But no one feels secure from the plan of Allāh except the losing people.

你们看真主是怎样宽限他们,并恩赐他们力量和宽宏的给养来诱导他们。难道这些村民们中不信道者就不害怕真主的计谋和祂潜在的安排吗?只有遭受毁灭之人才不害怕真主的计谋。至于被佑护者,他们害怕真主的计谋,他们对于真主的恩赐不喜形于色,而是心怀感恩。

7:100Page 163

أَوَلَمۡ يَهۡدِ لِلَّذِينَ يَرِثُونَ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ أَهۡلِهَآ أَن لَّوۡ نَشَآءُ أَصَبۡنَٰهُم بِذُنُوبِهِمۡۚ وَنَطۡبَعُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمۡ فَهُمۡ لَا يَسۡمَعُونَ ١٠٠

Has it not become clear to those who inherited the earth after its [previous] people that if We willed, We could afflict them for their sins? But We seal over their hearts so they do not hear.1

难道没有为因罪行而遭受毁灭的先民之后,继而成为大地上的代治者解释清楚吗?之后,他们未吸取先民的教训,而步其后尘。难道没有为这些人阐明清楚吗?如果真主意欲,他们将因自己的罪行而遭受惩罚,他们必将受到惩罚,这就是真主的常道。他们的心被封闭,不接受劝告,提醒也无济于事。

7:101Page 163

تِلۡكَ ٱلۡقُرَىٰ نَقُصُّ عَلَيۡكَ مِنۡ أَنۢبَآئِهَاۚ وَلَقَدۡ جَآءَتۡهُمۡ رُسُلُهُم بِٱلۡبَيِّنَٰتِ فَمَا كَانُواْ لِيُؤۡمِنُواْ بِمَا كَذَّبُواْ مِن قَبۡلُۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَطۡبَعُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ١٠١

Those cities - We relate to you, [O Muḥammad], some of their news. And certainly did their messengers come to them with clear proofs, but they were not to believe in that which they had denied before.1 Thus does Allāh seal over the hearts of the disbelievers.

那些先前的村庄-是努哈、呼德、撒立哈、鲁特和舒阿卜族人们的村庄-使者啊!我已把它们的部分故事、它们的悖逆和不信道以及它们所遭受的毁灭告诉给你,以便它成为世人引以为戒的教训。各民族的使者为他们的村庄带去了能证明自己忠诚的明显证据。如真主之前就已知道他们会否认使者的使命,当使者来临时,他们未加信仰。就像真主曾封闭了背叛他们使者的村民的心,真主也会封闭否认穆罕默德(愿主福安之)使命的不信道者的心,他们得不到信仰的指引。

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وَمَا وَجَدۡنَا لِأَكۡثَرِهِم مِّنۡ عَهۡدٖۖ وَإِن وَجَدۡنَآ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَفَٰسِقِينَ ١٠٢

And We did not find for most of them any covenant;1 but indeed, We found most of them defiantly disobedient.

我在曾派遣过使者的大多数的宗族中并未发现他们信守承诺,遵守真主所叮嘱之事,我未曾看到他们服从真主的命令,我发现他们大多数人都没有服从真主。

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ثُمَّ بَعَثۡنَا مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِم مُّوسَىٰ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ إِلَىٰ فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَمَلَإِيْهِۦ فَظَلَمُواْ بِهَاۖ فَٱنظُرۡ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ ١٠٣

Then We sent after them Moses with Our signs to Pharaoh and his establishment, but they were unjust toward them.1 So see how was the end of the corrupters.

之后,我继这些使者们之后,派遣穆萨(愿主赐他平安)带着我的许多迹象,来到法老和他的宗族跟前。但他们不相信这些迹象并否认它。使者啊!你看看法老和他的宗族的下场是怎样的。真主将他们淹死,伴随他们的还有今后两世的诅咒。

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وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ يَٰفِرۡعَوۡنُ إِنِّي رَسُولٞ مِّن رَّبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٠٤

And Moses said, "O Pharaoh, I am a messenger from the Lord of the worlds

当真主派遣穆萨来到法老跟前时,穆萨对他说:“法老啊!我是众生的创造者、掌握者和裁决者的主派来的使者。”

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حَقِيقٌ عَلَىٰٓ أَن لَّآ أَقُولَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ إِلَّا ٱلۡحَقَّۚ قَدۡ جِئۡتُكُم بِبَيِّنَةٖ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ فَأَرۡسِلۡ مَعِيَ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ١٠٥

[Who is] obligated not to say about Allāh except the truth. I have come to you with clear evidence from your Lord, so send with me the Children of Israel."1

穆萨说:“当我身为使者被派遣之时,我就只应借真主的名义而宣言真理。我确已为你们带来能证明我的忠诚和我是来自于你们主的使者的明证。故你应从奴役和压迫上释放以色列的后裔,让他们与我一道离开。”

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قَالَ إِن كُنتَ جِئۡتَ بِـَٔايَةٖ فَأۡتِ بِهَآ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ ١٠٦

[Pharaoh] said, "If you have come with a sign, then bring it forth, if you should be of the truthful."

法老对穆萨说:“如果你带来了所妄言的迹象,那就显示给我们吧,如果你是诚实之人。”

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فَأَلۡقَىٰ عَصَاهُ فَإِذَا هِيَ ثُعۡبَانٞ مُّبِينٞ ١٠٧

So he [i.e., Moses] threw his staff, and suddenly it was a serpent, manifest.1

于是,穆萨抛下手杖,它就变成了一条人人都能看得到的巨蟒。

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وَنَزَعَ يَدَهُۥ فَإِذَا هِيَ بَيۡضَآءُ لِلنَّٰظِرِينَ ١٠٨

And he drew out his hand; thereupon it was white [with radiance] for the observers.

他将手从怀中或腋下抽出,那只手洁白无瑕,所见之人都能看到它发出的耀眼的白光。

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قَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ مِن قَوۡمِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَسَٰحِرٌ عَلِيمٞ ١٠٩

Said the eminent among the people of Pharaoh, "Indeed, this is a learned magician

当权贵和领袖们看到穆萨的手杖变成一条巨蟒,并看到他的手逐渐变得洁白无瑕时,他们说:“穆萨只是一位身怀绝技的魔术师。”

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يُرِيدُ أَن يُخۡرِجَكُم مِّنۡ أَرۡضِكُمۡۖ فَمَاذَا تَأۡمُرُونَ ١١٠

Who wants to expel you from your land [through magic], so what do you instruct?"

他的目的就是想把你们从这块土地,即埃及驱逐出去。之后,法老对于穆萨(愿主赐他平安)的事,与他们商量说:“你们对此有何建议呢?”

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قَالُوٓاْ أَرۡجِهۡ وَأَخَاهُ وَأَرۡسِلۡ فِي ٱلۡمَدَآئِنِ حَٰشِرِينَ ١١١

They said,1 "Postpone [the matter of] him and his brother and send among the cities gatherers

他们对法老说:“请你拖延穆萨和其兄长哈伦,并派员到埃及的各个城市,招募魔术师。

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يَأۡتُوكَ بِكُلِّ سَٰحِرٍ عَلِيمٖ ١١٢

Who will bring you every learned magician."

被派到各地进行招募的这些人就会带来最高明的魔术师了。”

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وَجَآءَ ٱلسَّحَرَةُ فِرۡعَوۡنَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّ لَنَا لَأَجۡرًا إِن كُنَّا نَحۡنُ ٱلۡغَٰلِبِينَ ١١٣

And the magicians came to Pharaoh. They said, "Indeed for us is a reward if we are the predominant."

于是,法老派员到各地招募,当魔术师们汇集在法老跟前时,他们问到:“如果有谁能以魔术战胜穆萨,他会获得奖赏吗?”

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قَالَ نَعَمۡ وَإِنَّكُمۡ لَمِنَ ٱلۡمُقَرَّبِينَ ١١٤

He said, "Yes, and, [moreover], you will be among those made near [to me]."

法老回答他们说:“是的,你们会有奖赏和报酬的,并且你们将成为亲信之列。”

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قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِمَّآ أَن تُلۡقِيَ وَإِمَّآ أَن نَّكُونَ نَحۡنُ ٱلۡمُلۡقِينَ ١١٥

They said, "O Moses, either you throw [your staff], or we will be the ones to throw [first]."

魔术师自以为一定会战胜穆萨,故骄傲自大地对他说:“穆萨啊!你来选择,是你首先抛下手杖还是我们先开始呢?”

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قَالَ أَلۡقُواْۖ فَلَمَّآ أَلۡقَوۡاْ سَحَرُوٓاْ أَعۡيُنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَٱسۡتَرۡهَبُوهُمۡ وَجَآءُو بِسِحۡرٍ عَظِيمٖ ١١٦

He said, "Throw," and when they threw, they bewitched the eyes of the people and struck terror into them, and they presented a great [feat of] magic.1

穆萨坚信他的主能胜利,因此不屑地对他们说:“你们先扔你们的绳子或手杖吧。”当他们扔下道具,以误导众人的手法而迷惑了他们的眼睛,并恐吓他们。他们给观看者带来了强大的魔术表演。

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۞ وَأَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰٓ أَنۡ أَلۡقِ عَصَاكَۖ فَإِذَا هِيَ تَلۡقَفُ مَا يَأۡفِكُونَ ١١٧

And We inspired to Moses, "Throw your staff," and at once it devoured what they were falsifying.

真主启示祂的使者穆萨(愿主赐其平安):“穆萨啊!你把手杖抛出吧。”于是,他抛出了手杖,手杖立刻变成了一条巨蟒,吞噬了魔术师们曾用来迷惑众人而以为是大蛇的绳子和手杖等道具。

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فَوَقَعَ ٱلۡحَقُّ وَبَطَلَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١١٨

So the truth was established, and abolished was what they were doing.

于是,真理已昭著,并证明了穆萨所带来的使命的正确,也阐明了魔术师们的魔术确是虚妄之事。

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فَغُلِبُواْ هُنَالِكَ وَٱنقَلَبُواْ صَٰغِرِينَ ١١٩

And they [i.e., Pharaoh and his people] were overcome right there and became debased.

魔术师们被战胜了,他们失败了。穆萨在那一刻获得了胜利。他们完全败北了。

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وَأُلۡقِيَ ٱلسَّحَرَةُ سَٰجِدِينَ ١٢٠

And the magicians fell down in prostration [to Allāh].

当魔术师们亲眼目睹了真主的大能,看到了明显的迹象,他们立刻俯首,向真主叩头。

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قَالُوٓاْ ءَامَنَّا بِرَبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٢١

They said, "We have believed in the Lord of the worlds,

魔术师们说:“我们归信众世界的主。”

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رَبِّ مُوسَىٰ وَهَٰرُونَ ١٢٢

The Lord of Moses and Aaron."

穆萨和哈伦的主,是最应值得崇拜的。

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قَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنُ ءَامَنتُم بِهِۦ قَبۡلَ أَنۡ ءَاذَنَ لَكُمۡۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكۡرٞ مَّكَرۡتُمُوهُ فِي ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ لِتُخۡرِجُواْ مِنۡهَآ أَهۡلَهَاۖ فَسَوۡفَ تَعۡلَمُونَ ١٢٣

Said Pharaoh, "You believed in him1 before I gave you permission. Indeed, this is a conspiracy which you conspired in the city to expel therefrom its people. But you are going to know.

当他们信仰真主独一无二时,法老恐吓他们说:“你们未经我的允可,就信仰穆萨了吗?你们对他的信仰和相信他所带来的就是一个预谋和诡计,你们和穆萨如此安排就是为了将城中的居民驱赶出去。魔术师们啊!你们将会看到所遭受的惩罚和处置。

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لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيۡدِيَكُمۡ وَأَرۡجُلَكُم مِّنۡ خِلَٰفٖ ثُمَّ لَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمۡ أَجۡمَعِينَ ١٢٤

I will surely cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides; then I will surely crucify you all."

我将把你们每一个人的右手和左脚,或左手和右脚砍去,之后,我将你们全部挂在椰枣树的树枝上,以示效尤。

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قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّآ إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا مُنقَلِبُونَ ١٢٥

They said, "Indeed, to our Lord we will return.

魔术师们反驳法老的恐吓说:“我们只回归于真主,我们对你的恐吓毫不畏惧。”

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وَمَا تَنقِمُ مِنَّآ إِلَّآ أَنۡ ءَامَنَّا بِـَٔايَٰتِ رَبِّنَا لَمَّا جَآءَتۡنَاۚ رَبَّنَآ أَفۡرِغۡ عَلَيۡنَا صَبۡرٗا وَتَوَفَّنَا مُسۡلِمِينَ ١٢٦

And you do not resent us except because we believed in the signs of our Lord when they came to us. Our Lord, pour upon us patience1 and let us die as Muslims [in submission to You]."

法老啊!你完全不理解我们,你只是发现当我们的主的迹象降示给穆萨时,我们信仰了它。如果这也能称之为是过错,那这就是我们的过错了。之后,他们面向真主,虔诚的祈求道:“我们的主啊!求你把坚忍倾注于我们的心中,以便我们坚定于正道上。求你使我们在顺服、服从你的命令,追随你的使者的情况下归真。”

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وَقَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ مِن قَوۡمِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ أَتَذَرُ مُوسَىٰ وَقَوۡمَهُۥ لِيُفۡسِدُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَيَذَرَكَ وَءَالِهَتَكَۚ قَالَ سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبۡنَآءَهُمۡ وَنَسۡتَحۡيِۦ نِسَآءَهُمۡ وَإِنَّا فَوۡقَهُمۡ قَٰهِرُونَ ١٢٧

And the eminent among the people of Pharaoh said, "Will you leave Moses and his people to cause corruption in the land and abandon you and your gods?" [Pharaoh] said, "We will kill their sons and keep their women alive; and indeed, we are subjugators over them."

法老宗族中的权贵和领袖们煽动法老来对付穆萨和追随他的信士们,并对他说:“法老啊!难道你想放任穆萨和他的宗族在大地上作恶,并使他撇开你和你的神灵而崇拜独一无二的真主吗?”法老说:“我将杀掉以色列后裔中的男性,而保留他们的妇女来服侍我们。我们确是制约、奴役和统治他们的。”

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قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِ ٱسۡتَعِينُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱصۡبِرُوٓاْۖ إِنَّ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦۖ وَٱلۡعَٰقِبَةُ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١٢٨

Said Moses to his people, "Seek help through Allāh and be patient. Indeed, the earth belongs to Allāh. He causes to inherit it whom He wills of His servants. And the [best] outcome is for the righteous."

穆萨嘱咐他的族人们说:“我的宗族啊!你们只向真主祈求援助,求祂使你们避免灾祸,求祂为你们带来福利。你们对所遭遇的考验应忍耐。大地确是真主的,它的统治权不属于法老或他人,真主使祂意欲之人继承大地。在大地上的优美结局只属于遵循真主命令,远离真主禁令的信士们,即使他们曾经历过考验和磨难。”

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قَالُوٓاْ أُوذِينَا مِن قَبۡلِ أَن تَأۡتِيَنَا وَمِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جِئۡتَنَاۚ قَالَ عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمۡ أَن يُهۡلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَخۡلِفَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرَ كَيۡفَ تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٢٩

They said, "We have been harmed before you came to us and after you have come to us." He said, "Perhaps your Lord will destroy your enemy and grant you succession in the land and see how you will do."

以色列的后裔、穆萨宗族中有人对穆萨说:“穆萨啊!在你来到我们这里之前,我们经受了法老对我们的考验,他们屠杀我们的孩子们,留下妇女。你来之后,我们依旧如此。”穆萨劝告他们,并以成功而向他报喜说:“但愿你们的主毁灭你们的敌人——法老和他的宗族,并使你们成为继他们之后大地上的代治者,那就看看你们是怎样工作的,是感谢还是背叛呢?”

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وَلَقَدۡ أَخَذۡنَآ ءَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ بِٱلسِّنِينَ وَنَقۡصٖ مِّنَ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَذَّكَّرُونَ ١٣٠

And We certainly seized1 the people of Pharaoh with years of famine and a deficiency in fruits that perhaps they would be reminded.

我确已用荒年和欠收来惩罚法老的宗族,我以土地的欠收而考验他们,希望他们以此觉悟,这是不信道者的下场,故他们应向真主忏悔。

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فَإِذَا جَآءَتۡهُمُ ٱلۡحَسَنَةُ قَالُواْ لَنَا هَٰذِهِۦۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ سَيِّئَةٞ يَطَّيَّرُواْ بِمُوسَىٰ وَمَن مَّعَهُۥٓۗ أَلَآ إِنَّمَا طَٰٓئِرُهُمۡ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٣١

But when good [i.e., provision] came to them, they said, "This is ours [by right]." And if a bad [condition] struck them, they saw an evil omen in Moses and those with him. Unquestionably, their fortune is with Allāh, but most of them do not know.

如果法老的宗族遇上风调雨顺、果实丰收和价格低廉时,就会说:“我们所获得的一切都是我们应得的,并专属于我们。”如果他们遭遇干旱无雨、或疾病肆虐,或其它的灾难时,他们又将这些归咎于穆萨和以色列的后裔。事实上,他们所遭受的一切都是真主注定的,他们和穆萨对此都无可奈何,除非是穆萨的祈祷。但是他们中大多数人并不知道,故他们将此归于真主以外的他物。

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وَقَالُواْ مَهۡمَا تَأۡتِنَا بِهِۦ مِنۡ ءَايَةٖ لِّتَسۡحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحۡنُ لَكَ بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٣٢

And they said, "No matter what sign you bring us with which to bewitch us, we will not be believers in you."

法老的宗族仍执迷不悟地对穆萨说:“你无论拿来什么迹象和证据,或任何能推翻我们信仰的实证来让我们相信你,我们也绝不会信仰你的。”

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فَأَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلطُّوفَانَ وَٱلۡجَرَادَ وَٱلۡقُمَّلَ وَٱلضَّفَادِعَ وَٱلدَّمَ ءَايَٰتٖ مُّفَصَّلَٰتٖ فَٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ وَكَانُواْ قَوۡمٗا مُّجۡرِمِينَ ١٣٣

So We sent upon them the flood and locusts and lice and frogs and blood as distinct signs, but they were arrogant and were a criminal people.

于是,我针对他们的否认和叛逆而降下水灾来惩罚他们,大水淹没了他们的田地和果实;我降下蝗灾,吃掉他们的庄稼;我降下虱子,来侵扰他们的农作物,并粘附于人类的头发上滋扰人类;我降下青蛙,充满他们的容器,并破坏他们的食物,干扰他们的休息;我降下血液,因此他们的井里、河里到处都是血液。我连续不断的降下这些灾难就是作为明证,他们遭受的所有惩罚都源于自大、拒绝信仰真主并拒绝承认穆萨所带来的使命。他们曾是犯罪之人,他们没有放弃作恶,故他们得不到正道。

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وَلَمَّا وَقَعَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلرِّجۡزُ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَى ٱدۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ بِمَا عَهِدَ عِندَكَۖ لَئِن كَشَفۡتَ عَنَّا ٱلرِّجۡزَ لَنُؤۡمِنَنَّ لَكَ وَلَنُرۡسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ١٣٤

And when the punishment descended upon them, they said, "O Moses, invoke for us your Lord by what He has promised you. If you [can] remove the punishment from us, we will surely believe you, and we will send with you the Children of Israel."

当他们遭受了这些惩罚之后,他们来到穆萨跟前,对他说:“穆萨啊!你的主特选你肩负使命,并允诺你以忏悔而解除惩罚,那请你祈求你的主,为我们解除所遭受的惩罚吧!如果惩罚解除,那么,我们就会信仰你,就会释放以色列的后裔,让他们随你一道去。”

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فَلَمَّا كَشَفۡنَا عَنۡهُمُ ٱلرِّجۡزَ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ هُم بَٰلِغُوهُ إِذَا هُمۡ يَنكُثُونَ ١٣٥

But when We removed the punishment from them until a term which they were to reach,1 then at once they broke their word.

当我在淹死他们之前,暂时为他们解除了一段时间的惩罚时,他们破坏了约定,拒绝信仰,并拒绝释放以色列后裔。他们仍坚持不信道,并阻止以色列的后裔与穆萨一道离去。

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فَٱنتَقَمۡنَا مِنۡهُمۡ فَأَغۡرَقۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡيَمِّ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُواْ عَنۡهَا غَٰفِلِينَ ١٣٦

So We took retribution from them, and We drowned them in the sea because they denied Our signs and were heedless of them.

当毁灭他们的时机到来之时,我因他们否认真主的迹象,拒绝信仰毋庸置疑的真理而惩治他们,使他们沉沦于海中。

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وَأَوۡرَثۡنَا ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَانُواْ يُسۡتَضۡعَفُونَ مَشَٰرِقَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَغَٰرِبَهَا ٱلَّتِي بَٰرَكۡنَا فِيهَاۖ وَتَمَّتۡ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُواْۖ وَدَمَّرۡنَا مَا كَانَ يَصۡنَعُ فِرۡعَوۡنُ وَقَوۡمُهُۥ وَمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡرِشُونَ ١٣٧

And We caused the people who had been oppressed to inherit the eastern regions of the land and the western ones, which We had blessed. And the good word [i.e., decree] of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel because of what they had patiently endured. And We destroyed [all] that Pharaoh and his people were producing and what they had been building.

我使曾受尽法老和其宗族欺负的以色列的后裔继承了大地的东、西方。这里指的是沙姆地区。这是一块真主赐福的吉祥之地,它盛产各种各样的农作物和果实。使者啊!总你的养主的语言优美动听,正如他所言:“我要把恩典赏赐给大地上受欺负的人,我要以他们为表率,我要以他们为继承者。”(故事章:5)故真主因以色列的后裔坚忍了法老和他的宗族对他们的欺负,使他们在大地上安居乐业,我毁灭了法老的庄稼和他们修建的宫殿式的房屋。

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وَجَٰوَزۡنَا بِبَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ فَأَتَوۡاْ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ يَعۡكُفُونَ عَلَىٰٓ أَصۡنَامٖ لَّهُمۡۚ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَى ٱجۡعَل لَّنَآ إِلَٰهٗا كَمَا لَهُمۡ ءَالِهَةٞۚ قَالَ إِنَّكُمۡ قَوۡمٞ تَجۡهَلُونَ ١٣٨

And We took the Children of Israel across the sea; then they came upon a people intent in devotion to [some] idols of theirs. They [the Children of Israel] said, "O Moses, make for us a god just as they have gods." He said, "Indeed, you are a people behaving ignorantly.

当穆萨用手杖敲打海面,海水分开,我使以色列的后裔渡过海去。他们经过了一些舍真主而崇拜偶像的民众,以色列的后裔对穆萨说:“穆萨啊!请你为我们设置一个像这些人一样,舍真主而崇拜的偶像吧!”穆萨对他们说:“我的宗族啊!你们对尊崇真主和认主独一确是无知的民众,祂应是唯一崇拜的主。”

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إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ مُتَبَّرٞ مَّا هُمۡ فِيهِ وَبَٰطِلٞ مَّا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٣٩

Indeed, those [worshippers] - destroyed is that in which they are [engaged], and worthless is whatever they were doing."

这些舍真主而崇拜偶像的民众,他们确是要被毁灭的;他们以物配主而立行的善功确是无效的。

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قَالَ أَغَيۡرَ ٱللَّهِ أَبۡغِيكُمۡ إِلَٰهٗا وَهُوَ فَضَّلَكُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٤٠

He said, "Is it other than Allāh I should desire for you as a god1 while He has preferred you over the worlds?"

穆萨对他的宗族说:“我的宗族啊!你们已亲眼目睹了真主的伟大迹象,祂是清高伟大的主,祂使你们在那个时代超越世人,并恩赐你们而毁灭了你们的仇敌、使你们成为大地上的代治者并在此安居乐业,我怎么能够舍真主而为你们另寻神灵而崇拜呢?”

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وَإِذۡ أَنجَيۡنَٰكُم مِّنۡ ءَالِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ يَسُومُونَكُمۡ سُوٓءَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ يُقَتِّلُونَ أَبۡنَآءَكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَحۡيُونَ نِسَآءَكُمۡۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكُم بَلَآءٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ عَظِيمٞ ١٤١

And [recall, O Children of Israel], when We saved you from the people of Pharaoh, [who were] afflicting you with the worst torment - killing your sons and keeping your women alive. And in that was a great trial from your Lord.

以色列的后裔啊!你们应谨记:当时我从虐待你们的法老和他的宗族手中拯救了你们。因为他们使你们遭受各种酷刑,屠杀你们的男性,而保留你们的妇女来服侍他们。你们的主从法老和他宗族手中拯救了你们是对你们的巨大考验,值得你们去感谢。

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۞ وَوَٰعَدۡنَا مُوسَىٰ ثَلَٰثِينَ لَيۡلَةٗ وَأَتۡمَمۡنَٰهَا بِعَشۡرٖ فَتَمَّ مِيقَٰتُ رَبِّهِۦٓ أَرۡبَعِينَ لَيۡلَةٗۚ وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِأَخِيهِ هَٰرُونَ ٱخۡلُفۡنِي فِي قَوۡمِي وَأَصۡلِحۡ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ سَبِيلَ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ ١٤٢

And We made an appointment with Moses for thirty nights and perfected them by [the addition of] ten; so the term of his Lord was completed as forty nights. And Moses said to his brother Aaron, "Take my place among my people, do right [by them],1 and do not follow the way of the corrupters."

真主与穆萨约期三十夜,后真主增加了十天,共计四十夜。当穆萨离开去赴约时,对他的兄弟哈伦说:“哈伦啊!请你替我统帅我的宗族,请你以好的政策改善他们的事务。你不要做违法乱纪之事而步入作恶者的道路,你不要成那为非作歹之人的帮凶。”

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وَلَمَّا جَآءَ مُوسَىٰ لِمِيقَٰتِنَا وَكَلَّمَهُۥ رَبُّهُۥ قَالَ رَبِّ أَرِنِيٓ أَنظُرۡ إِلَيۡكَۚ قَالَ لَن تَرَىٰنِي وَلَٰكِنِ ٱنظُرۡ إِلَى ٱلۡجَبَلِ فَإِنِ ٱسۡتَقَرَّ مَكَانَهُۥ فَسَوۡفَ تَرَىٰنِيۚ فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّىٰ رَبُّهُۥ لِلۡجَبَلِ جَعَلَهُۥ دَكّٗا وَخَرَّ مُوسَىٰ صَعِقٗاۚ فَلَمَّآ أَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبۡحَٰنَكَ تُبۡتُ إِلَيۡكَ وَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١٤٣

And when Moses arrived at Our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him, he said, "My Lord, show me [Yourself] that I may look at You." [Allāh] said, "You will not see Me,1 but look at the mountain; if it should remain in place, then you will see Me." But when his Lord appeared to the mountain, He rendered it level,2 and Moses fell unconscious. And when he awoke, he said, "Exalted are You! I have repented to You, and I am the first [among my people] of the believers."3

当穆萨与他的养主如期赴会整整四十夜,他的主对他谈了所有的命令、禁令和其它事务,他的内心渴望目睹真主的尊容,于是,他请求他的养主能否见他一面,伟大清高的主回答他说:“你在今世中绝对看不见我,因为你无此能力。但是你看那座山,如果我的光华显露,它能在它的位置上坚定,不受影响,那么,你就会看见我。当真主对那座山微露光华时,他将那座山夷为平地。而穆萨也昏倒在地。当他苏醒时,他说:“我的主啊!我赞颂你超绝万物,我以曾请求在今世中目睹你的尊容而向你忏悔,我是我的宗族中首先信道之人。”

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قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنِّي ٱصۡطَفَيۡتُكَ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ بِرِسَٰلَٰتِي وَبِكَلَٰمِي فَخُذۡ مَآ ءَاتَيۡتُكَ وَكُن مِّنَ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ ١٤٤

[Allāh] said, "O Moses, I have chosen you over the people with My messages and My words [to you]. So take what I have given you and be among the grateful."

真主对穆萨说:“穆萨啊!当我派遣你为他们的使者,并以我的使命而拣选你、使你超越于世人;我恩赐你无障碍地与我交流,你应抓住我所给予你的这份荣耀,成为感谢真主之人。”

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وَكَتَبۡنَا لَهُۥ فِي ٱلۡأَلۡوَاحِ مِن كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ مَّوۡعِظَةٗ وَتَفۡصِيلٗا لِّكُلِّ شَيۡءٖ فَخُذۡهَا بِقُوَّةٖ وَأۡمُرۡ قَوۡمَكَ يَأۡخُذُواْ بِأَحۡسَنِهَاۚ سَأُوْرِيكُمۡ دَارَ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ ١٤٥

And We wrote for him on the tablets [something] of all things - instruction and explanation for all things, [saying], "Take them with determination and order your people to take the best of it. I will show you the home of the defiantly disobedient."1

我为穆萨将以色列的后裔所需的一切今世和宗教事务写在木片或其它东西上面,以便他们受教,并加以详述。穆萨啊!你应努力地抓住这部《讨拉特》,并要求你的宗族——以色列的后裔很好地按照它去做,并以此获得巨大的报酬。如:尽善尽美地完成受命之事,又如:坚忍和宽恕。我将让你们看到违反我的命令和不顺服于我的人的惩罚,他们将遭受灭顶之灾。

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سَأَصۡرِفُ عَنۡ ءَايَٰتِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَكَبَّرُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بِغَيۡرِ ٱلۡحَقِّ وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ كُلَّ ءَايَةٖ لَّا يُؤۡمِنُواْ بِهَا وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ سَبِيلَ ٱلرُّشۡدِ لَا يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلٗا وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ سَبِيلَ ٱلۡغَيِّ يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُواْ عَنۡهَا غَٰفِلِينَ ١٤٦

I will turn away from My signs those who are arrogant upon the earth without right; and if they should see every sign, they will not believe in it. And if they see the way of consciousness,1 they will not adopt it as a way; but if they see the way of error, they will adopt it as a way. That is because they have denied Our signs and they were heedless of them.

我将以我的迹象和对我的经典的理解,在各地和人的内心中做以考验。至于那些在真主的众仆面前盛气凌人并将非真理凌驾于真理之上的人,他们即使看到迹象,也不会相信,也会加以拒绝。他们否认真主和祂的使者,即使看到通往真主喜悦的正道也不会行走于上,更不会渴望;如果他们看到通往真主恼怒的歪门邪道,必会行走于上,那是因为他们忽视了观察,而否认能证实众使者使命的真主的伟大迹象。

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وَٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا وَلِقَآءِ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ حَبِطَتۡ أَعۡمَٰلُهُمۡۚ هَلۡ يُجۡزَوۡنَ إِلَّا مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٤٧

Those who denied Our signs and the meeting of the Hereafter - their deeds have become worthless. Are they recompensed except for what they used to do?

否认能证实众使者使命真实性的真主迹象之人,他们也否认在复活日将与真主相遇,他们所做的顺服真主的善功全部无效,也不会以此获得报酬,因为该项善功已失去了它成立的条件,那就是信仰。他们在复活日只能获得曾否认真主并以物配主行为的报偿,那种报偿就是永居火狱。

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وَٱتَّخَذَ قَوۡمُ مُوسَىٰ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦ مِنۡ حُلِيِّهِمۡ عِجۡلٗا جَسَدٗا لَّهُۥ خُوَارٌۚ أَلَمۡ يَرَوۡاْ أَنَّهُۥ لَا يُكَلِّمُهُمۡ وَلَا يَهۡدِيهِمۡ سَبِيلًاۘ ٱتَّخَذُوهُ وَكَانُواْ ظَٰلِمِينَ ١٤٨

And the people of Moses made, after [his departure], from their ornaments a calf - an image having a lowing sound. Did they not see that it could neither speak to them nor guide them to a way? They took it [for worship], and they were wrongdoers.

穆萨的宗族在他离开,去与他的养主赴约之后,用他们的首饰打造了一个没有灵魂,只有声音的牛犊的空壳。难道他们不知道这个牛犊即不能与他们谈话,不能引导他们走上知觉或感觉的正道,也不能带给他们任何的福利或为他们阻挡灾祸吗?他们将牛犊视为神灵而崇拜,他们确是不义之人。

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وَلَمَّا سُقِطَ فِيٓ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَرَأَوۡاْ أَنَّهُمۡ قَدۡ ضَلُّواْ قَالُواْ لَئِن لَّمۡ يَرۡحَمۡنَا رَبُّنَا وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ١٤٩

And when regret overcame them1 and they saw that they had gone astray, they said, "If our Lord does not have mercy upon us and forgive us, we will surely be among the losers."

当他们后悔并知道自己将牛犊视为神灵而崇拜确已迷失了正道时,他们转向真主,并祈求道:“如果我们的养主不以佑助我们顺从祂而怜悯我们,不以我们曾崇拜牛犊而原谅我们,那我们必定成为今后两世中的亏折之人。”

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وَلَمَّا رَجَعَ مُوسَىٰٓ إِلَىٰ قَوۡمِهِۦ غَضۡبَٰنَ أَسِفٗا قَالَ بِئۡسَمَا خَلَفۡتُمُونِي مِنۢ بَعۡدِيٓۖ أَعَجِلۡتُمۡ أَمۡرَ رَبِّكُمۡۖ وَأَلۡقَى ٱلۡأَلۡوَاحَ وَأَخَذَ بِرَأۡسِ أَخِيهِ يَجُرُّهُۥٓ إِلَيۡهِۚ قَالَ ٱبۡنَ أُمَّ إِنَّ ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱسۡتَضۡعَفُونِي وَكَادُواْ يَقۡتُلُونَنِي فَلَا تُشۡمِتۡ بِيَ ٱلۡأَعۡدَآءَ وَلَا تَجۡعَلۡنِي مَعَ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٥٠

And when Moses returned to his people, angry and grieved, he said, "How wretched is that by which you have replaced me after [my departure]. Were you impatient over the matter of your Lord?" And he threw down the tablets and seized his brother by [the hair of] his head, pulling him toward him. [Aaron] said, "O son of my mother, indeed the people overpowered me and were about to kill me, so let not the enemies rejoice over me1 and do not place me among the wrongdoing people."

当穆萨从养主那里赴约回来,看到他的宗族崇拜牛犊,非常愤怒和悲伤地说:“我的宗族啊!我离开你们之后,你们代我治理的情况真糟糕啊!这些事能导致你们毁灭和犯罪啊!难道你们已厌倦等待我,而急于崇拜牛犊吗?”由于愤怒和悲伤,他使劲地扔掉了法版,他因兄弟哈伦在族人中间,看着他们崇拜牛犊而没有阻拦,于是他拽着他的头发和胡须,把他拉到身边。哈伦请求穆萨谅解,并抱歉地说:“我的胞弟啊!族人们认为我软弱,因此欺辱我,他们几乎杀了我呀。你就不要对我做出亲者痛、仇者快的处罚,也不要因为对我的恼怒,而使我成为舍真主而崇拜他物的不义之人。”

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قَالَ رَبِّ ٱغۡفِرۡ لِي وَلِأَخِي وَأَدۡخِلۡنَا فِي رَحۡمَتِكَۖ وَأَنتَ أَرۡحَمُ ٱلرَّٰحِمِينَ ١٥١

[Moses] said, "My Lord, forgive me and my brother and admit us into Your mercy, for You are the most merciful of the merciful."

于是,穆萨祈求他的养主说:“我的主啊!求你赦宥我和我的兄弟哈伦,求你使我们进入到你的慈恩中,并沐浴在你的慈恩里。我们的主啊!你是至仁至慈的主。”

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إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُواْ ٱلۡعِجۡلَ سَيَنَالُهُمۡ غَضَبٞ مِّن رَّبِّهِمۡ وَذِلَّةٞ فِي ٱلۡحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنۡيَاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجۡزِي ٱلۡمُفۡتَرِينَ ١٥٢

Indeed, those who took the calf [for worship] will obtain anger from their Lord and humiliation in the life of this world, and thus do We recompense the inventors [of falsehood].

至于奉牛犊为神而崇拜之人,他们将遭受真主的谴怒。他们因惹恼他们的养主而必将在今世受到凌辱。我将对假借真主名义撒谎之人做出类似的报偿。

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وَٱلَّذِينَ عَمِلُواْ ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِ ثُمَّ تَابُواْ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهَا وَءَامَنُوٓاْ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهَا لَغَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ١٥٣

But those who committed misdeeds and then repented after them and believed - indeed your Lord, thereafter, is Forgiving and Merciful.

至于以物配主,并犯下过错后,向真主忏悔,并虔诚信仰,痛改前非之人。使者啊!你的主对于在以物配主行为后,忏悔并回归到信仰之中,放弃作恶而顺从真主之人,确是至赦他们的罪行和过分行为的,祂确是至慈的主。

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وَلَمَّا سَكَتَ عَن مُّوسَى ٱلۡغَضَبُ أَخَذَ ٱلۡأَلۡوَاحَۖ وَفِي نُسۡخَتِهَا هُدٗى وَرَحۡمَةٞ لِّلَّذِينَ هُمۡ لِرَبِّهِمۡ يَرۡهَبُونَ ١٥٤

And when the anger subsided in Moses, he took up the tablets; and in their inscription was guidance and mercy for those who are fearful of their Lord.

当穆萨冷静下来,捡起因为生气而扔下的法版。这些法版是对敬畏真主之人在迷误中的指引和真理的阐述,是对他们的慈恩。

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وَٱخۡتَارَ مُوسَىٰ قَوۡمَهُۥ سَبۡعِينَ رَجُلٗا لِّمِيقَٰتِنَاۖ فَلَمَّآ أَخَذَتۡهُمُ ٱلرَّجۡفَةُ قَالَ رَبِّ لَوۡ شِئۡتَ أَهۡلَكۡتَهُم مِّن قَبۡلُ وَإِيَّٰيَۖ أَتُهۡلِكُنَا بِمَا فَعَلَ ٱلسُّفَهَآءُ مِنَّآۖ إِنۡ هِيَ إِلَّا فِتۡنَتُكَ تُضِلُّ بِهَا مَن تَشَآءُ وَتَهۡدِي مَن تَشَآءُۖ أَنتَ وَلِيُّنَا فَٱغۡفِرۡ لَنَا وَٱرۡحَمۡنَاۖ وَأَنتَ خَيۡرُ ٱلۡغَٰفِرِينَ ١٥٥

And Moses chose from his people seventy men for Our appointment.1 And when the earthquake seized them,2 he said, "My Lord, if You had willed, You could have destroyed them before and me [as well]. Would You destroy us for what the foolish among us have done? This is not but Your trial by which You send astray whom You will and guide whom You will. You are our Protector, so forgive us and have mercy upon us; and You are the best of forgivers.

穆萨从宗族中挑选出七十名良善之人,为他们中的无知者崇拜牛犊之事,来向他们的主致歉。真主约定他们来到约会地点。当他们到来后,忘乎所以,他们向穆萨提出要亲眼目睹真主的尊容。于是,地震袭击了他们,他们全部僵卧在地而死去。穆萨祈求他的养主说:“我的主啊!如果你在他们到来之前就想毁灭他们和我,那你就毁灭吧!难道你要为我们中的无知者的行为而毁灭我们吗?我的宗族崇拜牛犊一事,只是对你所意欲之人的考验和测试,你使所意欲之人迷误,也使所意欲之人获得引导。你是我们的监护者,求你饶恕我们的罪责,求你以你宽宏的仁慈怜悯我们,你是最善于饶恕罪责,原谅过错的主。”

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۞ وَٱكۡتُبۡ لَنَا فِي هَٰذِهِ ٱلدُّنۡيَا حَسَنَةٗ وَفِي ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ إِنَّا هُدۡنَآ إِلَيۡكَۚ قَالَ عَذَابِيٓ أُصِيبُ بِهِۦ مَنۡ أَشَآءُۖ وَرَحۡمَتِي وَسِعَتۡ كُلَّ شَيۡءٖۚ فَسَأَكۡتُبُهَا لِلَّذِينَ يَتَّقُونَ وَيُؤۡتُونَ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَٱلَّذِينَ هُم بِـَٔايَٰتِنَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٥٦

And decree for us in this world [that which is] good and [also] in the Hereafter; indeed, we have turned back to You." [Allāh] said, "My punishment - I afflict with it whom I will, but My mercy encompasses all things." So I will decree it [especially] for those who fear Me and give zakāh and those who believe in Our verses-

求你使我们成为你在今世中赏赐慈恩和宽恕,并佑助他们立行善功之人中的一员,使我们成为你在后世中为他们准备好乐园的你的清廉仆人中的一员。我们向你忏悔,我们承认自己的不足。伟大的真主说:“我的惩罚,只惩治我所意欲惩治之人。我的慈恩在今世中包罗万物,万物都能得到真主的恩赐,都能享受真主的恩惠和福利。在后世,我确将我的仁慈给予以遵循真主命令,远离真主禁令、完纳天课,并信仰我的迹象的敬畏者。”

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ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ ٱلرَّسُولَ ٱلنَّبِيَّ ٱلۡأُمِّيَّ ٱلَّذِي يَجِدُونَهُۥ مَكۡتُوبًا عِندَهُمۡ فِي ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةِ وَٱلۡإِنجِيلِ يَأۡمُرُهُم بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَيَنۡهَىٰهُمۡ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِ وَيُحِلُّ لَهُمُ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتِ وَيُحَرِّمُ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡخَبَٰٓئِثَ وَيَضَعُ عَنۡهُمۡ إِصۡرَهُمۡ وَٱلۡأَغۡلَٰلَ ٱلَّتِي كَانَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡۚ فَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ بِهِۦ وَعَزَّرُوهُ وَنَصَرُوهُ وَٱتَّبَعُواْ ٱلنُّورَ ٱلَّذِيٓ أُنزِلَ مَعَهُۥٓ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ١٥٧

Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered prophet, whom they find written [i.e., described] in what they have of the Torah and the Gospel, who enjoins upon them what is right and prohibits them from what is wrong and makes lawful for them what is good and forbids them from what is evil and relieves them of their burden1 and the shackles which were upon them.2 So they who have believed in him, honored him, supported him and followed the light which was sent down with him - it is those who will be the successful.

他们追随穆罕默德(愿主福安之),他是一个既不会读,也不会写的文盲使者。他的主启示他,他们在曾降示给穆萨的《讨拉特》里,曾降示给尔萨的《引支勒》里发现有关穆罕默德的名字和特征的记载。他命令人们去遵循正确的理性和天性中所认为的好的品质和道德,禁止人们作恶。他允许人们去尝试有益于人的佳美的食物、饮料和婚姻,禁止人们吃污秽的东西。他解除人们肩负的重担,如凶手必须抵命,不区分故意还是误杀。以色列的后裔中或其他人中信仰他的人,应尊崇他、尊重他,并在抵抗不信道者的战斗中援助他。你们应遵循降示给他的,如引领光明一样的《古兰经》。这等人确是心想事成,远离所畏惧之事的成功者。

Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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