Al-MukhtasarAt‑Tawbah · 9:75–129

Al-Mukhtasar · Tafsir · in Chinese

At-Tawbah 9:75–129

9:75Page 199

۞ وَمِنۡهُم مَّنۡ عَٰهَدَ ٱللَّهَ لَئِنۡ ءَاتَىٰنَا مِن فَضۡلِهِۦ لَنَصَّدَّقَنَّ وَلَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰلِحِينَ ٧٥

And among them are those who made a covenant with Allāh, [saying], "If He should give us from His bounty, we will surely spend in charity, and we will surely be among the righteous."

伪信士中有人对真主缔约,他说:“如果真主给予我们部分恩惠,那我们必定施舍给急需之人。那我们就会成为行为良善的清廉者了。”

9:76Page 199

فَلَمَّآ ءَاتَىٰهُم مِّن فَضۡلِهِۦ بَخِلُواْ بِهِۦ وَتَوَلَّواْ وَّهُم مُّعۡرِضُونَ ٧٦

But when He gave them from His bounty, they were stingy with it and turned away while they refused.

当真主将其恩惠给予他们时,他们并未守约,而是吝啬其财产,没有施舍,他们背信弃义,违背正道。

9:77Page 199

فَأَعۡقَبَهُمۡ نِفَاقٗا فِي قُلُوبِهِمۡ إِلَىٰ يَوۡمِ يَلۡقَوۡنَهُۥ بِمَآ أَخۡلَفُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا وَعَدُوهُ وَبِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡذِبُونَ ٧٧

So He penalized them with hypocrisy in their hearts until the Day they will meet Him - because they failed Allāh in what they promised Him and because they [habitually] used to lie.

故真主对他们的惩罚就是令伪信长存其心,直到复活日。这是对他们违背真主的盟约和欺骗的结果。

9:78Page 199

أَلَمۡ يَعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعۡلَمُ سِرَّهُمۡ وَنَجۡوَىٰهُمۡ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلَّٰمُ ٱلۡغُيُوبِ ٧٨

Did they not know that Allāh knows their secrets and their private conversations and that Allāh is the Knower of the unseen?

难道伪信士不知道真主彻知他们内心的阴谋和伎俩,是全知幽玄的主吗?真主是洞察一切的主,祂将依照他们的行为来报偿他们。

9:79Page 199

ٱلَّذِينَ يَلۡمِزُونَ ٱلۡمُطَّوِّعِينَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ فِي ٱلصَّدَقَٰتِ وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَجِدُونَ إِلَّا جُهۡدَهُمۡ فَيَسۡخَرُونَ مِنۡهُمۡ سَخِرَ ٱللَّهُ مِنۡهُمۡ وَلَهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ ٧٩

Those who criticize the contributors among the believers concerning [their] charities and [criticize] the ones who find nothing [to spend] except their effort, so they ridicule them - Allāh will ridicule them, and they will have a painful punishment.

那些嘲笑顺从的信士们或慷慨解囊,或有力出力,他们嘲笑的说:“他们的施舍算什么?”真主将因他们嘲笑信士而惩罚他们,他们将受到痛苦的刑罚。

9:80Page 200

ٱسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ أَوۡ لَا تَسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ إِن تَسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَهُمۡ سَبۡعِينَ مَرَّةٗ فَلَن يَغۡفِرَ ٱللَّهُ لَهُمۡۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ ٨٠

Ask forgiveness for them, [O Muḥammad], or do not ask forgiveness for them. If you should ask forgiveness for them seventy times - never will Allāh forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in Allāh and His Messenger, and Allāh does not guide the defiantly disobedient people.

使者啊!你可以为他们或不为他们求恕饶。即使你为他们祈求七十次,这里表示量多,真主也绝不会饶恕他们,因为他们否认真主和其使者。真主绝不佑助故意悖逆祂的教律之人。

9:81Page 200

فَرِحَ ٱلۡمُخَلَّفُونَ بِمَقۡعَدِهِمۡ خِلَٰفَ رَسُولِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَرِهُوٓاْ أَن يُجَٰهِدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَالُواْ لَا تَنفِرُواْ فِي ٱلۡحَرِّۗ قُلۡ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ أَشَدُّ حَرّٗاۚ لَّوۡ كَانُواْ يَفۡقَهُونَ ٨١

Those who remained behind1 rejoiced in their staying [at home] after [the departure of] the Messenger of Allāh and disliked to strive with their wealth and their lives in the cause of Allāh and said, "Do not go forth in the heat." Say, "The fire of Hell is more intense in heat" - if they would but understand.

塔布克战役中放弃参战而安坐在家中之人,他们违背真主的使者放弃为主道出征,他们憎恶像与之奋斗的信士们那样,用财产和生命为主道出征。他们对安坐在家中的伪信士兄弟们说:“你们不要在大热天里出征。”当时塔布克战役正处热天。使者啊!你对他们说:“等待伪信士的火狱中的火比你们所畏惧的热更炽热,如果他们知道。”

9:82Page 200

فَلۡيَضۡحَكُواْ قَلِيلٗا وَلۡيَبۡكُواْ كَثِيرٗا جَزَآءَۢ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ٨٢

So let them laugh a little and [then] weep much as recompense for what they used to earn.

让这些放弃参战的伪信士在这短暂的今世生活里暂露笑容,让他们在永恒的后世生活中不断哭泣。这是因为他们在今世中的不信道并作恶多端而遭到的回报。

9:83Page 200

فَإِن رَّجَعَكَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَىٰ طَآئِفَةٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ فَٱسۡتَـٔۡذَنُوكَ لِلۡخُرُوجِ فَقُل لَّن تَخۡرُجُواْ مَعِيَ أَبَدٗا وَلَن تُقَٰتِلُواْ مَعِيَ عَدُوًّاۖ إِنَّكُمۡ رَضِيتُم بِٱلۡقُعُودِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٖ فَٱقۡعُدُواْ مَعَ ٱلۡخَٰلِفِينَ ٨٣

If Allāh should return you to a faction of them [after the expedition] and then they ask your permission to go out [to battle], say, "You will not go out with me, ever, and you will never fight with me an enemy. Indeed, you were satisfied with sitting [at home] the first time, so sit [now] with those who stay behind."

先知啊!如果真主使你折回,去见坚持伪信的这伙伪信士,他们会要求你允许他们在下一次的战役中与你一道出征,那你就对他们说:“伪信士啊!你们永远不能与我一道为主道出征,这是对你们的惩罚。也是对你们与我一道会产生的不良影响的警示。你们既愿意安坐家中。不愿参加塔布克战役,那你们就与未出征的老弱病残妇孺一起安坐家中吧!”

9:84Page 200

وَلَا تُصَلِّ عَلَىٰٓ أَحَدٖ مِّنۡهُم مَّاتَ أَبَدٗا وَلَا تَقُمۡ عَلَىٰ قَبۡرِهِۦٓۖ إِنَّهُمۡ كَفَرُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَمَاتُواْ وَهُمۡ فَٰسِقُونَ ٨٤

And do not pray [the funeral prayer, O Muḥammad], over any of them who has died - ever - or stand at his grave. Indeed, they disbelieved in Allāh and His Messenger and died while they were defiantly disobedient.

使者啊!你永远不要为死去的伪信士举行殡礼,也不要站在他的坟头为其祈求恕饶。那是因为他们否认真主和其使者,他们在不信道的情况下死去。谁如此,就不要为其举行殡礼并为他祈求恕饶。

9:85Page 200

وَلَا تُعۡجِبۡكَ أَمۡوَٰلُهُمۡ وَأَوۡلَٰدُهُمۡۚ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ أَن يُعَذِّبَهُم بِهَا فِي ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَتَزۡهَقَ أَنفُسُهُمۡ وَهُمۡ كَٰفِرُونَ ٨٥

And let not their wealth and their children impress you. Allāh only intends to punish them through them in this world and that their souls should depart [at death] while they are disbelievers.

使者啊!你不要羡慕这些伪信士的财产和子女,因为真主将借此在今世惩罚他们,即他们千辛万苦地积攒并含辛茹苦地养育成人,而当他们死时,却在不信道的悖逆中死去。

9:86Page 200

وَإِذَآ أُنزِلَتۡ سُورَةٌ أَنۡ ءَامِنُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَجَٰهِدُواْ مَعَ رَسُولِهِ ٱسۡتَـٔۡذَنَكَ أُوْلُواْ ٱلطَّوۡلِ مِنۡهُمۡ وَقَالُواْ ذَرۡنَا نَكُن مَّعَ ٱلۡقَٰعِدِينَ ٨٦

And when a sūrah was revealed [enjoining them] to believe in Allāh and to fight with His Messenger, those of wealth among them asked your permission [to stay back] and said, "Leave us to be with them who sit [at home]."

如果真主为其使者穆罕默德(愿主福安之)降示一段章节,其中包括命人信仰真主,为主道奋斗。这时富裕或有钱人就会向你告假而放弃参战,他们会说:“让我们与有故的弱者和病人安坐在家中吧!”

9:87Page 201

رَضُواْ بِأَن يَكُونُواْ مَعَ ٱلۡخَوَالِفِ وَطُبِعَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمۡ فَهُمۡ لَا يَفۡقَهُونَ ٨٧

They were satisfied to be with those who stay behind, and their hearts were sealed over, so they do not understand.

当这些伪信士愿意与有故之人安坐家中时,就表明他们愿意身处卑贱和被人蔑视的地位。真主因他们的不信道和伪信行为封闭了他们的心,故他们分辨不出什么有利于他们。

9:88Page 201

لَٰكِنِ ٱلرَّسُولُ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَهُۥ جَٰهَدُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ وَأَنفُسِهِمۡۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمُ ٱلۡخَيۡرَٰتُۖ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلۡمُفۡلِحُونَ ٨٨

But the Messenger and those who believed with him fought with their wealth and their lives. Those will have [all that is] good and it is those who are the successful.

至于使者和与其一道的信士们并未像这些人一样安坐家中,放弃为主道奋斗。他们用财产和生命为主道奋斗。他们将获得真主给予他们的今世恩惠,如胜利和战利品,和后世的恩惠,如进入乐园,以及获得应允的成功和从恐惧中得以拯救。

9:89Page 201

أَعَدَّ ٱللَّهُ لَهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ ٨٩

Allāh has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide eternally. That is the great attainment.

真主为他们准备了下临诸河的乐园,他们将永居其中,那种 报偿确是无可比拟的伟大成功。

9:90Page 201

وَجَآءَ ٱلۡمُعَذِّرُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡأَعۡرَابِ لِيُؤۡذَنَ لَهُمۡ وَقَعَدَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَبُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥۚ سَيُصِيبُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ٩٠

And those with excuses among the bedouins came to be permitted [to remain], and they who had lied1 to Allāh and His Messenger sat [at home]. There will strike those who disbelieved among them a painful punishment.

麦地那以及周边的一些游牧民众来到真主的使者(愿主福安之)那里告假,请求允许他们不参战,放弃为主道奋斗。而另一些民众直接未告假而拒绝参战,因为他们不信任先知,不相信真主的允诺。这些人将因其不信道而受到痛苦的刑罚。

9:91Page 201

لَّيۡسَ عَلَى ٱلضُّعَفَآءِ وَلَا عَلَى ٱلۡمَرۡضَىٰ وَلَا عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَجِدُونَ مَا يُنفِقُونَ حَرَجٌ إِذَا نَصَحُواْ لِلَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦۚ مَا عَلَى ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ مِن سَبِيلٖۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٩١

There is not upon the weak or upon the ill or upon those who do not find anything to spend any discomfort [i.e., guilt] when they are sincere to Allāh and His Messenger. There is not upon the doers of good any cause [for blame]. And Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

对于妇女、儿童、病人、无能力者、盲人以及无钱备战的穷人,这些人放弃参战是无罪过的,因为他们都是有原因的,如果他们忠于真主和其使者,并依教律而执行。这些因故未参战的行善者,绝不会因此受罚。真主对行善者的过错确是至恕的,至慈的。

9:92Page 201

وَلَا عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ إِذَا مَآ أَتَوۡكَ لِتَحۡمِلَهُمۡ قُلۡتَ لَآ أَجِدُ مَآ أَحۡمِلُكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ تَوَلَّواْ وَّأَعۡيُنُهُمۡ تَفِيضُ مِنَ ٱلدَّمۡعِ حَزَنًا أَلَّا يَجِدُواْ مَا يُنفِقُونَ ٩٢

Nor [is there blame] upon those who, when they came to you for you to take them along, you said, "I can find nothing upon which to carry you."1 They turned back while their eyes overflowed with tears out of grief that they could not find something to spend [for the cause of Allāh].

使者啊!对于来到你跟前,向你借用牲口的未参战者也是无罪的。你当时对他们说:“我没有可供你们骑乘的牲口。”他们含泪而去,为没能从自己和你那里找到可备战的而感到遗憾。

9:93Page 201

۞ إِنَّمَا ٱلسَّبِيلُ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ يَسۡتَـٔۡذِنُونَكَ وَهُمۡ أَغۡنِيَآءُۚ رَضُواْ بِأَن يَكُونُواْ مَعَ ٱلۡخَوَالِفِ وَطَبَعَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمۡ فَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ٩٣

The cause [for blame] is only upon those who ask permission of you while they are rich. They are satisfied to be with those who stay behind, and Allāh has sealed over their hearts, so they do not know.

当提到不应受到惩罚的因故未参战人时,也提到了应受惩罚和责难之人。祂说:“使者啊!对于有能力备战而向你告假,放弃参战之人,他们理应受到惩罚和责难。他们愿意因安坐家中而使自己陷入被人鄙视和卑贱之中。”真主封闭了他们的心,故已麻木。因此他们不知选择有利于他们利益,远离有害于他们的事情。

9:94Page 202

يَعۡتَذِرُونَ إِلَيۡكُمۡ إِذَا رَجَعۡتُمۡ إِلَيۡهِمۡۚ قُل لَّا تَعۡتَذِرُواْ لَن نُّؤۡمِنَ لَكُمۡ قَدۡ نَبَّأَنَا ٱللَّهُ مِنۡ أَخۡبَارِكُمۡۚ وَسَيَرَى ٱللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمۡ وَرَسُولُهُۥ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَٰلِمِ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ ٩٤

They will make excuses to you when you have returned to them. Say, "Make no excuse - never will we believe you. Allāh has already informed us of your news [i.e., affair]. And Allāh will observe your deeds, and [so will] His Messenger; then you will be taken back to the Knower of the unseen and the witnessed,1 and He will inform you of what you used to do."

当穆斯林大军从战场上归来时,放弃参战的伪信士提出种种荒诞的借口。真主让先知和穆斯林对他们进行反驳:你们不要给自己找虚假的借口,我们绝不相信你们的话。真主已经让我们知晓了你们的心事。真主和使者在看,你们是忏悔而被真主接受呢,还是将继续阳奉阴违?然后,你们将回归到全知万事的主那里,祂将把你们的所作所为告诉你们,并给予你们相应的回报,故你们赶快忏悔和行善吧!

9:95Page 202

سَيَحۡلِفُونَ بِٱللَّهِ لَكُمۡ إِذَا ٱنقَلَبۡتُمۡ إِلَيۡهِمۡ لِتُعۡرِضُواْ عَنۡهُمۡۖ فَأَعۡرِضُواْ عَنۡهُمۡۖ إِنَّهُمۡ رِجۡسٞۖ وَمَأۡوَىٰهُمۡ جَهَنَّمُ جَزَآءَۢ بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ٩٥

They will swear by Allāh to you when you return to them that you would leave them alone. So leave them alone; indeed they are evil; and their refuge is Hell as recompense for what they had been earning.

信道的人们啊!当你们返回时,这些放弃参战的人将以真主的名义发誓,来肯定自己虚假的借口,以便阻止你们对他们的谴责,故你们当愤然离开他们,与他们断绝往来。他们确是一些肮脏的,心灵阴暗的人。他们将来的居所是火狱,这是对他们伪信和罪恶的报应。

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يَحۡلِفُونَ لَكُمۡ لِتَرۡضَوۡاْ عَنۡهُمۡۖ فَإِن تَرۡضَوۡاْ عَنۡهُمۡ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَرۡضَىٰ عَنِ ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ ٩٦

They swear to you so that you might be satisfied with them. But if you should be satisfied with them - indeed, Allāh is not satisfied with a defiantly disobedient people.

信道的人们啊!这些放弃参战的人对你们发誓,以便你们喜欢他们,并接受他们的借口。你们不要喜欢他们,如果你们喜欢他们,你们确已违抗了你们的主。真主不喜欢那些否认真主、阳奉阴违的离经叛道者。穆斯林们啊!你们当警惕,不要喜欢真主不喜悦的人。

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ٱلۡأَعۡرَابُ أَشَدُّ كُفۡرٗا وَنِفَاقٗا وَأَجۡدَرُ أَلَّا يَعۡلَمُواْ حُدُودَ مَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٞ ٩٧

The bedouins are stronger in disbelief and hypocrisy and more likely not to know the limits of what [laws] Allāh has revealed to His Messenger. And Allāh is Knowing and Wise.

游牧人一旦否认或伪信,要比定居者更严重。他们对宗教更无知,也不了解真主启示给先知的各项主命、圣行和教律。因为他们粗俗无礼,与外界很少交往。真主最了解他们的情况,任何事都瞒不过真主,真主的安排和规定是睿智的。

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وَمِنَ ٱلۡأَعۡرَابِ مَن يَتَّخِذُ مَا يُنفِقُ مَغۡرَمٗا وَيَتَرَبَّصُ بِكُمُ ٱلدَّوَآئِرَۚ عَلَيۡهِمۡ دَآئِرَةُ ٱلسَّوۡءِۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٞ ٩٨

And among the bedouins are some who consider what they spend as a loss1 and await for you turns of misfortune. Upon them will be a misfortune of evil. And Allāh is Hearing and Knowing.

伪信的游牧人中有人认为,为主道施舍钱财是亏损。因为他们认为施舍不会得到回报,而不施舍也不会遭到惩罚。尽管如此,他们常常出于沽名而施舍。信道的人们啊!伪信士期待你们遭难,从而摆脱你们。但真主使他们所希望的灾难和厄运降临到他们身上,而不是降临到信士身上。真主全听他们的言论,全知他们的心事。

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وَمِنَ ٱلۡأَعۡرَابِ مَن يُؤۡمِنُ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَيَتَّخِذُ مَا يُنفِقُ قُرُبَٰتٍ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَصَلَوَٰتِ ٱلرَّسُولِۚ أَلَآ إِنَّهَا قُرۡبَةٞ لَّهُمۡۚ سَيُدۡخِلُهُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِي رَحۡمَتِهِۦٓۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ ٩٩

But among the bedouins are some who believe in Allāh and the Last Day and consider what they spend as means of nearness to Allāh and of [obtaining] invocations of the Messenger. Unquestionably, it is a means of nearness for them. Allāh will admit them to His mercy. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

游牧人中有信仰真主和末日的人,他们将为主道施舍当作接近真主的功修和获得先知(原主福安之)祈祷和求恕的媒介。真的,他们的为主道施舍和先知为他们的祈祷在真主那里是近主的功修。他们将在真主那里获得回赐——真主将使他们获得无限的慈悯:饶恕和乐园。对于忏悔的仆人,真主确是至恕的和至慈的。

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وَٱلسَّٰبِقُونَ ٱلۡأَوَّلُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُهَٰجِرِينَ وَٱلۡأَنصَارِ وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّبَعُوهُم بِإِحۡسَٰنٖ رَّضِيَ ٱللَّهُ عَنۡهُمۡ وَرَضُواْ عَنۡهُ وَأَعَدَّ لَهُمۡ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي تَحۡتَهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَآ أَبَدٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ ١٠٠

And the first forerunners [in the faith] among the Muhājireen1 and the Anṣār2 and those who followed them with good conduct - Allāh is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him, and He has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide forever. That is the great attainment.

那些为了真主而积极信仰、背井离乡的迁士们,援助先知的辅士们,以及追随迁士和辅士,争先信仰并积极行善者,真主喜悦他们,接受他们的善功,他们也喜悦真主,真主将给予他们巨大的赏赐,为他们准备诸河流于其下的乐园,他们将永居其中,这种回报是伟大的成功。

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وَمِمَّنۡ حَوۡلَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأَعۡرَابِ مُنَٰفِقُونَۖ وَمِنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ مَرَدُواْ عَلَى ٱلنِّفَاقِ لَا تَعۡلَمُهُمۡۖ نَحۡنُ نَعۡلَمُهُمۡۚ سَنُعَذِّبُهُم مَّرَّتَيۡنِ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَذَابٍ عَظِيمٖ ١٠١

And among those around you of the bedouins are hypocrites, and [also] from the people of Madīnah. They have persisted in hypocrisy. You, [O Muḥammad], do not know them, [but] We know them. We will punish them twice [in this world]; then they will be returned to a great punishment.

麦地那周边的游牧人中有伪信士,麦地那人中也有伪信士,他们阳奉阴违,顽固不化。先知啊!你不知道他们,但真主知道他们。真主将惩罚他们两次:一次是在今世——揭露他们,杀戮他们,俘虏他们;另一次是在后世——让他们遭受坟墓的刑罚,在复活日让他们遭受重大的刑罚,进入火狱的最底层。

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وَءَاخَرُونَ ٱعۡتَرَفُواْ بِذُنُوبِهِمۡ خَلَطُواْ عَمَلٗا صَٰلِحٗا وَءَاخَرَ سَيِّئًا عَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَتُوبَ عَلَيۡهِمۡۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٌ ١٠٢

And [there are] others who have acknowledged their sins. They had mixed [i.e., polluted] a righteous deed with another that was bad.1 Perhaps Allāh will turn to them in forgiveness. Indeed, Allāh is Forgiving and Merciful.

麦地那人中还有另一些人,他们无缘无故地不参战,但他们承认自己的错误,没有为自己找借口,他们曾经干过很多善功:服从真主,恪守教律,为主道奋斗,但这次却犯了错误,他们希望得到真主的饶恕和原谅。对于忏悔的仆人,真主是至恕的、至慈的。

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خُذۡ مِنۡ أَمۡوَٰلِهِمۡ صَدَقَةٗ تُطَهِّرُهُمۡ وَتُزَكِّيهِم بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيۡهِمۡۖ إِنَّ صَلَوٰتَكَ سَكَنٞ لَّهُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ ١٠٣

Take, [O Muḥammad], from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cause them increase, and invoke [Allāh's blessings] upon them. Indeed, your invocations are reassurance for them. And Allāh is Hearing and Knowing.

使者啊!你从他们的财产中征收天课,借此为他们涤除罪恶的污垢,增加他们的善行。在征收天课之后,你当为他们祈祷。对他们来说,你的祈祷是一种慈悯和安慰。真主在倾听你的祈祷,并知晓他们的行为和举意。

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أَلَمۡ يَعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ يَقۡبَلُ ٱلتَّوۡبَةَ عَنۡ عِبَادِهِۦ وَيَأۡخُذُ ٱلصَّدَقَٰتِ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ١٠٤

Do they not know that it is Allāh who accepts repentance from His servants and receives charities and that it is Allāh who is the Accepting of Repentance,1 the Merciful?

以便放弃参战者和忏悔者知道,真主接受仆人的忏悔,也接受施舍(这件善功),尽管真主并不需要它。真主要以此回赐施舍者,清高的真主对于忏悔的仆人确是至恕的、至慈的。

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وَقُلِ ٱعۡمَلُواْ فَسَيَرَى ٱللَّهُ عَمَلَكُمۡ وَرَسُولُهُۥ وَٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَۖ وَسَتُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَٰلِمِ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٠٥

And say, "Do [as you will], for Allāh will see your deeds, and [so will] His Messenger and the believers. And you will be returned to the Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, and He will inform you of what you used to do."

使者啊!你对那些放弃参战者和忏悔者说:你们当弥补自己的过失,虔诚地为主工作,去做真主喜悦的事,真主及其使者和信士们将看见你们的工作,你们在复活日将被召归于全知万事的主,祂知道你们公开的和隐瞒的,祂将把你们在今世的工作告诉你们,并以此回报你们。

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وَءَاخَرُونَ مُرۡجَوۡنَ لِأَمۡرِ ٱللَّهِ إِمَّا يُعَذِّبُهُمۡ وَإِمَّا يَتُوبُ عَلَيۡهِمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٞ ١٠٦

And [there are] others deferred until the command of Allāh - whether He will punish them or whether He will forgive them. And Allāh is Knowing and Wise.

没有参加塔布克战役的人中还有另一些人,他们没有任何理由。这些人任由真主判决:要么执迷不悟,遭到真主的惩罚;要么诚心悔罪,得到真主的饶恕。真主知道谁应该遭到惩罚,谁应该得到原谅。真主的定制和安排是睿智的。这些人是:麦拉勒·本·拉比尔、克尔布·本·马立克、希拉勒·本·乌麦叶。

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وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُواْ مَسۡجِدٗا ضِرَارٗا وَكُفۡرٗا وَتَفۡرِيقَۢا بَيۡنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ وَإِرۡصَادٗا لِّمَنۡ حَارَبَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ مِن قَبۡلُۚ وَلَيَحۡلِفُنَّ إِنۡ أَرَدۡنَآ إِلَّا ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰۖ وَٱللَّهُ يَشۡهَدُ إِنَّهُمۡ لَكَٰذِبُونَ ١٠٧

And [there are] those [hypocrites] who took for themselves a mosque for causing harm and disbelief and division among the believers and as a station for whoever had warred against Allāh and His Messenger before. And they will surely swear, "We intended only the best." And Allāh testifies that indeed they are liars.

一些伪信士建造清真寺,不是为了崇拜真主,而是为了伤害穆斯林,宣扬悖信,加强伪信者的实力,分裂穆斯林,以此作为敌对真主及其使者的基地。这些伪信士必定向你们发誓:我们只想亲善穆斯林。真主作证,他们的这种说法是谎言。

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لَا تَقُمۡ فِيهِ أَبَدٗاۚ لَّمَسۡجِدٌ أُسِّسَ عَلَى ٱلتَّقۡوَىٰ مِنۡ أَوَّلِ يَوۡمٍ أَحَقُّ أَن تَقُومَ فِيهِۚ فِيهِ رِجَالٞ يُحِبُّونَ أَن يَتَطَهَّرُواْۚ وَٱللَّهُ يُحِبُّ ٱلۡمُطَّهِّرِينَ ١٠٨

Do not stand [for prayer] within it - ever. A mosque founded on righteousness from the first day1 is more worthy for you to stand in. Within it are men who love to purify themselves; and Allāh loves those who purify themselves.

先知啊!你不要应答伪信士的邀请,去这种清真寺礼拜。建立在敬畏之上的库巴清真寺要比建立在悖信之上的清真寺更值得你去礼拜。在库巴清真寺中有一些人,他们喜欢以水使身体保持清洁,以忏悔和求饶来涤罪。真主喜欢内清外洁,纯洁无罪的人。

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أَفَمَنۡ أَسَّسَ بُنۡيَٰنَهُۥ عَلَىٰ تَقۡوَىٰ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرِضۡوَٰنٍ خَيۡرٌ أَم مَّنۡ أَسَّسَ بُنۡيَٰنَهُۥ عَلَىٰ شَفَا جُرُفٍ هَارٖ فَٱنۡهَارَ بِهِۦ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٠٩

Then is one who laid the foundation of his building on righteousness [with fear] from Allāh and [seeking] His approval better or one who laid the foundation of his building on the edge of a bank about to collapse, so it collapsed with him into the fire of Hell? And Allāh does not guide the wrongdoing people.

服从真主的命令,远离真主的禁令,追求真主的喜悦,广行各种善功,为敬畏真主而建立清真寺的人,与为了伤害穆斯林,增强悖信势力,分裂穆斯林而建立清真寺的人一样吗?两者是绝不相等的!前者的清真寺是牢不可破的,而后者犹如在悬崖边建房的人,其房屋必定倒塌,而使其主人堕入火狱。真主不襄助否认信仰,阳奉阴违的不义者。

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لَا يَزَالُ بُنۡيَٰنُهُمُ ٱلَّذِي بَنَوۡاْ رِيبَةٗ فِي قُلُوبِهِمۡ إِلَّآ أَن تَقَطَّعَ قُلُوبُهُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ ١١٠

Their building which they built will not cease to be a [cause of] skepticism in their hearts until their hearts are cut [i.e., stopped]. And Allāh is Knowing and Wise.

他们修建的清真寺将永远成为伤害、怀疑和伪信的基地,直到他们的心灵因死亡或杀戮而分裂。真主全知仆人的行为,他对善恶的回报是睿智的。

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۞ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ ٱشۡتَرَىٰ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ أَنفُسَهُمۡ وَأَمۡوَٰلَهُم بِأَنَّ لَهُمُ ٱلۡجَنَّةَۚ يُقَٰتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ فَيَقۡتُلُونَ وَيُقۡتَلُونَۖ وَعۡدًا عَلَيۡهِ حَقّٗا فِي ٱلتَّوۡرَىٰةِ وَٱلۡإِنجِيلِ وَٱلۡقُرۡءَانِۚ وَمَنۡ أَوۡفَىٰ بِعَهۡدِهِۦ مِنَ ٱللَّهِۚ فَٱسۡتَبۡشِرُواْ بِبَيۡعِكُمُ ٱلَّذِي بَايَعۡتُم بِهِۦۚ وَذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ ١١١

Indeed, Allāh has purchased from the believers their lives and their properties [in exchange] for that they will have Paradise. They fight in the cause of Allāh, so they kill and are killed. [It is] a true promise [binding] upon Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur’ān. And who is truer to his covenant than Allāh? So rejoice in your transaction which you have contracted. And it is that which is the great attainment.

清高的真主以昂贵的代价—乐园换取了信士的生命,尽管信士的一切都属于真主。他们与不信道者作战,以便使真主的言辞成为至高的。他们要么杀死,要么杀身成仁。这是真主在穆萨的经典《讨拉特》和尔萨的经典《引支勒》及穆罕默德的经典《古兰经》中的真实的应许。没有人比真主更能践约。信道的人们啊!你们当以真主的契约而高兴,你们确实获得了巨大的赢利,这一契约就是伟大的成功。

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ٱلتَّٰٓئِبُونَ ٱلۡعَٰبِدُونَ ٱلۡحَٰمِدُونَ ٱلسَّٰٓئِحُونَ ٱلرَّٰكِعُونَ ٱلسَّٰجِدُونَ ٱلۡأٓمِرُونَ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ وَٱلنَّاهُونَ عَنِ ٱلۡمُنكَرِ وَٱلۡحَٰفِظُونَ لِحُدُودِ ٱللَّهِۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١١٢

[Such believers are] the repentant, the worshippers, the praisers [of Allāh], the travelers [for His cause], those who bow and prostrate [in prayer], those who enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong, and those who observe the limits [set by] Allāh. And give good tidings to the believers.

获得这种回报的人放弃了真主所厌恶和恼怒的事,选择了真主所喜欢的事。他们敬畏、谦卑地屈服于真主,努力地服从真主,在任何情况下都赞美真主,封斋,礼拜,命人行善,止人作恶,恪守真主的命令,远离真主的禁令。先知啊!你当告诉具备这些品质的信士,真主为他们在今后两世所准备的赏赐。

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مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ أَن يَسۡتَغۡفِرُواْ لِلۡمُشۡرِكِينَ وَلَوۡ كَانُوٓاْ أُوْلِي قُرۡبَىٰ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمۡ أَنَّهُمۡ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَحِيمِ ١١٣

It is not for the Prophet and those who have believed to ask forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they were relatives, after it has become clear to them that they are companions of Hellfire.

在明白多神教徒是火狱的居民之后,先知和信士们不应该为他们求恕,即便他们是亲属也罢,因为他们至死坚持以物配主。

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وَمَا كَانَ ٱسۡتِغۡفَارُ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ لِأَبِيهِ إِلَّا عَن مَّوۡعِدَةٖ وَعَدَهَآ إِيَّاهُ فَلَمَّا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُۥٓ أَنَّهُۥ عَدُوّٞ لِّلَّهِ تَبَرَّأَ مِنۡهُۚ إِنَّ إِبۡرَٰهِيمَ لَأَوَّٰهٌ حَلِيمٞ ١١٤

And the request of forgiveness of Abraham for his father was only because of a promise he had made to him. But when it became apparent to him [i.e., Abraham] that he [i.e., the father] was an enemy to Allāh, he disassociated himself from him. Indeed was Abraham compassionate and patient.

伊卜拉欣为他的父亲求恕,是由于有约在先,希望他能皈依。伊卜拉欣发现他的父亲是真主的敌人,是因为劝告对他无济于事,或者他通过启示得知他至死也不归信,这时他就与他脱离关系。他为父亲的求恕是个人行为,而不是违背真主对他的启示。伊卜拉欣(愿主福安之)对真主是十分谦恭的,对不义的族人是非常宽容的。

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وَمَا كَانَ ٱللَّهُ لِيُضِلَّ قَوۡمَۢا بَعۡدَ إِذۡ هَدَىٰهُمۡ حَتَّىٰ يُبَيِّنَ لَهُم مَّا يَتَّقُونَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمٌ ١١٥

And Allāh would not let a people stray after He has guided them until He makes clear to them what they should avoid. Indeed, Allāh is Knowing of all things.

真主在引导一伙民众之后,不会使其迷误,直到为他们阐明应该远离的禁令。如果他们在此后犯禁,真主就会使他们迷误。真主确是全知万事的,任何事都瞒不过祂,祂已把你们所不知道的教授给你们了。

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إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَهُۥ مُلۡكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِۖ يُحۡيِۦ وَيُمِيتُۚ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مِن وَلِيّٖ وَلَا نَصِيرٖ ١١٦

Indeed, to Allāh belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth; He gives life and causes death. And you have not besides Allāh any protector or any helper.

真主拥有天地的国权,没有任何人与祂分享权力。天地间的任何事都瞒不过祂。祂使祂所意欲者生,使祂所意欲者死。人们啊!除真主外,没有任何人能主持你们的事务,没有任何人能替你们抵御灾难,援助你们战胜敌人。

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لَّقَد تَّابَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَى ٱلنَّبِيِّ وَٱلۡمُهَٰجِرِينَ وَٱلۡأَنصَارِ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّبَعُوهُ فِي سَاعَةِ ٱلۡعُسۡرَةِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا كَادَ يَزِيغُ قُلُوبُ فَرِيقٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيۡهِمۡۚ إِنَّهُۥ بِهِمۡ رَءُوفٞ رَّحِيمٞ ١١٧

Allāh has already forgiven the Prophet and the Muhājireen and the Anṣār who followed him in the hour of difficulty after the hearts of a party of them had almost inclined [to doubt], and then He forgave them. Indeed, He was to them Kind and Merciful.

真主确已饶恕了先知(愿主福安之),当时,祂许可伪信士不参加塔布克战役。真主也饶恕了迁士们和辅士们。在塔布克战役时,尽管天气炎热,穆斯林势单力薄,敌军十分强大,但他们仍没有放弃参战,而是随先知出生入死。当时,他们中的一伙人的心几乎偏斜,这些人想要放弃战争,因为他们遇到了极大的困难。后来,真主襄助了他们,使他们稳住阵脚,勇往直前。真主原谅了他们,真主确是慈爱他们的,这表现在真主引导他们忏悔并接受了他们的忏悔。

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وَعَلَى ٱلثَّلَٰثَةِ ٱلَّذِينَ خُلِّفُواْ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا ضَاقَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتۡ وَضَاقَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمۡ أَنفُسُهُمۡ وَظَنُّوٓاْ أَن لَّا مَلۡجَأَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَّآ إِلَيۡهِ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ لِيَتُوبُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلتَّوَّابُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ١١٨

And [He also forgave] the three who were left alone [i.e., boycotted, regretting their error] to the point that the earth closed in on them in spite of its vastness1 and their souls confined [i.e., anguished] them and they were certain that there is no refuge from Allāh except in Him. Then He turned to them so they could repent. Indeed, Allāh is the Accepting of Repentance,2 the Merciful.

真主确已接受了凯尔布·本·马立克、麦拉勒·本·拉比尔、希拉勒·本·伍麦耶的忏悔。他们没有与先知一起参加塔布克战役,真主推迟了对他们忏悔的接受。先知命令人们与他们断交,他们为此感到十分忧伤,大地虽广,他们却无地自容,他们为自己所遭到的孤立而烦恼。他们知道除了真主之外,他们无处可逃。真主怜悯了他们,引导他们忏悔,然后接受了他们的忏悔。真主对仆人确是至恕的、至慈的。

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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَكُونُواْ مَعَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ ١١٩

O you who have believed, fear Allāh and be with those who are true.

信仰真主、追随先知和实践伊斯兰法的人们啊!你们当敬畏真主,服从真主的命令,远离真主的禁令,你们当与那些在信仰和言行方面真诚的人在一起。只有真诚才能拯救你们。

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مَا كَانَ لِأَهۡلِ ٱلۡمَدِينَةِ وَمَنۡ حَوۡلَهُم مِّنَ ٱلۡأَعۡرَابِ أَن يَتَخَلَّفُواْ عَن رَّسُولِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا يَرۡغَبُواْ بِأَنفُسِهِمۡ عَن نَّفۡسِهِۦۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ لَا يُصِيبُهُمۡ ظَمَأٞ وَلَا نَصَبٞ وَلَا مَخۡمَصَةٞ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا يَطَـُٔونَ مَوۡطِئٗا يَغِيظُ ٱلۡكُفَّارَ وَلَا يَنَالُونَ مِنۡ عَدُوّٖ نَّيۡلًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُم بِهِۦ عَمَلٞ صَٰلِحٌۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجۡرَ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ ١٢٠

It was not [proper] for the people of Madīnah and those surrounding them of the bedouins that they remain behind after [the departure of] the Messenger of Allāh or that they prefer themselves over his self.1 That is because they are not afflicted by thirst or fatigue or hunger in the cause of Allāh, nor do they tread on any ground that enrages the disbelievers, nor do they inflict upon an enemy any infliction but that it is registered for them as a righteous deed. Indeed, Allāh does not allow to be lost the reward of the doers of good.

当先知亲自出征时,麦地那人及周边的游牧人不应该逗留后方,只顾自己的安逸,不与先知共患难。他们应该放弃个人安危,与先知同生共死。因为他们为主道而遭遇的饥渴和劳顿,他们触怒不信道者的每一步,他们对敌人的创伤、俘虏及杀戮,真主都为他们记录善功的回赐,真主不会使行善者徒劳无酬,祂要给他们充分的回报,并增加对他们的赏赐。

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وَلَا يُنفِقُونَ نَفَقَةٗ صَغِيرَةٗ وَلَا كَبِيرَةٗ وَلَا يَقۡطَعُونَ وَادِيًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُمۡ لِيَجۡزِيَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ أَحۡسَنَ مَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١٢١

Nor do they spend an expenditure, small or large, or cross a valley but that it is registered for them that Allāh may reward them for the best of what they were doing.

他们所花费的,以及他们所走的路程,无论多少,真主都要为他们记录下来,并给予回报,在后世以他们所行的最好的工作赏赐他们。

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۞ وَمَا كَانَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ لِيَنفِرُواْ كَآفَّةٗۚ فَلَوۡلَا نَفَرَ مِن كُلِّ فِرۡقَةٖ مِّنۡهُمۡ طَآئِفَةٞ لِّيَتَفَقَّهُواْ فِي ٱلدِّينِ وَلِيُنذِرُواْ قَوۡمَهُمۡ إِذَا رَجَعُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهِمۡ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَحۡذَرُونَ ١٢٢

And it is not for the believers to go forth [to battle] all at once. For there should separate from every division of them a group [remaining] to obtain understanding in the religion and warn [i.e., advise] their people when they return to them that they might be cautious.

信士不宜全体出征,以免被敌人战胜而全军覆没。怎能不这样做呢?一部分人出征,让留守者陪同使者,以便从使者那里学习《古兰经》和教律,专攻教义,当出征者返回时,以他们的所学加以警告。希望他们能警惕真主的惩罚,进而服从真主的命令,远离真主的禁令。这节经文针对的是先知派向各地的军队,先知专门挑选了一些弟子来完成这一任务。

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يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ قَٰتِلُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡكُفَّارِ وَلۡيَجِدُواْ فِيكُمۡ غِلۡظَةٗۚ وَٱعۡلَمُوٓاْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١٢٣

O you who have believed, fight against those adjacent to you of the disbelievers and let them find in you harshness. And know that Allāh is with the righteous.

伟大的真主命令信士与周边的不信道者作战,因为他们由于地理位置的临近对信士造成了威胁。同样,真主命令信士展示力量和威严,以便震慑他们,抵御他们的伤害。伟大真主的援助和支持是与敬畏者同在的。

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وَإِذَا مَآ أُنزِلَتۡ سُورَةٞ فَمِنۡهُم مَّن يَقُولُ أَيُّكُمۡ زَادَتۡهُ هَٰذِهِۦٓ إِيمَٰنٗاۚ فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ فَزَادَتۡهُمۡ إِيمَٰنٗا وَهُمۡ يَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ ١٢٤

And whenever a sūrah is revealed, there are among them [i.e., the hypocrites] those who say, "Which of you has this increased in faith?" As for those who believed, it has increased them in faith, while they are rejoicing.

当真主给先知(愿主福安之)降下一章《古兰经》时,就有伪信士冷嘲热讽:这章《古兰经》会使谁更加确信穆罕默德所带来的讯息呢?至于信仰真主和先知的人,降示的章节会使他们更加确信,他们因真主降下的启示而高兴,因为其中含有对他们今后两世有益的信息。

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وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٞ فَزَادَتۡهُمۡ رِجۡسًا إِلَىٰ رِجۡسِهِمۡ وَمَاتُواْ وَهُمۡ كَٰفِرُونَ ١٢٥

But as for those in whose hearts is disease, it has [only] increased them in evil [in addition] to their evil.1 And they will have died while they are disbelievers.

至于伪信士,《古兰经》中的律法和故事只会使他们更加的病态和丑恶,因为他们否认启示,故他们的心病随着《古兰经》的降示而增加。每当《古兰经》降示时,他们就对其产生怀疑,他们最终将在不信道的状态下死去。

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أَوَلَا يَرَوۡنَ أَنَّهُمۡ يُفۡتَنُونَ فِي كُلِّ عَامٖ مَّرَّةً أَوۡ مَرَّتَيۡنِ ثُمَّ لَا يَتُوبُونَ وَلَا هُمۡ يَذَّكَّرُونَ ١٢٦

Do they not see that they are tried every year once or twice but then they do not repent nor do they remember?

难道伪信士不观察和思考真主对他们的考验吗?真主每年都要揭露他们一到两次,尽管他们知道伟大真主在考验他们,他们也不对自己的悖逆而忏悔,不放弃自己的伪信,不从自己的遭遇中觉悟——他们的遭遇是真主的安排。

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وَإِذَا مَآ أُنزِلَتۡ سُورَةٞ نَّظَرَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ إِلَىٰ بَعۡضٍ هَلۡ يَرَىٰكُم مِّنۡ أَحَدٖ ثُمَّ ٱنصَرَفُواْۚ صَرَفَ ٱللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُم بِأَنَّهُمۡ قَوۡمٞ لَّا يَفۡقَهُونَ ١٢٧

And whenever a sūrah is revealed, they look at each other, [as if saying], "Does anyone see you?" and then they dismiss themselves. Allāh has dismissed their hearts because they are a people who do not understand.

当一章《古兰经》降示给先知(愿主福安之),其中提到伪信士的情况时,他们就面面相觑地说:有人看见你们了吗?如果没有人看见他们,他们就溜走了。真的,真主使他们的心偏离了引导和善良,并弃绝了他们,因为他们是不理解的民众。

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لَقَدۡ جَآءَكُمۡ رَسُولٞ مِّنۡ أَنفُسِكُمۡ عَزِيزٌ عَلَيۡهِ مَا عَنِتُّمۡ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيۡكُم بِٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ رَءُوفٞ رَّحِيمٞ ١٢٨

There has certainly come to you a Messenger from among yourselves. Grievous to him is what you suffer; [he is] concerned over you [i.e., your guidance] and to the believers is kind and merciful.

阿拉伯人啊!你们同族的先知确已来临你们,他是和你们一样的阿拉伯人。你们的遭遇让他痛苦,他非常渴望引导和关心你们。他对信士非常慈爱。

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فَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَقُلۡ حَسۡبِيَ ٱللَّهُ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَۖ عَلَيۡهِ تَوَكَّلۡتُۖ وَهُوَ رَبُّ ٱلۡعَرۡشِ ٱلۡعَظِيمِ ١٢٩

But if they turn away, [O Muḥammad], say, "Sufficient for me is Allāh; there is no deity except Him. On Him I have relied, and He is the Lord of the Great Throne."

先知啊!如果他们拒绝你,不信你所带来的启示,你当对他们说:真主能使我满足,除祂外,绝无应受崇拜的,我只依靠祂,祂是伟大阿尔西的主。

Text: Quranic Universal Library (Tarteel), via spa5k/tafsir_api (MIT), at a fixed version. The ayahs: Quran Foundation. Sources and licences

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Ayat al-Kursi36Al-Kahfpage 42juz 15Bukhari 1Muslim 2999

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